17692 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 14, 197.8 H.R. 15 agency desires to enter into a compliance H.R. 12931 By Mr. CORRAO A: agreement, but alleges that full compliance By Mr. MATHIS: -On page 106, revise section 136(a) to read with the requirements of this title is genu­ -Beginning on page 15, line 10, strike every­ inely not feasible until a future date, the a~ follows: thing through line 3 on page 19. Commissioner shall hold a hearing at which "SEC. 136. (a) WITHHOLDING.-Whenever -On page 17, line 18, strike the period and that agency shall have the ourden of demon­ insert m lieu thereof the following: ": Pro­ the Commissioner, after reasonable notice strating that immediate compliance is not and opportunity for ::1. hearing to any State vided further, That no such payment may be feasible. The Commissioner shall provide an made while the Articles of Agreement of the educational agency, finds that there has been opportunity for parents, their represent­ a failure to comply substantiall.y with any Bank contain no provision denying or lim­ atives, and other interested parties to par­ iting membership or assistance to any coun­ assurance set forth in the application of that ticipate in that hearing. If the Commissioner State approved under section 52 or 101, the try in violation of basic individual human determines, on the basis of all the evidence rights, including but not limited to freedom Commissioner shall notify the agency that presented to him, that immediate compli­ of the press, freedom of expression, univer­ further payments will not be made to the ance is genuinely not feasible, he shall make sal adult suffrage, and freedom to own and State under this title (or, in his discretion, written findings to that effect before enter­ exchange private property." that the State educational agency shall re­ ing into such a compliance agreement with that State educational agency." -On page 23, add the following new section: duce or terminate further payments under "SEc. 510. None of the funds appropriated this title to specified local educational agen­ under this Act for the international finan­ cies or State agencies affected by the failure) H.R. 12928 cial institutions shall be used to meet any until he is satisfied that there is no longer By Mr. EDGAR: call, or successive calls, on unpaid capital any such failure to comply. Until he is so sat­ -Page 6, line 22, strike out the period and in excess of the United States pro rata share isfied, (1) no further payments shall be made insert the following: ": Provided further, of such call, notwithstanding the failure or to the State under this title, or (2) payments That none of the funds appropriated or oth­ any other country to respond to a call." by the State educational agency under this erwise made available under this paragraph -On page 23, line 19, add the following new title shall be limited to local educational shall be obligated or expended for land ac­ sentence: agencies and State agencies not affected by quisition, construction, and planning for the "The Secretary shall instruct such execu­ following projects: Bayou Badeau and Trib­ tive directors to oppose and vote against any the failure, or, (3) payments to particular assistance by such institutions, including local educational age~1cles shall be reduced, utaries; Yatesville Lake, Meramec Park Lake; but not limited to loans for the production as the case may be. Where partial payments Lukfata Lake; and LaFarge Lake and Chan­ of palm oil, sugar, citrus, tobacco, grains, to a local educational agency are continued nel Improvements." oilseeds, and steel that would, directly or in­ under this subsection, the expenditure of Page 12, line 9, strike out the period and directly, tend to lessen employment oppor­ those payments shall be subJect to such con­ insert the following: ": Provided further, tunities or potential employment opportu­ ditions as the Commissioner deems appro­ That none of the funds appropriated or oth­ nities in any industry in the United States priate in light of the failure which led to the erwise made available under this paragraph or would tend to lessen s.9.les or potential partial withholding. Pending the outcome of shall be obligated or expended for land ac­ sales, in either the domestic or international any proceedings under this subsection, the quisition or construction of the Narrows markets, of any commodity produced in the Commissioner may suspend payments to Unit." United States." such agency, after such agency has been Page 12, line 24, strike out .the period and H.R. 12936 given reasonable notice and opportunity to insert the following: ": Provided further, By Mr. BROWN of California: show cause why such action should not be That none of the funds appropriated or oth­ taken. -On page 19, line 6, strike "$806,400,000" and erwise made available under this paragraph insert in lieu thereof "815,400,000", and on -On page 108, in section 136(c) of title I, shall be obligated or expended for planning line 8 strike "$48,100,000" and insert in lieu insert the following between lines 5 and 6: the following projects: Savery-Pot Hook and thereat "57,100,000", and on line 11 strike "In any case in which a State educational Fruitland Mesa." "$17,-" and insert in lieu thereof "$26,-".

EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS LINKAGE WITH SALT able SAM STRATTON, who has 20 distin­ SALT II treaty is anything but a document guished years of service on the House of extreme precision. We all remember the Armed Services Committee, had an ex­ omissions and ambiguities in SALT I. No·t HON. LARRY MrDONALD cellent letter in the Washington Post only were they responsible for an intense OF GEORGIA national debate over whether the Soviets did today sians," as some insist we should in SALT So if SALT II is to achieve anything use­ the editorial pages of the Nation are II negotiations. Significantly, the Wall ful, it must provide us with the opportunity filled with a lot of thoughts concerning Street Journal of June 12 echoed the of redressing this imbalance and, at the same our relations with the U.S.S.R. These same sen tim en ts in an excell en t editorial time, to the maximum extent possible, es­ center about the blatant aggressions of entitled: "Linkage Rigmarole" point­ chew similar ambiguities and inexaotitudes. communism in Africa. Some persons However, this has by no means been achieved ing that we can best judge nations by in the current draft. have suggested there is a linkage with their deeds not their words. Thus SALT the SALT II talks and that perhaps we Perhaps perfect precision can never be II should be looked upon with suspicion. achieved in such a document. But that is just ought to break off the SALT II talks as a The items follow: gesture of our displeasure with Soviet the point. There are many things in SALT behavior or until some change is indi­ (From the Washington Post, June 12, 1978] II-and there will be even more in a compre­ AND LINKAGE WITH SALT II hensive test-ban treaty, if that comes cated in Soviet policy toward Africa. ab0ut-that can never be fully verified. This trend of thought, of course, all pre­ In the past couple of weeks Washington "Trust us," the Russian high command told supposes that the U.S.S.R. values the has witnessed an unusual flurry of contra­ our committee last Easter in Moscow, when SALT II talks as highly as we do. This dictory policy pronouncements on what we asked for proof of their claim that the should be our response to continued Soviet Backfire bomber, even refueled, could still is debatable. However, it is predictable and Cuban meddling in Africa. After sev­ that the Department of State and others not reach the continental United States. eral false starts the final official position, it They just quoted Leonid I. Brezhnev to us. in the "establishment" will insist that appears, is that "linkage" is out, concluding But if the success of SALT II must depend SALT talks stand by themselves and we e. SALT II treaty is "in the national interest" to some appreciable extent on trust in our should ignore Soviet aggressions else­ and, as The Post (May 30] and others have Soviet friends, then their recent conduct in where. This, of course, is the same old put it, SALT therefore stands on its own Africa, their actions in Afghanistan and their tired rhetoric we have been hearing for a merits and must not "become a pawn in an bugging of the U.S. embassy in Moscow, are long time that ongoing negotiations take internal argument over Kremlin policy." all highly relevant factors in determining precedence over everything else. Yester­ Such a view, however, is dangerously blind whether such trust is warranted. day, my friend and colleague, the Honor- to one overriding consideration. The proposed Surely, when concluding an agreement on

Statements or insertions which are not spoken by the Member on the floor will be identified by the use of a "bullet" symbol, i.e., • June 14, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 17693 strategic arms-no less than in signing a bargain. That the new toughness is so far all education, and have added to the sea of lease, or buying a second-hand car-the over­ rhetoric and no action supports the latter Federal redtape in which our schools and all performance of the other party is every view, but only time will tell. Our own hunch colleges are drowning. bit as important to the informed consumer is that the administration itself hasn't de­ as the exact text of the document he is asked cided which of the two lines it is playing. And all of this has been done through to sign. Now, the notion of "linkage" is subject to regulations which make a mockery of the SAMUEL S . STRATTON. · caricature. It would be silly to "slow" or plain meaning of the law and the intent "speed" the negotiations as punishment or of Congress in enacting title IX in 1972. [From the Wall Street Journal, June 12, 1978] reward for what the Soviets do in Africa. If Yet virtually nobody except outraged cit- LINKAGE RIGMAROLE the Soviets continue to push in Africa but izens and the courts have had the gump­ are willing to agree to an honest and even­ We have been watching with some amuse­ tion to say HEW is wrong, and HEW will handed arms treaty, surely we ought not to listen to neither. The Congress thus far ment as the disarmament lobby and the ad­ refuse it. But this hypothesis strains cre­ ministration try to persuade us that there is dulity. If the Soviets are conducting an "ag­ has acquiesced in a grotesque distortion no "linkage" between the strategic arms gressive struggle," building "excessive arms of its intent, apparently because it fears talks, the centerpiece of U.S.-Sooviet relations, and trying to "export" totalitarianism, then that to insist HEW obey the law would and the behavior of the Soviets everywhere we have to as.sume that these purposes and be regarded by some as anti civil rights else in the world. Yes, we are now solemnly not "good faith" dominate their approach to told, it's obvious that the Russians wUl grab or anti women's lib. The law itself is easy anything they can reach, but SALT must be SALT. When we come to examine a result­ to understand. ing agreement we must examine it in this Title IX of the Education Amendments considered on its individual merits. context. With their negotiators seeking mili­ We are amused because for years those of of 1972 is modeled on title VI of the Civil us skeptical about the strategic arms talks tary advantage and our negotiators seeking a mutually beneficial agreement, we need not Rights Act of 1964. It begins with this have been trying to start a debate on the statement: narrow merits, only to be shouted down with be surprised if the supposed merits evaporate under scrutiny. No person in the United States shall, on the cry of "detente." Why should we sign an the basis of sex be excluded from participa­ agreement that has equal numbers of mis­ Of course there is linkage. If someone sells you a house with a leaky roof, cheats at golf, tion in, be denied the benefits of, or be sub­ siles, but far larger ones for the Soviets than jected to discrimination under any education for us. an advantage directly translatable into propositions your wife, steals his brother's inheritance and comes to you offering a used program or activity receiving Federal finan­ a far more effective missile force? Why should cial assistance. we sign an agreement that so severely cur­ car cheap, you need not automatically pass tails our cruise missile it cannot be effectively up a bargain. But you will probably want to Note the precise reach of the prohibi­ developed to defend Europe, while the agree­ kick the tires before you hand over the check.e tion, Mr. Speaker: ment ignores the Soviet Backfire bomber and 'Any education program or activity re­ SS20 missile that mount an increasingly over­ whelming challenge to our allies there? Why ceiving Federal financial assistance. should we sign an agreement on which it is HEW ADMINISTRATION OF TITLE IX-A GROTESQUE DISTORTION It does not say: nearly impossible to detect Soviet cheating, Any program or activity of any institu­ when on current agreements they have de­ OF THE LAW tion receiving Federal financial assistance. monstrated a willingness to cut any corner they can get away with? The words of the law do not cover To these questions, the answer has always HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK extracurricular activities, physical edu­ been, well, this is "a first step." The agree­ cation programs, employment of person­ ment may not be perfect, but it is "the best OF OHIO IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES nel, intercollegiate sports, social organi­ that can be negotiated"-i.e., that the zations, or any activity or program not Soviets will let us have. Anyway, the answer Tuesday, June 13, 1978 continues, we need to maintain the "momen­ receiving Federal finr..ncial assistance. tum" of detente. If SALT were rejected, we e Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, the And every Federal judge who has directly have been told a nauseating number of times, Department of Health, Education, and considered this issue agrees that the it would mean "the end of detente." And Welfare has been administering title words of the law mean only what they without detente, the Soviets might, say, go IX-relating to discrimination on the say. Moreover, the entire legislative his­ on a rampage in Africa. basis of sex in education programs-con­ tory of title IX, and of title VI before it, Now we are instructed to forget all tlhat. confirms that interpretation. We are no longer t o believe that SALT is a trary to the express language of the legis­ finishing school for the Soviets, and that once lation and the clear intent of Congress. Yet, from the very beginning, upon the they learn the correct table manners they will Three U.S. district courts which have issuance of sweeping and clearly exces­ habitually use them everywhere. Instead we considered the issue have come to this sive title IX regulations in 1974, HEW are asked to believe the opposite. That t'he conclusion, yet nothing has been done to has read the language as though it ap­ Russian national character is schizoid. That make HEW obey the law. It does as it plied not just to federally assisted pro­ in Africa the Soviets may be Mr. Hyde, but chooses in contempt of the law. The re­ grams and activities, but to all the pro­ at the SALT table they are Dr. Jekyll. sult is the most brazen, costly, and wide­ grams and activities of entire school sys­ While the administration is by no means tems and higher education institutions t·he worst offender in this regard, listen to spread Federal interference with the ad­ President Carter's speecih last week at the ministration of America's schools and receiving Federal funds. On June 18, Naval Academy: "To the Soviet Union, de­ colleges in history. 1974, HEW Secretary Weinberger issued tente seems to mean a continuing aggressive We have seen HEW dictate the conduct a statement of his Department's intent to struggle for political advantage and in­ of extracurricular activities; interfere publish title IX regulations: creased influence in a variety of ways." And with collegiate sports programs; ret3Ulate To enforce the law banning sex discrimina­ "the Soviets' military buildup appears to be employment practices and compel health tion by educational ins-titutions which re­ excessive far beyond any legitimate require­ ceive Federal financial aid. ments to defend themselves or defend their and leave benefits for pregnancy disabil­ allies." And "The Soviet Union at,tempts to ity-including abortion-even after the That emphasis on institutions receiv­ export a totalitarian and repressive form of Supreme Court held it is not covered un­ ing Federal aid, rather than "program government resulting in a closed society." der title VII of the Civil Rights Act; or activity" receiving Federal aid is ab­ But "We and the Soviets are negotiating in mandate the kinds of locker room and solutely critical; and HEW is absolutely good faith almost every day." And "I'm glad other facilities available to boys and wrong. Under the correct interpretation to report to you today that the prospects HEW could ·examine for sex bias only for a SALT II agreement are good." girls; attempt to require coed off-campus What needs explaining here is how Mr. living facilities for students; attempt­ programs receiving Federal help; under Carter can believe these two contradictory before the law was amended-to ban so­ their "institutional" interpretation they things simultaneously. There are two possi­ rorities and fraternities from our cam­ can poke their nose into everything in b111ties. One is that the administration is in puses and prevent boy scouts and girl American education so long as one penny fact turning around its policy toward the scouts from using our schools; attempt of Federal aid is going for any reason to Soviet Union, and naturally this cannot be to ban mother-daughter, father-son ac­ the school system or institution. done at a stroke. The transition leaves Mr. tivities in our schools; and even control Not only is HEW wrong, but they knew Carter offering a disjointed assessment of they were wrong in their 1974 regula­ Soviet behavior and intentions. The other the volume of cheerleading in boy's and possibility is that the new tough line is a girl's sports-none of which was remote­ tions. They undoubtedly knew it by a fraud, with no other purpose than to per­ ly intended by Congress in enacting title reading of the unambiguous wording of suade the Senate and the country that Mr. IX. The detailed and voluminous reports the statute or even the most casual read­ Carter is "tough" and that therefore the required to be filed have cost millions of ing of the congressional debate and re­ SALT agreement he signs must be an honest dollars which should have tieen spent on ports on it. But they most certainly knew 17694 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 14, 1978 they were wrong because a U.S. circuit to termination of Federal assistance to by HEW-which would demonstrate how court of appeals had told them so in the particular program and further that little interest it has in establishing what August of 1969. the statute specifies such action "shall the law really permits it to do-they will In Board of Education of Taylor be limited in its effect to the parti·cular not be applied beyond the judicial dis­ County, Florida v. Finch, 414 F2d 1068 program, or part thereof, in which such tricts in which they were decided. But <1969) the Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals noncompliance has been found." Then the analysis of the law they provide in no uncertain terms told the then the court ruled: should encourage school systems and Secretary of HEW that his Department This limitation on HEW's enforcement colleges and universities all across the could not interpret the language of title power is implicitly a limitation on HEW's country to resist the invasion of their VI of the Civil Rights Act barring racial authority to regulate as well. HEW cannot rights under the guise of title IX. discrimination in "any program or activ­ regulate the practices of an educational in­ Seemingly, the Office for Civil Rights ity receiving Federal financial assist­ stitution unless those practices result in sex in HEW will go to almost any lengths to discrimination against the beneficiaries of ance" in such a manner that they could some federally assisted education program extend its reach, however unjustified in cut off the Federal funds because of dis­ operated by the institution. The focus of law. Mr. Speaker, I know of one instance crimination elsewhere in the school or section 1681-elimination of sex discrimina­ recently of a college being told by the Di­ institution. The court clearly and em­ tion in federally funded education pro­ rector of OCR that it had to file an as­ phatically held that the statutory lan­ grams-must be the focus of HEW's regula­ surance of compliance with title IX even guage-exactly the same as that in title tions as well. To this extent, HEW's regula­ though the only Federal program it was IX and after which title IX was pat­ tory power is also "program specific". involved in is the guaranteed student terned-applied only to federally fi­ loan program. This odd contention was nanced programs and activities, and not This coverage [of the regulations] is supported by a staff memorandum of the to entire institutions. It described HEW's patently overbroad. HEW could not enforce HEW Office of the General Counsel. its regulations as to employment practices No mention was made of the fact that attempt to stretch its reach as- in Romeo's non-federally funded education The action of an administrative agency programs except by terminating aid to those the General Counsel of HEW had ob­ that is (1) in excess of statutory authority programs which are federally funded, and tained earlier a written opinion from ... (2) likely to result in individual injustice tbis would constitute a clear violation of the the Department of Justice on September ... (3) disruptive of the legislative scheme programmatically specific limitation on 23, 1977, which stated that the term ... and (4) contrary to an important public HEW's enforcement powers contained in "Federal financial assistance" as used policy extending beyond the rights of indi- section 1682. vidual litigants. in section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act 1 In brief, the court found no legal basis of 1973 in the same context as it is used Yet HEW pursued its own course, and for the whole structure of HEW's regu­ in title IX "does not include programs on the most ftimsy and dishonest of pre­ lations under title IX. Almost as aston­ of insurance or guarantee." More spe­ texts. In telling HEW that it must make ishing as the extent of this power grab cifically, the Department of Justice opin­ findings of fact that a particular fed­ is the audacity with which it has been ion, signed by Assistant Attorney General erally funded program was discrimina­ pursued. Here was HEW attempting John M. Harmon, made direct reference tory before it could cut off funds, the through title IX to dictate the employ­ to title IX, as follows: court in the Taylor County case added, ment practices of education institutions Neither title VI nor title IX, the two almost as an afterthought and in what in 1977, when they were already covered models for section 504, prohibit discrimina­ a Federal judge later would describe as under title VII of the Civil Rights Act tion in programs receiving Federal aid ''largely dicta," that HEW might also with enforcement powers in another through insurance or guarantee. Indeed, make a finding of fact that a federally agency. But that is not all, Mr. Speaker, each expressly excludes such p1ograms, al­ funded program "is so affected by dis­ HEW was attempting not only to regu­ beit in an elliptical way." (Emphasis added.) criminatory pra!Ctice elsewhere in the late sex bias in employment but to force Obviously, neither HEW nor its OCR school system that it thereby becomes a school system to take an action which arm is an agency interested in adminis­ discriminatory." HEW seized upon these · the U.S. Supreme Court in 1976, in Gil­ tering the law. Rather, each plays the few words to concoct what it called an bert v. General Electric Company 429 role of the zealous advocate who will "infection theory" whereby all of the U.S. 125 <1976), had declared was not use any weapon to bludgeon institutions .school system's activities come under even required under title VII. into submission to purposes it conceives HEW's scrutiny and power. And HEW still will not desist They are of as good. Any Federal court given the issue sticking by their illegal regulations. And Mr. Speaker, no constructive public should be able to see through that argu­ they are still trying to enforce their rules purpose is served by the kind of reckless ment and label it a subterfuge for ex­ on pregnancy disability for teachers disregard for the law I have detailed. ercising powers not conferred by law. despite the U.S. Supreme Court ruling in Neither the cause of civil rights nor that The first Federal judge to consider the the Gilbert case. Now a second Federal of equal educational opportunity for validity of HEW's sweeping title IX judge has slapped them down on that. In women is served by HEW literally taking regulations did just that. He not only the case of Brunswick School Board v. the law into its own hands. A "good reje·cted the "infection theory" but every Califano the U.S. District Court for cause" does not excuse lawlessness-or other basis for HEW's asserted authority. Maine in circumstances virtually identi­ should not if we are to preserve a govern­ The case was Romeo Community cal to those in Romeo issued an almost ment of laws. I find it somewhat depress­ Schools v. United States Department of identical opinion. That case was decided ing that some of the same people who Health, Education, and Welfare, 438 F. April 13 of this year. applaud the indictment of FBI agents Supp. 1021 <1977). HEW had tried to But even before the Brunswick School for allegedly violating the rights of sus­ force the school district to treat preg­ Board decision, the U.S. District Court pected terrorists also applaud with equal nancy of teachers equally with sickness for the western district of Washington vigor the freewheeling contempt for the and disability for purposes of leave and ruled that HEW does not have authority law by HEW's Office for Civil Rights. It compensation benefits in contravention under title IX to issue regulations cover­ can at least be said that the FBI was of a collective bargaining agreement ing sex bias in college faculty salaries, trying to protect American citizens with the teachers. The Romeo Com­ where the faculty members are not the against the kind of terrorist savages who munity Schools refused to comply and beneficiaries of a federally assisted edu­ kidnapped and slaughtered Aldo Moro in questioned HEW's authority to issue cation program. Again, the reasoning Italy-a danger somewhat more threat­ regulations on this subject. On April 7, was the same as that cited in the Romeo ening than the practice of conducting 1977, the U.S. Distri·ct Court for the case. Again, the court specifically re­ separate physical education classes for Eastern District of Michigan, after an jected the HEW "infection theory" by girls and boys. exhaustive study of the statute and its which it has extended its reach to a The only responsibility of HEW is to legislative history, agreed that HEW has point never contemplated by the Con­ faithfully administer laws as they are no such authority. gress. And again, by necessary implica­ written, consistent with express statutory That court noted not only the direct tion it attacks the whole basis of the language and congressional intent. If limitation of title IX to "any program sweeping title IX regulations. The case is some interest group-however noble its or activity receiving Federal financial Seattle UniveTsity v. HEW, 16 FEP Cases purposes-wants the law changed, and assistance", but also noted that the en­ 719, decided January 20, 1978. wants HEW or any other agency to forcement section of the title is limited If these three cases are not appealed exercise powers not authorized by stat- June 14, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 17695 ute, it should come to the Congress and caE•~ isn't real or if we can't find it, I'll be of the Ad Hoc Committee on Energy, as ask to have the law changed. Legislation happy to give examples of other horror stor­ described in House Resolution 508, has ies that we know are true. Two days later she been realized. It read: by regulation is not consistent with our reported that the ABA's researchers had constitutional structure, or with a scheme traced the lawn mower case to a pamphlet The Ad Hoc Committee on Energy shall expire upon completion of the legislative of representative democracy, or with printed in 1971 attacking trial lawyers but good government. The administration of that they still had no cite for a real case, process, including final disposition of any nor could the group that wrote the pamphlet veto message, with respect to all legislation title IX is a textbook example of legis­ referred to the Ad Hoc Committee. lation by regulation. The result is an un­ find one. precedented and dangerous Federal in­ Spann's speech was entitled "Telling The Ad Hoc Committee was authorized trusion into education at all levels. It is 'Rights' from Wronfl.''e the sum of $212,833 pursuant to House a disgraceful performance which even a Resolution 531. During calendar year liberal Congress-perhaps particularly a AD HOC COMMITTEE ON ENERGY 1977, $124,000 of that was expended. liberal Congress-should find the cour­ STATEMENT AND JUSTIFICATION By authority of House Resolution 1051, age to correct.• ON PROPOSED BUDGET passed by voice vote on March 15, 1978, the sum of $90,000 was authorized for the period January 3 to June 30, 1978. The MORE ON MYTHICAL LA WNMOWER HON. THOMAS L. ASHLEY request budget that is being made is for CASE OF OHIO an additional $50,000, for the remaining IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 6 months of 1978.e HON. JOHN J. LaFALCE Wednesday, June 14, 1978 OF NEW YORK e Mr. ASHLEY. Mr. Speaker, the Ad ERA EXTENSION IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Hoc Committee on Energy was created Wednesday, June 14, 1978 pursuant to House Resolutions 508 and HON. DON EDWARDS • Mr. LAFALCE. Mr. Speaker, time and 509 on April 21, 1977, to consider andre­ OF CALIFORNIA again I have sought to dispel the myth port to the House on the legislation sub­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of an alleged case where a man won a mitted by the administration known as huge product liability award after using the National Energy Act. This legisla­ Wednesday, June 14, 1978 a lawnmower to trim his hedges. This tion subsequently was engrossed as H.R. e Mr. EDWARDS of California. Mr. story has been spread far and wide by in­ 8444 and passed by the House on August Speaker, last week the Illinois House of surance companies and others seeking to 5, 1977. Representatives failed to ratify the Equal blame American juries for the massive The Ad Hoc Committee on Energy held Rights Amendment by only six votes. increases in product liability and other hearings on the goals of the National That vote represents the third time that insurance premiums. Energy Act; coordinated the work of five Illinois has approved ratification of the The story has never been confirmed. standing committees on various portions ERA by a sub3tantial majority of the leg­ Despite intensive efforts to ascertain its of that legislation, and adopted amend­ islature. Yet Illinois, alone among all source, it still appears to have been made ments which were recommended to the other States, requires a three-fifths ma­ of whole cloth. House. jority to ratify constitutional amend­ Several months ago, for example, a The Senate acted on five separate bills, ments. Thus the measure failed. reporter for an insurance trade publi­ which make up the National Energy Act Only 9 months now remain for the cation tried to trace its origin; despite an and correspond to H.R. 8444. necessary three additional States to rat­ intensive effort, he was unsuccessful in On October 15, 1977, the Speaker ap­ ify the amendment. However, of the his effort to find substantiation for it. pointed House conferees to meet with States which have not yet ratified, sev­ Nevertheless, the president of the Senate conferees and reconcile differ­ eral will not meet in legislative session American Bar Association repeated the ences between the two bodies. All 25 of at all until next year, thus leaving a woe­ story again in a recent speech. Esquire the House conferees-17 from the major­ fully inadequate time to consider and magazine, intrigued by the story, asked ity party, 8 from the minority-were debate the ERA ratification. This means the ABA where the story caine from. The members of the Ad Hoc Committee on that a time extension for ratification is result? Again, no substantiation. Energy. essential if we are to extend to American I am pleased to see this myth being Since the conference has been meeting, women the same constitutional protec­ deflated in the national media-although staff of the Ad Hoc Committee have been tions that men in this country receive. I am, of course, discouraged that it is still monitoring the proceedings. Requests for The following editorial from the Los being circulated. The area of product information on the conference have been Angeles Times argues for an extension to liability insurance is laden with misin­ filed by the Ad Hoc Committee staff. This the ERA ratification time period and I formation and, of course, even untrue is a continuing process. In addition to recommend it to my colleagues. Since the statements can gain credibility if they having prepared summaries of agree­ editorial was published the Subcommit­ are repeated often enough, particularly ments reached by the conferees, the Ad tee on Civil and Constitutional Rights, by prominent people. Hoc Committee staff responds to sub­ ot' which I am chairman, has voted out Esquire is to be applauded for its ef­ sta.ntive questions regarding provisions of a resolution extending the ratification forts in seeking the truth, and I would H.R. 8444 and the Senate-passed ver­ period. Two days after the editorial the like to share the article they published sions of their corresponding bills. Illinois legislature failed to ratify and with my colleagues: By June 30, the staff of the Ad Hoc another vote on the issue is planned for RIGHT FROM WRONG Committee will have been reduced from this week. However, regardless of the American Bar Association president Wil­ its original com-plement of eight moon. I'm proud to know we are so advanced in our sciences. DEAR KATHY AND JoANN: I have your letter e Mr. ERLENBORN. Mr. Speaker, I am I'm proud our forefathers fought not only of November 23 which because of the Con­ pleased to submit for insertion into the for our cause, but for many other countries gressional recess has only recently come to RECORD the following essay which was also. I'm proud we fought f or truth and jus­ my attention. I am a member of tbe Sub­ tice for all. Equality and freedom are our committee on Immigration, Citizenship and written by Miss Annette Stojkovich, an International Law of the House Judiciary 8th grader at the Eisenhower Junior country's backbone. I'm proud our country gave aid to less fortunate countries when Committee. Our subcommittee drafted the High School in Darien, Ill. they were in need of it. But most of all implementing legislation which was required Miss Stojkovich's essay won first prize I'm proud of tbis belief, " .. . And, at t.he to make the treaties with Mexico and Can­ in my annual essay contests, "Why I'm heart of the democratic philoso~hy is the ada functional. In the drafting of the legisla­ Proud To Be an American," which is run belief that man can control his own destiny tion, we very carefully kept other countrie:; in DuPage County. and improve living conditions through his in mind also, and so drafted the legislation I feel certain, Mr. SpE-aker, that when own actions." that it would accommodate future treaties I sincerely hope our country will live for with other countries such as Turkey, without the Members read this essay, they will many, many, hap_py, peacef11l and prosperous t ':J e ne::essity of new legislation. We believe have a greater understanding of what years. I hope every generaticn to come has that in this legislation, we have taken care being an American means to many of our a love for our country, for if we learn to value of most, if not all of the objections foreign young people. It is most appropriate that and treasure what we have, we shall never governments have to the subject matter. this essay appear on Flag Day, 1978. I lose it.e The bill was drafted, passed the full Com­ commend it to the attention of my col­ mittee, the House of Representatives and the leagues. Senate, and was signed into law by the TURKEY'S INSENSITIVITY TO President, at which signing I was present. WHY I'M PROUD To BE AN AMERICAN HUMAN RIGHTS-II Some years ago, perhaps either in Time or My mother was born and raised on a farm Life magazine, I read a most disturbing story in Yugoslavia. When she was a young girl of about your sentence and subsequent incar­ fourteen, she came home from school one HON. HAROLD S. SAWYER ceration for wbat appeared to me to be an day, and to her horror, she discoverec! her OF MICHIGAN horrendous·ly excessive period of time. Dur­ mother had been taken a way from her by ing the drafting of the legislation, I had your the communists. She was scared to death! IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES situation in mind and requested and re­ She was left home alone, without her par­ Wednesday, June 14, 1978 ceived from the State Department a detailed ents. Her father was in Germany, and her report on it. I have subsequently been in mother was in jail. She had to manage the e Mr. SAWYER. Mr. Speaker, in this, touch with both Mr. McDonald in Oregon farm, go to school, and try to survive at the my second of a series of remarks on the and Miss McDaniel's parents. I also talked same time. A cold shiver ran down her back. violation of human rights in Turkey, I with the congressional liaison office at the Would her mother ever come home? Who would like to convey some of the more State Department who advised me that Tur­ would take care of her? What would become specific details of a case involving the key was one of five other countries interested of her? two U.S. citizens which were mentioned in negotiating a similar treaty to that of After three months of hardship and work, Canada and Mexico. He advised me that the her mother came home. Her mother was in the first letter I included. My more negotiations would be in the hands of Am­ thrown in jail because she mocked the com­ exact purpose and ultimate goal in con­ bassador Spiers and that they would expect munists. A joke got her in jail. If she had tinuing this series would be the negotia­ a treaty could be negotiated as early aR been a man she would have been killed. tion of a treaty with Turkey, seeking March of 1978 with a return of prisoners to My mother also had a hard time with some their cooperation in a sort of prisoner the United States by about midyear. Since June 14, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 17697 then, of course, the Turkish government has Spartanburg area, they are: The Spar­ When the 76-year-old former President re­ changed and I do not know what if any im­ tanburg Lions Club, Hoechst Fibers In­ turned to Panama from exile in Florida last pact this will have on the situation. dustries, Jones Tractor Co., M. Lowen­ Saturday, some 100,000 supporters who were As to your relea.!::e upon return to the viewing him for the first time in a decade United States, you would come under the stein & Sons, Inc. and the Spartan Ra­ danced and crowded round him. Yet it was parole and probation laws of the United diocasting Co. evident that the mystical spell that he cast States as opposed to Turkey. This would in­ Their generosity has made it possible over Panama almost 40 years ago remained. sure your release within two years, but I for the following students to participate A heavy storm broke over the city shortly expect from observing the handling of Mexi­ in this year's congressional classroom before his plane landed. "It's all right,'' a can prisoners that it would probably be program: Keith Bailey, son of Mr. and middle-aged woman remarked with convic­ accomplished virtually immediately on Mrs. Eber A. Bailey of Wellford; Chuck tion. "The gods always bless the land before straight parole as opposed to a work release the doctor arrives." Later, downtown, a young r:;uncan, son of Mr. and Mrs. J. C. Dun­ lawyer said of the thrice-deposed and exiled type program. This would mean that except F. for certain minimal actual restrictions and a can of Lyman; Charles Duvall, Jr., leader, "It's the fourth coming.' periodic report to a parole officer, you would son of Rev. and Mrs. C. F. Duvall of The messianic quality of Dr. Arias' re­ be totally free to do as you wish. Spartanburg; David Hodge, son of Mr. turn was evidently heightened by the grow­ I am at this point again writing to Am­ and Mrs. George R. Hodge of Greer; Joey ing dissatisfaction of Panamanians with the bassador Spiers to inquire as to the progre~>s Hudson, son of Mr. and Mrs. Jimmy 10-year-old regime of Brig. Gen. Omar Tor­ of negotiations and for your information, I Hudson of Greer; Terry Livingston, son rijos Herrera and the deep frustration of am enclosing herewith, a copy of the treaty of Mr. and Mrs. Gordon Livingston of opposition groups at being unable to depose with Mexico and a copy of the implementing Greenville; Mark T. Moore, son of Mr. the country's military rulers. legislation which is now law, and to which I and Mrs. Ralph D. Moore of Roebuck; THE MYTH OF EL HOMBRE refer above. Nicky L. Nelson, son of Mr. and Mrs. Sensing this, Dr. Arias in his arrival speech Yours very truly, Saturday night attacked the depressed state HAROLD S. SAWYER, Charles Nelson of Greenville; Bany No­ dine, son of Mr. and Mrs. Boyce Nodine of the economy, high taxes and food prices, Member of Congress.e the corruption of the regime, the personality of Lyman; Bobbie Oglesby, daughter of cult surrounding General Torrijos and the Mr. and Mrs. Bobby Oglesby of Cowpens; recently approved Panama Canal treaties. FOURTH DISTRICT CONGRES­ Steve Pynne, son of Mr. and Mrs. His remarks were wildly applauded. SIONAL CLASSROOM Dwight I. Pynne of Mauldin; and Terri But his appeal apparently does not stem Ann Taylor, granddaughter of Mrs. Mary from his political position; even his closest Foster of Inman.• aides can rarely predict his views on specific HON. JAMES R. MANN issues. Rather, Panamanians seem to re­ OF SOUTH CAROLINA spond to the myth of El Hombre-The IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES FORMER PRESIDENT ARNULFO Man-that they have created and helped sustain. Wednesday, June 14, 1978 ARIAS RETURNS TO HIS NATIVE LAND Seven years ago, when General Torrijos • Mr. MANN. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased was at the height of his popularity and Dr. to call to your attention an event that Arias was a seemingly forgotten figure liv­ has made Flag Day, 1978, especially HON. ROBERT K. DORNAN ing quietly in Miami, a Panamanian politi­ OF CALIFORNIA cian told a visitor, "It's inexplicable, but 1f meaningful for a group of high school you put 100,000 people in a square, with Tor­ students from South Carolina, who, as IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES rijos at one end and Arias at the other, of this evening, will be completing a Wednesday, June 14, 1978 everyone would be turned toward Arias." 4-day pilgrimage to their Nation's As Dr. Arias drove through May 5 Plaza in Capitol as participants in the lOth • Mr. DORNAN. Mr. Speaker, after 10 downtown Panama City yesterday, the man Annual Fourth District Congressional years of exile in the United States, whom General Torrijos placed in the presi­ Classroom. former President Arnulfo Arias of Pan­ dency, Demetrio Lakas, could be seen watch­ ama returned to his native country on ing the cheering crowd from a seventh-floor When they return to their homes, window of the Hotel Internacional. these students will become veterans of a June 10, 1978, and was greeted by what program that has been responsible for was probably the greatest demonstra­ AGING LEADERS STILL ADMIRED introducing over 150 young people to the tion in Panamanian history estimated to The phenomenon of Dr. Arias is not realities of their Government--as it ex­ have been between 200,000 and 300,000. unique in Latin America: The late Juan Although given minimal treatment in Domingo Per6n returned to the Argentine ists today, and as it has evolved over the presidency in 1974 after two decades in exile; years since our forefathers fought and the press of the United States, his arrival Jose Maria Velasco Ibarra, five times Presi­ won for us the right to govern ourselves. was featured on major television net­ dent of Ecuador and last deposed in 1972, has It is a right that is ours only so long as works. Experienced observers familiar been barred from running in this year's elec­ we protect it through the practice of with Isthmian history report that the tions for fear he would win again; the oc­ enlightened citizenshiP-and that is acclaim was tremendous. togenarian Victor Haya de la Torre remains precisely what the Fourth District In his arrival speech, Dr. Arias "at­ a charismatic figure in Peru, and Victor Paz tacked the depressed state of the the New York Times, June 13, 1978] he said in an interview today, relaxing in like to recognize the civic clubs, busi­ PANAMA-lA- WHO COSTS A SPELL the home of supporters. "You have to keep nesses and service organizations in the (By Alan Riding) prodding them with a stick to keep them fourth district who have sponsored this moving." On another occasion, he remarked: year's congressional classroom scholars. PANAMA, June 12.-"A leader should be "Panama is like a village. What it needs is a aloof," Dr. Arnulfo Arias Madrid told a visi­ mayor, not a president." FTom the Greenville area, they are: The tor in Miami recently. "He should be un­ Greenville Lions and Sertoma Clubs, the touchable. They carry the Pope on a bier so "ENORMOUS FORCES" GUIDE HIM Greenville Kiwanis, the Liberty Corp., you can't get too close. That's how a political AI though Dr. Arias admits to being a poor and J. P. Stevens & Co., Inc. From the leader should be." public speaker-"partly because I'm shy, I 17698 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 14, 1978 don't like crowds," he explained today-his States assumed the right to keep open the dum, two-thirds of voters approved the pronouncements contain a strong canal by force after it comes under Panama's treaties. philosophical strain that appeals to many control in the year 2000, has also largely dis­ CARTER URGED NOT TO COME Panamanians. appeared. "By coming here, Carter is returning "I'm not religious in a formal sense," he "We owe Carter a lot," said Romulo Esco­ Torrijos's favor of accepting treaties that says. "I'm guided by forces, enormous forces, bar Bethancourt, Panama's chief treaty ne­ were so negative for Panama," said Dr. although I don't know what they are. I just gotiator. "He gambled heavily on the treaties Miguel Antonio Bernal, a Trotskyist leader follow principles that I know are right. If a even though he had little to gain politically." who was recently allowed to return here after country has no principles, it has no MANY STILL OPPOSED TO FACTS two years in exile. "Carter is coming to bless salvation.'· the Torrijos dictatorship just one week after Meditative by nature, Dr. Arias seemed con­ Yet while the President now seems assured of a noisy and friendly official reception, its repudiation in the reception for Dr. tent in exile. "You develop your internal life, Arias." you read a lot, you develop friends with a many Panamanian leftists and nationalists remain strongly opposed to the new canal A group of 43 priests and nuns has written philosophy similar to your own," he ex­ to Mr. Carter urging him not to come, term­ plained. "Exile and jail are good for you. treaties and consider that Mr. Carter's visit is, in the words of one group, "the climax to ing the treaties "injust, imposed and im­ Don't be scared of them.'' In his 47 years of moral," and noting that the absence of pub­ political activity, he has spent much longer an injustice." Some leftist student organizations are lic protests against them was the result of in exile and jail than in office. "the public's sense of impotence and the lack Born into a middle-class family in Pe­ planning demonstrations against the visit this week and have already sprayed walls of sufficient freedom." nonme, Cocle Province, on Aug. 15, 1901-two Former President Arias, who has returned years before the United States promoted Pan­ in the capital with such slogans as "Carter go home!" "Don't come Carter!" and "Pan­ to the center stage of Panamanian politics ama's independence from Colombia in order for the first time in a decade, is not opposing to build the canal-Dr. Arias attended high ama si, Carter no!" Every morning, govern­ ment workers can be seen painting over the the visit. "I think it's convenient," he said school in Binghamton, N.Y., graduated with in an interview, "because if their is repres­ a degree in science from the Uni verst ty of sign~ . Some dollar bills, which serve as Pan­ ama's paper currency, have also appeared sion of protesters, it will hasten the day that Chicago and as a physician from Harvard, the people will rise up against the regime.''e doing his internship at Boston City Hospital stamped in red ink with the words, "Carter out of PanJma!" before returning to Panama in 1925. More significant, however, is the impor­ LED COUP IN 1931 tance Mr. Carter's visit has assumed in terms THE TRUTH ABOUT TEXAS AIR In 1931, he led a successfu! coup against of internal Panamanian Politics, with both TRANSPORTATION President Juan Demosthenes Arosemena, officials and opposition leaders seeing it as then spent most of the 30's in Europe study­ a crucial Alnerican endorsement of the au­ ing and representing Panama as a diplomat. thoritarian Torrijos regime at a time when it HON. DALE MILFORD In 1939, he returned here and ran success­ is being buffeted by growing domestic criti­ OF TEXAS fully for the presidency the following year. cism. Although suspected of pro-Nazi sentiments On Saturday, 100,000 people crowded down­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and considered too nationalist by the United town Panama City to welcome home from Wednesday, June 14, 1978 States, Dr. Arias laid the foundation for his exile former President Arnulfo Arias Madrid, popularity in the 12 months before he was who was overthrown by the National Guard • Mr. MILFORD. Mr. Speaker, recently, overthrown, creating a social security system, in October 1968. The reception turned into several newspaper articles and editorials giving the vote to women and strengthening the largest anti-Government demonstration have been printed in Texas concerning labor laws. in a decade, with Dr. Arias cheered wildly for H.R. 12611, the Air Services Improve.:. Jail and exile followed until his "second his speech attacking both General Torrijos ment Act of 1978-popularly known as coming" in the late 1940's when 18 months and the new canal treaties. The Government the deregulation bill. These articles were passed before his victory in the 1948 elections apparently is hoping that a bigger turnout was recognized. In May 1951, however, he was for the United States President will suggest generated initially by a press release again deposed by an alliance of the National that General Torrijos is more popular than issued on March 24 , 1978 by the chairman Guard and wealthy families. his principal political challenger. of the Texas Aeronautics Commission He ran once more for office in 1964 and The Government-controlled press has impact studies of potential precautions are taken to adequately pro­ mining, this executive admitted that he has coastal sites for manganese nodule processing tect the ocean environment. changed his mind because he now believes centers, or other shore-based fac111ties for Since the Murphy-Breaux deep sea that under the Carter Administration the ships at sea, give indications of the needs mining bill

to report on the verifiability of arms control THE ACDA REPORT ON SALT II VERIFIABILITY penetrate security that is designed to conceal provisions prior to the actual conclusion of In spite of the opportunity it afforded not merely certain characteristics of military an agreement. Speaking in favor of the Congress for involving itself in the negotia­ systems, but, in the extreme-yet vital-case, amendment of which he was chief sponsor, tion of SALT II, the Derwinski Amendment their very existence. Re-presentative Edward Derwinski (R-Ill.) has only recently figured in preliminary For reasons that are not altogether easy emphasized that "when we speak of verifica­ skirmishes tetween Congress and the Ad­ to understand, this aspect of verification tion we are speaking of a political problem," ministration over the shape of a new agree­ policy has been a subject of controversy with­ and went on to state: ment. On February 1, 1978, the Senate For­ in the U.S. government. Indeed, an impor­ The purpose behind the amendment is my eign Relations Committee requested ACDA tant purpose of the Derwinski Amendment recognition of what I consider to be the to submit a report on the verifiab111ty of the was to ensure that ACDA and the intelligence political facts of life; namely, that there is projected SALT II agreement in accordance community take full account of the possi­ in the United States, there is now and has with the provisions of the amendment. Such bility of concealment and deception in ana­ been for many years, a public feeling that a report was duly submitted on February 23 lyzing the verifiability of potential treaty "you can't trust the Russians." Now, whether over the signature of ACDA Director Paul provisions. As the Amendment expressly this is right or wrong we might argue, but Warnke. Unclassified portions of the report states: " ... in assessing the degree to which the fact is that feeling is there. If this is a were release-d by the Committee on the fol­ specific elements of any arms control pro­ true public feeling, obviously to meet this lowing day. posal can be verified . . ., it should be as­ public concern, if we can demonstrate to the While indicating that a final assessment sumed that all measures of concealment not public that the verification procedures are of SALT verifiability was not yet possible, the expressly pro~ibited could be employed and thorough, they are exact, that Congress is ACDA report unequivocally stated that the that 'standard practices' could be altered so fully informed, this will go a long way toward proposed agreement as a whole as well as its as to impede verification." This requirement easing the instinctive opposition and doubt individual provisions are "adequately verifi­ had been recognized in a policy statement on about any treaties or agreements that are able." It admitted that "the possibillty of verification issued by ACDA in early 1976- worked out. some undetected cheating in certain areas which also provides the best commentary on Elsewhere in his remarks, Derwinski noted exists," but argued that such cheating could the somewhat cryptic language used in the that one of the purposes of the amendment not significantly affect the strategic balance, Amendment. But it was apparently felt that was "the need to keep verification uppermost and that any uncertainties would be- neu­ the policy in this area was not sufficiently in everyone's mind at a time when we are tralized or compensated by "the fiexibil1ty in­ known, or was not being (or might not in on the verge of negotiating a new SALT herent in our own programs." Remarkably, the future be) adequately implemented by agreement." the report stressed the "experience" gained those responsible for assessing verifiability or by t'he U.S. intelligence community in mon­ for the programming of U.S. verification as­ The Derwinski Amendment clearly reflected sets. It is not clear to what extent the recent a certain uneasiness on the part of Congress itoring the SALT I agreements and the abil­ ity it had "demonstrated" to monitor them ACDA report complies with the Amendment at the Carter Administration's lack of experi­ on this paint. ence as well as its predilections relative to with high confidence. It did not even men­ SALT and arms control matters in general. tion in this connection either the obvious THE QUESTION OF POLITICAL SIGNIFICANCE Yet, the wide support it received also sug­ and substantial differences in the verification What is perhaps most seriously wrong with gested a new Congressional sensitivity to tt e requirements of SALT II and the original mil1tary significance as a test of the adequacy potentially explosive political repercussions agreements or the public distress over alleged of verification is that it fails to take account of verification decisions, particularly in the Soviet violations of those original agree­ ments. of the political function of verification, and context of SALT. As Derwinski put it, the of the fact that the military significance of "political facts of life'' were that many The released portions of the ACDA report a violation cannot be assumed to coincide Americans were unwilling to trust the Rus­ contain only a general assessment of SALT with its political significance in all or even II verifiab111ty, and say little or nothing sians to any significant degree. What was in most cases. A treaty provision that is ade­ about particular limitations. The contents of certainly in Derwinski's mind, and in that quately verifiable from the point of view of of other Congressmen, was the thought that the report as a whole are, however, clearly controversial, and seem unlikely to satisfy detecting violations of an agreement might many Americans were, if anything, less will­ be less than adequately verifiable from the ing to trust the Soviet Union than had been those critics in Congress and elsewhere who the case in the recent past, or that a change are most sensitive to the political importance point of view of building domestic or inter­ had occurred in the American mood. · of verification. One Senate aide was quoted national confidence in its viab111ty. This will be particularly the case where an agreement Americans had been hearing for some time as calling the report "wholly inadequate" and "not a serious piece of work." Hearings bears a political burden beyond that nor­ that the Soviets were circumventing, if not mally associated with arms control as such. actually violating, the terms of the SALT I on verification are reportedly to be held at agreements. They were discovering that the some- point by the Senate Armed Services SALT is the obvious illustration of such a Soviets appeared committed to increasing Committee. political burden. By making SALT I the cen­ their military power relative to the United THE POLITICS OF VERIFICATION terpiece of detente, the United States (and States without regard for what many under­ The verification requirements of the the Soviet Union) ensured that the question stood to be the requirements of arms con­ United States differ fundamentally from of verification would assume unusual impor­ trol and detente, were devoting to that task those of the Soviet Union, and a grasp of this tance in domestic disputes over foreign pol­ n. much greater share of state expenditures difference is essential for understanding the icy. By looking to SALT II to sustain detente than had previously been thOUrJht, and politics of verification. The United States is itself, the United States ensured that Soviet .Eeemed prepared to take advantage of their an open society, and is constantly striving to compliance with the agreements would be newly acquired strength to challenge Amer­ become more open. Much military informa­ viewed as a crucial indicator of Soviet atti­ ican interests in areas remote from their tion is readily available; and be-cause Ameri­ tudes and intentions generally, and hence own country (such as Angola). In the past, cans do not have the habit of secrecy, much that any evidence of any breach of the agree­ the American public by-and-large had been more can be inferred, or acquired with only ments would threaten to call into question encourage-d to look at arms control as an modest efforts. The Soviet Union is by con­ the basis of the U.S.-Soviet relationship and integral part of detente-that is, of a new trast a closed society, and if not constantly indeed of U.S. foreign policy as a whole. sort of relationship with the Soviet Union striving to become more closed, it is at any This is not to argue that future SALT based on mutual accommodation and an en­ rate singularly resistant to pressures-for­ hanced def!ree of mutual trust. Indee-d, it agreements will not be acceptable to the seemed to be detente that made arms con­ eign or domestic-for openness . . . American public unless verifiable in some trol (or at least strategic arms control) both Given the nature of the Soviet regime, the demonstrably foolproof way. It is to argue possible and desirable. Yet the detente re­ United States cannot assume that deliberate that assessments of the verifiabllity of SALT lationship, once calle-d into question by violations of an agreement will not be at­ limitations must be considerably more sen­ Soviet actions (and, indeed, by the pro­ tempted-or that, 1f attempted, they will be sitive to the requirements of domestic con­ nouncements of both candidates in the exposed by a vigilant Soviet citizenry. Thus fidence-building than has been the case in the United States must not only monitor ac­ American presidential election of 1976) , the past. . . . To attempt to secure Soviet could no longer sustain the momentum of tivities and geographical areas that are di­ rectly affected by the agreed limitations, but agreement to a range of confidence-building the arms control process. It was rather the must also seek to assure itself that Soviet measures in peripheral areas-as the Carter momentum of detente that needed sustain­ activities elsewhere or in other m111tary Administration did to some extent in its ini­ ing. That the arms control proce~s itself tial SALT II proposals-without resolving could be relied upon to perform this func­ spheres are consistent with these limitations. Further, the United States must assume that the very real verification problems associated tion was a hope or a ~amble which seemed violations deliberately attempted by the So­ with the limitations that are central to the increasingly to beg the decisive question­ viets would most probably be accompanied new agreement is an approach that is not the question whether it is possible after all by more or less elaborate efforts at conceal­ likely to satisfy Congress or the American to trust the Russians. This new mood of ment and deception. For the United States, public. The sound or politically necessary skepticism seemed to be the primary stimu­ verification is in an important sense more approach may well involve a radical rethink­ lus for the emel'IJence of verification as a demanding than conventional (peacetime) ing of the limits on those systems-primar­ political issue. military intelligence, since it must seek to ily cruise missiles · and their launch plat- June 14, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 17705 forms-that pose the greatest technical dif­ of U.S. officialdom to apologize for, or inter­ of armed forces and armaments and as­ ficulties for verification and are most likely pret away, whatever may seem irresponsible sociated measures in central Europe, and to become contentious compliance issues. or threatening in Soviet behavior. To recog­ nize why this is so would be an important the Indian Ocean arms control talks, the COMPLIANCE AND RESPONSE United States-Soviet talks on conven­ It is necessary to consider briefly the ques­ step toward developing the coherent and tion of compliance and response. The process effective verification policy that is at present tional arms transfers, and the United of determining whether the other party is so conspicuously Iackihg.e States-U.S.S.R. antisatellite discussions. complying with its obligations under an These talks are accompanied by a wide arms control agreement is at least as com­ variety of nonproliferation activities plicated-and generally misunderstood-as SPECIAL SESSION ON :plus the Conference of the Committee on the process of assessing verifiability... . DISARMAMENT Disarmament. The problem of assessing compliance is in­ Like many of my colleagues, I am con­ separable from the problem of response. It cerned with the present state of United is inevitable, and indeed proper, that re­ HON. ELWOOD HILLIS sponse to possible violations of an arms con­ States-U.S.S.R. relations. I believe the trol agreement be governed by political con­ OF INDIANA short term, and perhaps even the long siderations. Response should not be con­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES term-future of Soviet American coopera­ ceived as an automatic process somehow pre­ Wednesda?~', June 14, 1978 tion depends on the current events of the scribed by international law, and still less coming months. Whatever the differ­ as an essentially retributive act designed to e Mr. HILLIS. Mr. Speaker, Tuesday I ences we have with the Soviets they satisfy a public thirst for justice. There had the opportunity to visit the United should not interfere with our mutual are times, then, when evidence of noncom­ Nations and observe first hand the spe­ efforts to control the arms race. At the pliance might be officially ignored or its im­ cial session on disarmament. It is dif­ portance minimized for political or diplo­ same time, however, Soviet involvement matic reasons. Conversely-and this side of ficult at this point to determine if the in Africa must act as a backdrop to any the coin is too often forgotten-there are SSOD will be successful in achieving any arms control negotiations. The Soviets times when evidence of noncompliance meaningful movement toward world dis­ must do more than negotiate in good might be exaggerated for similar reasons. armament. However. I would like to·share faith, they must illustrate a spirit of In particular, it is not necessary (and may some general impressions I gathered peaceful coexistence with the West. Any not always be possible) to attempt to be while visiting the U.N. future aggressions by the Soviets or their "fair" to the Soviets or others by waiting. Perhaps the most interesting develop­ until all the evidence is in and is unam­ proxies can do little but undermine the biguously indicative of a violation. There is ment so far is a loose coalition between entire spirit of detente. no reason for the United States to hesitate the United States and the Soviet Union While I am concerned that the na­ to call something a violation where the evi­ concerning the SALT negotiations. Ap­ tional security of the United States has dence is less than conclusive if it should parently, both countries believe that not always been adequately represented be advantageous to do so; certainly the So­ SALT negotiations are a bilateral matter during our negotiation efforts, I remain viets have not hesitated to make such ac­ and do not wish to permit any substan­ hopeful that the United States and the cusations against the United States. tial. input from Third World nations U.S.S.R. can set an example of peaceful The primary hazard in the U.S. approach who have expressed some disappoint­ to response is not so much that evidence of coexistence and mutual restraint in war­ violations may be publicly soft-pedaled. (In­ ment that the talks aJJ e not more com­ making capabilftfes. History and human deed, this may be advisable for reasons un­ prehensive and axe not moving at a much nature give little encouragement that related to politics-for example, because of quicker pace. Since SALT negotiations total world disarmament can ever be a need to protect some unusually sensitive are highly technical and extremely dif­ achieved. However, if we are able to limit intelligence source.) It is rather that the re­ ficult to handle on a bilateral basis, I the arms race and reduce the threat of quirements of response may affect and cor­ agree with the position that to extend nuclear war to any degree, we will have rupt the process of determining whether the negotiations to Third World nations­ to achieve any goal we can realistically noncompliance has actually occurreASTRONAUTS AND NASA The· importance of response for verification lles in the fact that the deterrent function the Secretary of State's statement of (and hence in some measure also the con­ June 12 will ease the concerns of Third HON. OLIN E. TEAGUE fidence-building function) of verification de­ World nations. For those who are not OF TEXAS pends on the willingness of the verifying aware of the Se-cretary's statement, he IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES party t o respond to violations-that is, to announced that: endow violations or psssible violations with The United States will not use nuclear Wed'7'esday, June 14, 1978 a political 011 military cost sufficient to cancel weapons against any non nuclear weapons e Mr. TEAGUE. Mr. Speaker, I am 8/ny advanta~e the other party might hope to state party to the Nonproliferation Treaty gain from them. It is somettmes assumed pleased to join with my colleagues today or any comparable internationally binding in our Flag Day ceremonies that are that expssure of violations by itself would commitment not to acquire nuclear explo­ bring a sufficiently high political cost to sive devices, except in the case of an attack dedicated this year to our Nation's deter violations, or at least significant or in­ on the United States, its territories or armed astronauts and are in observance of the tentional violations. This view rests on a forces, or its allies, by such a state allied 20th year of the National Aeronautics seriously deluded appreciation of the justice to a nuclear weapons st ate, or associated with and Space Administration.· and intelligence of world opinion and the a nuclear weapons state in carrying out or I believe it is only fitting that this sensitivity of the Soviet s to such opinion, sustaining the attack. and it fails to take account of the frequently body recognize and honor our astronauts paralyzing effect of ambiguities in treaty lan­ I do not expect any major steps toward as they are a group of outstanding Amer­ guage or in the factual evidence. world disarmament from the SSOD. icans who have greatly contributed to For all of these reasons, response is central Nevertheless. the SSOD i$ serving a very the prestige of our Nation. t:> any verification strategy; and if any pre­ special function by beginning the long Mr. Speaker, as you know, the space sumption should exist as to the requirements of response. it is that response should be process of world awareness that the age has played an important role in the active and vigorous. This may- and probably United States and the Soviet Union, history of the United States. It was should- l.ead to compliance challenges that among other nations of the world, are ushered in on OctobP.r 4, 1957 by the are based on imperfect evidence or that over­ currently attempting to negotiate arms Russians with their launching of the state the case. Such challenges always involve control or arms limitation treaties. world's first artificial satellite, Sputnik I. the risk of appearing provocative and of dis­ Whether these efforts will be successful is Our Nation was caught by surprise by rupting otherwise laudable diplomatic proj­ anyone's guess at this point, but at least this remarkable achievement and it was ects. Yet the possibilit y of shifting priorities in this respect is one that will merit serious the efforts are being made. These efforts important for us to immediately respond consideration. include the SALT talks, the comprehen­ to the ch~llenge it represented. I am In general, it i.o becoming increasingly ap­ sive treatv banning nuclear exolosions, happy to have had the opportunity of parent that domestic support for SALT and limiting chemical weapons, eliminating work\ng cJoseJy with the Nation's space for other arma control agreements can no radiological weapons and weapons of program that saw us forge ahead as a longer be maintained by efforts on the part mass destruction, the mutual reduction country to become the first nation to 17706 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 14, 1978 land men on the Moon and return them astronauts in 1963 and has an outstand­ that he is with us today for our Flag safely to Earth. ing record and is one of our most famous Day ceremonies. Mr. Speaker, the Nation's lunar land­ astronauts. It is also my pleasure to And, I am also pleased that we have ing commitment was announced by mention that Mike was just recently ap­ the honor of having with us both the President John F. Kennedy in his state pointed as Under Secretary of the Smith­ present NASA administrator, Dr. Robert of the Union address to Congress on sonian Institution. Frosh, the Deputy NASA Administrator May 25, 1961. He urged that we accom­ Mr. Speaker, two other astronauts who Dr. Alan M. Lovelace, and Dr. Christo­ plish that goal within that decade. are also known to all Americans are with pher Craft, manager of the Johnson I am pleased that we have several us today. They havt the special distinc­ Space Center in Houston. astronauts here with us today who played tion of being members of two Apollo mis­ It is our pleasure to honor our Nation's a major role in our Nation's successful sions that landed on the Moon. astronauts and to recognize all of those achievement of that goal. Astronaut Alan Bean, a member of the with us today. We are proud of the tra­ Less than 10 years after the Kennedy Apollo 12 mission, who landed on the dition of our astronauts and their con­ announcement, and on July 20, 1969, our Moon on November 19, 1969, began his tribution which so enhances the prestige first astronauts stepped onto the Moon astronaut program as a member of the of our Nation. And we know that those and planted our American flag. third group. He is now head of the op­ present NASA officials and current astro­ The activities of Astronauts Neil Arm­ erations and training group within the nauts will continue to uphold that tra­ strong and Edwin E. "Buzz" Aldrin, Jr. astronaut office, working on the devel­ dition of which we are all so proud. on that day were watched by 600 million opment of the Space Shuttle and hopes Mr. Speaker, I applaud this group of viewers on Earth-one-fifth of the world to be assigned to test and fly it in the dedicated Americans and join with the population-on live television transmis­ future. other Members of this body in wishing sion from the Moon. That successful And, all of us here know U.S. Senator them and our space program continued mission was the result of the teamwork HARRISON SCHMITT from the State Of New success as we work toward meeting the of thousands of American peoole. Mexico. Senator ScHMITT was the sci­ challenges of the future. Mr. Speaker, of the many people who entist member of the Apollo 17 mission And, Mr. Speaker, it is aLso my pleas­ contributed so greatly to the success of that landed on the Moon on December ure to have this opportunity to extend the Apollo 11 mission, none made a more 11, 1972. As a member of the last of the my personal appreciation to all of the diverse and interesting contribution than Apollo missions, Senator ScHMITT con­ NASA team for a job well done over the those astronauts who pioneered in the tributed greatly to the wealth of our past 20 years.• Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo programs. scientific knowledge of the Moon surface. Today, we have with us two of the origi­ Dr. Joseph Allen served as mission nal group of seven astronauts who were scientist while a member of the astro­ THE PRESS PROTECTION ACT OF selected for the Mercury program. naut support group for Apollo 15. He is 1978 United States Senator JoHN GLENN of doing an outstanding job for the space Ohio is here With us today and is re­ agency and the .Congress in his work as HON. DAVID L. CORNWELL membered as the second American in NASA Assistant Administrator for Leg­ space and our first astronaut to fly a sub­ OF INDIANA islative Affairs, and we are all pleased IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES orbital mission. We will remember the to have him with us today. feeling of national pride brought about Mr. Speaker, Astronaut Joe Engle, one Wednesday, June 14, 1978 by his Friendship 7 flight. of the 19 astronauts selected by NASA e Mr. CORNWELL. Mr. Speaker, I rise Another Mercury astronaut who is in 1966, is here with us today. He was a in strong support of H.R. 12952, "The well known to all Americans is here with backup lunar module pilot for the Apollo Press Protection Act of 1978," which us today. Donald ''Deke" Slayton joined 14 mission and was commander of one of would strike down the Supreme Court's the original astronaut team and was the two crews who flew the Space Shut­ ignominious decision in Zurcher against chosen to fly the Mercury Atlas flight. tle approach and landing test flights Stanford Daily News. Under this deci­ A few days before the mission flew, from June through October 1977. We are sion. police officials, armed with a search Deke was grounded from flying of a proud of him and his important con­ warrant based on probable cause, would heart difficulty. Although grounded. he tribution. be allowed to search any third party never wavered from his commitment to Mr. Speaker, it is also good to recog­ property whether occupied or not by the the space program and provided his ex­ nize that astronaut Richard Harrison third party. The "Press Protection Act of cellent leadership to the manned space Truly is among those present. As we 1978" shall deem "unlawful any person program throughout the years. We were know, he transferred into the astronaut acting under color of law, without a prior all pleased that Deke regained his flying corps from the Manned Orbiting Labo­ adversary court proceeding, to search status and became a member of the crew ratory in 1969. His record is also out­ any place or seize any things" pertaining of the Apollo-Soyuz mission. He is now standing and includes service as a mem­ to the print of broadcast media, unless actively involved in the shuttle program. ber of the support crew of the Apollo­ accompanied by a warrant issued upon Lt. Gen. Thomas Stafford, now Dep­ Soyuz. Also, he was a member of the probable cause that said person has com­ uty Chief of Staff in Research and De­ crew who flew the Space Shuttle ap­ mitted or is committing a crime. velopment, U.S. Air force, is also with us proach and landing test flights from It is in the High Court's 5 to 3 decision today. As we all remember, Tom was June through October 1977. that one can see the flagrant disregard chosen as a member of the second group Our astronaut program work con­ for the sacred rights promulgated by our of astronauts and contributed greatly to tinues today while the Space Shuttle is forefathers in the Constitution and Bill the space program. He was a member of being readied for flight. And, I was of Rights. Throughout its history, the Su­ the Gemini 6 flight which performed pleased that a new group of astronauts preme Court has strived toward broad the first rendezvous in space with the were recently chosen by the National interpretations of the Constitution and already orbiting Gemini 7 group. He Aeronautics and Space Administration. subsequent amendments in the penum­ made his second flight as command pilot We have three astronauts from that bra of the 1st and 14th amendments, of the Gemini 9 mission and he flew the group with us today and it is a pleasure specifically concerning privacy and due Apollo 10 mission, the first comprehen­ to recognize them. They are Capt. process of law. The High Court's recent sive lunar-orbital test of an Apollo lunar James Buchli, Mr. Stanley Griggs, and narrow construction of the fourth module. He was the commander of the Dr. Judy Resnik. amendment rebuttals decades of liberal Apollo-Soyuz. He is a man of great abil­ Mr. Speaker, it is also an honor to interpretations. ity and.now serves our country in a most have with us today several outstanding important office with the same dedica­ former and present NASA officials. Writing for the Court, Mr. Justice tion that was his throughout his years Former NASA administrator, James White stated: with the astronaut program. As the fourth amendment has been con­ Webb, who did so much during the time strued and applied by this court, when the Another astronaut of special distinc­ he served in directing and managing the States reason to believe incriminating evi­ tion is here today. He is Michael Collins programs that culminated in our suc­ dence will be found becomes sufficiently who was the command module pilot for cessful efforts of landing men on the great, the invasion of privacy becomes justi­ Apollo 11, our first lunar landing mission. Moon deserves recognition for his out­ fied and a warrant to search and seize will Mike waE chosen in the third group of standing contribution. It is our honor issue. June 14, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 17707 This amendment will have three major "(B) has qualified to have his name on the The implications of this statement election ballot for any Federal office; and subsequent rulings are ever so effects. First, voters will receive more "(3) the term 'Commission' has the mean­ treacherous. I believe ABC commentator information about the personal char­ ing given it in section 301 (g); and Howard K. Smith summed the recent acteristics, professional background, and " ( 4) the term 'Federal office' has the mean­ court decision best by proclaiming it the issue positions of candidates. Second, ing given it in section 301(c). "worst, most dangerous ruling the Court more exposure to an upcoming electi.on "ELIGIBILITY has made in memory." Prevailing sources will promote a larger turnout. Third, and "SEc. 502. (a) Subject to the provisions of of information which are available to the perhaps most important, a substantial subsection (c) , any candidate in a general press will virtually evaporate from the reduction in mailing costs for all candi­ election or special election for Federal of­ fear of police review. Reporters will be dates would help neutralize the advan­ fice shall be eligible to make mailings of cam­ deterred from recording and preserving tage of incumbency. paign mail in accordance with the provisions How this bill can benefit a candidate is of this section. their recollections for future use if such "(b) Any campaign mail of a candidate information is subject to seizure by local, underscored by the following statistics. The average voting district has some may be entered and mailed as third class State, or Federal law enforcement agen­ mail, at rates applicable to matter mailed cies. But the most outrageous effect of 230,000 voters. If a candidate wishes to in bulk by qualified nonprofit organizations, surprise police searches armed with canvas the district with two mailings, in accordance with the applicable provisions search warrants would be the "chilling postage alone costs 8.4 cents per piece of former section 4451 through former sec­ effect" upon the processing of news in for a total of $38,600 for two mailings. tion 4453 of title 39, United States Code. this country. Policemen occupying a Under the amendment I am offering, ·' (c) ( 1) Any mailing of campaign mail may newsroom and searching it thoroughly mail costs would be just $11 ,000, a sav­ be made by a candidates only during the pe­ ings to the candidate of over $27,000. riod beginning on the date such candidate for what may be an extended period of is nominated or otherwise qualifies as a can­ time will inevitably interrupt the sub­ For a candidate, in particular a chal­ didate and ending on the date of the general pena duces tecum would afford the news­ lenger, with limited financial support, election or special election involved. paper itself an opportunity to locate this provision will make a real difference " ( 2) Any such mailing may be made only whatever material might be requested in his or her ability to reach the voter. to addresses located in the geographical area and produce it. Also, the' subpena would There is no question that the incum­ with respect to which the general election or assure to members of the news profes­ bent goes into an election with a number special election for Federal office is held. of advantages. During his or her term of "(3) No such mailing may be made under sion, third party members not involved this section unless the candidate making such or suspected of involvement in a crime, office, the incumbent has easy access to mailing is specifically identified in the cam­ that their basic rights under the 1st, 4th, constituents through franked mail, news­ paign mail. No such mailing may be made and 14th amendments would be insured. letters, press, and travel. Historically, in­ on behalf of more than one candidate. It is with this in mind that I urge swift cumbents can raise campaign money "ADMINISTRATION passage of H.R. 12952. Actions such as more easilv; in 1976 House races, for "SEc. 503. The provisions of this title shall this directed Nazi Germany during the instance, incumbents raised twice as be administered by the Commission. reign of the Third Reich, and Russia much money as challengers were able "AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS during more recent times. Our civil to raise. "SEc. 504. There is authorized to be appro­ rights and civil liberties have distin­ In a nutshell, the incumbent has priated to the United States Postal Service guished and protected our country from already got the voter's ear. While this bill an amount determine:i by the Postal Service the "gestapo" like tactics of countries will reduce the incumbent's mailing costs to be equal to the difference between the less fortunate in the past, and should for campaign literature, it will not sig­ revenues the Postal Service would have re­ continue to afford us this right in the nificantly improve the incumbent's abil­ ceived if mailings under this title were not ity to contact the voter-the incumbent permitted to be made at reduced rates under future.• section 502(b) and the estimated revenues to already has that ability. What this pro­ be received on mail carried under this title.". vision will do is give the challenger that (b) Title V of the Federal Election Cam­ CAMPAIGN LITERATURE MAILING same ability to contact the voter. paign Act of 1971, as a-dded by subsection COSTS My proposal offers us a chance to neu­ (a) , is repealed effective at the end of fiscal tralize the advantage of incumbency. year 1979.e HON. EDWIN B. FORSYTHE By reducing mailing costs, we will en­ OF NEW JERSEY courage a large turnout of well-informed voters. More importantly, the voters will CHAMBERLAIN HONORS KEMP IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES have the benefit of familiarity with chal­ Wednesday, June 14, 1978 lengers, as well as with incumbents. This HON. RONALD A. SARASIN e Mr. FORSYTHE. Mr. Speaker, today, measure is in the public's best interest OF CONNECTICUT I am introducing a bill which would al­ and I urge my colleagues, in the interest IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES low candidates in a general election for of equity, to support it. A copy of this bill Federal office to mail campaign materials follows: Wednesday, June 14, 1978 as third-class mail, at rates applicable to H .R . - e Mr. SARA SIN. Mr. Speaker, the re­ matter mailed in bulk by qualified non­ A bill to amend the Federal Election Cam­ sults of last Tuesday's California refer­ profit organizations. paign Act of 1971 to provide that candi­ endum on proposition 13 reflect the in­ This provision would drastically re­ dates in general elections for Federal office creasing popularity of tax reforms which may mail campaign materials at reduced curtail taxation. People are concerned duce the cost of mailing campaign liter­ third class mailing rates. ature during election time. A major with the excessive tax burden which all Be it enacted by the Senate and House of levels of government place upon them. party candidate, from the time of nom­ Representatives of the United States of ination until the time of election, would America in Congress assembled., That the Proposition 13 is the product of one such be able to mail items as third-class mail Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (Pub­ group of citizens who were concerned at a rate of 2.4 cents per piece. Under lic Law 92-225; 86 Stat. 3) is amended by enough to take action. current law, the cheapest rate for mail adding at the end thereof the following new Here in the Congress, we have another is as third-class mail at 8.4 cents per title: individual who is concerned enough to piece. "TITLE V-GENERAL ELECTION act. I refer, of course, to my good friend This bill would authorize such re­ CAMPAIGN MAILINGS and colleague from New York, the Hon­ d~?ed rates on a trial basis only; its pro­ "DEFINITIONS orable JACK KEMP. VISions would expire at the end of fiscal "SEc. 501. For purposes of this title- Congressman KEMP has worked dili­ year 1979. Adopting such a measure on "(1) the term 'campaign mail' means gently for congressional tax reductions. an. experimental basis is warranted, I any piece of mail which is mailed by any In particular, he is sponsoring the Kemp­ believe, by the relatively profound effect candidate for the purpose of influencing the Roth Tax Reduction Act, a bill spon­ election of such candidate in a general elec­ sored on the Senate side by Senator it will have on the congressional election tion or special election for Federal office; process. The modest costs of this meas­ WILLIAM RoTH. This act, which I am "(2) the term 'candidate' means any in­ proud to cosponsor, would reduce taxes ure~which I estimate would total ap­ dividual who- proximately $12 million-would be more "(A) ha.s been nominated for election to by an average of 33 percent across the than otfset by its benefits. any Federal office; or board. 17708 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 14, 1978 I have been pleased to note that Con­ II. With the United States prohibited by we address adequately the needs of the gressman KEMP's efforts are being rec­ the proposed terms of the SALT II treaty human race. ognized by many political columnists, from deploying "heavy" intercontinental ballistic missiles, the Soviets are holding The material follows: especially in the aftermath of proposi­ out for permission · to deploy 326 so-called A PETITION TO PRE3IDENT CARTER, THE CON­ tion 13. One exemplary illustration of SS18s each with the abllity to deliver five GRESS, AND THE DELEGATION TO THE U.N. these columns was recently penned by times the payload of our most modern SPECIAL SESSION ON DISARMAMENT John Chamberlain of Cheshire, Conn. ICBM, the Minuteman III. And the Soviets (Signed by 235 Residents of the First Con­ Mr. Chamberlain is a noted political writ­ want concessions for their Backfire bomber, gressional District of Illinois) er, and a constituent of mine. I am hon­ which, despite Moscow's disclaimers, is a The nuclear arms race threatens our sur­ ored to represent such a distinguished "strategic delivery" vehicle capable of cross­ vival and must be halted. The prolonged and astute gentleman. I would like to ing the Atlantic with infiight refueling and U.S.-Soviet negotiations offer us little hope possible landing at Cuban bases. By falsely that the race will soon end if we continue on take this opportunity to insert his column labeling the Backfire as a "tactical" weapon, into the RECORD for my colleagues' infor­ the present course. the . Soviets would avoid counting it against Therefore, we appeal to our government to mation. American strategic bombers in the proposed take an immediate first step by declaring to The column follows: SALT II ceHlngs. the U.N. Special Session on Disarmament KEMP SCORES POLITICAL TOUCHDOWNS Since, in his .estimation, the SALT II that the United States will halt au testing (By John Chamberlain) deliberations favor a deck stacked for the and production of nuclear weapons and benefit of the Russians, Kemp thinks Presi­ The other day I heard Rep. Jack Kemp, wlll call on other nuclear nations to demon­ dent Carter should recess the talks and ntrate e similar -commitment. the Republican congressman from Buffalo, bring our negotiators home. The Geneva N.Y., who wins by margins that reflect a draft text should be thoroughly reviewed by strong blue-collar labor support, ruefully re­ NEW PERILS IN THE ARMS RACE: LOOKING the Executive and Congress with a view to BEYOND SALT II fer to his college career as a physical educa­ "reformulating the American negotiating tion major. All I could say is thank heaven posture." It has been said that people can be divided that Jack Kemp, a pro football quarterback The United States has a good quarter­ into three groups: those who make things of distinction, learned his lo_gic and his ideas back's passing arm in the long-r.ange cruise happen, those who watch things happen, and of strategy on the gridir.on and not in Eco­ missile. If we give that up it woulu be equiv­ those who wonder what happened. You peo­ nomics I, as taught by any number of our alent to keeping Joe Namath on the bench. ple who are here today unquestionably be­ past generation of Keynesians. Jack Kemp, as an old Buffalo Bills' qlllarter­ long to th'e first group-clitical am proud to have this opportunity to par­ tually happ-ens as a result of the legislation science.e ticipate in tbis forum dedicated to your they inftict upon us. One can call a pass concerns that should be recognized as the play with infinitely more chance of success top priorities of the nation. than one can hope to get from a n~w urban For more than 30 -years, we have lived in rehabilitation project. AID HUMAN RACE, STOP ARMS RACE a state of mutual distrust and paranoia with With his direct mind, Jack Kemp, as a con­ the other ranking nuclear power- glaring at gressman dedicated to reviving our indus­ one another across the unthinkable abyss trial system for the benefit of his blue-·colla-r HON. RALPH H. METCALFE of possible nuclear war. In the meantime, constituents, became the first politiclan of OF ILLINOIS other nations have edged or muscled their the past-Keynesian age to grasp the signifi­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES way into the nuclear club. The demarcation cance of Wall Street Journal editorial writer between nuclear power for p.eaceful pur­ Jude Wanniski's path-making book, "The Wednesday, June 14, 1978 poaes and weaponry has become increasingly Way the World Works.'' Wanniski himself • Mr. METCALFE. Mr. Speaker, last blurred. How long can this situation continue takes off from a phenomenon he calls the month I addressed a public meeting in before willful act or accident may torch the Laffer Curve, which is merely common sense the First Congressional District about holoca-ust? Does it have to continue? observation that when you tax something the severe financial impact of the arms I may differ with some of you on the spe­ you get less of it and when you subsidize cifics of what our course should be. But something you get an excess of it. If the tax race on the human race. I was proud to basically, I think we are on the mainline rate is set at 100 percent you will obviously welcome Senator JOHN C. CULVER, who to6ether. It doesn't have to continue this get no production whatsoever. gave the keynote address on "New Perils way. At some point along the parabola that rep­ in the Nuclear Arms Rac·e." The stirring words from Shakespeare's Ju­ resents the realtionship between rates of tax­ The Committee for a Nuclear Overklll lius Caesar are f::lmiliar to all: ation and individual incentives there is a Moratorium (NOMOR) sponsored the "There is a tide in the affairs of men, point that will result in the best compromise meeting at the Hyde Park Union Church. Which, taken at the flood, leads on to for- possible between tax volume and production. tune; It is the business of tt>e statesman to find Worldwide military expenditures in 1977 totaled $400 billion, reports the Omitted, all the voyage of their life that point--and Jack Kemp, with the bill he Is bound in shallows and in miseries." has co-authored with Sen. William Roth of Stockholm International Peace Research Delaware, thinks a tax reduction of some 30 Institute. Annual worldwide military I think it is time to give this old theme percent across the board would promote a spending is twice as high as the yearly new application: There is a tide in the af­ prosperity that would actually bring a bigger gross nation~l product of the whole con­ fairs of mankind, which, taken at the ftood, volume of taxes into the federal treasury leads on to stability and peace among na­ than we now get at high rates. tinent of Africa, and it is 20 times more tions ... Unheeded, we face the certainty of Jack Kemp's perceptiveness in economics than the total annual development as­ an ever-escalating arms race and the pros­ is matched by his strategic awareness in sistance given by industrialized nations pect of massive destruction of the human the field of foreign policy. Any football to the developing countries. species. auarterback who uses his mind off the field The national resources and human We are, in my judgment, at such a stage as Well as On must realize that the Object talent which are now used to increase in the present hour. SALT II, the Strategic of any contest in geographical space must Arms negotiations with the Soviet Union, be to turn the opponent's ftank if one can­ military spending and to accelerate the are the most important national security dis­ not crash through his center. The Soviets, arms race should be directed to the eco­ cussions of our era. with Cubans running interference, are cur­ nomic and social development of our The success of these negotiations will rently attempting to turn the southern people. stand as a symbol to the other nations of flank of the West European NATO nations The manufacture, research, and de­ the world, encouraging them along the path in Africa. They are getting away with it. velopment of all nuclear weapons, in­ of arms restraint and peace. If they should Meanwhile, at the SALT II negotiations cluding all nuclear testing, must be fail, the mindless race for strategic suoerior­ currently being held in Geneva, the Soviets ity between the two superpowers wlll in­ are concentrating on devising special over­ stopped, and the international arms race evitably accelerate, increasing the pace of the-center passes designed to flummox the must be reversed. military build-up and nuclear proliferation United States defenses at home and special At the meeting, 235 people signed a throughout the world. power plays to crack NATO at some point petition calling for a nuclear :norato­ We have had strategic opportunities in the along the line from the Baltic Sea to the rium. I include at the end of my remarks past for breakthroughs in nuclear arms re­ Adriatic. a copy of the petition text and the ad­ straint--as in the early stages of our MIRV As a congressional delegate to the Con­ production. If we had sought and obtained ference of the Committee on Disarmament dress by Senator CuLVER. agreements for controlling the MIRVing of in Geneva, Jack Kemp figuratively listened Only when we make substantial prog­ missiles at a time when we were far ahead in on the latest Soviet huddles about SALT ress toward reversing the arms race, will in this technology, it is conceivable that we June 14, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 17709 could have avoided the situation we have mutually agreed-upon controls over the ever­ strict ICBM deployments, for example, if today wherein both powers have mighty escalaing arms race. they wanted to put more missiles at sea. arsenals of nuclear missiles equipped with No one can claim that these accords have Thus SALT can reduce the potential mult.i"9le and independently targeted war- brought the competitive arms build-up to a threat and thereby the range of anticipa­ heads. · screaming halt. However, I believe we have tory programs we might otherwise consider Tilere have been other opportunities for laid a foundation for restraint with such necessary. This will free us to perfect a de­ possible breakthroughs in the U.S.-Soviet measures as the nuclear test ban, the non­ fense system tailored to our own needs, re­ strategic impasse that have slipped away proliferation treaty, the agreements prohib­ sources, and expertiae instead of being largely becam:e it was not widely perceived in iting the placement of nuclear weapons in slavishly reactive to what the Soviets are this country that strategic arms limitation is space or on the ocean floor, and, of course, doing next. not simply an idealist's dream, but is in our the ABM treaty in SALT I. While we don't The savage attack on the SALT talks in practica.l, self-serving national interest; and feel all that secure today, it is frightening this country is plainly based on an appeal secondly becam:e many people in this coun­ to imagine where we would be if those co­ to public fear-fear of the unknown, fear of try do not understand that such negotia­ operative steps had not been taken. Against the inscrutable Russians, above all, fear that tions on our part would be made from a po­ the fierce competition for mllitary superi­ this country is slipping behind the Soviets sition of commanding strength vis-a-vis the ority, a momentum toward peace was in strategic strength. We should have both Soviets. established. respect and informed concern about what In his br1stling speech at Winston-Salem, Now we are involved in the second Strate­ the Soviets are doing to improve their mili­ North Carolina, last March, President Carter gic Arms Limitations Talks with the Soviet tary capability, but fear and public hysteria warned the Soviet Union that, with or with­ Union. As a member of the Senate Armed do not constitute a rational foundation on out a new strategic arms limitation agree­ Services Committee and a member of the which to base our all-important national ment, the United States will match the So­ Congressional Committee appointed to security policy. viet defense expenditures and military force observe the SALT negotiations in Geneva, I There is no question about the USSR levels. have been closely involved in. this phase of building their military forces relentlessly "We are prepared," the President said, "to national security policy. and that this must be of continuing concern cooperate with the Soviet Union toward com­ Obviously, no agreement is better than an to us. But the contention that the Soviets mon social, scientific and economic goals­ accord that barters away any of our vital have tipped the strategic balance in their but if they fail to demonstrate restraint in security interests without a counter­ favor simply does not square with the facts. missile programs and other force levels and balancing quid pro quo. I am confident that The Soviets know that we have deterrent in the projection of Soviet proxy forces into we have a strong, tough and extremely well­ power that could retaliate with devastating other lands and continents, then popular informed U.S. negotiating team for SALT. effect even after a first strike. In our triad support in the United States for such coop­ It goes without saying that we in the Senate of strategic weapons-submarines, bombers eration will erode. will examine the fine print with a micro­ and land-based missiles-we have a more "We will not allow any other nation to scope when the treaty comes before the balanced and versatile attack force. We have gain military superiority over us," the Pres­ Senate for ratification. retained strong ties with our regional allies ident declared. But the obsession of the SALT opponents that would greatly add to our strength in Does this blunt talk on military strength in this country, some in high places, that a conventional warfare. signify, as the Soviets angrily shot back, a successful treaty should be all in our favor Moreover, strategic strength is more than shift in u.s. foreign policy away from detente and nothing for the Soviets, is a tragic, military force; there are economic, indus­ and negotiations for arms limitation to a simplistic delusion. trial, agricultural, technological, diplomatic new era of threats and cold war? Governor Averill Harriman, who served as and other factors that contribute to our No, Mr. Carter resoonded. "It's not a threat. U.S. Ambas-::ador in many sensitive interna­ It's just a simple statement of fact." overall capability to wage a major war. The tional negotiations, once said: "The one health, morale and economic security of the It seems likely that, in addition to warn­ ing the Soviets that the U.S. is prepared to indispensable element in any successful people are in the first line of a nation's negotiation is the determination to arrive· ability to defend itself. This is well to remem­ expend any effort and whatever resources are at an agreement." needed to maintain a defense capability sec­ ber when we hear the familiar argument ond to none, the President was notifying the The corollary of this is that no treaty is that any expenditure for military purposes Americans who rigidly oppose SALT and durable that gives one side overwhelming is justified, but funding for domestic social other arms control efforts that the U.S. enters unilateral advantage. There are effective programs should b~ kept at a minimum. At these negotiations from a position of means of verifying what the other side is the present time, the U.S. is first in military strength, not weakness. doing, which I am sure will be written into power, but only fourth in per capita ex­ There is a sizable and highly vocal con­ the treaty. But the ultimate assurance of penditures on education; tenth in per capita tingent in our country who believe that the compliance rests in each side's self-interest expenditures on health; 17th in the rate of Soviets have overtaken us in military power in abiding by the agreement. infant mortality and 20th in overall life and that any conce.::sion we might make in One wonders if the adamant opponents of expectancy. an arms agreement is a sell-out of our na­ any plausible version of SALT II have But to return to our military efforts, we tional security. To them, there is only one thought through the alternative of no treaty. are also constantly modernizing, diversify­ way to go-to constantly build up our m111- With no safeguards of mutual restraint, we ing, refurbishing and moving out front in tary establishment, across the spectrum, would be faced with the prospect of spending research and developmen<; to preserve our matching the Soviets weapon system for tens of billions of dollars just to stay even­ military edge. weapon system and force level for force level. and with no more security than we have now. Recently, two factors have been cited as Most advocates of arms control believe in According to Defense Secretary Harold endangering the U.S. edge in any possible a strong national defense, second to none. Brown, in the absence of a SALT agreement, nuclear war: one is that increased accuracy They are determined to keep it that way. the Soviet Union is likely to have over 3,000 in Soviet ICBMs could make our land-based But within that context, they see mutually strategic nuclear delivery vehicles by 1985. Minuteman vulnerable, and the other that beneficial arms restraint agreements as being That would be 25 percent more than they Soviet civil defense has improved to such an in our national interest, the Soviet national have now and almost 50 percent more than extent that the Russians might feel they interest and in the interest of the entire they would probably have under a new SALT could win a nuclear war. While both factors human race. Otherwise, where does it all agreement. In addition, those weapons, deserve consideration, they have been exag­ end? mostly missiles, would be able to contain the gerated beyond the facts. As the President indicated in his Winston­ latest improvements in yield, accuracy, and Salem speech, the United States has the re­ Defense debates in recent years have been numbers of warheads-all of which would distorted by over-em-phasis on how much we sources to spend at "an increased level (for heighten the fears of surprise attack. military forces) if needed to prevent any ad­ s>Jend vis-a-vis the Soviet Union. rather than versary from destabilizing the peace of the The United States could also raise the ante on what we buy and what it will do to en­ world." But there is another, saner way that in this lethal poker game and position itself hance our own defense capability. We need deserves fair trial, considering the dreadful, nearer the hair trigger for nuclear war. But to develop our own militarv forces in terms dead-end consequences of an uninhibited would either nation be better off to plunge of our own needs and obiectives rather than arms race in this nuclear age. down the mutual extinction path? simply trying to match· the Soviets, dollar In simplest terms, our country has three A firm, clear, self-enforcing SALT treaty, for dollar or ruble for ruble. For examole. it ways to go to safeguard our security. We can on the other hand, would slow down or is sometimes stated that we are falling be­ move unilaterally; we can act under mutual reverse this alarming trend and would chan­ hind because Soviet missiles have greater defense treaties with our allies; or we can nel the competition in strategic weapons "throw-weight" than ours. This is true, but negotiate agreements with our likely adver­ into carefully defined areas. This means that it is a result of a deliberate decision made saries. the margin of uncertainty with respect to by our defense planners, years ago, to opt for In the nuclear era, we relied first on our­ the threats we face would be narrower. In­ accuracy and mobility rather than sheer mis­ selves; and the arms race, as a result, was stead of having to worry simultaneously sile weight. an all-out, unrestrained com-petition be­ about Soviet improvements in all areas­ It is true that Soviet accuracy improve­ tween the United States and the Soviet missiles, submarines, cruise missiles-we ments will likely render the bulk of our Min­ Union. Starting with the test ban treaty in would know that the Russians would have uteman ICBMs hypothetically vulnerable to 1963, however, we embarked on a period of to limit themselves. They would have to re- attack by the middle of the 1980s. Such a 17710 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 14, 1978 development would not leave us defenseless mitted to forget that a parallel effort to con­ to these questions (National Review, April by any measure, of course, since we could re­ trol conventional weaponry is also neces­ 17). Dr. Roberts attacks the myths which taliate-and therefore deter attack-with our sary. condition our attitude with facts. remaining ICBMs, and with our Poseidon and In conclusion, I would point out that the One myth has it that the bulk of taxes is Trident missiles, and with our bombers and Strategic Arms Control Talks with the Soviet ~aid by lower income recipients while high cruise missiles. We built a triad of strategic Union are the centerpiece and symbol of the mcome earners largely avoid taxes. This is forces, after all, as a hedge against any such arms control movement in the world today. in no way supported by the facts. vulnerability. The successful resolution of these ne­ In 1975, the top 5 percent of income recip­ According to an unclassified study by the gotiations will spur other initiatives for arms ients- those with adjusted gross income of Congressional Budget Office, even a totally restraint throughout the world. $2·9,272 or more-paid over one-third of all surprise attack by the USSR in the mid- to Who can doubt that this is in our national personal income taxes. The top 10 percent late-1980s, using missiles with greater-than­ interest as well as in the interest of all with adjusted incomes of $23,420 or more expected capability, would still leave the humanity? paid almost 50 percent of total income taxes. United States with 4,500 to 8,000 nuclear No matter what we could do to tip the Those with adjusted incomes of $15,898 or warheads for retaliation-at least half of our strategic balance vis a vis the Soviets in more- the top 25 percent-paid a full 72 total current number. our favor, either with or without SALT II, percent of all personal income taxes. And this "worst case" scenario of the So­ the Russhns would still be in a position viets being able to destroy our Minuteman to inflict unacceptable damage on our coun­ HALF PAY 7 . 1 PERCENT OF TOTAL in the years ahead would have to be based on try-only to receive a more completely dev­ Those income earners in the bottom 25 a perfectly functioning Russian war machine astating holocaust upon their own country pero:mt paid less than one-half of 1 percent impervious to shortfalls caused by weather, from our awesome triad of nuclear weapons. of the total. The lowest 50 percent-those faulty intelllgence, inadequate command and At this point, there is no absolute se­ with adjusted incomes ot $8,930 or less-paid control, and numerous other factors. curity for any country in a changing, in­ only 7.1 percent of taxes paid. Compare this As Defense Secretary Harold Brown con­ creasingly interdependent and dangerous with the fact that the top 1 percent pa.id cluded: "Neither Minuteman vulnerability world. The security we have is in deterrent nearly 20 percent of total income taxes col­ nor Soviet civil defense on the scale we can power, stutegic balance and the determina­ lected by the IRS. now see can seriously degrade our basic re­ tion to move toward initiatives for peace. Where does the tax burden lie? taliatory response." The words are still as true as when John Dr. Roberts directs om· attention to the Obviously, arms contt:ol is not simply a bi­ Fitzgerald Kennedy said them: "Mankind fact that in 1970 the lowest 50 percent of lateral issue between the United States and must put an end to the arms race or the income earners paid 10.3 percent of the total· the Soviet Union, nor can it be so considered arms race will put an end to man." in 1975, this group paid 7.1 percent. In con: if we are to make real progress in reducing Do I leave you with a message of optimism trast, the top 50 percent paid 89.7 percent the danger of war. · or pessimism? Neither. But I would hope to of the total in 1970 and a higher 94 percent It is a tragic fact that the world spends leave you with a message of hope. There is in 1976. Further, several million taxpayers about $400 billion each year on armaments. no way to assure that our efforts to control disappeared from the tax rolls after 1970 as Developing nations, struggling with un­ nuclear proliferation and prevent nuclear tax changes favoring low income earners were imaginable problems of poverty, economic war will succeed. If the house is burning legislated. depression, inadequate health and education and we try to put out the fire, we cannot LOOPHOLES DON'T AID WEALTHY ONLy be guaranteed of success. But we see what systems and soaring birth rates, nonetheless How about all those tax loopholes? spend more on their military establishments must be done; we do have a chance, what­ ever the odds may be. And finally, we really In 1977 the Treasury listed 69 tax loop­ than on health and education combined. holes. Of the deductions allowed, for every Take the sad case of Somalia- one of the have no choice but to do everything within our power to prevent the people on this dollar saved by high income earners, the lower half dozen poorest nations in the world. Re­ and middle income groups saved three dol­ buffed by the west in its search for arms and planet from destroying themselves an-d their fellow human beings in mindless nuclear lars. Two of the largest loopholes are the con­ allles, it turned, several years ago, to the tributions employers make to pension plans Soviet Union, which was only too willing to conflict. Thank you for your concern and your effort in this great cause.e and medical insunnce for employees. Accord­ pour in equipment and advisors. Well-armed ing to Treasury figures in 1976, upper income despite its poverty, and strong by comparison taxpayers took about $16 billion in deduc­ with the chaotic condition in its historical antagonist, Ethiopia, Somalia attacked across tions; lower and middle income taxpayers its borders. The Soviet Union abruptly cut were allowed some $50 billion in deductions NO, POOR DO NOT PAY BULK and exclusions. This prompted Sen. Curtis to off its aid to Somalia and joined with Cuba OF U.S. TAXES to prevent an Ethiopian collapse. The United observe: "When I see that the great majority States refused to aid Somalia as long as it of benefits got to people who are not rich, I was in the position of invader. Now the wonder Wh3.t the tax reformers are up to:· HON. LARRY M~DONALD What about capital gains? Somalis have retreated wit'ttin their own bor­ OF GEORGIA ders, and after many months of debilitating Capital gains is becoming a central issue in war and countless casualties, they are now IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tax ~3form. The Carter reform proposal is to tax capital gains as ordinary income. This back at square one. Wednesday, June 14, 1978 In recent years Congress has reco~nized would a~ount to a confiscation of capital the folly and danger of the pathological com­ • Mr. McDONALD. Mr. Speaker, one of assets and a very real shrinkage of capital petition between arms-producing nations the persist~nt myths abroad in this Na­ stock, already a potent cause underlying Job­ to sell the most modern instruments of death tion is the one that the poor pay all the lessness and declining productivity. In con­ to any country willing to pay the price. Last taxes and that all the rich folks avoid trast to the Carter proposal, the elimination year, President C!l.rter proclaimed the Ad­ taxes. Statistical studies in recent years of all taxes on capital gains would increase ministration's determination to cut down federal revenues an estimatea $38 billion on these indiscriminatle and constantly grow­ have not borne out this contention. Prof. over the next four years. Attention Mr. Car­ ing foreign military sales. Over the years, we James Green, a professor of economics, ter: This is one tax reform proposal which have ourselves seen the pathetic results of at the University of Georgia, made the should be reversed imm•3diately. arming to the teeth nations in regions of case against this mvth in excellent fash­ In 1977 Americans paid $16.7 billion more traditional enmities an-d potential conflict. ion in his column that appeared in the in taxes than they spent on food, clothing We had the dubious honor of having fur­ Sunday, May 7, 1978, Atlanta Journal and housing. The average American worked nished arms to both sides in the conflicts be­ and Constitution. If any conclusion is to from January through May 11 to pay his tween India and Pakistan and Turkey and taxes. This is more government that we want, Greece. For years now, we and other arms­ be drawn from his column, it is that the need or can afford.e producing nations have been pouring sophis­ rich do pay taxes and that the middle ticated armaments into the volatile Mideast. class is carrying the major share of the The pathological competition between in­ burden, and they are getting tired of it. PERSONAL EXPLANATION dustrial arms-producing nations to sell in­ This was very evident in the recent vote struments of death to any nation that has in California on proposition 13. The the money goes on despite President Carter's column follows: HON. WILLIAM LEHMAN commendable announcement that this coun­ OF FLORIDA try will lead the way in reducing foreign arms No, POOR Do NOT PAY BULK OF U.S. TAXES sales. These, of course, are conventional (By James Green) IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES weapons but included are weapons of the We have April 15 behind us. Our taxes are Wednesday, June 14, 1978 most sophisticated kind, with an enormous paid. Most of us feel naked but breathe kill ratio. Conventional warfare of the future easier now with a sigh of relief. It's over. • Mr. LEHMAN. Mr. Speaker, as a con­ will show frontiers of devastation in Its own Then comes that questioning doubt. Who gressional adviser, I attended the United right as well as providing the likely stepping­ paid the taxes? Did everyone pay his share? Nations special session on disarmament stone to nuclear war. So in our efforts to Economist Paul Craig Roberts who works on June 8 and 9. Because I had to miss restrain nuclear arms, we cannot be per- with Sen. Orrin Hatch tells us the answers some rollcall votes, I would like to list in June 14, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 17711 the RECORD how I would have voted if to plead at the bar of history, and our flag State Department, the Treasury, the White I had been present: shall wear a new 1uster. Once more we shall House and Capitol Hill. And in their midst­ Rollcall vote No. 429, "yea." make good with our lives and fortunes the giving advice, providing information, arguing great faith to which we were both, and a strategy-were Michael L. Hall, president· of Rollcall vote No. 430, "yea." new glory shall shine in the face of our Great Plains Wheat Inc., an influential orga­ Rollcall vote No. 431, "nay." people. nization of wheat interests; Joseph Halow, Rollcall vote No. 432, "yea." head of the North American Export Grain Rollcall vote No. 433, "aye.'' Just across the bridge, in Arlington, Association, which include's the nation's most Rollcall vote No. 434, "yea." Va., we have erected a memorial to six powerful grain traders and exporters; Don A. Rollcall vote No. 435, "yea." • brave servicemen who risked their lives Woodward of the National Association of on Iwo Jima in 1945 to keep our banner Wheat Growers, and Eugene B. Vickers of the flying. Three of those men also died on Western Wheat Association. Iwo Jima. Nearby, in Arlington National The presence of industry members at LET'S NOT FORGET THE IMPOR­ such in terna tiona! negotiations-involving TANCE OF OUR STAR-SPANGLED Cemetery, are the graves of thousands wheat, coffee, cocoa, sugar and other com­ BANNER more patriotic Americans who sacrificed modities-although a longstanding prac­ their lives for everything Old Glory tice, has touched off fresh debate. stands for. Both farmers and some Congressmen ques­ HON. HENRY J. HYDE The brilliant Henry Ward Beecher tion the wisdom, as well as the propriety, of OF ILLINOIS once said: allowing trade interests to fill nearly all of the non-Government seats at the bargain­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES A thoughtful mind when it sees a nation's flag, sees not the flag, but the nation itself. ing table. The twin specters of undue in­ Wednesday, June 14, 1978 And whatever may be its symbols, its in­ fluence and inside information have been raised. • Mr. HYDE. Mr. Speaker, today, June signia, be reads chiefly in the flag, the government, the principles, the truths, the Industry and the Government defend the 14, is a special day for this country but history that belong to the nation that sets business role. At Geneva, Dr. Hathaway says, one which, unfortunately, receives too it forth. The American flag has been a sym­ industry members were "helpful" on two little attention. Today we honor our bol of Liberty and men rejoicing in it. counts: "They have technical knowledge of Nation's flag-Old Glory. There was a The stars upon it were like the bright how wheat is sold and traded. If you inad­ time-and not so long ago-when our morning stars of God, and the stripes upon vertently mess up the way they do business, beautiful flag would have been prom­ it were beams of morning light. As at early you could impede trade flows. And, they inently displayed on this date waving in dawn the stars shine forth even while it gave us some parameters of what the growers grows light, and then as the sun advances consider acceptable." the breeze in front yards and on porches Dr. Hathaway also says nothing that took throughout the country. Unfortunately, that light breaks into banks and streaming lines of color, the glowing red and intense place in Geneva last winter was "market­ that does not seem to be the case any­ white striving together, and ribbing the sensitive" and that industry members "do more. Has patriotism gone the way of horizon with bars effulgent, so, on the not have access to everything I have access the front porch? Are both considered American flag, stars and beams of many­ to." Price thresholds that would trigger cer­ obsolete? colored light shine out together ... tain activities under the agreement are among the most potentially sensitive infor­ Old Glory is an important part of our Our flag deserves our love, our rever­ mation, but they will be proposed, Dr. Hath­ history; she represents a nation dedicat­ ence and our respect. She is a glorious away says, following a "decision by the Ex­ ed to independence, freedom, and justice. banner representing, in the words of ecutive Branch, not by the producers." Born as the bar.ner of an infant repub­ Francis Scott Key, "the home of the Still, the subject is complex. Last Novem­ lic, she is a symbol of over 200 years of brave and the land of the free." There ber, it was disclosed that for more than 15 growth and liberty for our country. Her are many people in this world today who years the American coffee industry main­ stripes remind us of the 13 original col­ wish they were fortunate enough to sa­ tained a largely unpublicized position close onies and of our forefathers whose wis­ to the Governm<;)nt officials who negotiate lute the same flag we salute, and to live international coffee agreements. So influen­ dom, perseverance and foresight forged in the land which she represents.• tial were the industry officials, according to the way toward a United States of Amer­ one Treasury Department memorandum, that ica made up of 50 diverse States, each THE ROLE OF GRAIN TRADERS they helped dissuade the Government from represented on our flag, and over 200 see~dng an international stockpile to stabilize million people. Old Glory is a symbol of AND EXPORTERS supply and thus avert price increases. a pledge made for all of us by our fore­ Representative Frederick W. Richmond, a fathers: HON. RICHARD NOLAN Brooklyn Democrat who heads the House . . . we mutually pledge to each other Subcommittee on Domestic Marketing, Con­ our Lives, our Fortunes, and our sacred OF MINNESOTA sumer Relations and Nutrition, says business Honor. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES not only exerts inordinate influence in set­ ting Government policy on commodity agree­ She is a mighty symbol to people Wednesday, June 14, 1978 ments but also regularly obtains inside in­ everywhere of a sovereign nation, a • Mr. NOLAN. Mr. Speaker, today's New formation from which it could profit. great democratic Republic. York Times carried an article regarding ACCESS TO DATA CITED On Flag Day in 1917, only a few the role of grain traders and exporters in The General Accounting Office, the inves­ months after the United States entered the Geneva negotiations for a new inter­ tigative arm of Congress, at the request of World War I, President Wilson spoke national wheat agreement. Farmers, the the House subcommittee, recently reported eloquently on the meanin~ of our flag article states, have been kept away from some of the problems arising from indus­ and what our banner stands for: try's role as advisers to commodity-negotia­ the negotiations while wheat industry ting teams. This flag, which we honor and under which officials maintain a cozy relationship we serve, is the emblem of our unity, our The G.A.O. said some of the information with the U.S. negotiating team. generated at the wheat negotiations, for ex­ power, our thought and purpose as a nation. Under such circumstances, the U.S. It has no other character than that which ample, was "not normally available to the we give it from generation to generation. negotiating team inevitably acquires a general public" but was provided to indus­ The choices are ours. It floats in majestic rather parochial orientation, believing try representatives, including classified infor­ silence above the hosts that execute those that what is good for the wheat industry mation for which they did not have proper choices, whether in peace or in war. And must be good for wheat farmers. Little security clearance. They also had access to yet, though silent, it speaks to us-speaks wonder that the farmers' interest in a the following: to us of the past, of the men and women fair price continues to be undermined Policy proposals by the Agriculture Depart­ who went before us, and of the records they ment, including possible elements of new by the cheap food mentality which pre­ wheat agreements are proposed measures to wrote upon it. vails among U.S. negotiators. We celebrate the day of its birth; and from be taken by the United States Government its birth until now it has witnessed a great The article follows: under "specified market conditions." history, has floated on high the symbol of INDUSTRY ROLE SCORED IN TRADE TALKS Policy proposals of other grain-importing great events, of a great plan of life worked (By Michael C. Jensen) end grain-exporting countries. out by a great people ... The scene was Geneva. A high-level Furthermore, the report said, wheat-indus­ Woe be to the man or group of men that American team led by Dale E. Hathaway, try advisers were limited to individuals rep­ seeks to stand in our way in this day of high Assistant Secretary of Agriculture, was resenting Great Plains Wheat, Western resolution when every principle we hold negotiating a new international wheat agree­ Wheat, the National Association of Wheat dearest is to be vindicated and made secure ment. Growers and the North AmericQ,n Export for the salvation of the nation. We are ready Team _members included officials from the Grain Association. 17712 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 14, 197.8 "Though other organizations have ex­ nental Grain Company, the Bunge Corpora­ inserting in lieu thereof "1.043" and by strik­ pressed their desire to be considered for ad­ tion, the Garnac Grain Company and the ing out "22.68" and inserting in lieu thereof visory positions," the report said, "their in­ Louis Dreyfus Corporation, five industry "8.5". put has been limited to attendance at public giants. SEc. 3. (a) The one-dollar coin authorized sessions in Washington." Among the organi­ After characterizing the negotiating posi­ by section 101(c) of the Coinage Act of 1965, zations that said they wanted to participate tions of the Canadian, Australian, Soviet and as amended by section 2, shall bear on the as accredited members of the American dele­ European delegations, he observed that there obverse side the likeness of Susan B. gation, but were · not accepted, are Bread appeared to be "very little-if any-chance Anthony. for the World, a citizens' lobby on hunger and the conference wm produce any substantive (b) Subject to subsection (a) and the poverty, and the National Farmers Union. agreement on sharing of the responsibility limitations contained in section 3517 of the EFFORT TO KEEP FARMERS OUT SEEN for world stocks." Revised Statutes, as amended (31 U.S.C. From time to time, Mr. Halow leaves the 324), the Secretary of the Treasury may Despite the presence of some farm groups negotiations, and members of his organiza­ prescribe such design for the one-dollar coin as advisers, Robert G. Lewis, national secre­ tion take his seat. Robert W. Kohlmeyer of authorized by section 101(c) of the Coinage tary and chief economist for the National Cargill, for example, sat in Mr. Halow's Act of 1965, as amended by section 2, as he Farmers Union, says there has been a "stud­ chair in Geneva for a time, as did Richard deems appropriate. ied effort to keep farmers from being on the Carter, a vice president of Continental. Mr. SEc. 4. Section 203 of the Act of Decem­ inside." Carter is currently in London with the Gov­ ber 31, 1970 (31 U.S.C. 324b), is amended "We probably represent more wheat farm­ ernment's "interim committee" on wheat, by striking out "initially" and by inserting ers than any other organization in the coun­ which is led by Thomas R. Saylor of the "(d)" after "f:ection 101". try," he added. A former Government of­ Department of Agriculture. SEc. 5. Until January 1, 1979, the Secretary ficial, Mr. Lewis in 1962 headed the American Mr. Kohlmeyer says he participates be­ of the Treasury may continue to mint and delegation to Geneva. Now he cannot get a cause the Government needs technical issue one-dollar coins authorized under sec­ seat. The non-Government advisers to the expertise and because it is "valuable to my tion 101 (c) ( 1) of the Coinage Act of 1965, current negotiating team, he says, "primarily employer, Cargill, to have results of negotia­ as such section was in effect immediately represent the trading companies." tions which are beneficial to United States prior to the date of enactment of this Act.e The G.A.O. report also said "nonaccredited agriculture." e persons" whom it did not identify from the wheat industry had participated in the nego­ ENERGY IMPORTANCE OF PUBLIC tiations, attending the formal sessions as well as the informal discussions that preceded REINTRODUCTION OF THE SUSAN LANDS IN ARIZONA and followed them. No official records were B. ANTHONY COIN LEGISLATION kept of those informal meetings, it said. Providing an assessment of the role of HON. ELDON RUDD trade advisers was Dr. Robert 0. Herrmann, HON. MARY ROSE OAKAR OF ARIZONA professor of agricultural economics at Penn­ OF OHIO IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES sylvania State University (and a former stu­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES dent of Dr. Hathaway, who was a professor Wednesday, June 14, 1978 at Michigan State before he became Assistant Wednesday, June 14, 1978 • Mr. RUDD. Mr. Speaker, last year the Secretary of Agriculture). He sat in on the • Ms. OAKAR. Mr. Speaker, I am rein­ Forest Service conducted a nationwide Geneva negotiations as a "consumer" rep­ troducing my bill, with additional co­ inventory of all roadless and undevel­ resentative. "What gave the trade members such great sponsors, to amend the Coin Ac·t of 1965, oped land throughout the National power and influence," Dr. Herrmann says, to, among other things, place the !)ortrait Forest system. "was the web of information they had that of Susan B. Anthony on the proposed The announced objective of this inven­ the Government didn't. Mike Hall would $1 coin. I am pleased that more than 35 tory-known as RARE II-was to con­ sometimes come back to the hotel and have of my colleagues have joined with me in sider all such land within our national eight or 10 Telexes waiting for him. One sponsoring this legislation, as it is a forests for possible wilderness designa­ night he was talking on the telephone to unique opportunity to recognize and tion at some point in the future. people in the United States until about Millions of Americans object to the 5A.M." honor all women of our great country. Furthermore, Dr. Hermann says, when Susan B. Anthony perhaps more than inclusion of vast additional acreage of price levels enter the discussion, "I can any other woman, changed our lives public lands in the narrow wilderness imagine that it would be extremely tricky. through her single-minded devotion to category. It would be very advantageous for the trade the principle that all Americans must Such designation by the Federal Gov­ to know" about such matters. Still, he said, participate in a democracy. She realized ernment removes this land from mul­ trade representatives in general "had a lot more completely than anyone else that tiple use, where it is available under more to offer to the Government than they in order for the women of America to Government management for recrea­ had to gain" in Geneva. tion, wildlife habitats, timber produc­ ADVANTAGE ACKNOWLEDGED truly participate as Ameri·can citizens, they had to be given the right to vote. tion, grazing, mineral explorati~. and Fred H. Sanderson of the Brookings In­ She spent her entire life working toward commercial development for the benefit stitution in Washington, a member of the of all the people. American grain-negotiating team in 1967, that end. said he did not favor allowing trade mem­ Senator PROXMIRE has introduced The RARE II inventory includes more bers to attend negotiating sessions. They cur­ similar legislation in the Senate, and he than 65 million acres of Forest Service rently attend all sessions, participating fully fully supports this proposal to put Ms. land nationwide. This includes more in the staff meetings and observing but not Anthony's portrait on the new dollar than 1.8 million acres of land in the six speaking at the negotiating sessions. coin. national forests in Arizona. The Forest But Mr. Sanderson acknowledges there is It is important that we utilize this Service has informed me that it will one advantage to allowing trade members to this week issue the first draft of its en­ participate: Congress must ratify any agree­ unique opportunity to honor all Ameri­ ment and is generally sensitive to the desires can women by authorizing the U.S. vironmental statement on the RARE II of the domestic trade so it is important for Treasury to place Susan Anthony's por­ wilderness project, in order to present Government negotiators to know the trade's trait on the new dollar coin. We know their view of the social and economic position early. from a report by the U.S. Treasury De­ impacts of wilderness designation of Trade members concede that they do not partment that she is the overwhelming various land areas. spend weeks of time, and thousands of choice of Americans. Mr. Speaker, I strongly hope that the dollars in expenses, out of an altruistic is Forest Service will promptly return all desire to help the Government. Clearly, they The bill as follows: try to shape the Government's approach to H.R. - Arizona acreage to multiple use, and I commodity agreements, and, in an industry A bill to amend the Coinage Act of 1965 to have requested the Secretary of Agricul­ where up-to-the-minute information is change the size, weight, and design of the ture to order this on the basis of the crucial, they pass the word throughout the one-dollar coin, and for other purposes land's high importance to our energy industry of fresh developments. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of · needs alone. Last February, after the first week of the Representatives of the United States of There are a multitude of reasons not wheat negotiations in Geneva, Mr. Halow of America in Congress assembled, to designate any further Forest Service the North American Export Grain Associa­ SECTION 1. This Act may be cit ed as the tion sent a confidential three-page memo­ "Susan B. Anthony Dollar Coin Act of 1978". land in Arizona as wilderness, but the randum (labeled "Not for Publication or SEc. 2. Section 101(c) (1) of the Coinage energy importance of this land must be Further Distribution") to his association's Act of 1965, as amended (31 U.S.C. 391(c) a top consideration. members, including Cargill Inc., the Conti- ( 1) ) , is amended by striking out "1.500" and The Department of Energy has con- June 14, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 17713 firmed this fact in a recent evaluation of age was designated either highly impor­ Mr. Speaker, I have carefully studied all public lands included in the Forest tant or important to the Nation's oil, this Federal energy evaluation of every Service's RARE II inventory, provided gas, and uranium needs. tract of Forest Service land included in at my request. Another 72 tracts totalling 1,487,990 the RARE II inventory throughout The Department evaluated every tract acres were cited for their "commercial Arizona. and every acre of land that the Forest potential" for oil and gas. I have summarized that information Service is considering for possible future The Department of Energy cited more in a simple chart that shows the impor­ wilderness designation. The land was than 236,050 acres of Forest Service land tance of each tract of land for oil and evaluated according to its importance in Arizona as "highly important" or "im­ gas, coal, uranium, and hydro. for oil and gas, coal, uranium, and hydro, portant" to the Nation's uranium needs, I would like to include the chart at which are vital to provide our future with possible rich deposits of uranium this point in the RECORD. I hope that this energy needs and to help make us self­ for nuclear energy. valuable information has been con­ sufficient in the energy area. This is almost 14 percent of all land sidered by those responsible for the It was the judgment of Department of designated as a "highly important" or RARE II wilderness project. It should Energy officials that every tract of land "important" source of uranium through­ serve as a compelling reason for the Sec­ among the 94 tracts of so-called "road­ out the Nation. retary of Agriculture to immediately less and undeveloped" Forest Service Another 113,080 acres of the Forest terminate consideration of this Arizona land in Arizona is in some way important Service land in Arizona was cited for its land for wilderness, and to return it all to our future energy needs. "commercial potential" for uranium in to multiple use for the benefit of all the More than 28.3 percent of all the acre- the Department of Energy. report. people.

DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ANAYLSIS OF FOREST SERVICE RARE-II WILDERNESS PROJECT IN THE STATE OF ARIZONA

Oil and gas Coal Uranium Hydro No No No No Com- com- Com- com- Com- com- Com- com- mer- mer- mer- mer- mer- mer- mer- mer- yery cia I cia I yery cia I cia I yery cia I cia I yery cia I cia I Gross 1mpor- lmpor- poten- pot en- 1mpor- lmpor- pot en- poten· 1mpor- lmpor- poten- poten- 1mpor- lmpor- poten- poten- Area code and nama acres tant tant tial tial tant tant tial tial tant tant tial tial tant tant tial tial

APACHE-SITGREAVES NATIONAL FOREST

3128 Escudilla Mountain ••• ••••••••• 4, 100 ------X ------X ------X ------X 3129 Black Rivar Canyon ..••..•••. .. 11, 630 ------X ------X ------X ------X 3130 Centerfire . ••.•.... •• ___ __ • __ • 13, 100 ------X ------X ------X ------X 3131 Baar Wallow . •.••••.••••.••••• 9, 590 ------X ------X ------·------X ------X 3132 Nolan . •..•...•.•..••.•.•.•.•• 6, 640 _------X ------X ------X ------X 3133 Campbell Blue ••.•••••••.••••• 3134 Mother Hubbard ______7, 020 ------X ------X ------·------X ------X 2, 100 ------X ------X ------X ------X 3135 Paintad Bluffs •.•.•••.•.•.•.••• 3136 Mitchell Peak ______42,910 ------X ------X ------X ------X 35, 670 ------X ------X ------X ------X 3137 Pipestem .•••••••••••.•••••••• 3138 Hell Hole ______34, 370 ------X ------X ------X ------X 15, 470 ------·-- X ------X ------·------X ---·------X 3139 Lower San Francisco ______------X ------X ------X 3140 Salt House .------i~: N8 ~~~~~~~~~~~:::~: ~ ------X ------· ------X ------X 3141 Hot Air_------X ------: ___ X ------X 3142 Sunset______~~: ~~ ======~ ------X ------X ------X TotaL ------_____ .______324, 940 ______

COCONIHO NATIONAL FOREST

3040 Jacks Canyon ______5, 010 ------X ------X ------X ------X 3041 East Clear Creek ______1, 730 ------X ------X ------X ------X 3042 Barbershop Canyon ______1, 250 ------X ------X ------X ------X 3043 Lower Jacks Canyon ______870 ------X ------X ------X ------X 3044 Hackberry ______24, 910 ------X------X ------X ------X 3045 Wet Beaver ______9,810 ------X ------X ------X ------X 3046 Fossil Springs ______14, OW ------X ------X ------X ------X 3047 West Clear Creek ...• ______33,660 ------X ------X ------X ------X 3048 Strawberry Crater South ______8, 050 ------X •. ------X ------X ------X 3049 San Francisco Peaks ______17,980 ------X .. ____ ------X ------X ------X 3050 Kendrick Mountain ______2,200 ------X------X ------X ------X 3051 Padre Canyon ______9,910 ------X ------X ------X ------X 3052 Sycamore Canyon Wilderness, Conti g. ______2, 650 ------X ------X ------X ------X 3053 Red Rock Secret Mountain ______32,47, 8704EO ______------X ------X ------X ------X 3054 Rattlesnake. ______------X ------X ------X 3055 Walker Mountain .• ______8, 840 ------X ------X ------X ------X 3056 House Mountain ______20, 770 ______X ------X ------X ------X 3057 Cimarron Hills ______5, 2£0 ------X------X ------X ------X 3058 Boulder Canyon ______4, 550 ------... X .. ------X ------X ------X 3059 Strawberry Crater North ______1, 790 ------X------X ------X ------X TotaL ______253, 740 ------.. . . ·- ·------CORONADO NATIONAL FOREST 3109 Chiricahua Wilderness Conti g. __ 60,150 ------X ------X ------X ------X 3110 Whitm ire Canyon ______5, 080 ------X ------X ------X ------X 3112 North End ______23,550 ------X ------X ------X ------X 3113 Mount Wrightson ______25,170 ------X ------X ------X -·------X 3114 Tumacacori. ----~- ______51 , 490 ------X ------X ------X ------X 3115 Pajarita No. L ______10,320 ------X ------X ------X ------X 3116 5, 500 ------X ------X ------X ------X 3117 ~ilr::t~e~t~~======:::::::: 22,510 ------X ------X ------X ------X 3118 8, 480 ------X ------X ------X ------X 3119 ------X ------X Whetstone ______8, 650 ------X ------X 3120 g~~~~~ ~iirsk:======36,610 ------X ------X ------X ------X 3121 Santa Teresa ______27,160 ------X ------X ------X ------X 3122 Winchester ______14,100 ------X ------X ------X ------X 3123 Mount Graham ______55,090 ------X ------X ------X ------X 3124 Galiuro Wilderness Conti g. ____ _ 22,130 ------X ------X ------X ------X 3125 Little Rincon ______11,560 ------X ------X ------X ------X 3126 Rincon Mountains .------62, 930 ------X ------X ------X ------X 3127 Kane Springs ______6, 970 ------X ------X ------X ------X 3200 Bunk Robinson Peak ______740 ------X ------X ------X ------X Total.______458, 190 ______------17714 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 14, 197.8

DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ANALYSIS OF FOREST SERVICE RARE- II WILDERNESS PROJECT IN THE STATE OF ARIZONA-Con~ i nued

Oil and gas Coal Uran ium Hydro No No No Nil Com- com- Com- com- Com- com- Com- com- mer- mer- mer- mer- mer- mer- mer- mer- yery cia I cia I yery cia I cia I yery ciaI cia I yery cial cia I Gross rmpor- lmpor- pot en- poten- rmpor- lmpor- poten- poten- rmpor- lmpor- poten- pot en- rmpor- lmpor- poten- poten· Area code and name acres tant tant tial tial tant tant tial tial tant tant tial tial tant tant tial tial

NATIONAL FOREST 3050 Kendrick Mountain • • •••••••••• 4, 310 - -·-······- ·-··· X ------·········------·-·· X ------···-············· ·X --····-·----· ------X 3060' Kanab Creek ...•••....••••••. • 73,330 (1) (1) (1) (1) - -····-·······-·-·····-· X ------·--·------·-····------X 3061 Coconino Rim .•••..•. ••. •••••• 8, 510 ------X -·········-····---·····-··· ····-··------X X ------·······--·------X 3062 Saddle Mountain • ••.••••.••••• 39, 190 ------X ------·-···------· - X X ------···-----·-····------·-···· X 3063 Red Point.. • •••••• ••.••••••• _ 7, 960 ------·· X --·· ··· ··------··· -·-·-·-···· -· X X ------·-········------·-- X 3064 Big Ridge ______8, 850 ------X ------·-·-····-·-· -···· ···------X X ------·--·-···-·····-···------·-···-·· X 3065 Burro Canyon .•.••••. ••••••••• 20, 510 ------X ------····-······ X X -·····-····-······------·-········-----·-·--- -- X 3066 Willis Canyon ._ ••••••••••••• _. 8, 730 ------X ------·-·· X X ------·-·····-······-···-·------·-······ ··· X TotaL ••• • __ _- -·····-······· 171, 390 • ------····· ···--···· -·· •••••• ______-- · · -· · __ •• •• ___ ••• ------•••••••••• __ ------______•• ______••••••• PRESCOTT NATIONAL FOREST 3080 Juniper Mesa ______9, 770 ------X ------·······------X ------···· X ------X 3081 Apache Creek ______•• ______5, 610 ------···- X ------· X ------X ----·-····--··------X 3082 Connell Mountains ______9, 040 ------·- X ------··-···------X ------· X ------·-·· X 3083 Sheridan Mountain __ •••••• ___ _ 37, 380 ______-- ____ X ----·------· ------· -- X ------X ------·-·-·· X 3084 Gran ite Mountain______------X ------X ------X 3085 Castle Creek ______2:. · :~g ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~-- ~ ------·-··------X ------· X ------····------X 3086 Fritsche. ______•• ____ ._ 14, 660 ------X ·------·-•• ------X ------X ------X 3087 Muldoon • • ______•• ___ _ 5, 160 ------X ------··· X ------X ------X 3088 Woodchute •• •• _____ •• ______5, 540 ------X ------· ---· -----· ------X ------···--- X ------X 3089 Black Canyon ______10, 420 ______•• X Ash Creek ______------X ------·- X -----··------·-···- X 3090 8, 430 ------X ------·· ------•• X -----·-··------X ------X 3091 Grief Hill-1 17 ______12, 280 •• ____ •• ______X ·---····------···--- X ------X ------·- X 3092 Arnold Mesa ______28, 000 ------X ------·--···------·- X ------···--·- X ------X 3093 Pine Mounta in Wilderness Conti g••• • • ______•• ______2, 910 ------· X . ------···- X ------X ------X 3094 Sycamore Canyon Wilderness Contig_ . _. ______8, 280 ( t) (') (') (') ------··------X ------X ------X 3095 Blind Indian Creek • • ______27, 040 ______-· X ------X ------X ------X TotaL •• ------221 , 700 TONTO NATIONAL FOREST

3016 Mazatzal Wilderness Conti g• • • •• 83, 750 ------X ------X -·-······------X -----···------X 3017 Pine Mountain Wilderness Contig 7, 050 ------X ------·-····------X ------•. ·-•• -· ·------· ------·------X 3018 Superstition Wilderness Contig 32,160 ------X ·------X ------X ------X 3019 Sierra Ancha Wilderness Contig_ _ 11, 520 -- ______----•• -· X ------·-···- X 3020 Lime Creek ______------X --···------··------·· X 3021 Hells Gate ______43, 050 ---··------· X ----·-·--- .. ------X --··- ----···-··------X ------X 3022 Salome ______30, 400 ······------X ------X ------···-·-·------X ------··-··------X 30, 470 •• ----•• ------X ------·-·····---·-·-······ X X ------···-·--···-·------·· X 3023 Cherry Creek ______12, 130 -- __ ------X ·--· ------•• ------X X ------·-···----- X 3024 Boulder •• ______45, 000 ------y ------···------X 3025 Four Peaks . ______•• ------X --·····-·---····------X 3026 Goldfield ______55,010 ------·- X ------X ------X ------•• X 16,930 ------·· X ------·--···------·-·· X ------·- X ------X 3027 Black Cross ______6, 290 ------· X ---- -· ------X ------X ------X 3028 Horse Mesa ______10, 450 ______-- __ •• ---- X ------·---·-•. ------•• X ----··-···-·------X ------·--·--·-·-·-·--· X 3029 SaiL ••••••• ______3030 Picacho •• ______41 , 290 ----·-·· ------X ------X -··----- X ------···-·····------X ·------·- X ----···- X ------X 3092 Arnold Mesa •• __ •• ______------X ------X ------X 7, ~~~ ======~ TotaL . _._ ------______433, 020 ______-- · · •• ------____ ------__ ---- __ -- __ ------____ ------··· ______•• ______•• ______Total, State. ______•••• ____ 1, 862, 980 ____ ------______•• __ •••• ____ •••••• --•••••••• -- ______------______

1 Not evaluated. Source : Energy Resou rce Assessments Of Lands To Be Reviewed By U.S. Forest Service In 1977-1978 Road less Area Rev iew and Evaluation (RARE- II), U.S. Department of Energy, Jan. 16, 1978. 52-43N

ANNIVERSARY OF BALTIC STATES' However, the territory of the Baltic lands In addition, the Baltic people have suf­ GENOCIDE DAY became a battleground being first in­ fered from the collectivization of their vaded by Soviet troops and followed by farms and the nationalization of their the occupation of Nazi armed forces. industries. They have suffered religious HON. EDWARD J. DERWINSKI Toward the end of World War II, when persecution and their children have OF ILLINOIS Soviet troops reoccupied the Baltic been subject, through Soviet educational IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES States. the U.S.S.R. illegally incorporated institutions, to Communist brainwashing. Wednesday, June 14, 1978 these three small countries into its huge However, throughout the free world, empire. The end of World War II found the peoples of Estonian, Latvian, and e Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Speaker, 37 the Communists in undisputed and com­ Lithuanian origins have maintained years ago, on June 14, 1941, the Soviet plete control. Tens of thousands of the their traditional civic, cultural, and Union began to execute its policy of gen­ Baltic peoples were killed and over a church organizations and bravely con­ ocide in the Baltic nations. This date million were deported to slave labor tinue their efforts on behalf of their en­ marks the anniversary of one of the most camps in Siberia and other areas of the slaved compatriots held captive within tragic episodes in history-the mass de­ Soviet Union. the U.S.S.R. portation from their lands of Estonians, Hundreds of thousands of Estonians, As a nation, we stand for freedom and Latvians, and Lithuanians by Soviet Latvians, and Lithuanians were trans­ for the right of self-determination. I be­ Russian military authorities. ported frcm f.heir homelands, to be re­ lieve that this is an universal principle These small republics of Estonia, Lat­ placed by peoples from other parts of the and not one that should be applied via, and Lithuania had enjoyed a short­ Soviet empire. This exchange of popula­ selectively. As this is not the case for lived freedom, having secured their in­ tion has substantially altered the ethnic those held captive of communism, it is dependence after the end of \Vorld War I. composition of the Baltic nations. absolutely necessary for the policy of the June 14, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 17715 United States to continue to be that of irresponsible press, a spiritual vacuum-all mined by a system of laws; such limits are nonrecognition o.f the Soviet incorpora­ these add up to a society that has lost the very broad. tion of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania. will to defend itself. People in the West have acquired consider­ These Baltic States were physically an­ A loss of courage may be the most striking able skill in using, interpreting and manipu­ feature which an outside observer notices in lating law, even though laws tend to be too nexed by the Soviet Union and forcibly the West in our days. The western world has complicated for an average person to under­ incorporated into the cluster of its "So­ lost its civil courage, both as a whole and stand without the help of an expert. Any cialist Republics." So far as the Soviets separately, in each country, each govern­ conflict is solved according to the letter of are concerned, Lithuania, Estonia, and ment, each political party and of course in the law and this is considered to be the su­ Latvia have ceased to exist as separate the United Nations. preme solution. If one is right from a legal entities and they are denied their own Such a decline in courage is particularly point of view, nothing more is required, no­ national identity and independence. noticeable among the ruling groups and the body may mention that one could still not be As we draw attention to this tragic intellectual elite, causing an impression of entirely right, and urge self-restraint, a will­ anniversary, we recognize that it is the loss of courage by the entire society. Of ingness to renounce such legal rights, sacri­ course there are many courageous individ­ fice and selfless risk: it would sound simply duty of the United States to support the uals but they have no determining influence cause of freedom so it can be restored to absurd. on public life. Political and intellectual One almost never sees voluntary self­ these lands. The legitimate aspirations bureaucrats show depression, passivity and restraint. Everybody operates at the extreme and the perseverance of the Baltic peo­ perplexity in their actions and in their state­ ments and even more so in theoretical re­ limit of those legal frames. An oil company ples to independence will ultimately tri­ is legally blameless when it purchases an umph over communism.• flections to explain how realistic, reasonable as well as intellectually and even morally invention of a new type of energy in order to warranted it is to base state policies on prevent its use. A food product manufacturer is legally blameless when he poisons his pro­ "THE WEST'S DECLINE IN weakness and cowardice. And decline in courage is ironically em­ duce to make it last longer: after all, people COURAGE'' phasized by occasional explosions of anger are free not to buy it. and inflexibility on the part of the same I have spent all my life under a communist HON. STEVEN D. SYMMS bureaucrats when dealing with weak govern­ regime and I will tell you that a society with­ ments and weak countries, not supported by out any objective legal scale is a terrible one OF IDAHO anyone, or with currents which cannot offer indeed. But a society with no other scale but IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES any resistance. But they get tongue-tied and the legal one is not quite worthy of man either. A society which is based on the letter Wednesday, June 14, 1978 paralyzed when they d::!al with powerful gov­ ernments and threatening forces. with ag­ of the law and never reaches any higher is • Mr. SYMMS. Mr. Speaker, I was very gressors and international terrorists. taking very scarce advantage of the high level impressed with the speech given to the Should one point out that from ancient of human possibilities. The letter of the law 1978 graduating class of Harvard Uni­ times decline in courage ha.:; been considered is too cold and formal to have a beneficial versity by Alexander Solzhenitsyn. I the beginning of the end? in'fluence on society. Whenever the tissue of When the modern western states were life is woven of legalistic relations, there is hope that Mr. Solzhenitsyn's message created, the following principle was pro­ an atmosphere of moral mediocrity, paralyz­ was heard and will be pondered by those claimed: governments are meant to serve ing man's noblest impulses. in policymaking positions. man, and man lives to be free and to pursue And it will be simply impossible to stand I was most intrigued by his observa­ happiness. (See, for example, the American through the trials of this threatening cen­ tions of the national media in the United Declaration of Independence). tury with only the support of a legalistic States: Now at last during past decades technical structure. and social progress has permitted the reall­ Hastiness and superficiality are the psychic In today's western society, the inequality disease of the 20th century and more than zation of such aspirations: the welfare state. Every citizen has been granted the desired has been revealed of freedom for good deeds anywhere else this disease is reflected in the and freedom for evil deeds. A statesman who press. Indepth analysis of a problem is freedom and material goods in such quan­ tity and of such quality as to guarantee in wants to achieve something important and anathema to the press. It stops at sensa­ highly constructive for his courttry has to tional formulas. theory the achievement of happiness. in the morally inferior sense which has come into move cautiously and even timidly; there are Such as it is, however, the press has become thousands of hasty and irresponsible critics the greatest power within the Western coun­ being during those same decades. In the process, however, one psychological around him, parliament and the press keep tries, more powerful than the legislature, the rebuffing him. As he moves ahead, he has to executive and the judiciary. One would like detail has been overlooked: The constant to ask: By what law has it been elected and desire to have still more things and a still prove that each single step of his is well­ to whom is it responsible? better life and the struggle to obtain them founded and absolutely flawless. Actually an imprints many western faces with worry and outstanding and particularly gifted person I would especially like to highlight his even depression, though it is customary to who has unusual and unexpected initiatives statement that-- conceal such feelings. Active and tense com­ in mind hardly gets a chance to assert him­ Enormous freedom exists for the press, but petition permeates all human thoughts SP.lf; from the very beginning, dozens of traps not for the readership, because newspapers without opening a way to free spiritual de­ will be set out for him. Thus mediocrity tri­ mostly give enough stress and emphasis to velopment. umphs with the excuse of restrictions im­ those opinions which do not too openly con­ The individual's independence from many posed by democracy. tradict their own and the general trend .... types of state pressure has been guaranteed; It is feasible and easy everywhere to un­ Without any censorship, in the West fash­ the majority of people have been granted dermine administrative power and, in fact, ionable trends of thought and ideas are care­ well-being to an extent their fathers and it has been drastically weakened in all west­ fully separated from those which are not grandfathers could not even dream about; ern countries. The defense of individual fashionable; nothing is forbidden, but what it has become possible to raise young people rights has reached such extremes as to make is not fashionable will hardly ever find its according to these ideals, leading them to society as a whole defenseless against certain way into periodicals or books or be heard in physical splendor, happiness. possession of individuals. It is time, in the West, to defend colleges. rna terial e-oods. mon~y and leisnre. to an al­ not so much human rights as human most unlimited freedom of en1oyment. So Mr. Speaker, I think that his point obligations. who should now renounce all this. why and Destructive and irresponsible freedom has about reporting only what is "fashion­ for what should one risk one's preclotlS life been granted boundless space. Society ap­ able" gets at the heart of the question of in defense of common values. and p':l.rtic­ pears to have little defense against the abyss the Soviet military buildup and our own ularly in such neb111ou" cases wnen troe se­ of human decadence, such as, for example, national defense. curity of one's nation must be defended in a misuse of liberty for moral violence against I would like to commend the text of distant country? young people, motion pictures full of por­ the Solzhenitsyn speech, as it appeared Even biology knows that habitual extreme nography, crime and horror. It is considered in last Sunday's Washington Post, to my safety and well-being are not advantageous to be part of freedom and theoretically coun­ for a living organism. Today, well-being in terbalanced by the young people's right not colleagues in Congress: the life of western society has begun to re­ to look or not to accept. Life organized legal­ SoLZHENITSYN'S INDICTMENT: "THE WEST veal its pernicious mask. istically has thus shown its inability to de­ HAS LOST ITS COURAGE" Western society has given itself the orga­ fend itself against the corrosion of evil. (By Alexander Solzhenitsyn) nization best suited to its purposes, based, I And what shall we say about the dark An unchecked materialism, timid leader­ would say, on the letter of the law. The limits realm of criminality as such? Legal frames ship, legalism without moral values, an of human rights and righteousness are deter- (especially in the United States) are broad CXXIV--1115-Part 13 17716 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 14, 197.8 enough to encourage not only individual for how long a time and with what preroga­ It is true, no doubt, that a society cannot freedom but also certain individual crimes. tives? remain in an abyss of lawlessness, as is the The culprit can go unpunished or obtain There is yet another surprise for someone case in our country. But it is also demean­ undeserved leniency with the support of coming from the East where the press is ing for it to elect such mechanical legalistic thousands of public defenders. When a gov­ r~gorously unified: one gradually discovers a smoothneEs as you have. ernment starts an earnest fight against ter­ common trend of preferences within the After the sufferin>J of decades of violence rorism, public opinion immediately accuses western press as a whole. It is a fashion; and oppression. the human soul longs for it or violating the terrorists' civil rights. there are generally accepted patterns of judg­ things highe::-, warmer and purer than those There are many such cases. ment and there may be common corporate offered by toda.y's mass living habits, intro­ Such a tilt of freedom in the direction of interests, the sum effect being no competi­ duced b J7 the revolting invasion of publicity, eva has come about gradually but it was tion but unification. lly TV stupor and by intolerable music. evidently born primarily out of a human­ Enormous freedom exists for the press, but All this is visible to observers from all the istic and benevolent concept according to not for the readership, because newspapers worlds of our planet. The western way of which there is no evil inherent to human mostly give enough stress and emphasis to life is less and less likely to become the lead­ nature~ the world belongs to mankind and all those opinions which do not too openly con­ ing model. the defects of life are caused by wrong social tradict their own and the general trend. There are meaningful warnings which his­ systems which must be corrected. Strangely Without any censorship, in the West fash­ tory gives a t hreatened or perishing society. enough, though the best social conditions ionable trends of thought and ideas are care­ Such are, for instance, the decadence of art, have been achieved in the West, there still fully separated from those which are not or a lack of great statesmen. is criminality and there even is considerably fashionable; nothing is forbidden, but what There are open and e.vident warnings, too. more of it than in the pauper and lawless is not fashionable will hardly ever find its The center of your democracy and of your Soviet society. (There is a huge number of way in to periodicals or books or be heard in culture is left without electric power for a prisoners in our camps who are termed crim­ colleges. few hours only, and all of a sudden crowds inals, but most of them never committed Legally your researchers are free, but they of American citizens start looting and any crime; they merely tried to defend are conditioned by the fashion of the day. creating havoc. themselves against a lawless state restarting There is no open violence such as in the The smooth surface film must be very thin, to means outside of a legal framework.) East; however, a selection dictated by fash­ then, the s::>cial system c;uite unstable and The press too, of course, enjoys the widest ion and the need to match mass standards unhealthy. , freedom. (I shall be using the word press to frequently prevent independent-minded peo­ But the fi•,sht for our planet, physical and include all media.) But what sort of use does ple from giving their contribution to public spiritual, a fight of cosmic proportions, is it make of this freedom? life. There is a dangerous tendency to form not a vague matter of the future; it has al­ Here again, the main concern is not to in­ a herd, shutting off successful development. ready started. fringe the letter of the law. There is no This gives birth to strong mass prejudices, The forces of evil have begun their decisive moral responsibiUty for deformation or dis­ to blindness, which is most dangerous in our offensive, you can feel their pressure, and proportion. dynamic era. There is, for instance, a self­ yet your Ecreens and publications are full of What sort of responsibiUty does a journal­ deluding interpretation of the contemporary prescribed smiles and raised glasses. What is world situation. It works as a sort of a petri­ the joy about? ist have to his readers, or to history? Very well-known- representatives of your If they have misled public opinion or the fied armor around people's minds. Human voices from 17 countries of Eastern s::>ciety, such as George Kennan, say: We government by inaccurate information or cannot apply moral criteria to politics. Thus wrong conclusions, do we know of any cases Europe and Eastern Asia cannot pierce it. It will only be broken by the pitiless crow­ we mix good and evil, right and wrong and of public recognition and rectification of make space for the absolute triumph of such mistakes by the same journalist or the bar of events. It is almost universally recognized that the absolute evil in the world. same newspaper? On the contrary, only moral criteria can No, it does not happen, because it would West shows all the world a way to successful economic development, even though in the help the wP~t aqainst communism's well­ damage sales. A nation may be the victim of planneq world strategy. There are no other such a mistake, but the journalist always past years it has been strongly disturbed by chaotic inflation. criteria. Practical or occasional considera­ gets away with it. One may safely assume tions of any kind will inevitably be swept that he will start writing the opposite with However, many people living in the West are dissatisfied with their own society. They away by strategy. After a certain level of renewed self-assurance. the problem has been reached, legalistic Because Instant and credible information despise it or accuse it of not being up to the level of maturity attained by mankind. A thinking induces paralvsis, it prevents one has to be given, it becomes necess9.ry to re­ from seeing the size and meaning of events. sort to guesswork, rumors and suppositions number of such critics turn to socialism which is a false and dangerous current. In spite of the abundance of information, to fill in the voids, and none of them will or maybe because of it, the West has difficul­ I hope that no one present will suspect m~ ever be rectified, they will stay on in the ties in understanding reality such as it is. readers' memory. of offering my personal criticism of the west­ ern system to present socialism as an alter­ There have been naive predictions by some How many hasty, immature, superficial American experts who believed that Angola and misleading judgments are expressed native. Having experienced applied socialism in a country where the alternative has been would become the Soviet Union's Vietnam or every day, confusing readers, without any that Cuban expeditions in Africa would best verification? The press can both simulate realized, I certainly will not speak for it. But should someone ask me whether I be stopped by special U.S. courtesy to Cuba. public opinion and miseducate it. Kennan's advice to his own country-to Thus we may see terrorists heroized, or would indicate the West as such as it is to­ day as a model to my country, frankly I begin unilateral disarmament- belongs to secret matters, pertaining to one's nation's the same category. If you only knew how the defense, publicly revealed, or we may wit­ would have to answer negatively. No, I could not recommend your society in its present youngest of the Moscow Old Square officials ness shameless intrusion on the privacy of laugh at your political wizards! well-knowi'. people under the slogan: "Every­ state as an ideal for the transformation of .ours. As to Fidel Castro, he frankly scorns the one is entitled to know everything." United States, sending his troops to distant But this is a false slogan, characteristic of Through intense suffering our country has now achieved a spiritual development of adventures from his country right next to a false era: people also have the right not to yours. know, and it is a much more valuable one. such intensity that the western system in its present state of spiritual exhaustion does However, the most cruel mistake occurred The right not to have their divine souls with the failure to understand the Vietnam stuffed with gossip, nonsense vain talk. A per­ not look attractive. Even those characteris­ tics of your life which I have just mentioned War. Some people sincerely wanted all wars son who works and leads a meaningful life to stoo just as soon as possible; others be­ does not need the excessive, burdening fiow are extremely saddening. · A fact which cannot be disputed is the lieved that there should be room for national, of information. or communist, self-determination in Viet­ Hastiness and superficiality are the psy­ weakenin>J of human beings ln the West while in the East they are becoming firmer nam, or in Cambodia, as we see today with chic disease of the 20th century and more particular clarity. than anywhere else this disease is reflected in and stronger. Six decades for our people and three decades for the people of Eastern But members of the U.S. antiwar move­ the press. In-depth analysis of a problem is ment wound up being involved in the be­ anathema to the press. It stops at sensa­ Europe; during that time we have been through a spiritual training far in adv.ance trayal of Far Eastern nations, in a genocide tional formulas. of western experience. Life's complexity and and in the suffering today imoosed on 30 Such as it is, however, the press has be­ mortal weight have produced stronger, million people there. Do those convinced come the greatest power within the western deeper and more interesting characters than pacifists hear the moans coming from there? countries, more powerful than the legisla­ those generated by standardized western Do they understand their responsibility to­ ture, the executive and the judiciary. One well-being. day? Or do they prefer not to hear? would then like to ask: By what law has it Therefore, if our society were to be trans­ The American intelligentsia. lost its nerve, been elected and to whom is it responsible? formed into yours, it would mean an im­ and as a consequence thereof danger has In the communist East, a journalist is provement in certain aspects, but also a come much closer to the United States. But frankly appointed as a state official. But who change for the worse on some pF.rticularly there is no awareness of this. has granted western journalists their power, significant scores. Your shortsighted politicians who signed June 14, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 17717 the hasty Vietnam capitulation seemingly Renaissance and found its political expres­ In the East, it is destroyed by tbe dealings gave America a carefree breathing pause; sion from the period of the Enlightenment. and machinations of the ruling party. In the however, a hundredfold Vietnam now looms It became the basis for government and so­ West, commercial interests tend to suffocate over you. cial science and could be defined as ra­ it. This is the real crisis. The split in the That small Vietnam has been a warning tionalistic humanism or humanistic auton­ world 1s less terrible than the similarity of' and an occasion to mobilize the nation's omy: the proclaimed and enforced au­ the disease plaguing Its main sections.e courage. But if a full-fledged America suf­ tonomy of man from any higher force above fered a real defeat from a small communist him. It could also be called anthropocen­ half-country, how can the West hope to tricity, wtth man seen as the center of every­ stand firm in the future? thing that exists. IN PRAISE OF CETA I have had occasion already to say that in The turn introduced by the Renaissance the 20th century western democracy has not evidently was inevitable historically. The won any major war without help and protec­ Middle Ages had come to a natural end by HON. BARBARA A. MIKULSKI tion from a powerful continental ally whose exhaustion, becoming an intolerable des­ OF MARYLAND potic repression of man's physical nature in philosophy and ideology it did not question. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES In World War II against Hitler, instead of favc;>r of the spiritual one. . winning that war with its own forces, which Then, however, we turned our backs upon Wednesday, June 14, 1978 would certainly have been sufficient, Western the Spirit and embraced all that is m~terial democracy grew and cultivated another with exce·ssive and unwarranted zeal. This e Ms. MIKULSKI. Mr. Speaker, the enemy who would prove worse and more new way of thinking, which had imposed House of Representative3 is currently powerful yet, as Hitler never had so many on us its guidance, did not admit the ex­ considering the reenactment of the Com­ resources and so many people, nor did he istence of intrinsic evil in man nor did it prehensive Employment and Training offer any attractive ideas, or have such a see any higher task than the attainment of Act. The CETA system has proven its large number of supporters in the West-a happiness on earth. effectiveness both in aiding the long-term potential fifth column-as the Soviet Union. It based modern western civ111zation on unemployed and in providing immediate, At present, some western voices already the dangerous trend to worship man and his have spoken of obtaining protection from a material needs. Everything beyond physical high-impact stimulus to the national third power against aggression in the next well-being and accumulation of material economy. I believe that the major world conflict, if there is one; in this case the goods, all other human requirements and strength of the CETA system rests on its shield would be China. But I would not wish characteristics of a subtler and higher na­ ability to respond quickly and flexibly to such an outc.ome to any country in the world. ture, were left outside the area of attention national goals. I am concerned that those First of all, it is again a doomed alliance of state and social systems, as if human life strengths are being undermined. Debate with evil; also, it would grant the United did not have any superior sense. That provided access for evil, of which in thus far has focused on scattered inci­ State.;; a respite, but when at a later date dents of abuse in the program. Many of China with its billion people would turn our days there is a free and constant flow. around armed with American weapons, Merely freedom does not in the least solve the new provisions in the CETA bill are America itself would fall prey to a genocide all the problems of human life and it even addressed at curbing those abuses legis­ similar to the one perpetrated in Cambodia adds a number of new ones. latively rather than through effective in our days. However, in early democracies, as in management and monitoring by the De­ And yet-no weapons, no matter how American democracy at the time of its birth, partment of Labor. The new provisions powerful, can help the West until it over­ all individual human rights were granted mJ.y severely limit the flexibility of the comes its loss of willpower. In a state of psy­ because man is God's creature. That is, free­ dom was given to the individual condi­ CETA system to respond quickly and chological weakness, weapons become a bur­ effectively to both national priorities and den for the capitulating side. To defend one­ tionally, in the assumption of his constant self, one must also be ready to die; there is religious responsib1lity. local needs. little such readiness in a society raised in the Such was the heritage of the preceding Prior to full House action on the bill cult of material well-being. thousand years. Two hundred or even 50 (H.R. 12452), I would like to cite some Nothing is left, then, but concessions, at­ years ago, it would have seemed quite im­ of the successes achieved in Baltimore tempts to gain time and betrayal. Thus at possible, in America, that an individual under the CETA program. The Baltimore the shameful Belgrade Conference free west­ cc·uld be granted boundless freedom simply Metropolitan Manpower Consortium has ern diplomats in their weakness surrendered for the satisfaction of his instincts or whims. Subsequently, however, all such limita­ built a national reputation for excellence the line where enslaved members of Helsinki on strong local planning and innovative watchgroups are sacrificing their lives. tions were discarded everywhere in the West; Western thinking has become conservative; a total liberation occurred from the moral programing to meet local needs. Mr. the world situation should stay as it is at heritage of Christian centuries with their Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that any cost, there should be no changes. This great reserves of mercy and sacrifice. several articles about the CETA program debilitating dream of a status quo is the As humanism in its development became in Baltimore be printed in the RECORD. symptom of a society which has come to the more and more materialistic, it made itself The following is excerpted from a ma­ end of its development. increasingly accessible to speculation and manipulation at first by socialism and then jor article appearing in the December But one must be blind in order not to see 1977 i::;sue of the County Manpower Re­ that oceans no longer belong to the West, by communism. So that Karl Marx was able to say in 1844 th.g,t "communism is natural­ pnrt. It describes a program conducted while land under its dom~nation keeps shrinking. The two so-called world wars­ ized humanism." by the CETA prime sponsor in Baltimore. they were by far not on a world scale, not This statement turned out to be not en­ The program attempted, with great suc­ yet-have meant internal self-destruction of tirely senseless. One does see the same stones cess, to test the concepts embodied in the small progressive West which has thus in the foundations of a despirtualized hu­ present welfare reform proposals, and prepared its own end. The next war-which manim and of any type of socialism: end­ less materialism; freedom from religion and looked closely at the feasibility of using does not have to be an atomic one and I do public jobs to channel welfare recipients not believe it will-may well bury eastern religious responsib111ty, which under com­ into t~e economic mainstream. civilization forever. munist regimes re::~.ch the stage of anti­ Facing such a danger, with such historical religious dictatorship; concentration on so­ C ;ISIS AND RESPONSE IN WELFARE: THE values in your past, at such a high level of cial structures with a seemingly scientific BALTIMORE EXPERIENCE realization of freedom and apparently of de­ approach. Congress and the Carter administration votion to freedom, how is it possible to lose This is typical of the Enlightenment in the are currently debating full employment leg­ to such an extent the will to defend oneself? 18th century and of Marxism. Not by coin­ islation and welfare reform propos::~ols. How­ How has this unfavorable relation of forces cidence all of communisms meaningless ever, a number of issues on which there are come about? How did the West decline from pledges and oaths are about Man, with a conflicting opinions remain to be resolved. its triumphal march to it3 present sickness? capital M, and his earthly happiness. In this context the Baltimore Mayor's Office Have there be•.m fatal turns and losses of At first glance it seems an ugly parallel: of Manpower Resources has reviewed some direction in its development? common traits in the thinking and way of of its own experience in this area and is pre­ It does not seem so. The West kept ad­ life of today•s West and today's East? But senting it here as a pm:sible resource. vancing socially in accordance with its pro­ such is the logic of materialistic develop­ From our experience with a welfare-related claimed intentions, with the help of brilliant ment. manpower program, we have drawn some technological progress. And all of a sudden We are now experiencing the consequences conclusions about the role of public employ­ it found itself in its present state of weak­ of mistakes which had not been noticed at ment programs that serve the disadvantaged ness. This means that the mistake must be at the beginning of the journey. We have placed unemployed. the root, at the very basis of human thinking too much hope in political and social re­ First, we found that welfare recipients in the past centurie~ . forms, only to find out that we were being were generally anxious to work-even part­ I refer to the prevailing western view of deprived of our most precious possession: time work at the minimum wage-if they the world which was first born during the our spiritual life. were given the opportunity and assistance. 17718 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 14, 1978 The people in the Baltimore program had state, however, refused to modify regula­ This and other experiences in Baltimore good attendance records, and their perform­ tions, and by Januar:r 1976, the program reinforce the important role of local officials ance evaluations were good. funds were exhausted and a deficit began in designing and delivering manpower serv­ Second, our experience showed that under e.ccruing. Faced with increasing expenditures ices to meet the critical needs of jobseekers. CETA a public employment program to help and deficits with no prospect of control, the However, without local autonomy, fiexibility, a specific segment of the population can be GPA-E program was suspended at the end and control over the resources and design started quickly. However, it's very important of February, 1976. But the needs of hundreds of a manpower delivery system, such respon­ that the governing regulations on such a of people remained. siveness would not be possible. program be fiexible in the implementation so that diverse local needs can be met. Fur­ THE CETA RESPONSE The following is excerpted from an thermore, our experience showed that an With the suspension of GPA- E assistance article that appeared in the April issue integrated system, locally managed, is not the city turned to the CETA program ad­ of Worklife magazine published by the only possible but also effective from both a ministered by the Mayor's Office of Man­ U.S. Department of Labor. The article cost and service viewpoint. power Resources to help meet the needs of discussed some outstanding programs Another conclusion that we were able to former recipients with job and training op­ draw is that if the participants-who are portunities. An emergency Adult Work Ex­ developed under the skill training traditionally considered disadvantaged-are perience (AWE) program was created to improvement program were funded for a run local projects. AdditionR.l grants were be subjective or objective in nature. Subjec­ maximum of twenty-eight hours a week at awarded early this year, and remaining pro­ tive barriers include the participants' atti­ the minimum wage of $2.30 an hour. The gram funds will be allocated under another tudes toward society, work, employers, and CETA public sector worksite development round of grants to be made within the next themselves. Objective barriers are factors unit responded by creating 235 job slots at few months. like limited education, lack of skills or work five different worksites where city agencies During the first funding round, prime experiences, and even a criminal record. These had significant public service needs. sponsors could apply for STIP grants total­ barriers were addressed by the job skill and The former recipients of the GPA-E pro­ ing up to 25 percent of their title I alloca­ education components of the program. gram were notified by letter of the new pro­ tions. Among the prime sponsors that Other barriers to permanent, full-time em­ gram and were referred to one of five CETA received the maximum amount was the ployment are often raised by the program Manpower Service Center (MSC) for regis­ Baltimore Metropolitan Manpower Con­ itself. For example, a participant who works tration. Of the 3.272 people notified, 837 for­ sortium, which received nearly $3.5 million full time under the program is unable to mer r·ecipients came to the various centers to for 13 STIP projects that will train between look for another job and still maintain good receive services, including counseling, job 300 and 400 persons. Baltimore's STIP effort attendance. In fa.ct, the participant is often search skills workshops, and referral to train­ offers one example of how the program penalized, with either loss of wages or a bad ing, remedial education, work experience, or works and shows some of the many kinds record, and discouraged from seeking work jobs. Of this number, 462 qualified for one of training it may include. during business hours. And if the wages in of the AWE positions. Eventually, 327 of these Baltimore developed its STIP proposals a subsidized job are high, a participant may applicants (including "no sbows") were se­ after consulting with employers already not be motivated to look for another job. lected, on a random basis, for the 235 jobs working with the prime sponsor and con­ To overcome these barriers, the Baltimore which existed. Only five of the applicants ducting a mail survey of employers on lists program reduced the hours of work during selected refused to participate at the point maintained by the Chamber of Commerce the week, providing the opportunity and in­ of selection. and the Balt imore Economic Development centive for the participants to find an un­ The entire hiring process was conducted on Corp., a quasi-government agency promot­ subsidized job. At the same time, the pro­ a single day. Of those selected to apply for inf local economic growth. In addition, the gram provided participants with assistance jobs, 268, again including refills for no shows, Consortium ran an ad in local newspapers on how to find a job and hold it. were actually hired. Fifty-seven of the se­ and business journals explaining that CETA Without a measurable recovery in the lected applicants did not show for the hir­ officials were assessing training and person­ private sector, no amount of innovative pro­ ing process, while two of those hired refused nel needs of Baltimore area employers, espe­ gram design and client commitment can employment. Of tho ~ e hired, 235 began work cially those interested in training additional achieve the program's goals. and the other thirty-three did not report for workers for their own establishments. work. A schematic diagram of the identifica­ "We got a good response to the ad, and THE WELFARE CRISIS IN BALTIMORE CITY tion and hiring process through actually be­ we're still getting feedback," Jay Harrison For more than eleven years Baltimore ing employed is shown in Figure 1. of the Baltimore Consortium reported early City, in conjunction with the State of Mary­ One major factor in the GPA- E effort was this year. Harrison noted, however. that not land, maintained a program to meet the the timing of the CETA response. Less than all the employers' suggestions led to STIP temporary needs of able-bodied unemployed, one month elapsed from the time of CETA's projects. "Some employers came up with or underemployed persons who were with­ initial notification of the problem through ideas that didn't lend themselves to STIP out income or resources and were not eligible actual employment of some of the former but were compatible with regular OJT. So for aid under any federal assistance program. recipients in AWE positions. The time in­ we asked them if they'd be interested in But in 1975, Baltimore's General Public As­ volved in the implementation of the GPA-E doing that, and it's accounted for a consid­ sistance to Employables (GPA- E) program A WE program was in line with the observa­ erable number of new OJT contracts." ran into trouble. Between October 1974 and tions of a number of studies of job creation Research done by Baltimore CETA staff February 1976, during a period of recession in public employment programs. These stud­ indicates that the occupations eventually and increasing unemployment, the number ies show the time it takes to implement such chosen for STIP training pay starting wages of GPA- E cases in Baltimore City increased programs is short when an established sys­ of between $4.50 and $6 an hour. For every by 600 percent from 207 cases to 1,466 cases. tem of public employment is in place, fiexi­ occupation chosen, the Consortium has on Expenditures rose by a similar margin, from bility exists in tbe regulations governing the file letters from local employers expressing :1. monthly average of $20,804 in October eligibility of participants and program de­ either a commitment to hire STJP graduates 1974 to $151,379 in February, 1976. In its sign, and there is a high and increasing rate or a serious interest in considering them. fiscal year 1976 budget (July 1975 to June of unemployment in the target population. One of Baltimore's most innovative STIP 1976) , Baltimore City allocated $175,000 as Subsequent experience of the prime spon­ projects trains opticians, optical mechanics, its share of a $350,000 program. By the end sor during the recent Title VI buildup and and contact lens mechanics. This project, of October 1975, however, the entire amount other temporary job creation programs, such which will last 9 months and train 30 par­ had been spent. In an emergency move, the as the President's energy crisis jobs program ticipants, was designed jointly by the Con­ c ~ ty allocated an additional $150,000 to be last February, confirm the ability of the sortium and the Maryland Association of combined with a similar amount from the prime sponsor to react quickly and respon­ Ophthalmic Dispensers. state for the remainder of the fiscal year. sively. The project will include classroom instruc­ At the same time an effort was made by CONCLUSION tion, laboratory training, and OJT. The class­ the City Department of Social Services to The program proved that a locally devel­ room component, being offered by Essex Com­ alter the regulations and guidelines for oped manpower delivery system can meet the munity College, will cover such subjects as GPA- E in order to bring program size and needs of a targeted welfare client population. optics, theory of light propagation, refiec­ expenditures under control and to concen­ Also the voluntary work program received a tion and refraction of plane surfaces, and trate assistance on the most needy cases. The positive response from the particioants. anatomy and physiology of the eye. Partie!- June 14, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 17719 pants will also get training in a laboratory 1966 to live in Hyden because of her interest and got married, they would be the donors set up by the Maryland Association of Oph­ in the Frontier Nursing Service and the prob­ and the future of the FNS. It had an im­ thalmic Dispensers, followed by OJT in the lems of the whole Appalachian region. Her mediate but also a long-range benefit. offices of Association members. During the volunteer activities in Cleveland included Q. How many have gone through the ranks classroom and laboratory phases, trainees various positions in the Junior League, the as couriers? will receive $3 an hour. OJT wages will bene­ Mental Health Association, the Visiting Nurse A. We are preparing for our 50th anniver­ gotiated with individual employers. Association, and the Republican Party. She sary of the courier service this May and over In another Baltimore STIP project, WES served on the Cleveland Symphony Women's 600 letters are going out to these alumnae. Corp., a minority electronics firm, is prepar­ Committee and was regional auditions chair­ During our capital fund drive for the hos­ ing 50 persons to become rapid transit elec­ man for the Metropolitan Opera Association. pital, every city chairman was a courier tronic technicians, workers who operate the She is presently chairman of the Kentucky a!t~mn?. or the husband of one. controls for transportation systems like San River Area Development District, director of Q. Hasn't FNS been largely a women's Francisco's BART and Washington, D.C.'s Hyden Citizens' Bank, treasurer of the Re­ proje·ct? new Metrorail subway. Several Baltimore gional Mental Health and Retardation Care A. Well, over the years we have had only firms build component parts for such sys­ Center, national chairman of the Frontier a few male couriers, but men have been vol­ tems, and these companies have expressed Nursing Service, and principal stockholder of unteers in various aspects of our work. And interest in hiring project graduates. the Appalachia Motel. we've hired 15 to 20 guys in the past on our The year-long program will include such Q. Miss Ireland, in your younger days in staff. Our present director, Dr. Rogers Beas­ areas as rail and transit control, signal tech­ Cleveland, your volunteer activities ranged ley, is the first man in that administrative nology, cab signals, basic track circuitry, and from Junior League to health and welfare position. Now that nursing is not limited to the electronics of transit control. Training agencies; from legislative committees to sup­ women, or medicine to men, we find married will consist solely of classroom instruction. port for the arts. You seem to have built women come for the midwifery or family Another Baltimore STIP project is training your whole life around various community nurse training, and their husbands come 75 persons for three occupations related to commitments. How did you get started in along. Some of the men get hired on our weatherization: weatherization mechanics this direction? staff or in the community, and they settle who install insulation and weatherstripping; A. I suppose much of the impetus came there. estimators who can assess the needs of resi­ from the League; service is a strong emphasis Q. Are you still drawing from a privileged dential or commercial buildings for insula­ in its program. Then, too, it was part of my class for your couriers? tion and compute the costs of necessary ma­ family heritage. A. Not as much as we were back before terials and labor; and supervisors who can Q. Your interest in the Frontier Nursing the Second World War. We draw more now direct and manage weatherization crews. Service must have been kindled by stories from the regular colleges, but the couriers Training will combine classroom instruction from the other women in your family who still have to pay for their training. They come and OJT. were connected there. for six weeks in the summer, two months This project, which aims to tap the grow­ A. Yes, by great, great aunt was on the the rest of the year. We have many more ap­ ing market for workers skilled in energy con­ founding committee with Mary Breckinridge plicants for the four of five places we have servation techniques, was developed with the back in 1925. My older sister was a courier in the summer, and also more than enough assistance of Baltimore's Frank A. Knott Re­ in 1938; my grandmother and mother were to fill the need in the winter. modeling Co. Knott Co. employees designed also active in FNS. I came down as a courier Q. And what does their work involve? the training format, compiled lists of the in 1951 after a year of college at Va-ssar for A. In the old days, when we had the horses tools and equipment needed for training, and two months in the spring, but ended up stay­ for the nurses and always cows around the provided instruction. The company wlll also ing that first year for eight months. Later, centers, they took care of the animals. They coordinate the project's OJT component, pro­ I was in charge of the courier, or volunteer have always been involved in transporta­ viding some OJT itself and soliciting coop­ program, for fifteen years, came on the Board tion, so when horses began to be phased eration from other local firms. in 1963, and then was chairman of the devel­ out and the jeeps were phased in with the Like most of Baltimore's 13 STIP projects, opment committee to raise funds for the improvements of our roads, they began to those cited above provide training for per­ Mary Breckinridge Hospital at Hyden. I was do the driving to the various nursing cen­ sons who have been unemployed. Three proj­ vice chairman of the board, and now am ters. You see we cover 1,000 square miles in ects, however, focus on upgrade training: national chairman. I suppose I put in more Leslie and adjoining counties. We have the 20 aides employed by nursing homes are hours than most paid people do when I'm at hospital nucleus in Hyden; we have Mrs. being trained as licensed practical nurses home in Leslie County. Breckinridge's home, Wendover, which is skilled in geroltological nursing and chronic Q. You could well be labeled a "profes­ care; our donor office and organized guest area sional volunteer." How do you react to the where the couriers live and seven outpost 16 machine operators are learning to set criticisms leveled against vol un tar ism? centers. Drugs have to be taken out to these up lathes, drills, and milling machines for A. I have quite a few strong feelings on nursing centers; patients' records have to precision metalworking; and this subject. I feel that anyone, male or be transported, fees brought back to head­ 4 unskilled employees of a metal-working female, whatever color, religion or social quarters, supplies delive·red. They can do firm are being upgraded, two as welders and class who has any belle! in God or a spiritual visiting with the older people and the two as machine tool operators. being, must volunteer hrs or her services. If homebound, or they work a great deal in Jay Harrison says the Baltimore Consor­ one can't do anything for someone else the hospital with special clinics, helping tium is pleased that STIP allows prime spon­ without getting money for it, one isn't a out in the pharmacy or X-ray rooms. sors to provide upgrade training. "We can't whole person. This is the first premise that's Q. How are your services different today provide upgrading with regular OJT funds," incorrect in this business of voluntarism vs. from the days when Mary Breckinridge and he says, "and we think that misses a chance professionalism. her trainees were battling weather, impas­ to upgrade one employee while creating a job Second, the argument that as a volunteer sable roads and creeks to get into the re­ opportunity at the entry level. It essentially you're taking away the work of someone who mote sections for care of mothers and their gives you two for the price of one." e would get paid for it isn't true at all. Most of babies? the work I'vd done you couldn't have paid A. All but two or three of our 300 deliveries anyone to do. No one's going to be working all a year are done in the hospital. One reason KATE IRELAND those week-ends, or the bad shifts on hospital for this is that the insurance programs pay schedules. only for hospital deliveries, but also it is ~ In no way has it impaired the woman's more expedient use of the nurse-midwives HON. TIM LEE CARTER image to be a volunteer. I think the male time. OF KENTUCKY volunteer and the woman volunteer can work hand in hand, just as the male and female Q. What does becoming a nurse-midwife IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES professionals can work in complementary involve? Wednesday, June 14, 197 8 ways. A. One has to be an RN with some experi­ ence before one can take this extended train­ • Mr. CARTER. Mr. Speaker, for years Q. The story of FNS itself, as I understand it, begins as a story of voluntarism with Mary ing. When the Second World War came, we I have known Miss Kate Ireland who, could no longer bring in the English nurses through the Frontier Nursing Service, Breckinridge, who chose to give her whole life or send our girls for training in England, to the maternal and child health needs of and so we opened up our own midwifery has been an "angel., Her life has been Eastern Kentucky. d.edicated to construction of health facili­ school. There are many graduate courses tied A. Yes, volunteers have been essential to up with universities now, but in 1939 we t~es and to financing and supervising de­ the Frontier Nursing Service. Mrs. Breckin­ were one of the first. At that time we took livery of health care. Mi~s Kate Ireland ridge had a brainstorm when she set up the six at a time, for six months' training, grad­ ~as Pl;lt service above self. I include an system. She invited these young ladies from uating twelve a year. Since 1970, we have in­ mterv1ew from the Thousandsticks News: their finishing schools to come down, and stituted another training-that of the fam­ KATE IRELAND, FRONTIER NURSING SERVICE they loved horses, and had the appeal to see ily nurse practitioner. These are nurses another apsect of life and take care of the (By Martha Wiglesworth) trained to recognize the more "normal" animals for these "nurses on horseback." She sicknesses. They can check the heart, lungs, Miss Kate Ireland, native of Cleveland had in her mind when she organized the chest, eyes, ears, nose, throat, do a throat Ohio, adopted Kentucky when she came 1~ courier system that after they came home swab to send off to the lab-many things to 17720 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 14, 1978 save the doctor's time. We also now have an cators. Has the fact that you are a woman David Davis is being honored Friday, affiliation with the University of Kentucky, mado any difference? June 16, as the 1978 Outstanding Handi­ so that a nurse can combine this training A. I have no problems working with either capped Postal Employee for the Western with work on her BA or MA. I think our men or women. I r·3spect them as persons who model for a rural school with rural clinical are either heads of their departments or do­ Region. training can be ut111zed elsewhere. ing a professional job. As far as questions Dave worked at the Arcadia Post Of­ Q. You have already been a model for ma­ about the status of women, I go on record fice, located in the same building as my ternal health care and midwifery training in as being against women's liberation. I don't district office, where his coworkers can­ underdeveloped countries, I believe. see that it has helped the women's cause at not praise him enough. Now Dave works A. Yes, over the years we have had many all. Of course a woman's mind is just as for the Pasadena Post Office where, in­ visitors from other countries, through agen­ keen as a man's. A woman can do what a man cidentally, I worked part-time delivering cies such as the World Health Organization, can do, but maybe in different ways. I'm on special delivery mail in high school. AID, UNICEF. Until the mid-60's, we were the team for women's lib if you mean the better known abroad than in the U.S.; bet­ part that women frequently get paid less for Kathryn Wilson, MSC Manager /Post­ ter known on the East Coast than in Ken­ the same job. master of Pasadena, wrote the following tucky. I think the woman is first of all a mother, letter to John Kennedy, District Director Q. What could wider knowledge of your and thos~ first formative years of the child's of Employees and Labor Relations for service do for you? life are very important. If she chooses to have the Post Office, explaining why David A. For one thing, we always need addi­ children, then she is going to be out of her deserved this honor ... tional financial support. Some of our pa­ career for a few years. The father needs to Mr. Davis has been severely handicapped tients are able to pay; some have insurance share in the care of the children, and that is with Cerebral Palsy. This is a condition he plans, but these do not cover all the costs their first priority. has lived with his entire life. David is 29 by any means. Our people are proud, they're Q. Your main objection to the women's years old, single and lives in Arcadia with his hard workers, but they are barely above the movement, then, is that you feel it does not parents. He has been a postal employee since poverty income line and so do not qualify support the view of the woman's primary re­ June of 1974, serving as a Custodian, Level 2. for public aid. These are the ones who have sponsibility being with the child? David has consistently been ut111zed in a hard time meeting their health care prob­ A. Yes. There are many couples now, how­ higher level custodial capacities because of lems, and we are always trying to raise money ev•3r, not planning to have children. In this his tremendous attitude and work output. to a!:sist these private paying fam111es. case, the woman can do anything the man Being afflicted with Cerebral Palsy has not Also, we feel our product that we are turn­ can do. And it's a different story with the dampened this man's spirits at all. He walks ing out of our school--our family nurse mid­ older woman who raises her children well and with a high degree of difficulty and yet man­ wife-is a product that can. be used through­ then gets involved. I'm not saying w<.men ages to turn out almost as much work as two out the u.s. Because we are in close coopera­ can't do a car':ler and ra.ise their children average custodians. Dave undergoes therapy tion with all the other health providers in simultaneously, but then they have · to have at least once a week at a clinic in Duarte. surrounding counties, these nurses have had a lot more coooeration from their husbands. His affliCtion is naturally painful at times experience which makes them valuable in Q. With all this responsib111ty, do you find and yet he has used but a few days of sick needy or rural communities. The MD can use time to play? leave in his three and one-half years with three or four of these nurses to relieve him, A. Oh yes, but my favorite sport is not very the Postal Service. and if we are talking about cost containment womanly. I love the out-of-doors; shooting David Davis graduated from Pasadena High in this country, it's the use of para-medical is a big thing with me. I'm a conservationist, School in June of 1969. He has generally been personnel that's going to save us some money. but also a hunter. They're not incompatible. confined to special education classes through­ Another thing is the prevention side of medi­ Q. How could the Junior Le'lgue life of out his formal education. He has lived in the cine. The nurse has always had more time to Cleveland lead to Wendover at Hyden? East and West and resided with his family discuss things like nutrition and exercise. A. I guess I just enjoy people, and so I for a time, in Utah. David enjoys bowling, Since they do go into the homes, they have haven't really noticed any difference. I do bicycling, and swimming as hobbies, and, he the chance to diagnose illnesses before they miss the culture-the symphony. I can get states, "they're used for therapy, also." become so serious. some of this on the radio, the Met on Satur­ In talking to Dave there is no question but Q. What about birth control? day afternoons. I usually go to New York that he intends to make the Postal Service a A. We've been into birth control, or family once or twice a year for the Met. I'm enjoy­ career. This is good news for his supervisor planning as we call it, since 1959. Dr. John ing "talking books," the chssics now pro­ since David is rated as one of our most out­ Rock was a friend of Mary Breckinridge. duced on tapes, and I carry these along in standing custodial employees, regardless of When he was still doing the research on the my car or hotel rooms. any hand1cap. Dave will never be found pill, he came down to our area and Mrs. Q. You don't feel deprived or hemmed in, without a dustcloth or broom in his hand, Breckinridge allowed her nurses to distribute living in the mountains? working. Our brass and bronze doorknobs the pill if the family would consent to par­ A. I travel so much. My family, fortunately, are eternally shining because of Dave's ef­ ticipate. Often now, the families are not so can get together frequently in South Georgia forts. In point of fact, his supervisor some­ agricultural, so they don't have the need for to hunt, or in Main$lin the summer for sail­ times worries that he is tackling jobs beyond the numbers of children. Our birth rate in ing. I have time with my family-my 83- his capab111ties. In spite of his handicap Leslie County dropped in ten years from 40 yeJ.r-old father, brothers and sisters, nieces Dave gets up on ladders to clean and dust per 1,000 to 18 or 19 per 1,000. and nephews. I prefer to live in the country our overhead light fixtures. He often refuses Q. You have many other connections with where I can have good air to breathe, have assistance and he considers no job too big or the Appalachian community-mental health, too small. It is really a pleasure to have a my dogs around me, raise ducks and pheas­ man such as David Davis working for us. Board of Trustees for Berea College, and ants. I swim every day in the river from you're in Lexington today in your capacity as April to November. I share my home with In view of Dave's outstanding achieve­ chairman of the Kentucky River Area Devel­ Ann Cundle, an English woman who came opment District Board. How did you, an out­ ments, it seemed appropriate to take this over to work at FNS in 1966. We raise a gar­ time on the floor of the U.S. House of sider, come to this responsibility? den, and I cook when I'm in the mood for A. I will always be an outsider, even though Representatives to pay tribute to him. I've been in Leslie County since 1951 and being domestic. For me, life is a good com­ David Davis is truly an admirable young have made my permanent home there since bination of being with people and being alone, of freedom and commitment. I like it man. The residents in the 26th Congres­ 1966. In a way, this makes me more useful. I sional District of California and my col­ first got interested in health needs, then was that way!"e chairman of the Human Resources Commit­ leagues in Congress join me in extending tee for the same area f!)r four years, worked our congratulations to David Davis and in mental health committees at the state as DAVID DAVIS TO BE HONORED AS wish him continued success.• well as the regional level. Whenever I saw a OUTSTANDING HAKDICAPPED need, I went to work on it. With the help of a POSTAL EMPLOYEE local businessman; Eddie J. Moore, we built a 24-unit motel-restaurant, the only one in the NAVY PROGRAMS GAIN ON CAPITOL county. Right now, we need a small airport­ HON. JOHN H. ROUSSELOT HILL that may be the next push. I suppose I am OF CALIFORNIA seen as a business asset in the community, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES as someone with experience in committees, as HON. BOB WILSON representing, or maybe I just had lots of Wednesday, June 14, 1978 friends. Anyway, I had a landslide victory of OF CALIFORNIA e Mr. ROUSSELOT. Mr. Speaker, I IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES one vote to be elected chairman of the Ken­ would like to bring the attention of tucky River Area Development District. Wednesday, June 14, 1978 Q. You are also serving on the Board of my colleagues in the U.S. House of Rep­ Trustees of Berea College. You are function­ resentatives the notable achievements of e Mr. BOB WILSON. Mr. Speaker, un­ ing in top level roles in business and commu­ David Davis, who resides in California's der leave to extend my remarks in the nity organization, with politicians and edu- 26th Congressional District which I serve. RECORD, I include the following: June 14, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 17721 [From the Sea Power, June 1978] 1977, the Navy was only permitted to ask cycle cost-ratio of the CVV to the CVN ts for 17 new ships at $6.3 billion for the fiscal 5:4 for the deck only, or 4:3 if the aircraft NAVY PROGRAMS GAIN ON CAPITOL HILL; 1979 program, with a totaf five-year pro­ suite is included. NUCLEAR CARRIER APPROVID gram of $45 billion for 99 ships. This was a "When the total life-cycle costs for m111- (By L. Edgar Prina) drastic cut in four days. Of these ships, 26 tarily equivalent task forces are considered, The United States Navy and its supporters would be conversion, not new ships. the costs are about even, if not slightly tn on capitol Hill have won the first round of "The Navy, in 1977, with the approval of favor of the nuclear task force." "The Great Naval Debate of 1978." the Secretary of Defense. instituted a study CVN/CVV COMPARISON as to the proper size of the Navy in the year Late last month, the House of Representa­ The committee report also noted that tt tives, rejecting the recommendation of the 2000. The study was not completed at the time the hearings commenced on this au­ is sometimes argued that having two CVVs Carter administration, voted overwhelmingly would provide the fiexib111ty of being in two to authorize funds for a fifth large-deck thorization bill. The bill as submitted con­ tained a proposed shipbuilding budget of different places at once. nuclear-powered aircraft carrier. only 15 ships (at a cost of $4.7 billion) for "The proposition is appealing until it ts When the balloting had finished, the House fiscal 1979. The required five-year program recognized that each of the CVVs will re­ had authorized a total of $37.9 billion for projection was not submitted. At the same quire additional escort and logistic forces, military procurement, research, and civil time the President's budget message to Con­ thereby adding to naval support costs, which defense in fiscal 1979. Included therein was gress mentioned a $42 billion five-year ship­ have not been included in the cost studies:· in excess of $2.1 billion for a new 95,000-ton building program. The report said the issue of which of the Nimitz-class flattop. "In his initial testimony this year, the two carriers is preferable is moot in any ca~e. President Carter had not requested any Secretary of Defense stressed the fact that because only one more large-deck carrier is kind of aircraft carrier when he sent his the Naval Force Planning Study (SEAPLAN planned to be added to the force. budget to Congress last January. He and 2000) had not been completed, and since this It gave the following comparison of the Secretary of Defense Harold Brown had told was to be the basis for the five-year ship­ m1lltary characteristics of the two types of the pertinent committees they opposed a building program, that program could be ships: nuclear carrier, but would request a conven­ submitted only when the study was com­ The CVN aviation payload is more than tional oil-fired one--designated CVV, because pleted. double that of the CVV and it can carry twice it would caiTy vertical/short takeoff and "The Naval Force Planning Study was for­ as much aircraft ammunition, nearly three landingplanes-in fiscal1980. warded to the Congress on March 21, 1978, times as much aviation fuel, and 89-94 air­ craft as against 50-64 for the CVV. Then, after both the House and Senate and on March 24, 1978, the Secretary of De­ In addition, the CVN has four catapults, Armed Services Committees voted to author­ fense presented a five-year shipbuilding plan for only 83 ships for those five years (of four aircraft elevators, and four shafts to two ize a nuclear carrier in fiscal 1979, Mr. Carter of each for the CVV. The CVN has a signifi­ sent out word that he would be willing to which 70 were to be new) at a cost of $32 billion. cantly greater speed, and propulsion endur­ start the CVV a year earlier than he had ance of 13 years, compared with a few days planned. The compromise bid failed in the "Thus, in less than only one year the for the CVV. House. President's Navy program has dropped $18 billion and nearly 100 ships." In its rationale favoring the CVN, the Sen­ NIMITZ OUTLOOK BULLISH ate Armed Services Committee made another The action now shifts to the Senate, where THE BIGGEST ONE-SHIP DIFFERENCE valid point. It said the Nimitz class is a a companion military authorization bill, dif­ Ironically, although the House added $2.3 known quantity (two are already in the fleet ferent in a number of major respects from blllion to the ship construction authoriza­ and a third is under construction) while the the House measure, soon will be taken up on tion, if Congress appropriates the funds they CVV has not yet been designed or built. the floor. The chances that the upper cham­ will buy only 16 ships instead of the 15 that "The CVV is as yet a 'paper' carrier," the ber will also approve a fourth Nimitz snip Mr. Carter would buy for $4.7 billion. Senate panel said in its report. "The cur­ are considered to be excellent. But the point that must be remembered rently estimated cost of $1,575 million (or Carter and Brown are expected to continue is this: All sides agree that the Navy needs nearly $1.6 blllion) is at best a 'ballpark' es­ the fight against the nuclear carrier, prob­ one more aircraft carrier to be able to main­ timate. The cost of operating and maintain­ ably right through the appropriations proc­ tain a force ot 12 flattops through the end of ing a CVV medium carrier is not known. ess which follows authorization. this century. If Congress provides the funds However, separate and more costly supply (Authorization bills do not, of course, pro­ this year then the years-long running con­ and maintenance operations may be required vide budget authority as such. They author­ troversy over a fifth nuclear carrier can end because the CVV would be the only ship of ize appropriations and the actual budget and the problem of numbers of other needed its kind in the fleet." authority must be approved through an types can be addressed in fiscal 1980 and The Senators credit the CVN with com­ approprlations act.) beyond without nearly one third of the total paratively greater carrying capacities than The House bill prOV"ides an increase in construction budget being devoted to a the House panel does-more than four times authorizations of more rthan $2.4 billion single ship. the aviation fuel, nearly three times the air­ over the $35.5 billion requested by the Pres­ The House committee report, noting that craft ammunition, and a 50 % larger air wing. ident. In the procurement sector, the in­ the facts surrounding naval shipbuilding For all of the above reasons, it seems likely crease is in excess of $3 billion, but the have often been misconstrued, addressed two that if Congress funds one more big carrier research and development category was re­ generalizations "most often heard as some­ it will be a CVN despite its higher front-end duced by $636 million. how justifying a smaller shipbuilding pro­ cos·e. Most of the House-approved increase was gram." DIRTY POOL ON AEGIS in ship construction ($2.3 billion) . In addi­ Generalization: The Navy has a backlog As for its recommendations to authorize tion to the $2.1 billion for the carrier, $1.1 of claims running to approximately $2.7 bil­ more than a billion dollars for the first nu­ billion was authorized for a Virginia-class lion which is causing a delay in ship con­ clear cruiser to be armed with Aegis, the cruiser armed with the Aegis fieet missue struction, and it is necessary to slow down House committee accused the Carter admin­ defense system. The Carter administration the shipbuilding program until the mess is istration of playing dirty pool in not includ­ also opposed this ship for FY 1979. cleared up. ing such a ship in its requests this year. To help hold down the ship construction Fact: The overwhelming majority of "On May 19, 1977, President Carter sub­ total-which wound up at a little over $7 claims come from three shipbuilders and are mitted a budget amendment to the Congress billion-the House deleted authorization of the product of contracts made several years for the fiscal year 1978 shipbuilding program $912 million for an eighth Trident ballistic ago. The present Navy leadership has made which specifically added the long-lead time mis!:'lle submarine because of delays in the "substanial progress" on the claims but, re­ components for this cruiser, and provided program. gardless, past claims have little to do with for the full funding of the ship in fiscal 1979. the current ability of shipyards to build This action was subsequently rescinded "A VERY SIGNIFICANT YEAR" ships. "Shipbuilder-s can build for the future when the latest fiscal year 1979 Presidential In its report on the authorization-which while lawyers argue over the past." budget request was submitted to Congress. incidentally, was approved by the hous~ Generalization: Big, expensive, nuclear "The Armed Services Committee considers almost intact by a 319 to 67 vote-the supercarriers ·are too costly. The Navy should the failure to provide the Aegis cruiser in the Armed Services Committee observed that build less expensive, because conventionally­ Presidential budget for fiscal 1979 a breach of "this is a very significant year" for the powered, smaller carriers. intent since it was on the basis of a Senate future or the Navy and naval shipbuilding. Fact: The official studies of recent years and House conference committee compro­ It then gave the following account of how show conclusively that the Nimitz-class car­ mise, as written in the fiscal 1978 conference the Carter administration had failed to get rier (CVN) is the most effective in battle, is report, that the House Armed Services Com­ its act together in this important defense the least vulnerable, and is the most cost­ mittee agreed to full funding last year of area: effective ship. the conventionally-powered DDG-47 Aegis "President Carter, on May 19, 1977, an­ .. The closest competitor to the CVN is the destroyer." nounced a new five-year shipbuilding pro­ conventionally-powered medium s.tze carrier, The Senate committee did not authorize gram that included 30 ships and $8.5 billion called the CVV," the report said. "It has fre­ any funds for construction of the cruiser in in fiscal year 1979. Overall, it included 180 quently been postulated that two CVVs can its $5.6 billion shipbuilding account. ships (with 20 conversions) for almost $50 be pur·chased for the price of one CVN. This Along with the Nimitz carrier and nuclear billion. Only four days later, on May 23, is .simply not the case. The best estimated life cruiser, the House authorized one SSN-688 17722 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 14, 1978

attack submarine, eight FFG guided missile RESERVE RESTORATION mon ailment that will go away or, at worst frigates, one AD destroyer tender, three Naval reservists will be pleased to note we will simply have to live with. T- AGOS ocean surveillance ships for anti­ that the House and the Senate committee The ugly disease has been given a rather submarine warfare, and one T-ARC cable have voted to authorize a force of 87,000 se­ innocuous name, a name that belies its evil repair ship. lected reservists. The Carter administration intent and suggests it affects relatively few For Navy / Marine Corps aircraft procure­ had asked for only 51,400. when, in truth, it affects everyone in this ment, the House was generous, too, adding The key vote in the House on the military country. $476 million to the President's request, for a authorization bill was not the final one (319 The disease is corporate crime. And it total of $4.6 billion. to 67). It came on an offer to substitute threatens to degrade, debase and ultimately Of the extra amount, there was $164.8 President Carter's original request (total destroy the moral fabric of not only the million for a dozen more F- 14 Tomcats, to $35.5 billion) for the committee bill. motion-picture industry but industries bring the FY 1979 total to 36, and $121.6 The substitute was proposed by Represent­ throughout this country. Some say that million for four more F-18 Hornet fighters, ative Bob Carr (D-Mich.), a second-termer prognosis is too dark, too dire, too dramat­ for a total of nine. who serves on the Armed Services Commit­ ic. That what we are experiencing are a few In addition, the House added $144.9 mil­ tee. It was defeated 115 to 287. local "brushfires." To those, I would say, lion for 24 more A- 7E Corsair II attack jets In dissenting views on the committee's pick up any newspaper or news magazine, and $90 million for 15 AV-8A Harrier report, Carr, joined by two other minimal read of embezzlement, bribes, payoffs, stock V/ STOL aircraft for the Marine Corps. It defense advocates, Representatives Thomas manipulation and corporate kickbacks. also deleted $113 mill1on for 18 A-4M attack D:>wney of New York and Patricia Schroeder Some months ago, when the "Hollywood­ planes for the Marines. ·•• of Colorado, both Democrats, irritated the gate" scandal was finally uncovered, there In explaining its action on the Grumman majority with a smart-aleck statement en­ were other dark, dire predictions equally Tomcats, the House committee report said: titled "Givabucks grow on trees-just ask dramatic. Certain superstars would boycott "Navy testimony on the F- 14 aircraft dis­ the committee," and which said: Columbia Pictures if an admitted forger-em­ closed that the flyaway unit cost for 36 air­ "Your Armed Services Committee has run bezzler was not permitted to return to the craft would be $19.2 million, compared to a amuck. It has slipped its moorings, lost its scene of his crimes. They too were dark. They flyaway unit cost for 24 aircraft of $22.1 mil­ bearings, stripped its gear, gone off its trolley, too were dire. But they were untrue. Other lion, a difference of $3 million in flyaway untruths and innuendos were shot from high costs alone. When total program costs are flipped its wig." When all the voting was over, Representa­ windows. A small fiefdom that has exercised computed, the analysis shows a savings of inordinate power in Hollywood desperately $861 million by authorizing 36 aircraft in­ tive Bob Wilson, ranking Republican on the panel, had this observation: attempted to rally a cordon of support from stead of 24. those with vested interest, and they were not "The total program buy planned is un­ "As you can see, it was Carr who stripped his gears and ran out of gas."e without some success. changed and the committee could find no Some men of integrity suddenly became rationale for the reduced buy proposed by silent. They didn't want to know. They the Defense Department beyond an arbitrary played the game. They sealed their Ups as slowdown for immediate budget reductions. well as their consciences. The odds were The committee finds this approach unac­ LIGHTS, CAMERA, ACTION: CRIME great. Why risk it? The firmament of fear ceptable." prevailed. Over the years, hundreds of millions of Where were the brave ones? Those un­ dollars have been wasted by arbitrary HON. MORRIS K. UDALL afraid in previous days-unafraid to stand changes in aircraft production rates and OF ARIZONA with small numbers· if not alone? ship construction schedules so that money IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Those others, those ·superstars of civic could be "saved" in the upcoming budget pride, those friends of the earth, those polit­ year. Wednesday, June 14, 1978 ically visioned, were they securely cocooned SES IN; LAMPS CUT • Mr. UDALL. Mr. Speaker, several in million dollar contracts? Where were In the research and development category, months ago. when press accounts of an they? Why were they suddenly silent? was the House made some changes that pleased it true? Wa~ it really true? Is the bottom the Navy and some that did not. Among the incipient scandal involving the highest line really the buck? How tragic for them latter was its cancellation of the LAMPS III levels of the motion picture industry and fo'!" all of us. Was theirs a conspiracy of ASW heUcopter program because of "extreme came to light, there was talk of coverup silence or m u te evidence or moral decay? Had c :::st growth." The Navy had requested $124 and pressures on individuals to quiet the their dreams of an art form dissolved into a million for FY 1979. Secretary of the Navy matter. nightmare of money? W. Graham Claytor, Jr., obviously hoping During this period, a single person Slowly, slowly the mist is lifting. A few are the Senate will approve the request, said stood out as unwavering in his belief coming fcrwr.rd to challenge, so speak out. later that the Navy "must have" LAMPS III. A iew. Nor did the Navy like one bit the deletion that justice ought to be served, no mat­ Emotional blackmail is a frightening by the House of its V/ STOL technology pro­ ter the cost or the pressures. thing. It was frightening in the 1940's when gram, for which $66.2 million had been re­ Cliff Robertson, winner of an Academy criminal elements threatened our industry's quested. Rationale for the action: The de­ Award and an Emmy Award, stood his lifeblood. Proud men were humbled into sub­ velopment and procurement of "our exist­ ground and persisted. And he will ap­ miss:ion. Dirty, criminal hands clutched at ing high performance" aircraft is of higher parently prevail, despite the powerful our throats threatening us with extortion priority than the development of advanced interests who wanted a coverup of the and violence. Today our industry is threat­ technology V/ STOL planes. corruption within the industry. ened by a foe equally formidable-perhaps On the plus side in R&D, the House voted more S :l The hands are those of a few, as­ to restore the surface effect ship (SES) pro­ I am proud to know Cliff Robertson as tonishingly few. Hands that are nimble, gram, which the Carter administration wants a friend. He is a man of singular cour­ m'l.nicured and slick. The wheelers, the to kill. It left no doubt about its action, age and integrity. His stature among his dealers. Masters of the hip and the hype. either, authorizing $93 million, or $400,000 colleagues in the film industry is per­ They make deals. The actors, directors, more than the Navy originally had requested. haps unmatched in the wake of the write!'s, the craftspeople, make movies. And Asserting that theSES "represents a quan­ Begleman affair. when these movies are finished and success­ tum jump" in the shipbuilding state of the ful, the dealers take the bow. Overnight art, the House committee report said the Recently, Mr. Robertson delivered a Irving Thalbergs. surface effect ship program "is this country's speech to the Screen Actors Guild in But, if the film is unsuccessful, the director primary high-technology program that could New York. The New York Times re­ has lost his touch, the actor doesn't draw, provide a high-speed, eighty-knot and above, printed a portion of it on June 10. I com­ the writer is incompetent. And the dealers deep-water surface ship" for the post-1980 mend the attention of my colleagues to get in their limousines and look for new prey. period. the contents of his address, for it is of For these who don't know, or remember. The Senate Armed Services Committee also great importance to us all. there were brave men in the 1940's. Men and voted to restore the SES, but proposed only The speech excerpt follows: women who stood up to the gangsters and $30 million for FY 1979. If the full Senate their bullies and kicked them out of town. should agree, the disparate House and Sen­ LIGHTS, CAMERA, ACTION: CRIME Those brave men and women were members ate figures will have to be tackled by the (By Cliff Robertson) of our union, the Screen Actors Guild. And joint conference committee and a compro­ I would like to say a few words about a with the same courage this union can eradi­ mise reached, as on other differences in the cancer in our industry, a malignancy that cate the corporate crime that is alien to the two bills. split its flrst evil cell a long time ago but sense of decency in every member of this The House also voted to transfer $40.1 appeared relatively benign until recent years. guild. million from the Air Force ground-launched Like all mortals, we have taken refuge in It has been said that Watergate proved cruise missile account to the Navy Toma­ the hope that the diagnosis was incorrect or, above everything else that the system hawk sea-launched cruise missile budget. at the least, exaggerated, that it is but a com- worked-the judicial system. I think it can EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 17723 June 14, 1978 Much of Mr. Carter's difficulty stems fro~? H.R. 12952, the Press Protection Act of be said the "Hollywoodgate" has pr?ven one the fundamental characteristics of his Presi­ 1978, now has 34 cosponsors in the House. thin to date. A free and responslbe press dency. To begin, he himself is a structural k~ Indeed it is the press that has been I reprint here, Mr. Speaker, the edi­ wor . or of truth. And it is true, no matter reformer with a keen eye for detail who does torials from the Milwaukee Sentinel for not like to deal in partial solutions or the a pur~~~cult that truth will ultimately ar­ June 2 and the Milwaukee Journal for h ow • · dustry and set superficialities of problems. However, his de­ rest corporate crime in our ln sire for comprehensive, detailed reforms may June 1. us free. •t th t much not be in tune with the mood of the country The editorials follow: We'd better hurry. We haven a today. Though he may yet convince the peo­ [From the Milwaukee Sentinel, June 2, 1978] time.e ple of the necessity of his legislative program, HIGH COURT PLACES PRESS IN JEOPARDY so far he has not communicated to them his A U.S. Supreme Court ruling that police sense of urgency about the problems he ad­ may search a newspaper office for criminal AN ASSESSMENT OF THE CARTER dresses. A second characteristic-the anti­ evidence could open the doors for a search ADMINISTRATION Washington emphasis-was undoubtedly an and destroy mission aimed at the freedom of important factor in Mr. Carter's election, the press. but it has come back to haunt him. As an Unles3 it is used with extreme discretion, a HON. LEE H. HAMILTON outsider uneasy with the ways of the Capi­ search warrant can be an intimidating tal, he has needlessly crossed swords with OF INDIANA weapon. In the case of newspapers, the in­ influential legislators and has been slow to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES timidation will not directly affect consci­ realize that good ideas and honorable inten­ entious reporters and editors but it is certain Wednesday, June 14, 1978 tions are not enough. to have an impact on news sources. I have the feeling that the President has e Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, I would It will be difficult, if not impossible, to been hesitant to use presidential power, but keep a promise of confldentiality if there is a like to insert my Washington Report for that he is now settling comfortably into the threat that the police may unexpectedly June 14, 1978, into the CONGRESSIONAL Oval Office. It seems that he is beginning to burst into the newsroom and start rifling RECORD: master the intricate relationships in Wash­ through the paper's files. ington and to maneuver among them, as a AN ASSESSM'ENT OF THE CARTER Similar arguments had been made in the President must if he is to achieve his goals. lower courts which earlier ruled in the case ADMINISTRATION He has had a long "shakedown cruise," but Seventeen mont hs after his Presidency be­ involving the search of a Stanford Univer­ he has been blessed with good fortune at sity student newspaper in 1971. The object gan, people are still askin~ wh~t Jim~y least in the sense that he has not had to con­ was to turn up photos of suspected partici­ Carter is really like. Many v1ew him as In­ front a dangerous crisis. He is now interven­ experienced and ineffective, a politician who pants in a student demonstration and no ing boldly in legislative battles, tackling new evidence was found. flip-flops on the Jssues and has difficulty de­ long-ignored problems and having some suc­ livering on his campaign promises. Others The lower court findings were that the cess. After a full year of congressional hag­ search was incompatible with the right of a admire his personal qualities--a lack of pre­ gling, the President has the energy bill mov­ tense, a wfllingness to work hard and an free press guaranteed in First Amendment to ing again. He is getting tougher both in his the Constitution. It also was ruled that po­ ability to admit mistakes-and believe that fight against inflation and in his support of his basic instincts are sound. My guess is lice searches of the premises of someone not fiscal restraint. He is taking on every major suspected of a crime are almost never that most people do not yet have a clear foreign policy issue in the book, regardless picture of the Carter Administration. They legally justified. of the political consequences. His Middle How the high court could find otherwise do not see where the government is beaded. East arms sales package, his sharp attack These perceptions may explain the Presi­ should be a matter of concern not only to on Soviet activities in Africa, his attempt to the press but also to those who benefit from dent's low standing in the opinion polls. lift the Turkish arms embargo and his Mr. Carter assumed the Presidency at a its unfettered operation. It has been only a staunch advocacy of majorty rule in South few years since the confidentiality of news time when that office had been weakened. Africa are outstanding examples. sources led to the exposure of crimes which Vietnam and watergate had taken their toll Many people believe that Mr. Carter is resulted in jail sentences for several high in terms of esteem. The persuasive powers indecisive. He seems to be responding to that placed national administration officials and of the chief executive had declined and his criticism by making the effort to define his the resignation of a president. word was no longer accepted as gospel. The positions, even if the political flak is heavy. When the five member court majority role of the Congress had been fortified with There is speculation about a one-term Presi­ voted to allow the surprise search of news­ the enactment of several special pieces of dency for him, but surely such talk is pre­ paper premises, it also eroded the protection legislation. The War Powers Act and the mature. Presidential historians advise us to the free press affords the public from such Budget Act in particular had resulted in a watch the crucial third year of a President, governmental abuses. loss of presidential influence. and Mr. Carter is still several months away And it is not as though police had no other American attitudes have also made the from it. recourse than a search warrant in obtaining challenge of presidential leadership more for­ All of us are entitled to judge a President evidence from the press. It has always been midable. The people do not seem to sense severely, provided that our judgment is tem­ easy enough to subpena particular items or crisis in any domestic or international issue. pered by an appreciation of the circum­ broad categories of information. The priorities on the national agenda are stances in which he governs and the limita­ The significant difference is that, when not ordered and few people are certain what tions of his powers.e requests in subpenas are believed to be un­ they want their leaders to do. Lack of reasonable, the point can be argued in court. urgency and unclear priorities set limits on A search warrant, under Wisconsin law, the President and make the Congress less re­ "shall be issued with all practicable se­ sponsive to his blandishments and more THE NATION'S PRESS DEPLORES crecy," !lnd the information on which it is sensitive to political pressures and crosscur­ THE SUPREME COURT'S DECISION based "shall not be . . . made public in any rents. The Great Society-with its single­ way" until it is executed. ness of purpose and its strong feeling of ALLOWING THE POLICE TO SEARCH A NEWSPAPER'S OFFICES Taken with the high court decision, this direction-is gone. The people recognize that provision can be used t o abolish the con­ there are unsolved problems, but there is stitutional guarantee of a free press, not by nothing approaching a consensus on the the formal process of repeal, but in secret proper solutions to them. HON. ROBERT F. DRINAN ceremony and without argument from those In the face of a weakened office and chang­ OF MASSACHUSETTS whose rights are being taken away. Ing American attitudes, expectations have IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES State judges now vested with this author­ nonetheless remained high. The people want ity should keep the potential consequences a forceful President and they tend to be Wednesday, June 14, 1978 of their action on that freedom in mind. It batHed when he cannot make progress across e Mr. DRINAN. Mr. Speaker, the Na­ is the kind of power that has the potential the board. They encourage the President to tion's press continues to express its hor­ for bringing down not only a free press, b'.tt break all political deadlocks and they peti­ a free country as well. tion his support for the many causes that ror and its indignation at the 5-to-3 Su­ interest them. They urge the President to de­ preme Court ruling which allows police feat the proposals they do not like and they to search a newspaper office for criminal [From the Milwaukee Journal, June 1, 1978] hold him accountable for failing to control evidence without a subpena. RUMMAGING THROUGH THE NEWSROOM 535 very individual members of Congress. I am pleased that Senator BIRCH BAYH The U.S. Supreme Court has accorded dis­ Since the President is blamed for most of has scheduled hearings on press protec­ tressingly broad search powers to police ln the things that go wrong, he has become the case of the Stanford Daily in California. responsible, in a way, for almost everything. tion bills on June 22. Senator BAYH has we will grant, of cour.:;e , that police must But in our system of government it takes a filed S. 3164, entitled the Citizens' Pri­ have reasonable access to all pertinent evi­ long time to solve problems, and solutions vacy Protection Amendment of 1978. dence in criminal cases if they are to per­ are politically feasible or else they are not form their duties properly. Indeed, there are solutions at all. I am pleased also to state that my bill, 17724 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 14, 1978 times when a search warrant is the only ef­ centered around Africa, but in fact the clear­ ish embargo tells much about the mood of fe~tive means of obtaining important evi­ est case of bllnd moralizing has been the Congress when writing such restrictions was dence. That is especially true if officers have embargo against arms shipments to Turkey. fashionable. We should get rid of this one reaso ' to think tte evidence will otherwise The details of the dispute leading up to first, and then move on to take a careful look be destroyed or concealed. Yet a surprise the embargo, and the enormous cost in terms at the others. search is by no means the only way to get of the Western strategic position, are clari­ evidence. Searches are a drastic device that fied in an article on this page by Albert LIFT THE TURKISH ARMS EMBARGO should be reserved for cases in whtch less in­ Wohlstetter, who over several decades has (By Albert Wohlstetter) trusive methods do not appear workable. been an enormously infiuential strategic The United States, Turkey and Greece In the Stanford case, for example, it sim­ thinker and is for our money the nation's have very strong mutual interests affecting ply was not necessary for pollee to go barg­ most careful analyst of military-political af­ their security-interests that have been ing into the newspaper office and rummag­ fairs. (Mr. Wohlstetter's studies warning of harmed by the behavior of all three nations. ing around. No one on the Dally staff was the danger of nuclear proliferation, for ex­ The self-destructive pattern can be broken suspected of committing crimes or conceal­ ample, are rated by the chief spokesman for by support for President Carter's initiative ing evidence. The only reason given for the the nuclear industry as the most important to 11ft the arms embargo against Turkey. search was that the pollee thought the news­ single event leading to what the industry All NATO countries-not only the United paper had photographic negatives that finds a vexing new concern.) States, Turkey and Greece-have an interest might be useful in identifying persons who The embargo was imposed, of course, after in restoring health to the southeastern fiank had taken part in a riot. As it turned out, the Turkish invasion of Cyprus in 1974. Con­ gress has taken the position that this was an of NATO. That is also of great consequence the negatives contained no useful evidence. for the crediblllty of any American guarantee Yet, even if such evidence had existed, it illegal use of American-supplied arms, and could have been obtained by subpena, with­ that no more should be shipped until there in the Middle East and for countries such as is a settlement of the ongoing Cyprus dis­ Japan that depend on oil from the Persian out subjecting the newspaper office to unrea­ Gulf. sonable search and seizure. pute. The Turks have closed down some American intelligence fac111ties, and are drift­ What makes the problem urgent is the The lower federal courts wisely condemned worsening of our position on the southern the search as unconstitutional, saying it was ing closer to the Soviet camp. They have be­ almost never proper to search the premises come, for example, the largest recipient of fiank of NATO and especially in the eastern of someone not suspected of a crime. Those Soviet foreign aid. However, they remain Mediterranean, the increase in Soviet ablllty courts also noted that freedom of the press within the NATO command structure, while to project power at a distance. Greece's con­ is chilled when pollee subject newspapers the Greeks have withdrawn. tinued absence from the NATO mllltary com­ to unannounced searches. Unfortunately, the Just why the U.S. Congress should be pick­ mand, the increased precariousness of our high court passed over those valld points ing sides in this age-old dispute has always own and allied reliance on oil from the Gulf and gave pollee more freedom to conduct been unclear to us, and becomes increasingly area, the deterioration of the Turkish armed searches than they really need. so as we review the dispute. Turkey did not forces that remain part of the NATO military The decision raises many disturbing possi­ start the Cyprus crisis. It started with an at­ structure, and the steady decline in our rela­ tions with Turkey. b111ties. If pollee are permitted to conduct tempted coup backed by the colonels who surprise raids on journalists, they also can then ruled Greece, with the purpose of union There are of course endless claims and be given warrants to subject innocent doc­ between Greece and Cyprus. Archbishop counterclaims about the rights and wrongs tors, lawyers and other citizens to the same Makarios, the late Cypriot leader, told the of Greek, Turkish or even American and intrusion. What happens to private, confi­ UN Security Council that the coup forces British behavior on Cyprus. I do not think dential information that cops may see while were armed with tanks and armored cars­ a fair and accurate picture can be drawn pawing through files, notebooks and per­ in other words, weapons the United States in simple black and white. Nor do I think sonal possessions? had supplied to Greece. the leg.al questions as to the use or misuse The only slightly reassuring fact is that the Turkey had a clear treaty right to inter­ of U.S. arms aid present a simple issue, with Supreme Court majority opinion did make vene to stop Greek attachment of Cyprus. an obvious answer justifying punitive action a reference to proper administration of war­ It landed in July, and landed more forces in in the form of a continuing embargo. rants and to preconditions that should give August to expand its occupation zone. There THE GAO LETTER newspapers "protection against the harms have been spasmodic negotiations for a set­ The Greeks as well as Turks are armed that are assertedly threatened." We don't tlement between the Greek and Turkish in­ predominantly by the United States and know just what that means, but we hope, habitants of Cyprus. At the moment, the both, it is plain, have used these arms to pro­ that it wm at least cause judges to draw Turkish proposals are the ones on the table. tect what they regard as their legitimate warrants narrowly so the intrusiveness of In the light of this history, it's not hard rights and obllgations. The usual authority searches is held to a minimum. to understand Turkish mystification at its cited on Turkish violations is the General treatment by the U.S. The Turks tend to at­ Accounting Office letter to Sen. Eagleton. A tribute this to racism. They think the U.S. careful reading shows that it does not un­ and other Western powers will automatically ambiguously claim a Turkish violation. More­ THE ARMS EMBARGO AGAINST side with the Greeks, even when they have a over, I think the GAO would have quallfied military dictatorship, and against the Turks; its judgment on Turkey even further if it had TURKEY even though they are the only democracy been asked about violations on the other in the Islamic world. U.S. political analysts side, which were much less ambiguous. attributed it instead to the "Greek lobby," I am afraid many Americans made moral­ HON. SHIRLEY N. PETTIS which while not large is decidedly vocal. istic statements about the crisis that stain OF CALIFORNIA There may be some truth to both explana­ moral credlb111ty. There is no doubt that the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tions. But after watching the fight over the events started with a coup engineered by the sale of F15s to Saudi Arabia, we s:omehow military dictatorship then existing in Greece. Wednesday, June 14, 1978 doubt that the Greek lobby has a hammer­ And there is no doubt ln my mind that the • Mrs. PETTIS. Mr. Speaker, within the lock on Congress. And we would llke to Treaty of Guarantee signed by Greece, Tur­ reassure the Turks about racism by offering key and Great Britain was a j,ustifiable basis next several weeks, the House will take another explanation. Their sin was that for Turkish intervention in July. In the up the International Security Assistance their invasion actually succeeded, at a time subsequent August landing the Turks ex­ Act of 1978. During its deliberations on when military success was unpopular in 1n­ panded their very precarious foothold in the this measure, the House International fiuential quarters of American opinion. So face of Greek delays and refusal to agree to Relations Committee voted to repeal the much moral capital had been invested in a security zone around Turkish forces. 4-year-old arms embargo against Tur­ asserting that American success in Vietnam One always hears that 40% of the land is key. I cannot overstress the importance would be "immoral" that Turkish success in occupied by the Turks, who make up only of this issue for it will be one of the Cyprus must be "immoral" too. 18% of the population. I would point out This mood is passing. The Soviet arms first of all that the 40% seems to be inac­ most critical foreign policy questions we build-up and lts aggressiveness ln Africa curate; it is· more like 3Q% or 37%, and the will consider this year. have brought home the real challenge to the Turks question the 18% as well. More im­ Today's edition of the Wall Street American strategic position, and to the portant, the Turkish "18%" or more of the Journal contains two excellent articles values of freedom and individual dignity population, being mainly farmers, always supporting the action by the Interna­ that are the moral roots of American foreign had more than the corresponding 18% or so tional Relations Committee. I commend policy. With this recognition has come the of the land-about 40% at the time of the realization that the embargo has not helped 1960 census, and perha~s 30% at the time them to the attention of my colleagues: and may in fact have hindered a settlement of the coup. The recent Turkish proposals BLIND MORALIZING on Cyprus, so that Sen. Church, for example, for volunt3.ry po!lulation and land transfers In recent months there has been a gather­ has come to favor its repeal. consider the m111tary and economic viability ing sense that in its outburst of post­ Those worried about restoring American of the transfers, and seem to me as they do Vietnam moralizing, Congress has gone too fiexibillty in foreign pollcy should surely to Secretary General Waldheim a substan­ far in writing laws that foreclose foreign­ join him. That we have a law on the books tial advance in the negotiation. policy options. Most of the discussion has so confused and so destructive as the Turk- On such complicated disputes between two June 14, 197.8 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 17725 lmporhnt allies, the United States had best ments to Lebanon and Israel.) The avail­ for years. I have argued repeatedly that avoid the pretense that the moral or legal abillty of Turkish airspace drastically affects the Midwest has not been treated fairly issues are simple black and white ones on what the Soviets can do compared with what by military realinements and I am con­ which we can sit in judgment. Such pre­ the United States can do in the Gulf area. tense does mischief to our reputation for any Without substantial overflight over Turkey, cerned that shifts to the South ar:d West balanced concern about the rule of law. I the Soviets, for example, might be able to are not in the best interests of national would be as deeply opposed to an embargo bring into the area a force roughly equiva­ security. In large part, my conclusions on arms to Greece as I am to continuance lent in firepower to a U.S. mechanized divi­ were based on my personal observations. of the embargo against Turkey. We should sion and do it ill about the same time as it Having military installations in my dis­ not be asked to choose; both are of key im­ would take the U.S., that is, in about two trict, the 19th of Illinois, which have portance to our own security and to that of weeks. With overflights unconstrained the been the objects of Defense Department our allies. Soviets could get there a week earlier. The security considerations, meanwhile, are For conflict in the Persian Gulf area the and Army scrutiny, I am well aware of essential to the strategic significance of Tur­ Turkish Straits also are plainly important. the efforts to relocate various functions key. While there have been recent claims that If the Soviets cannot use the Straits to re­ for anticipated cost savings. As the new weapons technologies make the Turkish supply by sea as well as by air their forces Army will admit, it has only recently armed forces, facilities and geographical fighting in the Gulf, they might have to rely begun to perform post transfer studies position obsolete, it simply romanticizes exclusively on a massive initial airlift until to see whether, in fact, the anticipated technology to suggest that ICBMs or any they could, for example, resupply by sea from cost savings accrue. · I suspect that in other sophisticated technology ·can replace Vladi•!ostok-a much more distant supply forces that operate from close-in range. Sim­ route. Other conceivable routes might be even many instances they do not. Thus the ilarly, the Turkish intell1gence facilities longer, more complicated or more vulnerable. one advantage sought-savings in the closed since the embargo were of great value, In short, when one looks at the grubby defense budget-may never be realized. and substitutes have been only partial, creat­ details of how the contestants might fare in I am aware of the disadvantages that ing deficiencies that become harder and a struggle in such key parts of the world as such transfers engender. Families are harder to overcome. These facilities provided the Persian Gulf or Greece, it is apparent forced to move or else give up jobs. The us with information about the development that with the technologies available to each community suffers from a depleted de­ of Soviet long-range systems, and also, as in side the role of Turkey is 11kely to be of major the fall of 1973, about movements and cnn­ impbrtance. No airy references to sophisti­ mand for services. These are disadvan­ centration of Soviet forces. cated weapon systems should erase that im­ tages beyond the diminished national The value of Turkey for the United States port ance from our minds. security that the Northeast Midwest In­ and its NATO allies extends far beyond the TURKEY'S SIGNIFICANCE stitute study suggests and which I have few installations on which operations have suspected. been suspended since the embargo. That Finally, a few words on the significance of Turkey for the Middle East. It would be pos­ Illinois is the second hardest hit of value proceeds in the first place from con­ all of the States in the northeast-mid­ trol of the exit from the Black Sea through sible to Ulustrate in some detail the effects of the Straits of the Bosporus and of the entry the availability to one side or the other of west region by the realinements selected to the Aegean through the Dardanelles. Sec­ Turkish air space, the Straits, bases and ma­ for study by the Department of Defense. ond, from the large number of strategically teriel in Turkey, or the Turkish forces. The In the northeast-midwest region of this potential effect on conflict between the con­ country, 10,228 jobs are being considered placed base facilities for combwt, commu­ frontation states and Israel is large. The sta­ nications, navigation and other support bility of settlements now being proposed for for termination, while 13,043 in the South functions, including fac1lities besides those the Middle East depends not only on the and 9,710 in the West are under consid­ withdrawn from current operation. Third, ability of the parties to defend themselves eration. While the raw data might sug­ from the control of the air space above with only logistic support from outside, but gest that the region is not that bad off, Turkey. And fourth, from the Turkish also on external guarantees of possible inter­ take into consideration the fact that this ground forces themselves, which are the vention. largest in NATO aside from those of the region has less defense jobs to begin But no guarantee is likely to be accepted if with. The States in the Northeast and United States, and have a well-deserved it cannot be backed up, that is, of the risks reputa.tion for fighting ab1lity. Of backing it up are so large that fulfillment Midwest stand to lose 2.4 percent of their It is usual to talk of the value of Turkey of the guarantee is not believable. And even share of jobs while the South and West for our allied security in rather general if a very risky guarantee were accepted, the are to lose only 1.2 percent of their share. terms. That makes it easy to dismiss its value settlement guaranteed would very likely be Almost 15 percent of the bases in the with some vague reference to technology or unstable. There has been a long history of Northeast and Midwest would be affected the 11ke. I would 11ke to illustrate Turkey's the importance of Turkey for military opera­ importance in some concrete detail. greatly-being closed completely or los­ tions in the area. Turkey was a key to our ing over half their personnel-while only First, on the importance of Turkey to successful intervention in Lebanon in 1S·58. Greece, which proponents of the embargo Our intervention at that time exploited the 6 percent of those in the South and 9 tend to think of, if at all, only in passing. strategic p•osition of Turkey and was greatly percent of those in the West risk such a Turkey's participation in NATO sharply in­ aided by it. large impact. creases Soviet force requirements for Bul­ To restore the role of Turkey in the alliahce This study by the Pentagon could re­ garian or combined Bulgarian-Soviet attacks we should end the embargo. The embargo in sult in a loss of over $109 million in direct on Greece. Turkish control of the Darda­ any case blocks compromise on Cyprus. The payroll expenditures in the Northeast nelles blocks the Soviets' sea 11nes. Turks will not bend to a public humiliation and Midwest. Secondary losses could NATO planes based in Turkey could in­ by a major ally. And those Greeks who see terdict Soviet sea and air movements to Bul­ Turkey only as a rival a.nd a danger and want climb to $94 million and 8,000 jobs. garia. The only invasion-supply route into it weakened will delay compromise to per­ I think it is time we took a look at the Greece which is not within easy artillery petuate the embargo. For the sake of Cyprus, larger picture when it comes to base range of Turkish forces is a single-track and for the mutual security of our allies. in­ realinements. It is time to stop propos­ railroad with a parallel road. With Turkey cluding Greece and Turkey, we should at long ing rcalinements for the sake of study and Greece cooperating in NATO this attack last bring the embargo to an end.e would be a much riskier adventure and and to make the moves only where there therefore one much less 11kely to be at­ is a definite advantage to be had which tempted or persuasively threwtened. And is not outweighed by disadvantages to most important, Soviet force would be less ECONOMITC ADVANCEMENT COAU­ the community. Finally, it is essential to likely to cast a political shadow. TION RELEASED STUDY OF PRO­ put a stop to discrimination in the selec­ On the importance of Turkey for the POSED MILITARY BASE REALINE­ tion of bases to be studied and to prevent whole of NATO's southern flank, and con­ MENTS regional imbalances.• sequently for the NATO center, Secretary of Defense Brown has been quite clear. If the flanks are neutral1zed by political or mil1- HON. TOM RAILSBACK HEATING WATER WITH SUN tary action, an adversary can concentrate OF ILLINOIS POWER-DOES IT PAY? more massively against the center. The de­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES fense of the center cannot be separated from the defense of either flank. Wednesday, June 14, 1978 HON. MORRIS K. UDALL In the defense of the Persian Gulf area, e Mr. RAILSBACK. Mr. Speaker, today 01!' ARIZONA however, the potential role of Turkey de­ the Northeast Midwest Economic Ad­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES serves concrete illustration. If the Soviets vancement Coalition released a study, can overfly Turkey a.t will, they can cut in Wednesday, June 14, 1978 half the time needed to deploy forces by air "Proposed Military Base Realinements: over Yugoslavia to an objective near the The Regional Impact." The results of • Mr. UDALL. Mr. Speaker, a lot of at­ Gulf. (Roughly the same is true for deploy- . this study confirm beliefs that I have had tention has been focused on the use of 17726 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 14, 1978 solar technologies to help reduce our (This is considered a conservative estimate ership of both Houses should afford the costly use of fossil fuels. But from my by many.) Congress that opportunity. own experience I believe that most people When the solar unit was initially installed During the debate on the conference ~till think in terms of promise and not we replaced our $25 a month electric bill with a $35 a month payment. Now we see by up­ report, the distinguished chairman of capability. I keep hearing that solar will the House Ways and Means Committee be great in the future-10 years from dating to 1980, our basic costs are: Cost of solar heater (unchanged), $35.00 a s~id, now, but that we cannot justify it today. I want to assure the Members that we will This is simply not true. For many ap­ month. Less savings incurred (up to 20.74 % ), be able to come in with a better financing plications solar energy is cost effective $36.25 month. mechanism. We will be able then to bring today. I was delighted to find a sound the payroll tax into a more reasonable analysis of the economics of solar hot Surplus, $1.25 month. p()sture. water heating by Mr. E. J. Sanaghan, Jr. In addition to the surplus shown above there are other factors. Let's say the home­ The chairman went on to assure the in the May 1978 issue of Arizona Busi­ owner did not purchase his solar heater in Members of this body that we could in­ ness/Industry Magazine. I would like to January '78 and it is now January 1980. The struct our constituencies that, share Mr. Sanaghan's analysis with my following statements could be made: The chairman of the Committee on Ways colleagues. (1) There would be no solar water heater and Means has assured them publicly that HEATING WATER WITH SuN POWER ... DOES IT in this home which would now add $2000 to he will move as expeditiously as possible, PAY? $3000 in real estate value. certainly within the next 5-year time frame, (By E. J. Sanyhan, Jr.) (2) Allowable tax credit has dropped 5 % toward adopting a nev· revenue mechanism each year as prescribed by law and the pres­ Is a solar water heater a good investment? whereby we can back off from these major ent (1980) credit is only 25 % . A loss of $180. increases .. .. Let's take an average household with an (3) The homeowner would have $662.82 in electric water heater, mbdern appliances, and cancelled checks from his utility company, Mr. Speaker, the chairman's job-like 2 to 4 members. With a premium solar water which would be worth nothing. No deduc­ patience is not shared by the taxpaying heater consisting of two solar collectors, a 66 tions on federal income tax due to interest public. By 1982, at the end of the chair­ gallon tank, and all miscellaneous compo­ paid, and no equity in real property has man's 5-year time frame, the maximum nents necessary to make a fully automatic resulted. system. . .. What are the costs? What are ARS sections 42-123.01 , and 42-123.37 pro­ employer and employee contribution will the advantages? Cost 1 for this unit is $35 a vides exemption from property tax increases both have risen to $2,130 from the 1978 month, 8 years finance. $45 a month, 5 years which may result from the addition of solar ceiling of $1,020-a 108-percent increase. finance. $1800 to purchase outright. systems to new or existing housing. As as­ If there is a lesson to be learned from As of January '78 this unit will reduce the sessed values continue rising it can amount the recent Jarvis-Gann initiative in Cali­ electric blll approximately $25 a month, to substantial savings. fornia it is this: taxpayers will no longer based on 450 KWH consumption by the water This analysis brings to light some startling tolerate irresponsible and unresponsive heater only. (The exact amount would de­ facts. The advantages mentioned are only the obvious ones which apply to nearly every fiscal management. Does anyone in this pend on billing rlemand, time of year, and body question how the social security total KWH consumption for a given billing homeowner. There are others also which are period.) too complex to figure in here. Can you afford conference report would have fared if it Cost of solar water heater, based on 8 year not to seriously check into the foregoing? had been offered as a national referen­ finance would be as follows: Remember, the energy you save is every­ dum? It would have been defeated. The one's, the money you save is yours.e Cost of solar heater, $35 month. American people would have thrown the Less savings incurred, $25 month. proposal back in to the lap of Congress Additional expense for using solar to heat with this message: Come up with a work­ water $10 month. able solution that does not entail a mam­ The State of Arizona has enacted incen­ SOCIAL SECURITY moth tax increase-that is what the tives to provide for rapid utilization of solar Congress is paid for. equipment. Chapter 81 Arizona Revised Stat­ Mr. Speaker, there is such a solution. utes (ARS) Section 43- 123.37, 43-128.03, HON. JOHN B. ANDERSON We can restore the financial integrity of 43-128.04 provides a 35 % tax credit for instal­ OF ILLINOIS lations of residential solar devices during the social security system without resort 1978. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to oppressive tax increases and we can do On the above described system this equates Wednesday, June 14. 1978 so without a raid on the general revenues. to a $630 refund, not a deduction, a refund. It can be done through a sound fiscal If the homeowner should owe the state only e Mr. ANDERSON of Illinois. Mr. plan that balances the needs of the social $400 this year, he will receive the remaining Speaker, 6 months ago today, 189 Mem­ security recipients with the concerns of $230 next year. bers of this body voted for passage of a the contributors. Just for discussion purposes, let's spread conference report to raise social secu­ The alternative that I am suggesting out the $630 over a 2 year period. $630-24= rity levies an additional $227 billion over is not new. It was offered last fall in the $26.25 a month. Moving back to our $10 a the next decade. To date, 134 of those House debate by our Republican col­ month additional expense and deducting our Members have announced their support tax credit which has been spread out over 2 leagues on the Ways and Means Commit­ years: for a rollback of the scheduled tax tee. It is, I think a reasoned response to hikes, and another 14 Members who an admittedly difficult problem. Outlay for solar vs. electric, $10.00 month. originally "paired for" the conference Tax credit subtracted, $26.25 month. The time for the consideration of this Surplus, $16.25 month. report have also signaled their support alternative is now. The Congress, for for a rollback. Yes, it is true, it is possible for a home­ once, should anticipate, rather than re­ owner to make money for 2 years by purchas­ When these commitments are added act to, taxpayers grievances . . ing a solar water heater. But what happens to the 163 Members who, like myself, cast The first of the scheduled increases after the 2 years? Are there still tax advan­ a vote against the conference report and from the social security bill goes into tages? Yes there are. the 22 Members who "paired against" it, effect, cleverly enough, in January of Before applying the tax credit, the new it is evident that a clear majority of the solar heater left this household with a lia­ next year, some 2 months after the fall b111ty of $10 a month, but I showed how that House is on record as favoring another congressional elections. switched to income because of the tax credit. look at social security financing. That should give the new Congress a 2- Now that all tax credit is received, we are Despite this miraculous conversion of year breathing period in which to defuse back where we started, but now it is January our House brethren, there is no indica­ the issue before the next election. But let 1980 and during the past two years the utili­ tion that social security financing will be the Congress beware: the voting tax­ ties have raised their rates at the same pace reconsidered in this session of Congress. they did for period of January '75 through payer is becoming more discerning, more January '78 which was 20.74 % annually.: Four weeks ago, the Ways and Means conscious of the tax burden and tax laws. Committee, in reversing an earlier vote, Like Abe said: You can fool some of the voted against a rollback of the payroll 1 Exempted from sales and use tax, ARS people all of the Lime, all of the people Chapter 42 Sections 42-1312.01, and 14-1409. tax increase scheduled for 1979 and 1980. some of the time, but you cannot fool all 2 January '75 through '78 increases, APS- But, a review of the December 15 de­ of the people all of the time. 18.06 % annually, SRP-22.89 % annually. The bate and subsequent events clearly dem­ I insert into the RECORD an earlier above obtained from APS and SRP customer onstrates that social security financing statement on the Conable-Archer Re­ information centers. needs to be rethought and that the lead- publican alternative: June 14, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 17727 STATEMENT ON A NEW REPUBLICAN INITIATIVE B. Put the system on a sound financial systems without reducing benefits or pro­ ON SOCIAL SECURITY BY CONGRESSMEN basis at least 75 years into the future by: te::tion for, or increasing contributions RHODES, CoNABLE, ARCHER, STEIGER, KETCH­ (1) Decoupling the automatic benefit ad­ from, participants in either program. UM AND ScHULZE justment mechanism (to correct a flaw in E. Remove the earnings limitation im­ the mechanism) and indexing workers' posed on beneficiaries. Under present law, We believe that the nation's social secu­ benefits are reduced and eventually elimi­ rity system should be restored to financial earnings records to wage trends. These changes follow generally the recommenda­ nated for earnings above $3,000 per year. stability on a long range basis. We owe this (The limitation is adjusted annually.) This not. only to the 100 million Americans who tions of both the Ford and Carter Adminis­ trations. This propos3.l would, however, ad­ proposal would boost the limit to $5,000 in support the system and the 34 million who 1978, to $7,500 in 1979, and remove it en­ already benefit from it, but to the next gen­ just the ultimate benefit level to account for overexpansion that has occurred since the tirely in 1980. eration as well. They de::erve no less. F. Freeze the minimum primary benefit We also believe that a number of long­ automatic adjustment flaw was enacted. A savings clause would be included guarantee­ at its current level of $114.30 per month, standing inequities in the system, especially but increase the special minimum benefit those related to the treatment of women, ing that no future retirees would receive lower benefits than they would have received ~rom a maximum of $180 to $219, and make should be corrected. under the present-day benefit formula as it 1t subject (as are other benefits) to auto­ We further believe that the system should matic annual adjustments in the future. be adjusted to changing American life was at the time of the change. (Decoupling and wage indexing would reduce the sys­ The minimum primary benefit goes, in large styles, that beneficiaries no longer should numbers, to governmental employees who be penalized for continuing to lead produc­ tem's long-range deficit by slightly more than half.) either "moonlight" or retire early and work tive lives, and that we should move closer just long enough under Social Security to toward truly universal social security cov­ (2) Advancing gradually and slowly­ from 65 to 68-the age at which full retire­ meet minimal eligibility requirements. The erage. special minimum applies only to those who And we believe these desirable goals can­ ment benefits would be payable. The adjust­ ment would not begin until 1990 and would have worked many years at relatively low and should-be attained without: (1) alter­ wages under the system. ing the basic structure or nature of the sys­ not reach m3.turity until 2001. Each year during that span the full benefit retirement G. Limit disability and survivorship ben­ tem; (2) adding heavily to tax burdens in efits to the maximum primary benefit pay­ the future; or (3) requiring any tax in­ age would be advanced by one quarter year. Workers could continue to retire as early as able to a worker reaching age 62. Under crease3 over the next several years, in light present law, some younger beneficiaries of an uncertain economy and current pay­ age 62 but with slightly greater actuarial re­ ductions than at present. Gradual and dis­ receive benefits substantially higher than roll levies on both employers and employees. those awarded older beneficiaries who have Toward these ends we are presenting, for tant implementation of this change, which is in keeping both with efforts to abolish worked longer under the syst{m. This pro­ the consideration of the Congress and the vision would rsmove that disparity.e American people, a comprehensive 15-point mandatory retirement policies and with in­ social security proposal. It would place the creased longevity and productivity of Amer­ system on a sound financial footing for at ican workers, is designed to permit orderly least the next 75 years, it would solve the retirement planning. (This provision would APPLICATION OF THE WAR POWERS immediate financial shortfall in the trust further reduce the system's deficit by about ACT TO AMERICAN INVOLVE­ 20 %.) funds, it would strengthen the system·~ in­ MENT IN ZAIRE surance character, and it would corre·ct a (3) Permanently reassigning one-fourth of number of inequities. It would do e.ll this the Medicare tax rate increase, scheduled with no tax increase until 1982 and with less next year, to the OASDI Trust Funds. This amount approximately equals additional HON. JIM LEACH than a 11;4 percent increase through the year OF IOWA 2050. money which would enter the Medicare The proposal does not, it should be empha­ Fund because of other provisions of this pro­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES sized, offer the myth of something-for-noth­ posal. Wednesday, June 14, 1978 ing. It is realistic. There are prices to pay for ( 4) Increasing tax rates for employees, the problems it solves. But we feel the prices employers and the self-employed in three • Mr. LEACH. Mr. Speaker, along with are reasonable, especially in view of obvious stages; 0.5 percent in 1982, 0.3 percent in Congressman JoHNSON of Colorado, I alternatives: (1) a drastic lowering of bene­ 1990, and 0.4 percent in 2000. This means have written today Chairman ZABLOCKI fits, (2) a heavy increase in payroll taxes that tax rates would rise, under this pro­ posal, less than 1-and-1;4 -percent over a 75- of the House International Relations now and in the future, or (3) the illusory use Committee and Chairman SPARKMAN of of general revenues, which would require year span. The Medicare tax reassignment substantial borrowing by the Treasury, an and the three-stage rate increase would re­ the Senate Foreign Affairs Committee to even bigger public debt, and eventually duce the remaining deficit to less than 0.5 % request that hearings be held on the higher taxes and more inflation for all. of taxable payroll-an actuarily sound possibility that the President has violated Our proposal, which includes a number of margin. the War Powers Act with respect to ac­ "tradeoffs," should be considered as a unit. C. Make four significant improvements in tions recently undertaken in Zaire. Its parts-interdependent and not inter­ the treatment of women under Social Secu­ Under the War Powers Act, the Presi­ changeable--have been blended carefully rity, by: dent is required to report to Congress into a particular whole, and it should be ( 1) Providing a new benefit-a "working spouse's benefit"-designed to give adequate within 48 hours after the introduction judged as such. of U.S. Armed Forces ''into hos­ As far as we know, this proposal stands recognition to wives who work outside the alone. If there is another-to solve the sys­ home. The benefit would be equal to (a) tilities or into situations where imminent tem's financial problems, to correct so many the higher benefit amount due either as a involvement in hostilities i'3 clearly indi­ of its inequities, and yet to cost the taxpay­ worker or the spouse of a worker, plus (b) cated by the circumstances." Section ers so relatively little-it has remained well 25 percent of the smaller of those two 8(c) of the act stipulates that the in­ hidden from public view. benefits. troduction of Armed Forces encompasses Specifically, our proposal would. (2) Reducing from 20 years to five years the duration-of-marriage requirement for those situations where American person­ A. Meet the immediate financial needs of nel are used "to command, coordinate, the Social Security Trust Funds by: one spouse to receive a benefit based on the ( 1) Reallocating taxes collected, between other's earnings record. This provision is participate in the movement of, or ac­ the Old Age and Survivors Insurance Fund designed to remove what many divorcees company the regular or irregular mili­ (OASI), and the Disability Insurance (DI) have come to view as an unfair and arbi­ tary forces of any foreign country or Fund, which is expected to become ex­ trary requirement. government when such military forces hausted soon if preventive steps are not (3) Ending the cutoff or reduction of are engaged, or there exists an imminent taken. benefits for beneficiaries who remarry. This threat that such forces will become en­ (2) Temporarily diverting three-fourths of provision is included largely because many gaged in hostilities." a Medicare tax rate increase (0.2% per em­ widows who rewed before reaching age 60, Reports, under this act, shall be sub­ ployee and employer) already scheduled to and divorced wives who remarry at any age, take place next year, to the OASI and DI lose entitlement to their benefits under mitted in writing to the Speaker of the Trust Funds. This diversion, which would current law. House of Representatives and to the not damage the Medicare Fund, would con­ (4) Amending the Social Security Act to President pro tempore of the Senate, set­ tinue only through 1981. remove all remaining sexually discrimina­ ting forth- (3) Permitting any of the three major tory language. First, the circumstances necessitating Trust Funds (OASI), DI and Medicare) to D. Move the nation's social insurance the introduction of U.S. Armed Forces; borrow from another if necessary and with system closer to the ideal of universal cover­ Second, the constitutional and legisla­ appropriate arrangements for repayment age by providing for the participation of all tive authority under which such intro­ with interest. This would be a permanent federal government employees, including provision, which should serve as a "fail safe" Members of Congress not otherwise covered, duction took place; and device against the insolvency of any of the by 1979. The objective is integration of the Third, the estimated scope and dura­ funds. Civil Service Retirement and Social Security tion of the hostilities or involvement. 17728 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 11,, 1978 Mr. Speaker, no one can responsibly that many of the fleeing Estonians were Prince Georges and Anne Arundel Coun­ condone Cuban and Soviet activity in killed before they reached their destina­ ties in congratulating the Bullets, and I Africa. However, the issue facing Ameri­ tions. know the fans in those areas are, as I am, can decisionmakers is how to respond The Estonians who remair.ed behind secure in the knowledge that this is but appropriately and at the same time in were drawn into the Nazi war effort and the first of many, many championships.• a constitutional fashion. In this regard, forced once again into more labor camps. the assignment of almost a hundred mili­ Nonetheless, they retained their strong tary support personnel to Zaire and the desire for independence and freedom and airlifting of Belgian, French, and Moroc­ soon a resistance group was organized. CARTER: LET ME MAKE IT PER­ can troops may be appropriate. But there However, these dreams were crushed FECTLY CLEAR is real question whether the failure of again when in 1944, Estonia was overrun the President to notify Congress and by the Soviet Army. HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK clarify administration intentions, as re­ Soviet domination of Estonia continues quired by statute, represents an abridge­ to this day although conditions are not OF OHIO ment of the constitutional authority of as bad as they were under the original IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the Executive. Soviet Jccupation. The United States has Wednesday, June 14, 1978 For the first time since passage of the never recognized the Soviet annexation e Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, one of War Powers Act its provisions are being of Estonia. Consequently, recognition of the prevailing thoughts that American tested. The precedents we establish today the Estonian Republic by the United citizens have been voicing in recent will set a model for future Executive States in 1922 has never been invali­ months is that President Carter does not action. dated. speak in clear and consistent terms. It There are indications that what was There will be no public ceremonies in usually takes a few years for the public initially described as a rescue operation Estonia today to mark this infamous to catch up with double talk, reversals :n in Zaire has been transferred into active date. But others around the world who position and just plain political dema­ American involvement in a controversial appreciate what freedom and independ­ goguery. In the case of Mr. Carter, the civil war. Whether American action is ence mean will remember the brave leadtime was cut to a bare minimum for too strong or not strong enough is not Estonian people and hov,r they fought this process. The public has caught on at issue here. What is at issue is com­ against the twin tyrannies of commu­ and his credibility has plummeted like a pliance with the law and the precedent nism and nazism.e burned out meteor. t.~at is established for Presidential action The scores of campaign promises which at a later date.• have been repudiated are now legend. None sticks out so clearly as the tortured WASHINGTON BULLETS-WORLD and ambiguous path of the President's CHAMPIONS positions on the issue of deregulation of THE ESTONIAN EXPERIENCE natural gas. They wend all over the place from his original letter to the Governor HON. MARJORIE S. HOLT of Oklahoma during the campaign, a let­ HON. WILLIAM J. HUGHES OF MARYLAND ter which said, in the old cliche "I am OF NEW JERSEY IN THE HOU~E OF REPRESENTATIVES with you boys" to outright opposition, to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Wednesday, June 14, 1978 compromise to succesive repudiation of Wednesday, June 14, 1978 • Mrs. HOLT. Mr. Speaker, in the past his last stated position. • Mr. HUGHES. Mr. Speaker, in Febru­ week the suburban Maryland and Wash­ Here are some of his more lucid state­ ary of each year, many of us in the ington area has been unified in spirit by m~nts on this significant national issue: ·'I wm work with tl·.e Congress . .. to de­ House of Representatives pay tribute to a unique group of individuals-the regulate new natural gas.' '-Jimmy Carter, the people of Estonia by calling the Washington Bullets. This team has put October 1976. Nation's attention to the anniversary of a smile on every area sports fan's face "Deregulation of natural gas is something Estonia's independence. Unfortunately, by achieving the ultimate in professional that I'm committed to for a limited period Estonia's independence was short lived. basketball-the world championship. of time."-President Carter, March 1977. Today, I would like to remind my col­ What has made the Bullets so excit­ "I will work carefully toward deregulation leagues of a sad date in Estonian history ing over the past few months is not that of newly discovered natural gas as market conditions permlt."-President Carter, April when approximately 1 Y2 percent of the they have been winning so much as it is 1977. total population of Estonia was deported how they have been winning. This cham­ "The unnecessary action to deregulate to slave labor camps in Siberia and other pionship was the result of a team effort natural gas is particularly serious ... the northern regions of Russia in 1941. all the way, with every member of the President considers that action to be a di­ Earlier, the Soviets had subverted the team contributing to the final victory. rect and extremely serious deviation from legitimate Estonian Government which The Bullets team has its share of stars, the basic fairness of the energy plan.''-Press !eft the doors wide open for the terror to of course, but those stars are always will­ Secretary Jody Powell, June 1977. (Comment come. ing to sacrifice personal achievement for on House subcommittee vote in favor of de­ the good of the team. regulation.) In June of 1940, a Soviet ultimatum "I hate to veto a blll that a Democratic asked for the reconstitution of the The spirit of this year's Bullets epit­ Congress passes, but you can depend on it, Estonian Government and the forma­ omizes the good side of athletic compe­ I'll protect your interests when the bill comes tion of one friendly to the Soviet Union tition. A group of talented individuals to my desk.''-President Carter, July 1977. and "able and willing to secure the hon­ working together for a common goal. (Comments to political rally on what he est application of the Soviet-Estonian This is the essence of team spirit, and would do if Congress approved deregulation.) the Bullets have proven what team spirit "If we deregulate natural gas prices, then mutual assistance treaty." Almost imme­ the price wlll go to 15 times more than nat­ diately, the Soviet Army occupied the can accomplish. ural gas prices were in 1973.''-President country. The team has given my constituents Carter, October 1977. Soon after the Soviets had established and myself many hours of excitement "I don't have any inclination to abandon their military installations in Estonia, over the past year. In spite of injuries support of the anti-deregulation House posi­ the number of arrests mushroomed. It and several other unfortunate twists of tion.''-President Carter, November 1977. is estimated that 60 ,000 Estonians were athletic fate, the Bullets put it all to­ "Q. Mr. President, are you willing to ac­ gether when they had to, and swept past cept energy legislation that in a few years arrested, imprisoned and herded into would lead to the deregulation of natural freight cars and exiled to distant parts Atlanta, San Antonio, Philadelphia, and gas? · of the Soviet Union. Others fled to Seattle on the way to their first world "The PRESIDENT. Yes, I am. This was a Sweden and still more crossed into Ger­ championship. campaign statement and commitment of many. Historical accounts also tell us I know I speak for all the people in mine.''-President Carter, March 1978.e June 14, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 17729 SENATE COMMITTEE MEETINGS JUNE 19 10:00 a.m. 9:00a.m. Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Title IV of the Senate Resolution 4, Finance Rural Housing Subcommittee agreed to by the Senate on February 4, Taxation and Debt Management Generally To continue overaight hearings on the 1977, calls for establishment of a system Subcommittee impact of solar energy on rural for a computerized schedule of all meet­ To hold hearings on pending proposed housing. ings and hearings of Senate committees, tax legislation. 5302 Dirksen Building subcommittees, joint committees, and 2221 Dirksen Building Human Resources committees of conference. This title re­ Judiciary Health and Scientific Research quires all such committees to notify the Improvements in Judicial Machinery Sub­ Subcommittee Office of the Senate Daily Digest-des­ committee To resume markup of S. 2755, the Drug ignated by the Rules Committee-of the To hold hearings on S. 3107, to insure the Regulation Reform Act. bankruptcy offices shall be maintained 4232 Dirksen Building time, place, and purpose of all meet~gs Judiciary when scheduled, and any cancellatiOns separate and apart from the offices of the U.S. district court clerk. Criminal Laws and Procedures or changes in meetings as they occur. 2228 Dirksen Building Subcommittee As an interim procedure until the com­ Select Small Business To continue hearings on S. 1766, pro­ puterization of this information beco~n:es To hold hearings on S. 836, to improve posed Federal Computer Systems Pro­ operational the Office of the Senate DailY the surety bond program provided by tection Act. Digest will prepare this information for the Small Business Investment Act. 1318 Dirksen Building printin~ in the Extensions of Remarks 424 Russell Building ·Joint Economic section of the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD On 9:30a.m. To resume hearings on economic Monday and Wednesday of each week. Environment and Public Works change, including demographic, em­ Any changes in.committees scheduling Regional and Community Development ployment, and infta tion. Subcommittee 1202 Dirksen Building will be indicated by placement of an Select Indian Affairs asterisk to the left of the name of the To hold hearings on S. 1493, to provide financial and technical assistance to To hold hearings on S. 3153, the Rhode unit conducting such meetings. States, local governments, and Indian Island Indian Claims Settlement Act. Meetings scheduled for Thursday, tribes to manage impacts caused by 6226 Dirksen Building June 15, 1978, may be found in Daily energy development. JUNE 21 Digest of today's RECORD. 4200 Dirksen Building 9:30a.m. MEETINGS SCHEDULED 10:00 a.m. Human Resources Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Alcoholism and Drug Abuse JUNE 16 Rural Housing Subcommittee 9:00a.m. Subcommittee To hold oversight hearings on the im­ Human Resources To resume hearings jointly with the pact of solar energy on rural housing. Judiciary Subcommittee on Juvenile Employment, Poverty, and Migratory La­ 5302 Dirksen Building Delinquency on S. 2778, and other bor Subcommittee Energy and Natural Resources proposals, to tighten controls on and To hold hearings to examine the recent Public Lands and Resources Subcommittee to increase penalties for the manu­ change of methodology used by the To resume hearin~s on S. 3046 and 707, facture and distribution of the drug Bureau of Labor Statistics for comput­ granting the power of eminent do­ PCP (angel dust) . ing unemployment figures and the main to coal slurry pipelines in cer­ 2228 Dirksen Building effect of such change on the distribu­ tain circumstances. Select Small Business tion of CETA funds. 3110 Dirksen Building Monopoly and Anticompetitive Activities 4232 Dirksen Building Judiciary Subcommittee 9:30a.m. CriminA.! Laws and Procedures Subcom­ To continue hearings on the Federal Commerce, Science, and Transportation mittee Government patent policy. Aviation Subcommittee To hold hearings on S. 1766, proposed 424 Russell Building To continue hearings on S. 747, S. 3064, Federal Computer Systems Protection 10:00 a.m. and H.R. 8729, proposed Aircraft and Act. Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Airport Noise Reduction Act. 457 Russell Building Financial Institution:; Subcommittee 235 Russell Building JUNE 20 To hold heartngs on H.R. 10899, the In­ Environment and Public Works 9:00a.m. ternational Bankin~ Act. Environmental Pollution Subcommittee Judiciary 5302 Dirksen Building To mark up of S. 2900, proposed Oil Sp1ll Improvements in Judicial Machinery Sub­ Energy and Natural Resources Liability Fund and Compensation Act. committee To mark upS. 499, 1500, 1546, 1787, 2465, 4200 Dirksen Building To hold hearings on S. 3100, to provide and 2944, to designate or add certain 10:00 a.m. greater discretion to the Supreme lands in Alaska to the National Parks, Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Court in selecting the cases it will re­ National Wild and Scenic Rivers. and To resume hearings on S. 72, to restrict view. National Wilderness Preservation the activities in which registered bank 2228 Dirksen Building systems. 3110 Dirksen Building holding companies may engage, and to 9:30a.m. Environment and Public Works control the acquisition of banks by Environment and Public Works holding companies and other banks. To hold hearings on the Federal acqui: Resource Protection Subcommittee 5302 Dirksen Building sition and renovation of Union Station To hold hearings on the environmental Energy and Natural Resources in Nashville, Tennessee. impact aspects (section 5) of s. 3077, 4200 Dirksen Building To hold oversight hearings on relations proposed Export-Import Bank Act Rules and Administration between the Department of Energy and Amendments. segments of the energy industry. 4200 Dirksen Building To mark up S. 2 and S. 1244, to require periodic reauthorization of Govern­ 3110 Dirksen Building Environment and Public Works Foreign Relations ment programs. and to consider other Nuclear Regulation Subcommittee commtttee business. Arms Control, Oceans, and International To resume hearings on S. 3146, 2761, 301 Russell Building Environment Subcommittee and 2804, to expand the jurisdiction Joint Ec•:momic To receive a report from Ambassador of the NRC over nuclear waste stor­ To continue hearings on economic Richardson on the Seventh Session of age and disposal fac111ties. change, including demographic, em­ the UN Law of the Sea Conference. 1114 Dirksen Building ployment, ~nd inflation. 4221 Dirksen Building Select Small Business S-207, Capitol Joint Economic Monopoly and Anticompetitive Activities 10:30 a.m. To resume hearings on economic change, Subcommittee Judiciary including demographic, employment, To resume hearings on the Federal Gov­ Business meeting on pending calendar and inflation. ernment patent policy. business. S-207, Capitol 424 Russell Building 2300 Dirksen Building 17730 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 14, 1978 JUNE 22 10:00 a.m. Finance 9:30a.m. Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Taxation and Debt Management Generally •Environment and Public Works. To resume hearings on S. 72, to restrict Subcommittee To consider s. 1493, to provide financial the activities in which registered bank To continue hearings on S. 3065, 2608, and technical assistance to States, lo­ holding companies may engage, and and 2428, proposals affecting the tax­ cal governments, and Indian tribes to to control the acquisition of banks by ation of capital gains. manage impacts caused by energy de­ holding companies and other banks. 2221 Dirksen Building velopment and to consider pending 5302 Dirksen Building Special on Aging nominations. Environment and Public Works To resume hearings on the degree to 4200 Dirksen Building Water Resources Subcommittee which older Americans are purchas­ Judiciary To hold hearings on S. 1592, to terminate ing more private health insurance Constitution Subcommittee further construction of the Cross­ than needed to supplement gaps in To hold hearings on S. 3162 and 3164, Florida Barge Canal project. the Medicare programs. proposed Citizen's Privacy Protection 4200 Dirksen Building 457 Russell Building Amendment. JUNE 26 10:00 a.m. 2228 Dirksen Building 9:30a.m. Judiciary Veterans' Affairs Select Small Business Penitentiaries and Corrections Subcom­ Compensation and Pension Subcommittee Monopoly and Anticompetitive Activities mittee To hold hearings on S. 879 and H .R . 6501 Subcommittee To hold oversight hearings on the to provide increased awards of service­ To resume hearings on the Federal Gov­ Bureau of Prisons, with emphasis on connected compensation to certain ernment patent policy. west coast prison fac111ties. veterans who have suffered the loss or 318 Russell Building 2228 Dirksen Building loss of use of paired extremities, and JUNE 27 JULY 12 S. 2828, the Veterans Disability Com­ 9 :00a.m . 9 :30a.m. pensation and Survivor Benefits Act. Judiciary Environment and Public Works 6226 Dirksen Building Nuclear Regulation Subcommittee 10:00 a .m . Improvements in Judicial Machinery Sub­ committee To resume hearings on S. 2775, to im­ Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs To resume hearings on S. 2857, proposed prove the siting and licensing process To resume markup of S. 50, the Full for nuclear power reactors. Employment and Balanced Growth Customs Courts Acts. 4232 Dirksen Building 6226 Dirksen Building Act. 10:00 a.m. JULY 13 5302 Dirksen Building 9:30a.m. Commerce, Science, and Transportation Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs To resume mark up of S. 50, the Full Environment and Public Works Merchant Marine and Tourism Subcom­ Nuclear Regulation Subcommittee mittee Employment and Balanced Growth Act. To continue hearings on s. 2775, to im­ To resume hearings on S. 2873, proposed prove the siting and licensing process Ocean Shipping Act. 5302 Dirksen Building for nuclear reactors. 235 Russell Building JUNE 28 9:00a.m. 6226 Dirksen Building Energy and National Resources JULY 18 To continue markup of S. 499, 1500, Commerce, Science, and Transportation 10:00 a.m. 1546, 1787, 2465, and 2944, to designate Consumer Subcommittee Human Resources or add certain lands in Alaska to the To hold hearings on the procedures of Health and Scientific Research Subcom­ National Parks, National Wild and EPA and the Consumer Product Safety mittee Scenic Rivers, and National Wilderness Commission as relates to chronic Preservation Systems. hazards. To resume mark up of S. 2755, the Drug Regulation Reform Act, and S. 3115, 3110 Dirksen Building 235 Russell Building 9 :30a.m. to establish a comprehensive disease Joint Economic prevention and health promotion To continue hearings on economic Environment and Public Works program in the U.S. change including demographic, em­ Nuclear Regulation Subcommittee 4232 Dirksen Building ployment, and infiation. To resume hearings on S. 2775, to im­ JULY 20 318 Russell Building prove the siting and licensing process Select Small Business 10:00 a .m. for nuclear power reactors. Human Resources To mark up H .R. 11318, to amend and 4200 Dirksen Building extend through FY 1980 authorizations Finance Health and Scientific Research Subcom­ mittee for the SBA; S. 836, to improve the Taxation and Debt Management Generally surety bond program provided by the Subcommittee To resume mark up of S. 2775, the Drug Small Business Investment Act; S. To hold hearings on S. 3065, 2608, and Regulation Reform Act, and S. 3115, 2156, the Minority Enterprise Venture 2438, proposals affecting taxation of to establish a comprehensive disease Capital Act; and S. 2259, to expand and capital gains. prevention and health promotion program in the U.S. revise procedures for insuring small 2221 Dirksen Building business participation in Government 10:00 a.m. 4232 Dirksen Building procurement activities. Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs JULY 21 424 Russell Building 10:00 a .m . 10:30 a .m. To continue mark up of S. 50, the Full Employment and Balanced Growth Human Resources Judiciary Act. Health and Scientific Research Subcom­ mittee To hold hearings on the nominations of 5302 Dirksen Building Santiago E. Campos, to be U.S. district To continue mark up of S. 2755, the Drug JUNE 29 judge for the district of New Mexico, 9:00a.m. Regulation Reform Act, and S. 3115, and Louis H . Pollack, to be U.S. dis­ to establish a comprehensive disease trict judge for the eastern district of Commerce, Science, and Transportation prevention and health promotion Pennsylvania. Consumer Subcommittee program in the U.S. 2228 Dirksen Building To hold oversight hearings on auto 4232 Dirksen Building odometer requirements. JUNE 23 CANCELLATIONS 9:00a.m. 235 Russell Building 9:30a.m. JUNE 22 Judiciary Environment and Public Works 10 :00 a.m. Improvements in Judicial Machinery Sub­ Nuclear Regulations Subcommittee Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs committee To continue hearings on S. 2775, to im­ To hold hearings on S. 2857, proposed Financial Institutions Subcommittee prove the siting &nd licensing process To continue hearings on H.R. 10899, the Customs Courts Act. for nuclear power reactors. 4232 Dirksen Building International Banking Act. 4200 Dirksen Building 5302 Dirksen Building