Not All Animals Have Skeletons Like Ours. We Can Classify Living Things Depending on If They Have a Back Bone (Spine) Or Not

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Not All Animals Have Skeletons Like Ours. We Can Classify Living Things Depending on If They Have a Back Bone (Spine) Or Not

Canonbury Home Learning Year 3 Science Lesson 7 LO: identify that humans and some other animals have skeletons and muscles for support, protection and movement. If you can, start by watching these clips all about skeletons: https://www.bbc.co.uk/teach/class-clips- video/science-ks2-how-do-muscles-and- bones-work/zfgtscw https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/clips/zmj8q6f Not all animals have skeletons like ours. We can classify living things depending on if they have a back bone (spine) or not. We call these vertebrates or invertebrates: A further classification of skeletons comes from if an animal has a skeleton and where it is. All vertebrates have an endoskeleton. However invertebrates can be divided again between those with an exoskeleton and those with a hydrostatic skeleton. Endoskeletons Animals with endoskeletons have skeletons on the inside of their bodies. As the animal grows so does their skeleton. Endoskeletons are lighter than exoskeletons. Canonbury Home Learning Exoskeletons Animals with exoskeletons have their skeletons on the outside! Exoskeletons do not grow with the animal. Therefore the animal has to shed its skeleton and produce a new one! Here is a clip of a crab getting rid of his old exoskeleton: https://vimeo.com/37438364 Hydrostatic Skeletons Animals with hydrostatic skeletons don’t actually have any bones! Instead these animals have a fluid-filled compartment in their body called a coelom. Task: Create a poster or presentation (you can do this using film/power point/purple mash) about the different types of skeletons living things have. You need to find out at least 3 examples of animal that have each skeleton (endoskeleton, exoskeleton, hydrostatic skeleton) and research the pros and cons of each type of skeleton. Use research to complete this table to help you with your poster: .

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Endoskeleton
THE EVOLUTION OF THE VERTEBRATE ENDOSKELETON AN ESSAY ON THE SIGNIFICANCE AND) MEANING OF' SEGMENTATION IN COELOMATE ANIMIALS By W1T. 13. PRIMIROSE, M.B.. Cii.B. Lately Seniior Deniionistrator of lAnatomtiy i? the (nWizversity (of Glasgozc THE EVOLUTION OF THE VERTEBRATE ENDOSKELETON WVHEN investigating the morphology of the vertebrate head, I found it necessary to discover the morphological principles on which the segmentation of the body is founded. This essay is one of the results of this investigations, and its object is to show what has determined the segmented form in vertebrate animals. It will be seen that the segmented form in vertebrates results from a condition which at no time occurs in vertebrate animals. This condition is a form of skeleton found only in animals lower in the scale of organisation than vertebrates, and has the characters of a space containing water. This space is the Coelomic Cavity. The coelomic cavity is the key to the formation of the segmented structure of the body, and is the structure that determines the vertebrate forni. The coclomic cavity is present in a well defined state from the Alnelida tuwards, so that in ainielides it is performing the functions for which a coelom was evolved. It is, however, necessary to observe the conditions prevailing anon)g still lower forms to see why a separate cavity was formed in animals, which became the means of raising them in the scale of organisation, and ultimately leading to the evolution of the vertebrate animal. I therefore propose to trace the steps in evolution by which, I presume, the coelomic cavity originated, and then show how it or its modifications have been the basis on which the whole vertebrate structure of animals is founded.
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ZOOLOGY Zoology 109 (2006) 164–168
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