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Design of Helical Spring Suspension Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR) Vol-3, Issue-4, 2017 ISSN: 2454-1362, http://www.onlinejournal.in Design of Helical Spring Suspension Ragupathi.P1, Dhayanidhi. E2, Arunachalam. S3, Jegadeshwaran. A4, 5 Kamal Hassan. P 1Asst.Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Muthayammal Engineering College, Rasipuram, Namakkal (D.T), TamilNadu 2, 3, 4,5UG Students, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Muthayammal Engineering College, Rasipuram, Namakkal (D.T), TamilNadu Abstract-In a Vehicle; problems were happen while or luggage from damage and wear. The design of driving on bumping road condition. The prime front and rear suspension of a car may be moto of this paper is to model and analyze the differentia coil spring, also known as a helical performance of shock absorber by changing the spring, is a mechanical device which is typically wire diameter and material of the coil spring. The used to store energy and subsequently release it, to shock absorbers duty is to absorb or dissipate absorb shocks, or to maintain a force between energy. It reduces the effect of travelling over contacting surfaces. They are made of an elastic rough ground, leading to improved ride quality and material formed into the shape of as helix which increase in comfort due to substantially reduced returns to its natural length when unloaded. Under amplitude of disturbance. When a vehicle is riding tension or compression, the material of a coil on a level road and the wheels strikes a bump, then spring undergoes torsion. The spring characteristics the spring compressed quickly. The compressed therefore depend only on its shears modulus not on spring will regain its original length and causing its young’s modulus. the body to be lifted. Then the weight of vehicle will A coil spring may also be used as a torsion then push the spring down below its normal loaded spring in this case the spring as a whole is height. This in turns causes the spring to rebound subjected to torsion about its helical axis. The again. This process occurs over and over by each material of the spring is thereby subjected to a time, until the up and down movement stops. bending moment, either reducing or increasing the Hence, the spring design in a suspension system is helical radius. In this mode, it is the young’s utmost crucial. The analysis is performed by modulus of the material. Some types of coil spring considering the mass of Hybrid vehicle car and are tension or extension spring, compression coil with person seated on it. This Hybrid vehicle car is spring, volute spring, and Torsion spring. The made by our team for a challenge organized by tension coil springs, are designed to resist Imperial Society of Innovative Engineers stretching. They are usually having a hook or eye (ISIE).The comparison is done by changing the form at the each end for attachment. The wire diameter of the coil spring to check the best compression coil spring, are designed to resist dimension for the spring in shock absorber. being compressed. A typical use for compression Keywords: Shock Absorber, Helical Spring, coil springs is in car suspension system. The Volute Deflection, Analysis, Creo Parametric 3.0, ANSYS springs are used as heavy load compression Workbench 14.5 springs. A strip of plate is rolled into the shape of both helix and a spiral. When compressed, the strip I.INTRODUCTION is stiffer edge on than a wire coil, but the spiral arrangement allows the turns to overlap rather than bottoming out an each other. The torsion spring, Suspension is the system of tires, tire air, are designed to resist the twisting actions. Often springs, shock absorbers and linkages that connects associated to clothes pegs or up and over garage a vehicle to its wheels and allows relative motion doors. Creo is a family of design software between the two. This system us support both road supporting product design for discrete holding or handling and ride quality, which are at manufacturers and is developed by PTC. The suite odds with each other. The tuning suspension consist of apps, each delivers a distinct set of involves finding the right compromise. It is capabilities for a user role within product important for the for the suspension to keep the development. It runs on Microsoft Windows and road wheels in contact with the road surface as provides application for 3D CAD parametric much as possible, because all the road or ground features solid modeling, 3D Direct modeling, 2D forces acting on the vehicle do so through the orthographical Views, Finite Element Analysis and contact patches of the vehicle itself and any cargo its Simulation, Schematic Design, Technical Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR) Page 1421 Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR) Vol-3, Issue-4, 2017 ISSN: 2454-1362, http://www.onlinejournal.in Illustrations, and Viewing and Visualizing.Creo individual elements to the linked system. When the elements and Creo parametric compete directly effects of loads and boundary conditions are with CATIA, Siemens NX/Solid edge and Solid considered, a set of linear or nonlinear algebraic works. The creo suite of application replaces and equations is usually obtained. Solution of these supersedes PTC’s Products formerly known as Pro equations gives the approximate behavior of the ENGINEERS, CoCreate, and product View. It has continuum or system. The continuum has an many software package solutions and features. By infinite number of degrees of freedom (DOF), using the software Creo Parametric 3.0 we have while the discredited model has a finite number of designed the 3D solid model and spring. When DOF. This is the origin of the name, finite element compared to other 3D modeling software Creo 1.1 OBJECTIVE parametric is easy to design and for assembly The objective of the work is as follows: process. The detailed view is shown in fig.1 and 2. 1. The selection of material for helical spring suspension. 2. To construct the suitable helical spring suspension for a comfort driving. 3. To determine the maximum stress and deflection. II. LITRETATURE REVIEW For providing the best design of spring coil for the suspension system of Hybrid Vehicle Fig 1. Spring Model car, a lot of technical papers and journals were studied. The following list presents the grids of main papers which are referred throughout the project duration. K.Vinay Kumar et.al [1] used three different materials like alloy steel, chromium vanadium steel; stainless steel was used with a constant load of 850N. Among the above materials alloy steel material gave the better stress and deformation values. Mostly prefer alloy steel Fig 2. Spring with Shock Absorber material for bike suspension spring due it its material stability and ductility by observing those Many problems in engineering and analysis stress and deformation values. Alloy steel applied science are governed by differential or material is staying stable up to load 2550N. Later, integral equations. The solutions to these equations by increasing loads the stress was crossing the would provide an exact, closed form solution to the yield strength of the material due to that the particular problem being studied. However, breaking of spring will be takes place. Therefore, complexities in the geometry, properties and in the from the above practical result alloy steel material boundary conditions that are seen in most real is more stable and gives good efficiency compared world problems usually means that an exact to other two materials. solution cannot be obtained in a reasonable amount of time. They are content to obtain approximate Prince Jerome Christopher et.al. [2] solutions that can be readily obtained in a designed a Shock Absorber used for 160 cc bike reasonable time frame and with reasonable Effort. and they have modeled it by using 3D parametric The FEM is one such approximate solution software, Pro/Engineer. The shock absorber design technique. The FEM is a numerical procedure for is modified by reducing the diameter and stress obtaining approximate solutions to many of the analysis is performed. The stress value is lesser in problems encountered in engineering analysis. In the designed spring then in original which adds an the FEM, a complex region defining continuums advantage to the design. By comparing the results discredited into simple geometric shapes called in the table they could analyze that the modified elements. The properties and the governing spring has reduced in weight and is safe. relationships are assumed over these elements and N.Lavanya et.al. [3] Discussed about the expressed mathematically in terms of unknown vonmises stress and strain induced in chromium Values at specific points in the elements called vanadium steel and low carbon structural steel in nodes. An assembly process is used to link the various condition. The total mechanical stress and Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR) Page 1422 Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR) Vol-3, Issue-4, 2017 ISSN: 2454-1362, http://www.onlinejournal.in strain values obtained for chromium vanadium is 4. No.of.Turn n 9 best suitable for the production of helical spring 5. Pitch at start - 15 mm when compared with the low carbon structural 6. Pitch at end - 10 mm steel. 7. Pitch by value - 20 mm Logavigneshwaran et.al. [4] Redesigned that the stress acting on the shock absorber is reduced. The proposed redesign will reduce the 3.2 Theoretical Calculations: deformation an induced stress magnitude for the The sample calculation for the helical same applied loading conditions when compared spring is carried out for the various loading with the existing design. This in turns increases the condition and is tabulated below in table.2. life of shock absorber by reducing its failures.
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