DOCSLIB.ORG

The Potential of Living Walls to Host Pollinator Habitat

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Potential of Living Walls to Host Pollinator Habitat Master thesis in Sustainable Development 2019/39 Examensarbete i Hållbar utveckling The Potential of Living Walls to Host Pollinator Habitat Shirin El Ghomari DEPARTMENT OF EARTH SCIENCES INSTITUTIONEN FÖR GEOVETENSKAPER Master thesis in Sustainable Development 2019/39 Examensarbete i Hållbar utveckling The Potential of Living Walls to Host Pollinator Habitat Shirin El Ghomari Supervisor: Ann-Mari Fransson Subject Reviewer: Christine Haaland Copyright © Shirin El Ghomari and the Department of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University Published at Department of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University (www.geo.uu.se), Uppsala, 2019 Content 1 Introduction ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1 2 Background ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4 2.1 Definitions and Assumptions --------------------------------------------------------------------------4 2.1.1 Pollinators-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4 2.1.2 Living Walls----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4 2.2 Background Literature ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------5 2.2.1 Pollinator Habitat Requirements ----------------------------------------------------------------------5 2.2.2 Plant Requirements on Living Walls----------------------------------------------------------------- 6 3 Methods --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------7 4 Results ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------9 4.1 Literature Review----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------9 4.1.1 Plants Available on Living Walls and Potential Habitats------------------------------------------ 9 4.1.2 Favourable Plants and Habitat for Pollinators ------------------------------------------------------10 4.2 Survey Results-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------15 4.2.1 Survey response -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------15 4.2.2 Nesting Sites-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 15 4.2.3 Nutrients, water and soil------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 18 4.2.4 Soil Type------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 19 4.2.5 pH Range------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 22 4.2.6 Plant heights-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 23 4.2.7 Plant diversity ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------24 4.2.8 RHS perfect for pollinator’s logo-------------------------------------------------------------------- 27 5 Discussion ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------28 5.1 Reconstructing Habitat in Practice ------------------------------------------------------------------30 5.2 Other Benefits-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------32 5.3 Are they Sustainable? ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------33 6 Conclusion ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------34 7 Acknowledgements -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------35 8 References ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------35 9 Appendix -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------40 9.1 Living Wall Questionnaire----------------------------------------------------------------------------40 9.2 Plant recommendations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------42 The Potential of Living Walls to Host Pollinator Habitat SHIRIN EL GHOMARI El Ghomari, S., 2019: The Potential of Living Walls to Host Pollinator Habitat. Master thesis in Sustainable Development at Uppsala University, No. 2019/39, 62 pp, 15 ECTS/hp. Abstract: Pollinator biodiversity and abundance is an ecosystem service vital for humans, provisioning a range of essential goods including food, fibre and medicines. Despite this, pollinators are under threat and are experiencing global declines. Habitat loss is a driving force behind such declines and, as such, the potential to provision more pollinator habitat is of interest. Currently, urban areas host abundant unused space in the forms of roofs and walls, which could be utilized to provision some pollinators with additional forage, and possibly nesting sites, without compromising human use of the land. While several studies exist regarding the habitat potential of living roofs, the impact of living walls on biodiversity is little studied. This paper sets out a theoretical approach on whether living walls could be used to host pollinator habitat by surveying living wall manufacturers regarding the physical properties of the living wall systems they use and their plant choice. Keywords: Sustainable development, biodiversity, pollinators, living walls, urban greening. Shirin El Ghomari, Department of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University, Villavägen 16, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden The Potential of Living Walls to Host Pollinator Habitat SHIRIN EL GHOMARI El Ghomari, S., 2019: The Potential of Living Walls to Host Pollinator Habitat. Master thesis in Sustainable Development at Uppsala University, No. 2019/39, 62 pp, 15 ECTS/hp. Summary: Pollinators are vital for human wellbeing and survival, being essential for the continued propagation of most plants, which in turn provide a range of essential goods such as food and medicines. Pollinators are, however, globally declining. Habitat loss due to factors such as agriculture, urbanization and climate change are driving forces behind such declines and there is a growing need to provision pollinators with more habitat to forage and nest. As countryside becomes increasingly degraded, urban landscapes are becoming important for wildlife. Currently, many bare walls and roofs exist in cities offering space that’s largely unutilized. Much of this space has potential to support plant life that could provide foraging opportunities to help support pollinators while not disturbing human land use. Nevertheless, the potential of greened walls to benefit biodiversity is little studied. This paper therefore seeks to investigate whether living walls, a type of green wall, could provide pollinator habitat by surveying living wall manufacturers regarding the features of their living wall systems and the plants they recommend. Keywords: Sustainable development, biodiversity, pollinators, living walls, urban greening. Shirin El Ghomari, Department of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University, Villavägen 16, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden 1. Introduction Healthy biodiversity contributes to a range of ecosystem services. Among these is pollination which provides humans with multiple benefits including food, plant-based medicines, fibre, genetic diversity and improved ecosystem resilience (Bauer & Wing 2016, Potts et al. 2010). It’s estimated that animals pollinate 90% of all plant species (Evans et al. 2018, Menz et al. 2011), and among these pollinators, insects, and particularly bees, are the most prevalent. By volume, pollinators contribute to 35% of global food, but by species, 75% of cultivated plants require animals for their reproduction. These species include many forage and vegetable crops and the majority of fruits and seeds (Nicholls & Altieri 2013, Potts et al. 2010, Steffan-Dewenter et al. 2005), which are important nutritional sources for humans. As such, pollinators are important to a country’s food security and economy (Breeze et al. 2012) and globally this ecosystem service is worth more than $100 billion annually (Nicholson & Ricketts 2019). The value of pollinator biodiversity to agriculture can be underestimated, however. It’s been suggested that a few generalist pollinators could maintain pollination services (Steffan-Dewenter et al. 2005) with the generalist European honey bee, Apis mellifera, often credited as agriculture’s most valuable pollinator (Evans et al. 2018, Bortolotti et al. 2016). However, while honeybees can pollinate most crops (Breeze et al. 2012), generalised crops, specialized crops, and even self-compatible plants, have all been shown to benefit from increased pollinator biodiversity (Steffan-Dewenter et al. 2005). Many wild pollinators, including solitary bees, bumblebees, wasps and flies, appear equally as important as honey bees. Furthermore, wild pollinators pollinate some crops, such as orchard fruits and oil-seed rape, more effectively (Evans et al. 2018). Mason bees, for example, are the most effective pollinators for apples, long tongued bees are needed for field beans, and for some crops, including strawberries, managed and wild bees are both required to produce market quality fruit. In some cases, honeybees cannot pollinate the crop at all, such as in tomatoes where large bodied bumblebees are needed to vibrate flowers for pollen release, a task honeybees are ineffective at performing (Breeze et al. 2012). Financial
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Show Schedules 2012 Ver Finale
    119. 1 pan rock plant native to the Southern Hemisphere 120. 1 pan dwarf shurb THE SCOTTISH ROCK GARDEN CLUB 121. 1 pan rock plant raised from seed by the exhibitor. Date of sowing to be stated. Botanical notes permitted, AGS note 23(e) SECTION III Open to Amateur Members of AGS and SRGC who have not won an AGS Bronze Merit Medal or more than ten First Prizes at Shows run by either Society prior to 1st January 2011. Pan size not to exceed 19 cm outside diameter 130. 3 pans rock plants, distinct 131. 1 pan rock plant in flower 132. 1 pan Gentiana 133. 1 pan Cyclamen 134. 1 pan bulbous plant 135. 1 pan rock plant native to the Southern Hemisphere 136. 1 pan rock plant native to the Northern Hemisphere 137. 1 pan rock plant for foliage effect 138. 1 pan dwarf shrub or conifer 139. 1 pan rock plant. For exhibitors who have never won a first prize at an AGS or SRGC National show SHOW SCHEDULES 2012 DUNBLANE EARLY BULB DISPLAY 18th February* BLACKPOOL SHOW 17th March* STIRLING SHOW 24th March† New Location - Show this Year is in KINCARDINE NORTHUMBERLAND 40th ANNIVERSARY SHOW, HEXHAM 31st March EDINBURGH & THE LOTHIANS SHOW 14th April* PERTH SHOW 21st April HIGHLAND SHOW, NAIRN 28th April GLASGOW SHOW 5th May* ABERDEEN SHOW 19th May* GARDENING SCOTLAND (Joint Rock Only) 2nd June* LATE BULB DISPLAY, RBGE 8th September DISCUSSION WEEKEND, DUMFRIES 29th - 30th September NEWCASTLE SHOW 13th October* AGM 10th November† *Joint Rock Garden Plant Committee meetings 48 †Photographic/Art Competition SHOWS 2012 SHOW RULES 1.
    [Show full text]
  • The Resurrection Genome of Boea Hygrometrica: a Blueprint for Survival of Dehydration
    The resurrection genome of Boea hygrometrica: A blueprint for survival of dehydration Lihong Xiaoa, Ge Yanga, Liechi Zhanga, Xinhua Yangb, Shuang Zhaob, Zhongzhong Jia, Qing Zhoub, Min Hub, Yu Wanga, Ming Chenb,YuXua, Haijing Jina, Xuan Xiaoa, Guipeng Hua, Fang Baoa, Yong Hua, Ping Wana, Legong Lia, Xin Dengc, Tingyun Kuangd, Chengbin Xiange, Jian-Kang Zhuf,g,1, Melvin J. Oliverh,1, and Yikun Hea,1 aSchool of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China; bBeijing Genomics Institute-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; cKey Laboratory of Plant Resources and dKey Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; eSchool of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230022, China; fShanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; gDepartment of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907; and hPlant Genetics Research Unit, Midwest Area, Agricultural Research Service, United State Department of Agriculture, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 Contributed by Jian-Kang Zhu, March 26, 2015 (sent for review February 10, 2015; reviewed by Sagadevan G. Mundree and Andrew J. Wood) “Drying without dying” is an essential trait in land plant evolution. plants (5, 8), and a system approach is contemplated (4), efforts Unraveling how a unique group of angiosperms, the Resurrection are hampered by the lack of a sequenced genome for any of the Plants, survive desiccation of their leaves and roots has been ham- resurrection plants. To fill this critical gap, we sequenced the pered by the lack of a foundational genome perspective.
    [Show full text]
  • (Dr. Sc. Nat.) Vorgelegt Der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftl
    Zurich Open Repository and Archive University of Zurich Main Library Strickhofstrasse 39 CH-8057 Zurich www.zora.uzh.ch Year: 2012 Flowers, sex, and diversity: Reproductive-ecological and macro-evolutionary aspects of floral variation in the Primrose family, Primulaceae de Vos, Jurriaan Michiel Posted at the Zurich Open Repository and Archive, University of Zurich ZORA URL: https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-88785 Dissertation Originally published at: de Vos, Jurriaan Michiel. Flowers, sex, and diversity: Reproductive-ecological and macro-evolutionary aspects of floral variation in the Primrose family, Primulaceae. 2012, University of Zurich, Facultyof Science. FLOWERS, SEX, AND DIVERSITY. REPRODUCTIVE-ECOLOGICAL AND MACRO-EVOLUTIONARY ASPECTS OF FLORAL VARIATION IN THE PRIMROSE FAMILY, PRIMULACEAE Dissertation zur Erlangung der naturwissenschaftlichen Doktorwürde (Dr. sc. nat.) vorgelegt der Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät der Universität Zürich von Jurriaan Michiel de Vos aus den Niederlanden Promotionskomitee Prof. Dr. Elena Conti (Vorsitz) Prof. Dr. Antony B. Wilson Dr. Colin E. Hughes Zürich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s ist ein zentrales Ziel in der Evolutionsbiologie, die Muster der Vielfalt und die Prozesse, die sie erzeugen, zu verstehen.
    [Show full text]
  • Rock Garden Quarterly
    ROCK GARDEN QUARTERLY VOLUME 53 NUMBER 1 WINTER 1995 COVER: Aquilegia scopulorum with vespid wasp by Cindy Nelson-Nold of Lakewood, Colorado All Material Copyright © 1995 North American Rock Garden Society ROCK GARDEN QUARTERLY BULLETIN OF THE NORTH AMERICAN ROCK GARDEN SOCIETY formerly Bulletin of the American Rock Garden Society VOLUME 53 NUMBER 1 WINTER 1995 FEATURES Alpine Gesneriads of Europe, by Darrell Trout 3 Cassiopes and Phyllodoces, by Arthur Dome 17 Plants of Mt. Hutt, a New Zealand Preview, by Ethel Doyle 29 South Africa: Part II, by Panayoti Kelaidis 33 South African Sampler: A Dozen Gems for the Rock Garden, by Panayoti Kelaidis 54 The Vole Story, by Helen Sykes 59 DEPARTMENTS Plant Portrait 62 Books 65 Ramonda nathaliae 2 ROCK GARDEN QUARTERLY VOL. 53:1 ALPINE GESNERIADS OF EUROPE by Darrell Trout J. he Gesneriaceae, or gesneriad Institution and others brings the total family, is a diverse family of mostly Gesneriaceae of China to a count of 56 tropical and subtropical plants with genera and about 413 species. These distribution throughout the world, should provide new horticultural including the north and south temper• material for the rock garden and ate and tropical zones. The 125 genera, alpine house. Yet the choicest plants 2850-plus species include terrestrial for the rock garden or alpine house and epiphytic herbs, shrubs, vines remain the European genera Ramonda, and, rarely, small trees. Botanically, Jancaea, and Haberlea. and in appearance, it is not always easy to separate the family History Gesneriaceae from the closely related The family was named for Konrad Scrophulariaceae (Verbascum, Digitalis, von Gesner, a sixteenth century natu• Calceolaria), the Orobanchaceae, and ralist.
    [Show full text]
  • Gardens and Stewardship
    GARDENS AND STEWARDSHIP Thaddeus Zagorski (Bachelor of Theology; Diploma of Education; Certificate 111 in Amenity Horticulture; Graduate Diploma in Environmental Studies with Honours) Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy October 2007 School of Geography and Environmental Studies University of Tasmania STATEMENT OF AUTHENTICITY This thesis contains no material which has been accepted for any other degree or graduate diploma by the University of Tasmania or in any other tertiary institution and, to the best of my knowledge and belief, this thesis contains no copy or paraphrase of material previously published or written by other persons, except where due acknowledgement is made in the text of the thesis or in footnotes. Thaddeus Zagorski University of Tasmania Date: This thesis may be made available for loan or limited copying in accordance with the Australian Copyright Act of 1968. Thaddeus Zagorski University of Tasmania Date: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This thesis is not merely the achievement of a personal goal, but a culmination of a journey that started many, many years ago. As culmination it is also an impetus to continue to that journey. In achieving this personal goal many people, supervisors, friends, family and University colleagues have been instrumental in contributing to the final product. The initial motivation and inspiration for me to start this study was given by Professor Jamie Kirkpatrick, Dr. Elaine Stratford, and my friend Alison Howman. For that challenge I thank you. I am deeply indebted to my three supervisors Professor Jamie Kirkpatrick, Dr. Elaine Stratford and Dr. Aidan Davison. Each in their individual, concerted and special way guided me to this omega point.
    [Show full text]
  • F the American Primrose Society > F an INTRODUCTION Fall, 1990 Volume 48, Number 4 to PRIMULA VIALII
    066 PA PRIMROSES Quarterly of the American Primrose Society > f AN INTRODUCTION Fall, 1990 Volume 48, Number 4 TO PRIMULA VIALII Editor's Committee: by Barbara Flynn Larry A. Bailey, Editor Redmond, Washington Thea Service Foster Don Keefe Primula vialii is not only a most Mr. Bulley was actually lucky to get Pat Foster untypical primula, its history is fasci- anything at all because of horrendous nating too. civil wars in progress. Of Forrest and P. Vialii his 17 collectors and servants, only In this issue The first explorer to find this plant Forrest himself and one servant was Pere Delavay, at Lankiung, Yun- escaped alive. Forrest stated that he An Introduction to Primula Vialii 79 r\ tLQ ^«,,«- nan, in 1888. He sent it to Paris with owed his life to seeing the unmistak- by Barbara Flynn the name P. Viati (after his good friend able figure of his friend, Pere Duber- Primula juliae Hybrids Sakata Cover photo by Larry A. Bailey Pere Vial). There the plant, like so many nard, beckoning him to go down a Types Update 82 (See story on page 79) of Pere Delavay's discoveries, stayed stream. Wounded and in very bad by Donald D. Keefe in a Paris herbarium, described by shape, Forrest did this and escaped A Far Eastern Star - Primula Franchet, but otherwise unnoticed. only to learn that Pere Dubernard had Sieboldii 83 It was George Forrest who next been tortured and slaughtered three by Carla McGavran found this species in 1906 in mountain days prior to the warning! meadows opening into the Likiang Val- Forrest had only Pax's Primula Crossing Boarders with Plants 87 monograph for reference and there By Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • November 2013 ---International Rock Gardener--- November 2013
    International Rock Gardener ISSN 2053-7557 Number 47 The Scottish Rock Garden Club November 2013 ---International Rock Gardener--- November 2013 As most gardeners know, taxonomic changes can be fraught with controversy, for any number of reasons! Take for instance the name of the beautiful endemic gesneriad from Mount Olympus, Jankaea heldreichii – still ‘unresolved’ in the Kew Plant List. In 1993 a paper by Christian Feuillet detailed the need to change the names of various Jankaea hybrids to comply with the Jancaea name. Z.Z. writes: “We Czechs do not like the deformation of the good name Jankaea to Jancaea, because the honoured Hungarian botanist had the name Janka and not Janca.” A search around the internet will show that many others also prefer this form – including Josef Halda, who described several such hybrids, some of which are among plants from the Gesneriaceae featured this month. Cover: Ramonda nathaliae on limestone south of Skoplje in Macedonia, picture by Z.Z. ---Plant Portraits--- Two New Intergeneric Hybrids in the Family Gesneriaceae by Josef.J.Halda, drawings by Jarmila Haldová, pictures by Z.Z. (From Acta Mus. Richnoviensis (Sect. natur.), 19(3–4): 49-54) In the spring of 1973 I received from the Geneva-based Aymon Correvon* a plant named Jankaea vandedemii, resembling Jankaea heldreichii with almost globose leaves, which later bloomed with lavender blue flowers, though only shallowly campanulate ones. In response to my question on the origin of the plant he answered that he got it from Mr. Vandedem, Holland, who is supposedly also the author of this hybrid, the parents of which are the Greek Jankaea heldreichii as the mother plant and the father is the Pyrenean Ramonda myconii.
    [Show full text]
  • Lamiales – Synoptical Classification Vers
    Lamiales – Synoptical classification vers. 2.6.2 (in prog.) Updated: 12 April, 2016 A Synoptical Classification of the Lamiales Version 2.6.2 (This is a working document) Compiled by Richard Olmstead With the help of: D. Albach, P. Beardsley, D. Bedigian, B. Bremer, P. Cantino, J. Chau, J. L. Clark, B. Drew, P. Garnock- Jones, S. Grose (Heydler), R. Harley, H.-D. Ihlenfeldt, B. Li, L. Lohmann, S. Mathews, L. McDade, K. Müller, E. Norman, N. O’Leary, B. Oxelman, J. Reveal, R. Scotland, J. Smith, D. Tank, E. Tripp, S. Wagstaff, E. Wallander, A. Weber, A. Wolfe, A. Wortley, N. Young, M. Zjhra, and many others [estimated 25 families, 1041 genera, and ca. 21,878 species in Lamiales] The goal of this project is to produce a working infraordinal classification of the Lamiales to genus with information on distribution and species richness. All recognized taxa will be clades; adherence to Linnaean ranks is optional. Synonymy is very incomplete (comprehensive synonymy is not a goal of the project, but could be incorporated). Although I anticipate producing a publishable version of this classification at a future date, my near- term goal is to produce a web-accessible version, which will be available to the public and which will be updated regularly through input from systematists familiar with taxa within the Lamiales. For further information on the project and to provide information for future versions, please contact R. Olmstead via email at [email protected], or by regular mail at: Department of Biology, Box 355325, University of Washington, Seattle WA 98195, USA.
    [Show full text]
  • How Does Genome Size Affect the Evolution of Pollen Tube Growth Rate, a Haploid
    Manuscript bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/462663; this version postedClick April here18, 2019. to The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv aaccess/download;Manuscript;PTGR.genome.evolution.15April20 license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 1 Effects of genome size on pollen performance 2 3 4 5 How does genome size affect the evolution of pollen tube growth rate, a haploid 6 performance trait? 7 8 9 10 11 John B. Reese1,2 and Joseph H. Williams2 12 Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 13 37996, U.S.A. 14 15 16 17 1Author for correspondence: 18 John B. Reese 19 Tel: 865 974 9371 20 Email: [email protected] 21 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/462663; this version posted April 18, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 22 ABSTRACT 23 Premise of the Study – Male gametophytes of most seed plants deliver sperm to eggs via a 24 pollen tube. Pollen tube growth rates (PTGRs) of angiosperms are exceptionally rapid, a pattern 25 attributed to more effective haploid selection under stronger pollen competition. Paradoxically, 26 whole genome duplication (WGD) has been common in angiosperms but rare in gymnosperms.
    [Show full text]
  • Dissertation
    DISSERTATION Titel der Dissertation Exudate flavonoids in Primulaceae: comparative studies of chemodiversity aspects Verfasserin Mag. rer. nat. Tshering Doma Bhutia angestrebter akademischer Grad Doktorin der Naturwissenschaften (Dr. rer. nat.) Wien, 2013 Studienkennzahl lt. Studienblatt: A 091 438 Dissertationsgebiet lt. Studienblatt: Botanik Betreuerin / Betreuer: Ao. Univ. Prof. Dr. Karin Valant-Vetschera Acknowledgements It is my great pleasure to thank all those who, with their help and support, have contributed to the completion of this thesis. First and foremost I would like to express my sincere and heartfelt gratitute to my supervisor Assoc. Prof. Dr. Karin Valant‐Vetschera for giving me the opportunity to join the “Chemodiversity Group”. I thank her for assuming the dual role of supervisor and mentor. During the years of my diploma and doctoral theses she has continuously offered me the best guidance, support and advice I could have asked for. I am very grateful to Dr. Lothar Brecker for the characterization and identification of the isolated compounds. Additionally, I thank him for his constant encouragement, support and valuable suggestions. In the lab I have always received invaluable technical support from Mag. Johann Schinnerl, for which I extend him my earnest thanks and appreciation. Prof. Dr. Harald Greger has been very kind and supportive throughout the years, which I gratefully appreciate. Thanks are also due to Prof. Dr. Irene Lichtscheidl and Dr. Wolfram Adlassnig for providing access to their laboratory equipment and for their excellent guidance. I am deeply indebted to Prof. Eckhard Wollenweber (Institut für Botanik der TU Darmstadt, Germany) for the constant supply of authentic flavonoid samples, which made my lab life a lot easier.
    [Show full text]
  • Primula Allionii by Pam Eveleigh ����������������������������������7 Colville, WA 99114 with the Permission of the Photographer
    Primroses The Quarterly Of The American Primrose Society Autumn 2009 Vol. 67 No. 4 American Primrose Society Autumn 2009 OFFICERS Primroses Joseph B. Philip, President Editor President’s Message 26 Spofford Road Jane Guild Primroses Worcester, MA 01607 2647 A Deville Road Victoria BC V9B 3W9 Canada JOE PHILIP (508) 736-9013 [email protected] The Quarterly of the [email protected] Editorial Committee Hello Fellow Members, American Primrose Society Alan Lawrence, Vice President Maedythe Martin Judith Sellers It is that time of year P.O. Box 37 Michael Plumb Lake Delton, WI again, when we are Volume 67 No 4 Autumn 2009 Alan Lawrence [email protected] Joan Hoeffel preparing for the Editorial Deadlines The purpose of this Society is to bring the people Michael Plumb, Secretary cold weather to settle 3604 Jolly Roger Crescent Winter issue - October 15 Spring issue - January 15 in around us. I was interested in Primula together in an organization to Pender Island, BC V0N 2M2 Summer issue - April 15 walking around the increase the general knowledge of and interest in the (250) 629-6806 Autumn issue - July 15 [email protected] yard and all of the collecting, growing, breeding, showing and using in ©American Primrose Society 2009 the landscape and garden of the genus Primula in all its Primroses (ISSN 0162-6671) is published swamp maples have Jon Kawaguchi, Treasurer forms and to serve as a clearing house for collecting and by the American Primrose, Primula and 3524 Bowman Court Auricula Society. All material printed already turned scarlet disseminating information about Primula. Alameda, CA 94502 in the quarterly, except as noted, is red and bright orange.
    [Show full text]
  • The Lautaret Alpine Botanical Garden Guidebook
    The Lautaret Alpine Botanical Garden Guidebook Serge Aubert The Lautaret Alpine Botanical Garden, as it exists today, has been shaped by the work of the bota- nists involved in its development for over a century. This guide presents the Garden itself (its history, work and collections), the exceptional environment of the Col du Lautaret, and provides an intro- duction to botany and alpine ecology. The guidebook also includes the results of research work on alpine plants and ecosystems carried out at Lautaret, notably by the Laboratory of Alpine Ecology based in Grenoble. The Alpine Garden has a varied remit: it is open to the general public to raise their awareness of the wealth of diversity in alpine environments and how best to conserve it, it houses and develops a variety of collections (species from mountain ranges across the world, a seed bank, herbarium, arboretum, image bank & specialist library), it trains students and contributes to research in alpine biology. It is a university botanical garden which develops synergies between science and society, welcoming in 15,000 – 20,000 visitors each summer. Prior to 2005 the Garden was not directly involved in research, but since then a partnership has been established with the Chalet-Laboratory through the Joseph Fourier Alpine Research Station, and mixed structure of the Grenoble University and of the French Scientific Recearch Centre (CNRS). These shared facilities also include the Robert Ruffier-Lanche arboretum and the glasshouses on the Grenoble campus. The Lautaret site is the only high altitude biological research station in Europe, and has been recognised by the French government’s funding programme (Investissements d’ave- nir) as Biology and Health National Infrastructure (ANAEE-S) in the field of ecosystem science and experimentation.
    [Show full text]