biomolecules Communication In Search of High-Yielding and Single-Compound-Yielding Plants: New Sources of Pharmaceutically Important Saponins from the Primulaceae Family Maciej Włodarczyk 1,* , Paweł Pasikowski 2 , Kinga Osiewała 3, Aleksandra Frankiewicz 3, Andrzej Dry´s 4 and Michał Gle ´nsk 1 1 Department of Pharmacognosy and Herbal Drugs, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211 A, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland 2 Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Polish Center for Technology Development, Stabłowicka 147, 54-066 Wrocław, Poland 3 Students Scientific Cooperation on Pharmacognosy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211 A, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland 4 Department of Physical Chemistry and Biophysics, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211 A, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland * Correspondence:
[email protected]; Tel.: +48-71-78-40-223 Received: 30 December 2019; Accepted: 25 February 2020; Published: 29 February 2020 Abstract: So far, only a few primrose species have been analyzed regarding their saponin composition and content. Moreover, the roots of only two of them are defined by the European Union (EU) Pharmacopoeia monograph and commercially utilized by the pharmaceutical industry. Thus, this study intended to find some new sources of main triterpene saponins from Primulae radix, namely primulasaponins I and II together with the closely related sakurasosaponin. Using isolated standards, UHPLC-ESI-HRMS served to assess over 155 Primulaceae members qualitatively and quantitatively. Nine examples of plants accumulating over 5% of primulasaponin I in their roots were found. Among them, in one case, it was found as the almost sole secondary metabolite with the concentration of 15–20% (Primula grandis L.). A reasonable content of primulasaponin II was found to be typical for Primula vulgaris Huds.