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Williams-Religion Text:Religion.Qxd Index Abba 65 al-Hallaj 115 Abbas 128 Ali 112 Abelard, Peter 107 al-janna 74 Abu Musa Jabir ibn Hayyan al-Kindi 114 (Geber)) 110 Allah 73, 74, 113, 127 Abraham (Abram) 23, 39, 40, 118, al-nar 74 119, 154, 164 America (the United States, North Abhidharma 62 America) 13, 96, 140–142, 147, Abu Bakr 112 148, 164, 169, 170, 171, 172, 174, Academy, Platonic 108 176 adventists 170 Aminah 72 Africa 27, 51, 72, 75, 95, 100, 104, Amitabha 86 124, 129, 139, 148, 149, 165, 166, Amorites 37 168, 171 Analects 32, 124 agape 67 Ananda 62 “Age of Aquarius” 68, 177 Anabaptist 135 Agni 42, 48, 49, 129 Anatolia 128, 150 Agra 127 angel(s) 72, 73, 102, 105, 133, 138, Agrippa, Henry Cornelius 132 139, 169, 170 ahimsa 63 Anglo-Saxons 99 Ahriman 42, 43 Angor Wat 84 A’isha 113 animism 160 Akhbar 127 animals 1, 3, 12, 46, 52, 160 Akhenaton 40 Anselm, St. 106 Akiba, Rabbi 55 anthropologists 7, 8, 10, 11, 18, 161 Albigensians 100 An Yang 30 alchemy 8, 91, 92, 100, 110, 120, Aphrodite 24 122, 132, 137, 161 Aquinas, St. Thomas 109, 114, 115 Alevis (Alawis) 151 Arabia 37, 72, 73, 112 Alexander the Great 44–46, 50, 51, Arabs 108, 110, 151, 152 154, 167 archbishop 103, 106 al-Farabi 114 architecture 113, 128, 156 Algeria 150 argument, ontological 106 al-Ghazali, Abu Hamid 114, 115 Arians 70 179 180 Religion: What It Has Been and What It Is Aristarchus 135 Bactria 45 Aristotle 44, 108–110, 114, 115, Baghdad 35, 44, 104, 108, 115, 121, 119, 134, 136; Aristotelianism 129 119, 136 Baha’ullah 152 Arjuna 49 Bahais 153 Armenians 150 Baillie, John 164 arts, visual 128, 137 Balfour Declaration 150 Arya Samaj 148 Bali 84 asceticism 46, 62, 83, 161 baptism 100, 103, 138, 172, 173 Ashoka 51, 62 Baptists 138, 140, 142, 156, 171 astrology 132 Bar Kosiba (Bar Kokhba), Simon astronomy 20, 38, 123, 125, 132, 55 136, 139, 160 Barth, Karl 164, 172 Ataturk, Mustafa Kemal 151 Basilica, St. Peter’s 133 Aten 5, 40 Bauer, Bruno 159 Athanasius 70, 102 Beecher, Henry Ward 167 Atharva Veda 47 Beecher, Lyman 167 atman 61 bees 1, 2 Athos, Mt. 102 Beijing 124, 144 atoms 17, 116 Being 53, 85, 105, 106, 116, 163, Attar 115 172; Chain of 53, 105; Ultimate Augustine, St. 53, 104–106, 137 177 Augustus Caesar 51, 52 beliefs 3, 6, 10, 29, 45, 100, 106, 108, Aurangabad 78 119, 170, 174 Aurangzeb 128 Benedict, St. 98, 102 Aurobindo Goshe, Sri Bennett, Dennis 173 Austria 150, 163 Berkley, George ix, 136 avatar 49, 81, 83 Bernard of Clairvaux 107, 108 Avicenna (see Ibn-Sina) Bhagavadgita 49, 147 avidya 81 bhakti 83 Avignon 111, 130, 131 Bible 5, 15, 39–41, 65, 66, 79, 92, Awakening, Second Great 167 104, 106, 123, 132–134, 136–139, axis mundi 15–17 141, 148, 154, 156, 157, 159, 164, Ayer, A. J. 163 168, 173, 176 Ayodhya 49, 149 bhikkhus 102 biology 6, 136 Baal Shem Tov 130, 158 biologists 8, 10 Bab, The 152 bishop(s) 11, 67, 69–71, 74, Babylonia, 35, 37–39. 41, 42, 54, 102–104, 106, 110, 112, 134, 136 117, 118 Blavatsky, Madam Helena Petrovna Babur 126, 149 147 “Back to the Han” 143 blood 51, 62, 69, 103 Bacon, Sir Francis 137 Bodhidharma 87 Bacon, Roger 110 bodhisattvas 85 Index 181 body 4, 8, 13–15, 25, 47, 93, 103, Caro, Joseph 130 137, 151, 170, 176 Carthage 51 Boehme, Jacob 132 caste 14, 50, 61, 84, 103, 126, 148 Bonaparte, Napoleon 149, 153, 157 cathedral(s) 16, 82, 102, 107, 108; Bonhoeffer, Dietrich 164 Chartres 16, 107 Boniface VIII, Pope 110 Cathari 100, 101 Borobudur 84 causality 11 Bossuet, Jacques-Benigne 141 Chan 87, 88 Boxers 144 Chandragupta 51 Brahman 48, 61 Charlemagne 100 Brahmin 18, 50, 61, 83 Charles V, Emperor 129 Brahmanas 48 Celestial Masters 90, 91 Brahamo Samaj 147 Central Harmony (see Chung Brigitte, St. 99 Yung) Brothers, Pandava 49 Chemical Wedding of Christian Brunner, Emile 164 Rosenkreutz, The (Rosicrucian bubble(s) 14–16 text) 132 Buber, Martin 25, 164 Cheng Hao 94 Buddha, the 60–62, 78–80, 85–88, Cheng Yi 94 92, 122, 147, 175 qi 94 Buddhism 60, 62, 63, 75, 77, 78–81, children 2, 14, 18, 25, 32, 57, 67, 83–85, 87–90, 96, 98, 104, 115, 103, 153, 169 145, 147, 174, 176; Mahayana 79; Chinese 30–33, 35, 58, 59, 75, 78, Tibetan 80, 174 84, 85, 87, 88, 91, 93, 94, 95–97, Buddhists 16, 62, 78–80, 93, 95, 96, 110, 124, 125, 143–145, 176 145, 176 Chips from a German Workshop Bultmann, Rudolf 164 (Muller) 160 Burma 171 chivalry 107 Bushnell, Horace 168 Chretien de Troyes 107 Byzantium 111 Christ 64, 67, 103, 167, 170 Christianity 44, 55, 64, 67–71, 75, calendar 20, 52 76, 79, 86, 91, 99, 104, 105, 108, caliphate, Abbasid 112, 113, 117 118, 120, 130, 138, 145, 152, 154, Calvin, John 134, 138, 156 158, 159, 162, 176, 177 Calvinists 134, 156, 167 chronos 18 Caesar, Julius 52, 159 Chuan Zhen 92 Campbell, Alexander 167 Chung Yung 124 canon 42, 54, 62, 64, 69, 79, 92, 95, Church 27, 64, 69–71, 73, 79, 82, 98, 135 99, 101; Albigensian 100 ; Angli- capitalism 141, 145, 161, 174, 175, can 140; Celtic 98,99; Eastern 176 Orthodox 98, 103; of the East 71, Carmel, Mt. 153 97; of England 135; of the Latter Cartwright, Peter 167 Day Saints 164; Roman Catholic Canton 144 134, 156 182 Religion: What It Has Been and What It Is circles, culture, x, 75, 76 dance 3, 5, 12, 22, 26, 67, 75, 82, 84, City, Forbidden 124 116, 122, 147, 158, 165, 168, 172 clergy 70, 102, 103, 111, 134, 138, Dao 57, 59, 90 153, 158 Dao De Jing 57, 59 Clive, Robert 146 Daoism, 59, 75, 89, 92, 98, 145, 176 Code, dietary 65; Hammurabic 37; Darwin, Sir Charles 154, 160, 176 law 35, 38, 74, 98; of Manu 49, 50 Daulat Khan Lodhi 126 cogito ergo sum 137 David 66 College of Pontiffs 54 Da Xue 124 Columbus, Christopher 136 Dayananda, Swami 148 Communism 145, 165 death 5, 8, 18, 19, 22 25, 36, 37, 39, community 11, 14, 16, 19, 32. 57, 61, 45, 48, 49, 54, 60, 63, 64, 66–68, 67, 73, 102, 112, 118, 122, 149, 84, 93, 101, 103, 110, 11, 127, 128, 157, 158, 169 130, 136, 161, 163, 169, 172; Black Conception, Immaculate 155 110, 130 Confession 90, 101, 105; Scots 135; deconstruction 163, 177 Westminster 135 Dee, John 132 Confessions (St. Augustine)104 Defensor Pacis (Marsilius of Confucius (Kong Fu Zi) 32–34, 57, Padua) 141 59, 92, 93, 143 Dehli 125, 127; Sultanate of 125, Confucianism, 33, 84, 92–94, 96–98, 126 124, 143, 145, 176 deism (of the American founders) Congregationalists 140, 166, 171 140–41 Constantine 70, 71 demons 7, 38–40, 43, 66, 81, 91, 109, Constantinople 71 118, 144, 168 contrarians x, 56, 57, 59, 61–65, 67, denomination 115, 166, 167, 169, 67, 69, 71–73, 75, 92 173 conversion 14, 74, 99, 120, 156, 157 Derrida, Jacques 163 Copernicus. Nicholas 135, 136 Descartes, Rene 136, 137 Cordovero, Moses ben Jacob 130 desire 1, 2, 48, 61, 79, 86, 125, 133, cosmology 17, 136, 160 175; sexual 79 cosmos 15, 17, 124, 136 Deuteronomy 159 Council, of Constance 133; of Fer- device, expedient 85, 86 rara 131; of Trent 134, 155; Vati- Dewey, John 163 can I 156; Vatican II 164 Din-i-Ilahi 127 creation 2, 25, 46, 53, 93, 141, 176 Dionysius the Areopagite 105–106, Cromwell, Oliver 135 139 Crusades 108, 167, 172 Dionysus 44, 81 Cur Deus Homo? (St. Anselm) 106 Disciples of Christ 167 Cybele 53, 68 dhamma (see dharma) Cynicism 45 dharma 61–63, 85 Dogen 87 Damascus 72, 113 dogma 69, 70, 72–73, 123, 158, 164, damnation 134 168, 173 Index 183 Dome of the Rock 113 129, 130, 149, 150, 152; Persian, domes 17 41;Roman 42, 53, 55, 64, 70, 71, Dostoevski, Feodor 7 99. 102, 103, 111; Sassanian 52; Dream of the Red Chamber, The 97 Seleucid 51, 52 dreams ix, 4–6, 19, 25, 153, 170 Enlightenement ix, 60, 61, 158, 167 dream-time 5 En-Sof 130 drugs 3, 18, 92 Epicureanism 45 Du Fu 95 Eros 24, 25, 133, 146 Duns Scotus 109 Essence of Christianity, The Durga 49, 82 (Feuerbach) 159 Durkheim, Emile 16, 160 ethnicity 35, 45, 166, 167 Dynasty, Babylonian 37, 89; Han 32, etiquette 15 56, 59, 84, 143; Mauryan 77; Ming eucharist 100 97, 123, 143; Mughal 126; Qing evil 34, 39, 40, 53, 66, 81, 91, 94, 124, 171; Safid, 128; Shang 30, 31; 149, 163, 169 Song 91, 95; Tang 88, 92; Exilarch 117 Umayyad 113; Yuan 96, 97; Zhou Existentialism 155 32, 51 fang shi 89, 90 Easter 20, 99 faith 3, 40, 53, 62, 65, 67, 68, 70, 73, East India Company 146 77, 78, 84, 87, 93, 103, 104, 106, Ebionites 69 107, 113, 118, 121, 122, 126, 129, Eckhart, Meister 110 133, 135, 138, 139, 140, 145, Eddy, Mary Baker 170 154–156, 158, 168, 173, 174, 177; Edwards, Jonathan 167 leap of 138, 155; knight of 154 Egypt, 21, 35–40, 45, 52, 53, 69, 99, Fatehpur Sikri 127 102, 113, 129, 132, 149, 152 festivals 22, 24 Elementary Forms of Religious Feuerbach, Ludwig 159 Life (Durkheim) 160 Ficino, Marsilio 131 Eliade, Mircea 3, 162 filioque 104 Emerson, Ralph Waldo 147, 168 Finland 133 emperors, Chinese 30–34, 57; Finney, Charles Grandison 167 87–90, 92, 97, 121, 124, 144–146; fire 17, 24, 48, 73, 74, 95, 109, 116, Holy Roman 100, 129, 131–133; 118 Mauryan 62; Mughal 128; Persian firmament 6, 17 41; Roman 52, 53, 75, 103, 108 flamens 52 empires x, 27–33, 35, 37–39, 41–47, Florence 131 49–53, 55–57, 59, 62, 64, 67–71, Fludd, Robert 132 75, 77, 84, 89, 96, 100, 102, 103, forgiveness 105, 114, 172 120, 127–131, 144, 146, 149, 150, France 100, 101, 105, 107, 111, 120, 152; Chinese 30, 96; Hellenistic 129, 150 44, 45, 51; Holy Roman 100, 111.
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