Two Locus Inheritance of Non-Syndromic Midline Craniosynostosis Via Rare SMAD6 and 4 Common BMP2 Alleles 5 6 Andrew T
1 2 3 Two locus inheritance of non-syndromic midline craniosynostosis via rare SMAD6 and 4 common BMP2 alleles 5 6 Andrew T. Timberlake1-3, Jungmin Choi1,2, Samir Zaidi1,2, Qiongshi Lu4, Carol Nelson- 7 Williams1,2, Eric D. Brooks3, Kaya Bilguvar1,5, Irina Tikhonova5, Shrikant Mane1,5, Jenny F. 8 Yang3, Rajendra Sawh-Martinez3, Sarah Persing3, Elizabeth G. Zellner3, Erin Loring1,2,5, Carolyn 9 Chuang3, Amy Galm6, Peter W. Hashim3, Derek M. Steinbacher3, Michael L. DiLuna7, Charles 10 C. Duncan7, Kevin A. Pelphrey8, Hongyu Zhao4, John A. Persing3, Richard P. Lifton1,2,5,9 11 12 1Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA 13 2Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA 14 3Section of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA 15 4Department of Biostatistics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA 16 5Yale Center for Genome Analysis, New Haven, CT, USA 17 6Craniosynostosis and Positional Plagiocephaly Support, New York, NY, USA 18 7Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA 19 8Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA 20 9The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA 21 22 ABSTRACT 23 Premature fusion of the cranial sutures (craniosynostosis), affecting 1 in 2,000 24 newborns, is treated surgically in infancy to prevent adverse neurologic outcomes. To 25 identify mutations contributing to common non-syndromic midline (sagittal and metopic) 26 craniosynostosis, we performed exome sequencing of 132 parent-offspring trios and 59 27 additional probands.
[Show full text]