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Supplementary Table 2. Differentially Expressed Genes following Sham treatment relative to Untreated Controls Fold Change Accession Name Symbol 3 h 12 h NM_013121 CD28 antigen Cd28 12.82 BG665360 FMS-like tyrosine kinase 1 Flt1 9.63 NM_012701 Adrenergic receptor, beta 1 Adrb1 8.24 0.46 U20796 Nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group D, member 2 Nr1d2 7.22 NM_017116 Calpain 2 Capn2 6.41 BE097282 Guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha 12 Gna12 6.21 NM_053328 Basic helix-loop-helix domain containing, class B2 Bhlhb2 5.79 NM_053831 Guanylate cyclase 2f Gucy2f 5.71 AW251703 Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 12a Tnfrsf12a 5.57 NM_021691 Twist homolog 2 (Drosophila) Twist2 5.42 NM_133550 Fc receptor, IgE, low affinity II, alpha polypeptide Fcer2a 4.93 NM_031120 Signal sequence receptor, gamma Ssr3 4.84 NM_053544 Secreted frizzled-related protein 4 Sfrp4 4.73 NM_053910 Pleckstrin homology, Sec7 and coiled/coil domains 1 Pscd1 4.69 BE113233 Suppressor of cytokine signaling 2 Socs2 4.68 NM_053949 Potassium voltage-gated channel, subfamily H (eag- Kcnh2 4.60 related), member 2 NM_017305 Glutamate cysteine ligase, modifier subunit Gclm 4.59 NM_017309 Protein phospatase 3, regulatory subunit B, alpha Ppp3r1 4.54 isoform,type 1 NM_012765 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 2C Htr2c 4.46 NM_017218 V-erb-b2 erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog Erbb3 4.42 3 (avian) AW918369 Zinc finger protein 191 Zfp191 4.38 NM_031034 Guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha 12 Gna12 4.38 NM_017020 Interleukin 6 receptor Il6r 4.37 AJ002942 Retinoic acid receptor, beta Rarb 4.35 X70706 Plastin 3 (T-isoform) Pls3 4.13 AJ000556 Janus kinase 1 Jak1 4.08 NM_053679 DNA fragmentation factor, alpha subunit Dffa 4.08 NM_057118 Contactin 1 Cntn1 4.07 NM_017247 Sodium channel, voltage-gated, type 10, alpha Scn10a 3.96 polypeptide NM_031563 Nuclease sensitive element binding protein 1 Nsep1 3.84 AF038388 FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain containing 4 Fgd4 3.83 Y00697 Cathepsin L Ctsl 3.81 NM_031615 Zinc finger protein 148 Znf148 3.69 NM_019306 FMS-like tyrosine kinase 1 Flt1 3.67 NM_019378 SNAP25-interacting protein Snip 3.62 NM_031535 Bcl2-like 1 Bcl2l1 3.59 1 Downloaded from iovs.arvojournals.org on 09/30/2021 M92340 Interleukin 6 signal transducer Il6st 3.57 NM_017031 Phosphodiesterase 4B Pde4b 3.55 NM_012866 Nuclear transcription factor-Y gamma Nfyc 3.45 NM_013226 Ribosomal protein L32 Rpl32 3.43 NM_031018 Activating transcription factor 2 Atf2 3.37 NM_013108 Adrenergic receptor, beta 3 Adrb3 3.34 NM_012863 Muscle, intestine and stomach expression 1 Mist1 3.29 M13979 Solute carrier family 2 (facilitated glucose transporter), Slc2a1 3.28 member 1 NM_130739 Acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 6 Acsl6 3.27 NM_019376 Tyrosine 3-monooxgenase/tryptophan 5-monooxgenase Ywhag 3.27 activation protein, gamma polypeptide NM_019180 Mast cell protease 6 Mcpt6 3.25 NM_012893 Actin, gamma 2 Actg2 3.18 NM_133597 Cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, beta polypeptide 3 Chrnb3 3.17 NM_012735 Hexokinase 2 Hk2 3.16 0.33 AA892567 Archain Arcn1 3.12 BE107464 ARP2 actin-related protein 2 homolog (yeast) (predicted) Actr2 3.12 X65747 Guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha transducing 3 Gnat3 3.10 0.46 NM_012963 High mobility group box 1 Hmgb1 3.08 NM_017344 Glycogen synthase kinase 3 alpha Gsk3a 3.08 NM_053459 RAB27B, member RAS oncogene family Rab27b 3.05 NM_012610 Nerve growth factor receptor (TNFR superfamily, Ngfr 3.05 member 16) NM_053868 Neuroligin 1 Nlgn1 3.00 AI045600 Translocating chain-associating membrane protein Tram1 2.98 AF378093 Sodium channel, voltage-gated, type III, beta Scn3b 2.97 NM_021855 Cone-rod homeobox protein Crx 2.97 NM_013189 Guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha z subunit Gnaz 2.96 NM_019343 Regulator of G-protein signaling 7 Rgs7 2.95 U77697 Platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule Pecam 2.95 NM_130822 Calcium-independent alpha-latrotoxin receptor homolog Lphn3 2.95 3 NM_057115 Protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 12 Ptpn12 2.94 NM_013177 Glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase 2 Got2 2.93 NM_017041 Protein phosphatase 3, catalytic subunit, alpha isoform Ppp3ca 2.91 NM_019204 Beta-site APP cleaving enzyme Bace 2.90 NM_016990 Adducin 1 (alpha) Add1 2.88 U70050 Jagged 2 Jag2 2.84 BF555949 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-Coenzyme A reductase Hmgcr 2.84 NM_017140 Dopamine receptor D3 Drd3 2.81 NM_013155 Very low density lipoprotein receptor Vldlr 2.80 AW919190 Tropomyosin 1, alpha Tpm1 2.77 NM_017049 Solute carrier family 4, member 3 Slc4a3 2.77 U54632 Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2I Ube2i 2.76 AF031879 Neurofilament, heavy polypeptide Nefh 2.76 2 Downloaded from iovs.arvojournals.org on 09/30/2021 AF087696 Membrane protein, palmitoylated 2 (MAGUK p55 Mpp2 2.76 subfamily member 2) AF030050 Replication factor C 1 Recc1 2.75 AF083329 Interleukin 12 receptor, beta 2 Il12rb2 2.75 AI599641 Bromodomain-containing 2 Brd2 2.75 NM_012504 ATPase, Na+/K+ transporting, alpha 1 polypeptide Atp1a1 2.74 NM_019283 Solute carrier family 3 (activators of dibasic and neutral Slc3a2 2.74 amino acid transport), member 2 NM_017198 P21 (CDKN1A)-activated kinase 1 Pak1 2.72 NM_053818 Solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter, Slc6a9 2.71 glycine), member 9 NM_053357 Catenin beta Catnb 2.70 NM_019326 Neurogenic differentiation 2 Neurod2 2.70 0.45 NM_022856 Ngfi-A binding protein 1 Nab1 2.68 M59786 Calcium channel, voltage-dependent, L type, alpha 1C Cacna1c 2.68 subunit AA892364 WW domain binding protein 11 (predicted) Wbp11 2.67 NM_019235 Gamma-glutamyltransferase-like activity 1 Ggtla1 2.63 NM_019315 Potassium intermediate/small conductance calcium- Kcnn3 2.63 activated channel, subfamily N, member 3 X64403 CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP), gamma Cebpg 2.62 BE109664 Casein kinase II, alpha 1 polypeptide Csnk2a1 2.60 NM_019358 Glycoprotein 38 Gp38 2.60 X76996 Granzyme B Gzmb 2.60 X69523 Retinol binding protein 3 Rbp3 2.59 NM_053554 Phosphatidylinositol binding clathrin assembly protein Picalm 2.59 BF281741 Glioma tumor suppressor candidate region gene 2 LOC2926 2.58 24 NM_030843 Syntaxin binding protein 5 (tomosyn) Stxbp5 2.58 NM_017303 Potassium voltage-gated channel, shaker-related Kcnab1 2.57 subfamily, beta member 1 M90661 Insulin receptor-related receptor Insrr 2.57 NM_021592 Heart and neural crest derivatives expressed transcript 1 Hand1 2.56 NM_022498 Protein phosphatase 1, catalytic subunit, gamma isoform Ppp1cc 2.54 AJ011607 DNA primase, p58 subunit Prim2 2.53 BF412073 T-cell lymphoma invasion and metastasis 1 (predicted) Tiam1 2.53 NM_021693 SNF1-like kinase Snf1lk 2.53 AA944176 Leucyl-tRNA synthetase (predicted) Lars 2.52 NM_021869 Syntaxin 7 Stx7 2.50 AB022209 Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein F Hnrpf 2.49 NM_031514 Janus kinase 2 Jak2 2.48 NM_019159 Synapsin II Syn2 2.48 BE109242 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homologue 2 (active) Kras2 2.47 NM_031070 Nel-like 2 homolog (chicken) Nell2 2.46 NM_021576 5 nucleotidase Nt5 2.46 3 Downloaded from iovs.arvojournals.org on 09/30/2021 AW914809 Germ cell-less protein Gcl 2.46 AW531901 Guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha q polypeptide Gnaq 2.45 NM_017038 Protein phosphatase 1A, magnesium dependent, alpha Ppm1a 2.45 isoform NM_021766 Progesterone receptor membrane component 1 Pgrmc1 2.45 J03819 Thyroid hormone receptor beta Thrb 2.43 AJ132846 Sodium-dependent neutral amino acid transporter Slc1a5 2.43 ASCT2 NM_031119 Sjogren syndrome antigen B Ssb 2.43 AI105205 CDW92 antigen Cdw92 2.43 AI409899 Solute carrier family 20, member 2 Slc20a2 2.42 NM_080904 ADP-ribosylation factor 3 Arf3 2.41 NM_012764 GATA binding protein 1 Gata1 2.41 NM_013013 Prosaposin Psap 2.41 0.49 AI575254 Sideroflexin 5 Sfxn5 2.40 NM_012744 Pyruvate carboxylase Pc 2.40 NM_021264 Ribosomal protein L35a Rpl35a 2.39 NM_057153 Oxr1 2.38 BF289092 Chloride intracellular channel 4 Clic4 2.38 NM_013090 Vesicle-associated membrane protein 1 Vamp1 2.38 BE108905 Nucleosome assembly protein 1-like 1 Nap1l1 2.37 NM_053989 dd5 2.36 NM_017325 Runt related transcription factor 1 Runx1 2.36 NM_053431 Quiescin Q6 Qscn6 2.33 NM_017153 Ribosomal protein S3a Rps3a 2.32 Y13972 MHC class I-like sequence Hlals 2.32 NM_031007 Adenylate cyclase 2 Adcy2 2.31 NM_013060 Inhibitor of DNA binding 2, dominant negative helix-loop- Id2 2.31 helix protein AF313411 Putative small membrane protein NID67 Nid67 2.31 NM_013151 Plasminogen activator, tissue Plat 2.30 NM_031777 Upstream transcription factor 1 Usf1 2.30 M69138 Nuclease sensitive element binding protein 1 Nsep1 2.30 NM_021694 Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 1 Arhgef1 2.29 NM_031814 G protein-coupled receptor kinase interactor 1 Git1 2.29 NM_013043 Tgfb1i4 2.29 AF021923 Solute carrier family 24 (sodium/potassium/calcium Slc24a2 2.28 exchanger), member 2 NM_031788 RE1-silencing transcription factor Rest 2.27 NM_138505 Adrenergic receptor, alpha 2b Adra2b 2.27 M83676 RAB12, member RAS oncogene family Rab12 2.26 NM_017090 Guanylate cyclase 1, soluble, alpha 3 Gucy1a3 2.26 AW435429 G-protein signalling modulator 1 (AGS3-like, C. elegans) Gpsm1 2.26 NM_019280 Gap junction membrane channel protein alpha 5 Gja5 2.26 NM_053592 Deoxyuridine triphosphatase Dutp 2.25 4 Downloaded from iovs.arvojournals.org on 09/30/2021 BF525153 G1 to S phase transition 1 Gspt1 2.25 NM_017028 Mx2 2.25 NM_031977 Rous sarcoma oncogene Src 2.25 NM_053335 C-terminal binding protein 2 Ctbp2 2.25 NM_057114 Peroxiredoxin 1 Prdx1 2.24 NM_053471 Sema domain, transmembrane domain (TM), and Sema6b 2.24 cytoplasmic domain, (semaphorin) 6B NM_133419 Dyskeratosis congenita 1, dyskerin Dkc1 2.23 Y17326 Cleavage and polyadenylation specific factor 4 Cpsf4 2.23 NM_031684 Solute carrier family 29 (nucleoside transporters), Slc29a1 2.22 0.44 member 1 AI411375 V-ets erythroblastosis virus E26 oncogene homolog 2 Ets2 2.21 (avian) AI180349 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family, member Slco4a1 2.20 4a1 AF065161 Cytokine inducible SH2-containing protein Cish 2.20 BF284242 Adaptor-related protein complex 1, gamma 1 subunit Ap1g1 2.20 U17565 Mini chromosome maintenance deficient 6 (S.
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  • Formation of COPI-Coated Vesicles at a Glance Eric C

    Formation of COPI-Coated Vesicles at a Glance Eric C

    © 2018. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd | Journal of Cell Science (2018) 131, jcs209890. doi:10.1242/jcs.209890 CELL SCIENCE AT A GLANCE Formation of COPI-coated vesicles at a glance Eric C. Arakel1 and Blanche Schwappach1,2,* ABSTRACT unresolved, this review attempts to refocus the perspectives of The coat protein complex I (COPI) allows the precise sorting of lipids the field. and proteins between Golgi cisternae and retrieval from the Golgi KEY WORDS: Arf1, ArfGAP, COPI, Coatomer, Golgi, Endoplasmic to the ER. This essential role maintains the identity of the early reticulum, Vesicle coat secretory pathway and impinges on key cellular processes, such as protein quality control. In this Cell Science at a Glance and accompanying poster, we illustrate the different stages of COPI- Introduction coated vesicle formation and revisit decades of research in the Vesicle coat proteins, such as the archetypal clathrin and the coat context of recent advances in the elucidation of COPI coat structure. protein complexes II and I (COPII and COPI, respectively) are By calling attention to an array of questions that have remained molecular machines with two central roles: enabling vesicle formation, and selecting protein and lipid cargo to be packaged within them. Thus, coat proteins fulfil a central role in the 1Department of Molecular Biology, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Humboldtallee homeostasis of the cell’s endomembrane system and are the basis 23, 37073 Göttingen, Germany. 2Max-Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, 37077 Göttingen, Germany. of functionally segregated compartments. COPI operates in retrieval from the Golgi to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and in intra-Golgi *Author for correspondence ([email protected]) transport (Beck et al., 2009; Duden, 2003; Lee et al., 2004a; Spang, E.C.A., 0000-0001-7716-7149; B.S., 0000-0003-0225-6432 2009), and maintains ER- and Golgi-resident chaperones and enzymes where they belong.
  • G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Signaling and Polarized Actin Dynamics Drive

    G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Signaling and Polarized Actin Dynamics Drive

    RESEARCH ARTICLE elifesciences.org G-protein-coupled receptor signaling and polarized actin dynamics drive cell-in-cell invasion Vladimir Purvanov, Manuel Holst, Jameel Khan, Christian Baarlink, Robert Grosse* Institute of Pharmacology, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany Abstract Homotypic or entotic cell-in-cell invasion is an integrin-independent process observed in carcinoma cells exposed during conditions of low adhesion such as in exudates of malignant disease. Although active cell-in-cell invasion depends on RhoA and actin, the precise mechanism as well as the underlying actin structures and assembly factors driving the process are unknown. Furthermore, whether specific cell surface receptors trigger entotic invasion in a signal-dependent fashion has not been investigated. In this study, we identify the G-protein-coupled LPA receptor 2 (LPAR2) as a signal transducer specifically required for the actively invading cell during entosis. We find that 12/13G and PDZ-RhoGEF are required for entotic invasion, which is driven by blebbing and a uropod-like actin structure at the rear of the invading cell. Finally, we provide evidence for an involvement of the RhoA-regulated formin Dia1 for entosis downstream of LPAR2. Thus, we delineate a signaling process that regulates actin dynamics during cell-in-cell invasion. DOI: 10.7554/eLife.02786.001 Introduction Entosis has been described as a specialized form of homotypic cell-in-cell invasion in which one cell actively crawls into another (Overholtzer et al., 2007). Frequently, this occurs between tumor cells such as breast, cervical, or colon carcinoma cells and can be triggered by matrix detachment (Overholtzer et al., 2007), suggesting that loss of integrin-mediated adhesion may promote cell-in-cell invasion.
  • ADP-Ribosylation Factor, a Small GTP-Binding Protein, Is Required for Binding of the Coatomer Protein Fl-COP to Golgi Membranes JULIE G

    ADP-Ribosylation Factor, a Small GTP-Binding Protein, Is Required for Binding of the Coatomer Protein Fl-COP to Golgi Membranes JULIE G

    Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA Vol. 89, pp. 6408-6412, July 1992 Biochemistry ADP-ribosylation factor, a small GTP-binding protein, is required for binding of the coatomer protein fl-COP to Golgi membranes JULIE G. DONALDSON*, DAN CASSEL*t, RICHARD A. KAHN*, AND RICHARD D. KLAUSNER* *Cell Biology and Metabolism Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, and tLaboratory of Biological Chemistry, Division of Cancer Treatment, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 Communicated by Marc Kirschner, April 20, 1992 (receivedfor review February 11, 1992) ABSTRACT The coatomer is a cytosolic protein complex localized to the Golgi complex, although their functions have that reversibly associates with Golgi membranes and is Impli- not been defined. Distinct among these proteins is the ADP- cated in modulating Golgi membrane transport. The associa- ribosylation factor (ARF), originally identified as a cofactor tion of 13-COP, a component of coatomer, with Golgi mem- required for in vitro cholera toxin-catalyzed ADP- branes is enhanced by guanosine 5'-[v-thioltriphosphate ribosylation of the a subunit of the trimeric GTP-binding (GTP[yS]), a nonhydrolyzable analogue of GTP, and by a protein G, (G,.) (19). ARF is an abundant cytosolic protein mixture of aluminum and fluoride ions (Al/F). Here we show that reversibly associates with Golgi membranes (20, 21). that the ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF) is required for the ARF has been shown to be present on Golgi coated vesicles binding of (-COP. Thus, 13-COP contained in a coatomer generated in the presence of GTP[yS], but it is not a com- fraction that has been resolved from ARF does not bind to Golgi ponent of the cytosolic coatomer (22).