Overview of Existing Conditions
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Overview 3 of Existing Conditions Summary East End Cemetery contains layers of information that generate additional questions after each day of investigation. This chapter provides a survey of the existing conditions and an analysis of opportunities and challenges. 30 EAST END CEMETERY MASTER PLAN 3.1 Oakwood-Chimborazo National Historic District East End Cemetery is located on the far eastern The District has an eclectic collection of 1,606 corner of the City of Richmond, separated from buildings, of which the majority is a diverse the rest of the city by Gillies Creek and Stony Run. collection of Late Victorian, Greek Revival, and Its eastern boundary is marked by the Henrico Italianate structures. The cemetery provides County line. The Oakwood-Chimborazo National visible evidence of the growth and evolution Historic District extends from Oakwood Cemetery of the community as a potential contributing and Historic Evergreen Cemetery as its north resource to the district. Therefore, if the cemetery terminus to Gillies Creek Park and East Broad is incorporated into the District, East End may be Street as its south terminus. East End Cemetery, eligible for federal or state tax credits. while not currently included in the District, fi ts within the District's primary period HENRICO COUNTY of signifi cance, dating from CITY OF RICHMOND 1820 to 1950. CREIGHTON RD Legend East End Cemetery DABBS HENRICO HOUSE COUNTY Privately-owned MUNICIPAL W NINE MILE RD (33) Cemetery COMPLEX FAIRMOUNT City-owned Cemetery City/County-owned COLORED PAUPERS Park CEMETERY OAKWOOD EAST END Bike Trail INTERSTATE 64 CEMETERY CEMETERY Trail Planned Bike/ Pedestrian HISTORIC EVERGREEN Street OAKWOOD STONY RUN CEMETERY Parcel Boundary GILLIES CREEK Richmond City E RICHMOND RD Boundary SHOCKOE BOTTOM Waterway SIR MOSES Floodway JENNY SCHER RD MONTEFIORE CEMETERY 100-year Floodplain CHIMBORAZO PARK 500-year Floodplain VIRGINIA CAPITAL TRAIL GILLIES CREEK Building/Structure GILLIES CREEK PARK MONTROSE Oakwood-Chimborazo HEIGHTS National Historic District WILLIAMSBURG RD FULTON HILL 0’ 600’ 1200’ 2400’ NATIONAL RICHMOND ROCKETTS CEMETERY N SCALE: 1”: 2400’ LANDING EXISTING CONDITIONS OVERVIEW 31 3.2 Cemetery District geographic and demographic expansion of East End Cemetery falls within a “cemetery Richmond and the need for hallowed ground for district,” where there is a cluster of multiple each group of people. Three of these cemeteries cemeteries within a half-mile radius. The cemetery (East End, Sir Moses Montefi ore, and Workmen’s district contains seven cemeteries: Oakwood, East Circle) straddle the city/county line, which has End, Colored Paupers, Historic Evergreen, Sir not shifted since the cemeteries were established. Moses Montefi ore, Beth Torah, and Workmen’s Oakwood Cemetery and Historic Evergreen Circle of Richmond. Each cemetery tells the Cemetery are the only two cemeteries that also are story of a diff erent group of people representing part of the Oakwood-Chimborazo District. diverse ethnicities, religions, and socio-economic backgrounds. As a collection, they show the Creighton Court Redevelopment Dabbs House Colored Paupers Woodville Cemetery Elementary School Oakwood Henrico County East End Cemetery City of Richmond Cemetery Oakwood Legend Playground East End Cemetery Historic Privately-owned Evergreen Cemetery Cemetery City-owned Cemetery City/County-owned Park Gillies Creek Bike Trail Bill Robinson Park Street Parcel Boundary Richmond City Boundary Workmen’s Circle Waterway Cemetery of Floodway Gillies Creek Sir Moses Montefi ore Richmond Virginia 100-year Floodplain Cemetery 500-year Floodplain Beth Torah Cemetery Montrose Heights Oakwood-Chimborazo National Historic District Playground 0’ 400’ 800’ 1600’ N SCALE: 1”: 1600’ 32 EAST END CEMETERY MASTER PLAN Oakwood Cemetery 1 2 Founded by the City of Richmond in 1855, Oakwood began with interments of African American paupers along Stony Run. This initially rural cemetery drew wealthy white upper-class burials soon after. Colored Paupers Cemetery 3 When Colored Paupers was established in 1895, it was originally part of Oakwood Cemetery. It holds hundreds of burials, with only a few marked. In 1 2 2007, it was reclaimed by the nonprofi t Virginia Roots to be managed by the City. The cleared area of the cemetery was named Garden of Lilies, to honor the children buried there. Sir Moses Montefi ore Cemetery 4 Founded in the 1880s by orthodox Jewish Russian immigrants, Sir Moses Montefi ore Cemetery honors a diff erent immigration group, Jewish German immigrants of Beth Ahabah. 3 4 Historic Evergreen Cemetery 5 6 Historic Evergreen Cemetery was founded in 1891 and designed by James T. Redd & Sons on a 46-acre parcel. It was later expanded to almost 59 acres in 1902 when the eastern parcel was purchased. The Enrichmond Foundation purchased Historic Evergreen in 2017. Workmen’s Circle Cemetery of Richmond, Virginia 7 5 6 Established in 1924, the Workmen’s Circle Cemetery provided aff ordable burials for its members. It contains several hundred burials. Beth Torah Cemetery 8 The Jewish Orthodox Beth Torah Cemetery was founded in the 1950s. When the founding congregation dissolved at some point, Congregation Kol Emes assumed ownership. In 2005, a corporation from within the congregation took over 7 8 the ownership and operation. EXISTING CONDITIONS OVERVIEW 33 3.3 Surrounding Land Use East End Cemetery and the adjacent Historic Two landfi lls, one in the City of Richmond Evergreen Cemetery are owned by the Enrichmond and one in Henrico County, are southwest and Foundation. The surrounding land is primarily northwest of the cemetery, respectively. Both industrial, residential, or vacant. landfi lls are capped, meaning they are closed and have active measures in place to manage potential The East End Cemetery abuts the Colored Paupers hazards, such as eff ects on water quality and gas Cemetery parcel along East End’s southwestern emissions. boundary along the city/county line. Historic Evergreen Cemetery also abuts the southern Residential neighborhoods are located north, west, boundary of East End Cemetery along the city/ and south of the site. These have a variety of single- county line. South of East Richmond Road, Henrico family, condominium, and multi-family housing County owns land within the city limits for a water units. Few commercial lots are located within half equalization basin. Much of the land south Historic a mile of East End Cemetery, resulting in fewer Evergreen Cemetery to the railway is owned by workforce habitants in the area. the city or the county and is used for sanitary lines and water management facilities. Industry located to the east and south of East End causes high noise Legend Waterway levels, odors, undesirable views, and air pollution Cemetery Boundary Street Cemetery (public) for the cemetery. Parcel Boundary Cemetery (private) City Boundary Park/Open Space Industrial Commercial Residential Vacant 1 2 1 Historic Evergreen Cemetery 2 Stony Run Parkway looking north 3 Stony Run Parkway looking south 4 Rear entrance to Gillies Creek Recycling 3 4 34 EAST END CEMETERY MASTER PLAN 0’ 225’ 450’ 900’ N SCALE: 1”: 900’ HENRICO COUNTY CITY OF RICHMOND VACANT VACANT VACANT INDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIAL RESIDENTIAL LANDFILL (HENRICO COUNTY) 2 1 3 EAST END 4 I-65 CEMETERY (ENRICHMOND) RESIDENTIAL COLORED PAUPERS CEMETERY (CITY OF HENRICO COUNTY OAKWOOD RICHMOND) CITY OF RICHMOND CEMETERY (CITY OF RICHMOND) VACANT (PRIVATE) HISTORIC INDUSTRIAL EVERGREEN CEMETERY GILLIES CREEK (ENRICHMOND) RECYCLING (PRIVATE) CITY OF RICHMOND HENRICO COUNTY RESIDENTIAL EAST RICHMOND ROAD LANDFILL REESE SANDBLASTING (CITY OF RICHMOND) (PRIVATE) CITY OF RICHMOND GILLIES CREEK FLOW HENRICO COUNTY EQUALIZATION BASIN (HENRICO COUNTY) INDUSTRIAL (PRIVATE) RAILWAY INDUSTRIAL (PRIVATE) VACANT RESIDENTIAL HENRICO COUNTY CITY OF RICHMOND EXISTING CONDITIONS OVERVIEW 35 3.4 Spatial Orientation Bulheller/Evergreen Road Stony Run Pkwy "U" Loop The Knoll The Diagonal n y Ru Ston Legend Historic Evergreen Cemetery Existing Contours Cemetery Path Waterway Street Floodway 0’ 45’ 90’ 180’ Parcel Boundary 100-year Floodplain N SCALE: 1”: 180’ Richmond City Boundary 500-year Floodplain 36 EAST END CEMETERY MASTER PLAN East End Cemetery incorporates a grid layout A U-shaped loop is the primary organizing adapted to topographical and hydrological element in the northern portion of the cemetery. features. In 2020, Enrichmond hired SKTWorks The western portion slopes downhill to the LLC, a GIS and GPS services fi rm, to complete clearing within Colored Paupers Cemetery. It is mapping of East End Cemetery. This information, undetermined how far burials extend down the provided by SKT, is adapted in this plan to refl ect hillside. The southern portion contains a path with as-built infrastructure and cemetery features as a smaller loop at the end that takes advantage of a discovered to date. Portions of the site remain small knoll situated to the east of Colored Paupers unknown due to dense vegetation, soil and debris and to the north of Historic Evergreen Cemetery. cover, and vandalism. The southern area is also bisected by a drainage ravine that fl ows south into Evergreen Cemetery, Features resulting in a diagonal layout pa ern confi gured to Since 2013, volunteers associated with the Friends work with the topography. of East End Cemetery cleared large portions of the cemetery leaving overstory trees that give the There is evidence of erosion in the drainage ravine land an open woodland appearance. Family and and along the western edge of the cemetery that individual plots are concentrated mainly along continues down to the Colored Paupers Cemetery. Bulheller/Evergreen Road and just north of Historic This erosion may threaten existing burials. Evergreen Cemetery. There are some ornate gravestones and statues that are interspersed Viewsheds throughout the site, and many metal markers in Historically, vegetation framed views into and out the northern part of the cemetery placed by funeral of the cemetery boundary along roads and between homes. focal points. As the vegetation matured, these views became obscured. Although some vistas are Topography + Layout cleared of the vegetation and the views restored.