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Eocene Algae from Ishigaki-Shima Ryukyu-Retto

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Eocene Algae from Ishigaki-shima Ryukyu-retto GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 399-C Eocene Algae from Ishigaki-shima Ryukyu-retto By J. HARLAN JOHNSON GEOLOGY AND PALEONTOLOGY OF ISHIGAKI-SHIMA, RYUKYU-RETTO GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 399-C Descriptions of six new species from exceptionally well preserved specimens of Eocene limestone UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1964 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR STEW ART L. UDALL, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Thomas B. Nolan, Director The U.S. Geological Survey Library has cataloged this publication as follows: Johnson, Jesse Harlan, 1892- Eocene algae from Isliigaki-shima,, Ryukyu-retto. Wash­ ington, U.S. Govt, Print. Off., 1964. iii, 13 p. 7 plates, map, tables. 30 cm. (U.S. Geological Survey. Professional Paper 39&-C) Geology and paleontology of Ishigaki-shima, Ryukyu-retto. Bibliography: p. 12-13. 1. Algae, Fossil. 2. Paleobotany Eocene. 3. Paleobotany Ryukyu Islands. I. Title. (Series) For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 CONTENTS Systematic descriptions Continued Abstract.__________________________________________ Cl Rhodophyta Continued Introduction _______________________________________ 1 Family Corallinaceae Continued Acknowledgments__ _______________________________ 1 Subfamily Melobesioideae Continued Page The algal flora_____________________________________ 1 Genus Mesophyllum Lemoine, 1928._ C7 Locality data for the Eocene algae________________ 1 Genus Lithophyllum Philippi, 1837____ 9 Ecological interpretations._______________________ 3 Genus Lithoporella Foslie, 1909.______ 10 Systematic descriptions..____________________________ 3 Genus Dermatolithon Foslie, 1899. .___ 10 Rhodophyta (red algae)_________________________ 3 Subfamily Corallinoideae (articulated coral­ Family Corallinaceae (coralline algae)_________ 3 lines) ____________________________ 11 Subfamily Melobesioideae (crustose coral­ Genus Corallina Linnaeus, 1758_____ 11 lines) __________________________ 3 Genus Jania Lamouroux, 1812_______ 11 Genus Archaeolithothamnium Rothpletz, Genus Amphiroa Lamouroux, 1812____ 12 1891.------_----_-__-__-_-_-__._ 3 Selected bibliography______________________________ 12 Genus Lithothamnium Philippi, 1837.. 5 ILLUSTRATIONS [Platesfollow index] PLATE 1. Archaeolithothamnium. 2. Archaeolithothamnium, Lithothamnium, and Lithoporella. 3. Lithothamnium and Mesophyllum. 4. Lithothamnium and Mesophyllum. 5. Mesophyllum. 6. Mesophyllum and Lithophyllum. 7. Jania, Corallina, Lithothamnium, Lithophyllum, and Mesophyllum. Page FIGURE 1. Map of Ishigaki-shima showing Eocene algae localities... ________ C2 TABLES Page 1. Measurements and distribution of Eocene species of Archaeolithothamnium. C3 2-4. Measurements of 2. Archaeolithothamnium fosteri Johnson, n. sp_____-__-__-_-_---_-_-_. 3 3. Archaeolithothamnium nummuliticum (Giimbel) Rothpletz_ ___________ 4 4. Archaeolithothamnium cf. A. affine Howe___________-_______________ 5 5. Measurements and distribution of Eocene species of Lithothamnium----.-. 5 6-8. Measurements of 6. Lithothamnium faurai Lemoine____________________-_____-_--__--- 6 7. Lithothamnium ishigakiensis Johnson n. sp_______________________ 6 8. Lithothamnium cf. L. moreti Lemoine_____________________________ 7 9. Measurements and distribution of Eocene species of Mesophyllum,--------. 10-14. Measurements of 10. Mesophyllum ishigakiensis Johnson n. sp___-________--___-____-_-- 11. Mesophyllum ryukyuensis Johnson n. sp___________________________ 12. Mesophyllum vaughanii (Howe) Lemoine__-_-__-___-__-_--_--____- 9 13. Corallina cossmanni Lemoine___ _________________________________ 11 14. Jania mayei Johnson, n.sp__ _-_-_--._-___-______-___--___-_-_--_. 12 ni GEOLOGY AND PALEONTOLOGY OF ISHIGAKI-SHIMA, RYUKYU-RETTO EOCENE ALGAE FROM ISHIGAKI-SHIMA, RYUKYU-RETTO By J. HAELAN JOHNSON ABSTRACT distributed Eocene flora that extended from the western Well-preserved calcareous algae occur abundantly in some of Mediterranean region across southern Asia, the East the Eocene limestone at Ishigaki-shima, Ryukyu-retto. Most Indies, and much of the tropical Pacific. It will be of the algae observed were red crustose corallines, but a few noted that many of the named species were originally articulated corallines were also present. The green algae were represented by only a few fragments of Halimeda. With the founded on material from France, Spain, Italy, and exception of a few endemic species, the algae belong to a widely Algeria. Most of them are known from previous col­ distributed Eocene flora that extended from the western Med­ lections made at Bikini, Saipan, and Guam in the iterranean region, across southern Asia, the East Indies, and Pacific. much of the tropical Pacific. Recognized were 6 species of Arcnaeolithothamnium, 10 LOCALITY DATA FOR THE EOCENE ALGAE species of LitnotJiamnium, 5 species of Mesophyllum, 3 species Locations of sample localities are shown in figure 1. of Lithopnyllum, 2 of Lithoporella, 1 of DermatolitJion, 3 of Corallina, 1 of Jania, and 1 of AmpJiiroa. F-49 Limestone from remnants that crop out in a near-sea- Described as new are: Arcnaeolithothamnium fosteri, LitJio- level valley 0.5 km north of O-saki on the Yarabu Peninsula. tJiamnium ishigaJciensis, Mesophyllum isMgakiensis, Mesophyl- F-50 Limestone from hillside 0.6 km north of O-saki on the lum ryukyuensis, Lithoporella minus and Jania mayei. Yarabu Peninsula. F-51 Limestone overlying schist unconformably at about 1 km INTRODUCTION north of 6-saki on the Yarabu Peninsula. Calcareous algae occur abundantly in the Eocene F-80 Isolated limestone block at road junction on the east limestone of the Miyara formation on Ishigaki-shima, side of the Miyara-gawa along the coastal road 1 km north­ Ryukyu-retto, and many are exceptionally well pre­ east of Miyara. served. An unusually large number of the specimens F-81 North of Inoda 0.5 km. F-83 North of Ibaruma 1.2 km. Erosional remnants of gray collected contained conceptacles and sporangia. As a shaly appearing limestone. result, the study of the collections was exceptionally F-84 Northwest of Miyara 1.4 km. Chert pebble conglomeratic rewarding. limestone that grades into light-gray limestone without This study is based on several hundred thin sections pebbles. and a score or so of .specimens. Most of the slides were F-85 Limestone from near fault 1.6 km northwest of Miyara. 2 by 2 inches or larger. F-95 2.7 km north of Hirae. Most of the algae observed belong to the crustose F-163 Thin bed of limestone interbedded in shale exposed in corallines. Articulated corallines were relatively rare. streambed 1.3 km northwest of O-saki, Yarabu Peninsula. Green algae were unusually scarce; only a few Hali­ F-176 Limestone remnants 0.3 km east of Dacho-zaki on the meda segments were noted. Hirakubo Peninsula. M-97 Bluff 1.4 km northeast of Miyara. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS M-106 1.8 km north of Miyara. H. L. Foster supplied the collections and the strati - M-121 Large remnant slabs of limestone on ridge of volcanic breccia 0.6 km northeast of Hoshino. graphic and locality data. She kindly read the manu­ M-236 Northern limestone knob 0.9 northwest of Hoshino. script and made helpful suggestions. The Colorado M-239 North slope of central limestone knob 0.5 km north­ School of Mines supplied laboratory and library facili­ west of Hoshino. ties and photographic equipment. M-240 Base of limestone section on north face of southern THE ALGAL FLORA limestone knob 0.4 km west of Hoshino. M-247 1.5 km north of Miyara. The flora, although containing several endemic M-248 0.4 km northwest of Miyara. species, consists mainly of species belonging to a widely M-286 2.2 km north-northeast of Hirae. Cl C2 GEOLOGY AND PALEONTOLOGY OF ISHIGAKI-SHIMA, RYUKYU-RETTO 124°15' 4 6 KILOMETERS J_____I -24°30 Shiraho Sample locality referred to in text FIGURE 1. Map of Ishigaki-shima showing Eocene algae localities. EOCENE ALGAE C3 ECOLOGICAL INTERPRETATIONS cells. Commonly it is thinner than the perithallus. The flora grew in clear warm shallow marine waters The characteristic feature of the genus is that the that were rich in lime and had good circulation. The sporangia are not collected into conceptacles but occur large number of branching forms suggests depths not isolated or in layers or lenses in the perithallic tissue. greater than 60 feet, possibly considerably less. Structurally this is the most primitive genus of SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTIONS coralline algae that is still found in Eecent seas. It RHODOPHYTA (red algae) reached its greatest development during the Late Creta­ Family CORALLINACEAE (coralline algae) ceous and Eocene time. It appears to have always Subfamily MELOBESIOIDEAE (crustose corallines) lived in warm shallow marine waters. Genus ARCHAEOLITHOTHAMNIUM Rothpletz, 1891 In the collections from Ishigaki-shima, Archaeolitho- Like other genera of the crustose corallines, this genus thamnium is represented by numerous specimens of six has a tissue containing both a hypothallus and a peri- species. Table 1 shows their characteristic features and thallus. The hypothallus consists of curved rows of observed distribution. TABLE 1. Measurements, in microns, and distribution of Eocene species of Arc'haeolithothamnium [From random sections] Hypothallic cells Perithallic cells Sporangia Species Growth habit Locality Length Width Length Width Diameter Height Archaeolithothamnium chamonosum Johnson. 11-14 7-13 9-14 9-11 26-41 46-48 P-49. 16-38 8-14 9-28 6-15 34-68 41-95 F-49, 50,
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    UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DE BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR ÁREA DE CONOCIMIENTO DE CIENCIAS DEL MAR DEPARTAMENTO ACADÉMICO DE BIOLOGÍA MARINA PROGRAMA DE INVESTIGACIÓN EN BOTÁNICA MARINA Seaweed and seagrasses inventory of Laguna de San Ignacio, BCS. Dr. Rafael Riosmena-Rodríguez y Dr. Juan Manuel López Vivas Programa de Investigación en Botánica Marina, Departamento de Biología Marina, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur, Apartado postal 19-B, km. 5.5 carretera al Sur, La Paz B.C.S. 23080 México. Tel. 52-612-1238800 ext. 4140; Fax. 52-612-12800880; Email: [email protected]. Participants: Dr. Jorge Manuel López-Calderón, Dr. Carlos Sánchez Ortiz, Dr. Gerardo González Barba, Dr. Sung Min Boo, Dra. Kyung Min Lee, Hidrobiol. Carmen Mendez Trejo, M. en C. Nestor Manuel Ruíz Robinson, Pas Biol. Mar. Tania Cota. Periodo de reporte: Marzo del 2013 a Junio del 2014. Abstract: The present report presents the surveys of marine flora 2013 – 2014 in the San Ignacio Lagoon of the, representing the 50% of planned visits and in where we were able to identifying 19 species of macroalgae to the area plus 2 Seagrass traditionally cited. The analysis of the number of species / distribution of macroalgae and seagrass is in progress using an intense review of literature who will be concluded using the last field trip information in May-June 2014. During the last two years we have not been able to find large abundances of species of microalgae as were described since 2006 and the floristic lists developed in the 90's. This added with the presence to increase both coverage and biomass of invasive species which makes a real threat to consider.
  • Thesis MILADI Final Defense

    Thesis MILADI Final Defense

    Administrative Seat: University of Sfax, Tunisia University of Messina, Italy National School of Engineers of Sfax Department of Chemical, Biological, Biological Engineering Department Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences Unité de Biotechnologie des Algues Doctorate in Applied Biology and Doctorate in Biological Engineering Experimental Medicine – XXIX Cycle DNA barcoding identification of the macroalgal flora of Tunisia Ramzi MILADI Doctoral Thesis 2018 S.S.D. BIO/01 Supervisor at the University of Sfax Supervisor at the University of Messina Prof. Slim ABDELKAFI Prof. Marina MORABITO TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ........................................................................................... 3 ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................................... 6 1. INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................... 8 1.1. SPECIES CONCEPT IN ALGAE ..................................................................................... 9 1.2. WHAT ARE ALGAE? ................................................................................................. 11 1.2.1. CHLOROPHYTA ....................................................................................................... 12 1.2.2. RHODOPHYTA ........................................................................................................ 13 1.3. CLASSIFICATION OF ALGAE ....................................................................................
  • Marine Species Distributions: from Data to Predictive Models

    Marine Species Distributions: from Data to Predictive Models

    Marine Species Distributions: From data to predictive models Samuel Bosch Promoter: Prof. Dr. Olivier De Clerck Thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor (PhD) in Science – Biology Academic year 2016-2017 Members of the examination committee Prof. Dr. Olivier De Clerck - Ghent University (Promoter)* Prof. Dr. Tom Moens – Ghent University (Chairman) Prof. Dr. Elie Verleyen – Ghent University (Secretary) Prof. Dr. Frederik Leliaert – Botanic Garden Meise / Ghent University Dr. Tom Webb – University of Sheffield Dr. Lennert Tyberghein - Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee * non-voting members Financial support This thesis was funded by the ERANET INVASIVES project (EU FP7 SEAS-ERA/INVASIVES SD/ER/010) and by VLIZ as part of the Flemish contribution to the LifeWatch ESFRI. Table of contents Chapter 1 General Introduction 7 Chapter 2 Fishing for data and sorting the catch: assessing the 25 data quality, completeness and fitness for use of data in marine biogeographic databases Chapter 3 sdmpredictors: an R package for species distribution 49 modelling predictor datasets Chapter 4 In search of relevant predictors for marine species 61 distribution modelling using the MarineSPEED benchmark dataset Chapter 5 Spatio-temporal patterns of introduced seaweeds in 97 European waters, a critical review Chapter 6 A risk assessment of aquarium trade introductions of 119 seaweed in European waters Chapter 7 Modelling the past, present and future distribution of 147 invasive seaweeds in Europe Chapter 8 General discussion 179 References 193 Summary 225 Samenvatting 229 Acknowledgements 233 Chapter 1 General Introduction 8 | C h a p t e r 1 Species distribution modelling Throughout most of human history knowledge of species diversity and their respective distributions was an essential skill for survival and civilization.