Integrated Environmental Protection and Waste Minimization in the Area of Copper Mine Bor, Serbia

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Integrated Environmental Protection and Waste Minimization in the Area of Copper Mine Bor, Serbia

Environmental Engineering and Management Journal April 2014, Vol.13, No. 4, 791-804 http://omicron.ch.tuiasi.ro/EEMJ/ “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iasi, Romania INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND WASTE MINIMIZATION IN THE AREA OF COPPER MINE BOR, SERBIA Rodoljub D. Stanojlović1, Jovica M. Sokolović1, Novica Milosević2 1University of Belgrade, Technical Faculty in Bor, Vojske Jugoslavije 12, 19210 Bor, Serbia 2Mining and Metallurgy Institute Bor, Zeleni Bulevar 35, 19210 Bor, Serbia Abstract This paper discusses some environmental problems caused by the mine waste from the Copper Mine Bor in Serbia. The Copper Mine Bor and the Smelter generated about 2x109 tones of waste materials, located in the vicinity of the Bor. They cover mining, flotation tailings and smelting slag wastes. The existing mine waste have been formed during a hundred-year-old of mining and metallurgical activities in Bor. Also, new quantities of wastes (up to ten thousand tones) have been produced daily by using different mining and metalurgical processes. The chemical composition of mine wastes, the locations of the waste dumps and flotation tailings ponds near the town Bor and surroundings, make these wastes are major polluters of the soil, water and air. On the other hand, the contents of useful components in these wastes, first of all copper and precious metals, are a few times higher than in the primary copper ores. Therefore, mine wastes present a very important resource, which could be processed in the future. Key words: Copper Mine Bor, mine wastes, mining, pollution, smelting slag, tailings Received: August, 2011; Revised final: June, 2012; Accepted: July, 2012 Author to whom all correspondence should be addressed: E-mail: [email protected]; Phone: +381 30 424 555; Fax: +381 30 421 078 .

Copy Link

Recommended publications

Mining and Environment in the Western Balkans
Mining and environment in the Western Balkans www.envsec.org This study was initiated by the Environment and Security Initiative (ENV- SEC), a partnership between UNDP, UNEP, OSCE, NATO, UNECE and REC. Disclaimer: The views expressed in this study are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect views of neither UNEP nor ENVSEC partner organizations or their member-countries. The designations employed and the presentation of material in this study do not imply the expression of any opinion on the part of the organizations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area of its authority, or delineation of its frontiers and boundaries. “Mining and Environment in the Western Balkans” is also available as in- teractive map and information film for further insight in this subject. Both are available at www.envsec.org UNEP promotes environmentally sound practices globally and in its own activities. This report is printed on 100% recycled paper, using vegetable-based inks and other eco- friendly practices. Our distribution policy aims to reduce UNEP’s carbon footprint. Mining and environment in the Western Balkans Editor This study was prepared by Zoi Environment Christina Stuhlberger Network on behalf of UNEP Vienna in the framework of the Environment and Security Ini- Cartography tiative - South Eastern Europe with support of the Matthias Beilstein Austrian Development Agency (ADA) and the www.zoinet.org Produced by Zoï Environment Network Christina Stuhlberger Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Finland. Photography A special “thank you” to the many members of UNDP Montenegro the ENVSEC - South Eastern Europe family and Philip Peck friends of the Balkan who contributed through- Christina Stuhlberger out the years with passion and dedication to the topic.
[Show full text]
Geobotanička I Biogeohemijska
UNIVERZITET U BEOGRADU STUDIJE PRI UNIVERZITETU Mr Dragana D. Ran ñelovi ć GEOBOTANI ČKA I BIOGEOHEMIJSKA KARAKTERIZACIJA RUDNI ČKE OTKRIVKE U BORU I MOGU ĆNOST PRIMENE REZULTATA U REMEDIJACIJI doktorska disertacija Beograd, 2015 UNIVERSITY OF BELGRADE MULTIDISCIPLINARY STUDIES Mr Dragana D. Ran ñelovi ć GEOBOTANICAL AND BIOGEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF MINE OVERBURDEN IN BOR AND ITS POTENTIAL FOR APPLICATION IN REMEDIATION Doctoral Dissertation Belgrade, 2015 MENTORI: Dr Vladica Cvetkovi ć, redovni profesor Univerzitet u Beogradu - Rudarsko-geološki fakultet Dr Slobodan Jovanovi ć, vanredni profesor, Univerzitet u Beogradu - Biološki fakultet ČLANOVI KOMISIJE: Dr Boško Gaji ć, redovni profesor, Univerzitet u Beogradu - Poljoprivredni fakultet Dr Nevena Mihailovi ć, viši nau čni saradnik Univerzitet u Beogradu - Institut za primenu nuklearne energije (INEP) Dr Gordana Tomovi ć, docent, Univerzitet u Beogradu - Biološki fakultet Datum odbrane: Mojoj Porodici, U čiteljima i Prijateljima, a naro čito onima koji su u isto vreme bili sve ovo. Srda čno se zahvaljujem svom mentoru, prof. dr Vladici Cvetkovi ću, na materijalnoj podršci i efektivnom vo ñstvu u toku izrade ove disertacije, kao i na ukazanom poverenju i spremnosti da me uklju či u proces razvoja kapaciteta Rudarsko- geološkog fakulteta Univerziteta u Beogradu za bavljenje ekološkim problemima. Posebnu zahvalnost iskazujem i svom drugom mentoru, prof. dr Slobodanu Jovanovi ću, na posve ćenom podu čavanju, korisnim savetima i sugestijama vezanim za izradu ove disertacije, kao i na podršci koju mi je pružao tokom čitavog perioda mog poslediplomskog obrazovanja. Zahvaljujem se dr Neveni Mihailovi ć na svesrdnoj pomo ći u izvo ñenju pedoloških analiza, kao i na korisnim sugestijama u toku izrade ove disertacije.
[Show full text]
Mining Wastes in Basin Bor, Serbia
QUAESTUS MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH JOURNAL MINING WASTES IN BASIN BOR, SERBIA Zoran S. MARKOVIC Abstract: Mining and Metallurgical Basin Bor exists over one hundred years. During that period copper ore has been mined and processed by pyro metallurgical process, mainly for the rich copper ore. Flotation concentration process was introduced due to the decreasing copper grades in ore and started in 1930s. Since that time, mining production grew up generating large amounts of waste materials in form of solid, liquid and gas. They are all clearly visible all-around of mining area. This paper deals with flotation testing results preceded by an attrition step, on copper minerals and pyrite obtained under laboratory condition. Also, the main problems with other type of wastes were discussed and some recommendation for its further treatment was given in the paper. All proposed concept are based on sustainable development in this area and wider. Keywords: overburden, flotation tailings, flotation, copper minerals, sustainability INTRODUCTION Mining of copper ore in Bor, Serbia, has over hundred years long history. During this period mining wastes (mining and flotation tailings) were generated with about 650 Mt solid materials, which, by geology estimation contains about 750.000 t of metal copper. Compared to the area affected by mining of about 1,22 million m2, areas affected by mining wastes are over 2,84 million m2. Some data on areas of degraded terrain are given in table [1]. Table 1. Data on terrain surfaces occupied by the open pit mines and overburden disposals and flotation tailings Mine Open pit mine Overburden Flotation Sub Total disposals tailings Bor 1.220.950 2.840.800 733.300 4.795.050 Veliki 2.239.000 660.000 2.465.700 5.364.700 Krivelj Total: 3.459.950 3.500.800 3.199.000 10.159.750 21 QUAESTUS MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH JOURNAL In addition to these areas that are directly affected by mining operations, the area of damaged and degraded agricultural land is estimated to over 25.000 ha.
[Show full text]
Sustainability of Copper Slag Processing from New Flash Copper Smelter in Rtb Bor
QUAESTUS MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH JOURNAL SUSTAINABILITY OF COPPER SLAG PROCESSING FROM NEW FLASH COPPER SMELTER IN RTB BOR Rodoljub STANOJLOVIĆ Jovica SOKOLOVIĆ Marko GUŠEVAC Ivan ANĐELOVIĆ Goran STOJIĆ Novka ŽIVADINOVIĆ Abstract: The reconstruction of metallurgical copper production in RTB Bor, replacement of roasting-reverb process with flash smelting technology, is justified both from the ecological aspect as well as from economic aspect. By modernization of the Bor smelter, emissions of sulphur dioxide, dust, arsenic, lead and other pollutants in waste smelter gas streams are drastically reduced and brought under the law set emission limit values (ELV). Increasing the efficiency of metal in the new Bor smelter by 93 to 98 percent will contribute to the economic profit of the company, and one of the essential phase that RTB Bor will lead to higher metallurgical efficiency, and thus to greater profits, represents the processing of copper slag by flotation. Keywords: flash smelting, copper slag, recycling, flotation, RTB Bor Introduction RTB Bor (Rudarsko-topioničarski basen Bor), as an integrated copper mining and metallurgy company, is located in Bor, Serbia. A century ago the town of Bor had been just a small village. With the discovery of copper ore and its exploitation since 1903, the village has turned into an industrial and urban centre in north-eastern Serbia. The RTB Bor has a long tradition in copper and precious metals production. The industrial activities in this area started with the mining exploitation of copper ore in the beginning of the 20th century. Nowadays, the RTB Bor involves all the copper industrial activities starting from the ore exploitation, flotation processing and pyrometallurgical process of copper concentrates.
[Show full text]
"Borska Reka" Orebody, the Future of the Exploitation in Bor Mine
UNDERGROUND MINING ENGINEERING 21 (2012) 83-88 UDK 62 FACULTY OF MINING AND GEOLOGY, BELGRADE YU ISSN 03542904 Review paper "BORSKA REKA" OREBODY, THE FUTURE OF THE EXPLOITATION IN BOR MINE Petrović Dejan1, Svrkota Igor1, Stojadinović Saša1, Milić Vitomir1, Pantović Radoje1, Milićević Živorad1 Abstract: The most orebodies in Bor copper mine have been excavated during the more then a hundred year period of exploitation, and a part in a final stage of excavation. For these reasons, as long as thirty year of work on analysis and consideration possibilities for exploitation one of the largest ore bodies in Bor copper ore deposit. That is "Borska Reka" orebody. "Borska Reka" copper ore deposit dip in great depth and above the ore body there are part of the town, as well as transportation object essential for the region located. Analyses of the proposed methods applicable for this ore body are presented in this paper. Key words: "Borska Reka" ore body, block mining method, block caving method 1. INTRODUCTION During the mining of Bor copper mine, which lasts more than a century, almost all of the richer ore bodies, that were closer to the surface, were excavated. "Borska Reka" orebody, as a largest ore body in Bor copper ore deposit, has been the subject in numerous studies and analysis more than three decades. The fact that ore body lie at great depth and quite low copper content in ore are main influencing factors to the choice of excavating method for this ore body. Currently the excavation is performed in orebody "Brezonik" and orebody "T".
[Show full text]
Cultural Routes As Innovative Tourism Products and Possibilities of Their Development
International Journal of Cultural and Digital Tourism Volume 3, Number 1, Spring 2016 Copyright © IACUDIT ISSN (Online): 2241-9705 ISSN (Print): 2241-973X Cultural Routes as Innovative Tourism Products and Possibilities of their Development 1* 2 Manuela Graf , Jovan Popesku 1 U niversity Singidunum, Belgrade, Serbia 2 U niversity Singidunum, Belgrade, Serbia Abstract The research focuses on cultural routes, as a type of a specific cultural tourism product, and the possibilities of their development. The study describes the main characteristics of cultural routes, taking into account and exploring the main factors that affect the development of such routes. The aim of this paper is to deepen our understanding of the relationships between culture and tourism, to illustrate in which way culture drives touristic development. Owing to the Council of Europe’s interest and involvement in the development of cultural paths for the past two and a half decades, as well as the ever-increasing popularity of cultural paths in Western Europe, the main hypothesis of this paper is that cultural routes have great possibilities for providing the sustainable development of culture and tourism in the Southeast Europe. Keywords: cultural routes, heritage, tourism, sustainable development JEL Classification: Z320 1. Introduction First of all, the study demonstrates in what way cultural heritage sectors could contribute to the economic and social potential and it also points to new models of gaining a collaborative and competitive advantage for cultural and touristic institutions and SMEs. Secondly, the study provides an understanding of the key factors that strengthen creative and cultural industries and suggests general approaches for a cultural route development and branding.
[Show full text]
Possibility of Application of Backfill Methods with Cementing Fill in Ore Body Borska Reka
UNDERGROUND MINING ENGINEERING 27 (2015) 1-10 UDK 62 UNIVERSITY OF BELGRADE - FACULTY OF MINING AND GEOLOGY YU ISSN 03542904 Professional paper POSSIBILITY OF APPLICATION OF BACKFILL METHODS WITH CEMENTING FILL IN ORE BODY BORSKA REKA MOGUĆNOST PRIMENE METODA OTKOPAVANJA SA ZAPUNJAVANJEM OTKOPANOG PROSTORA STVRDNJAVAJUĆIM ZASIPOM U USLOVIMA RUDNOG TELA BORSKA REKA Petrović Dejan1, Milić Vitomir1, Svrkota Igor1, Stojadinović Saša1, Denić Miodrag1 Received: October 2, 2015 Accepted: October 20, 2015 Abstract: The orebody "Borska Reka" is dipping at great depth and above the ore body there are parts of the settlement and traffic facilities essential for the region. Geological conditions in which ore body occurs, low copper content in the ore and objects on the surface in addition makes the process of adopting the optimum mining method of this ore relative. In addition to the block caving and sublevel method with ore and overburden rocks collapses should be considered and sublevel and open stope mining methods with backfilling the excavated area. Possibility of application of backfill methods with cementing fill for "Borska Reka" orebody condition are presented in this paper. Key words: "Borska Reka" orebody, mining methods, stope backfill Apstrakt: Rudno telo „Borska Reka“ zaleže na velikoj dubini i iznad samog ležišta nalaze se delovi naselja, kao i saobraćajni objekti bitni za region. Geološki uslovi u kojima se javlja ležište, nizak sadržaj bakra u rudi i objekti na površini terena dodatno usložnjavaju process usvajanja optimalne metode otkopavanja ovog rudnog rela. Pored blokovskih metoda sa zarušavanjem rude i pratećih stena treba uzeti u obzir i metode podetažnog i komornog otkopavanja sa zapunjavanjem otkopanog prostora.
[Show full text]
Chapter 4 Current State and Tasks of Mining Activities
Chapter 4 Current State and Tasks of Mining Activities 4.1 Activities of Large Mines owned by RTB Bor RTB Bor is located in the Bor District which is about 230km by road to the southeast of Belgrade. RTB Bor consists of three mining complexes: the Bor Copper Mine (RBB), the Majdanpek Copper Mine (RBM) and the Copper Smelter (TIR). The RBM is located in Majdanpek City, but the other two complexes are in Bor City. Mining at RTB Bor dates back well over a century. RTB Bor started as an underground mine and has expanded underground operations, but it has also developed open pit mines in Bor, Majdanpek, Veliki Krivelj and Cerovo. In 1991, RTB Bor recorded its highest production for one year, 26.5 million tons. But it closed the Bor open pit in 1993 and the Cerovo open pit in 2002, and currently produces ores from only 3 mines: the Bor underground mine, and the Majdanpek and Veliki Krivelj open pits. Fig. 4.1 shows production trends at RTB Bor for the last 20 years. Fig.4.1 Production of the last 20 yrs at RTB Bor (source: RTB Bor) Production dropped sharply in 1993 and 1999, as can be seen in Fig.3.18. It should be noted that Majdanpek used to account for the vast majority of production up to the early 1990s, but relinquished the lead to Veliki Krivelj in 1993. Production at Majdanpek began dropping sharply in 2001, and consequently total production of RTB Bor dropped dramatically, causing severe financial problems for the company.
[Show full text]
133 Chapter 5 Compilation of Digital Spatial Data Sets and Information
Chapter 5 Compilation of Digital Spatial Data Sets and Information Disclosure 5.1 Current State and Evaluation of GIS Database at MEM 5.1.1 Prehistory of Database Creation at MEM The Department of Mining & Geology (DMG) in the Ministry of Energy and Mining (MEM) has implemented a GIS-based government solution in order to provide a positive administrative environment that will support increased mining and development activity in Serbia through several projects (Table 5.1). In 2001, the MEM began converting all mining and geological exploration and exploitation datasets into a digital database through the framework of the CISGEM project. In the same year, a text-based mineral resource database was created with GIS datasets through a project supported by the French Bureau of Geological and Mining Research (BRGM). This was the first step towards construction of a GIS database in the mining section of MEM. In 2002, a capacity building project was created by the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) to implement GIS software and training. Other pilot projects for GIS applications such as web-GIS and a management system for mining rights, have also been started recently. Table 5.1 Development of a GIS Database at MEM-DMG Project name Organization Year 1 CISGEM: Computerized Information System for Geological Exploration & Mining MEM 2001 2 Database of Central & South-Eastern Europe BRGM 2001 3 Formation of a GIS-based database of mineral occurrences in Serbia MEM 2001-02 4 GIS Software Application and Training UNDP 2002-03 5 Digital Spatial Data for Serbia MEM 2004-05 6 CISGEM project extension MEM 2006-07 7 JICA M/P Study JICA 2007-08 5.1.2 BRGM’s Databases of the Mineral Deposits and Mining Districts of Serbia The BRGM’s databases for mineral deposits and mining districts of Serbia was constructed in 2001.
[Show full text]
Download/71546/Priloha003.Pdf (Accessed on 5 June 2015)
Sustainability 2015, 7, 11857-11877; doi:10.3390/su70911857 OPEN ACCESS sustainability ISSN 2071-1050 www.mdpi.com/journal/sustainability Review Sustainable Land Management in Mining Areas in Serbia and Romania Vesna Popović 1,†, Jelena Živanović Miljković 2,†,*, Jonel Subić 1,†, Andrei Jean-Vasile 3,†, Nedelcu Adrian 3,† and Eugen Nicolăescu 4,† 1 Institute of Agricultural Economics, Volgina 15, Belgrade 11 000, Serbia; E-Mails: [email protected] (V.P.); [email protected] (J.S.) 2 Institute of Architecture and Urban & Spatial Planning of Serbia, Bulevar kralja Aleksandra 73/II, Belgrade 11 000, Serbia 3 Faculty of Economic Sciences, Petroleum-Gas University of Ploiesti, B-dul Bucuresti, No.39, Ploiesti, Prahova 100680, Romania; E-Mails: [email protected] (A.J.-V.); [email protected] (N.A.) 4 Department of Finance, Banking, and Accountancy, Dimitrie Cantemir Christian University, Bucharest 030134, Romania; E-Mail: [email protected] † These authors contributed equally to this work. * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: [email protected]; Tel.: +381-11-3207-334; Fax: +381-11-3370-203. Academic Editor: Marc A. Rosen Received: 18 June 2015 / Accepted: 10 August 2015 / Published: 26 August 2015 Abstract: The paper analyzes the impacts of mining activities on sustainable land management in mining areas in the Republic of Serbia and Romania and discusses the main challenges related to the management of these issues in legislation and practice. Particular attention is paid to land disturbance, mine waste management and land reclamation, as well as access to land for mining purposes, the transfer of mining royalties and the partnerships of the mining industry, governments, communities and civil society for sustainable mining.
[Show full text]
Executive Summary
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY R d S g r u p a 2-21 19210 Bor, Bobijeva br. 13 B o r Те l: (030) 24.96.892; Fax: (030) 24.96.680; Е-mail: [email protected] TABLE OF CONTENTS ABOUT RdS group LTD ..................................................................................................... 3 RDS GROUPA ................................................................................................................... 5 MANAGEMENT TEAM ................................................................................................ 5 PROJECT DESIGN AND MANAGEMENT TEAM ............................................................ 7 QUALITY POLICY ............................................................................................................. 8 INTERNATIONAL PROJECTS ............................................................................................. 9 OTHER PROJECTS ........................................................................................................... 12 APPENDIX – ISO Certificates ........................................................................................ 19 R d S g r u p a 3-21 19210 Bor, Bobijeva br. 13 B o r Те l: (030) 24.96.892; Fax: (030) 24.96.680; Е-mail: [email protected] ABOUT RdS groupa LTD HISTORY RdS Group Ltd Bor has emerged from of one of the largest copper and gold mines in the southeast Europe, Bor Mines, currently known as The Institute for Copper, Bor. Bor, and the surrounding areas, have a rich and long history of mining that according to some sources reachs as far back
[Show full text]
Technogenic Deposit in the Area of the Old Flotation Tailing Dump in Bor (Field 1 and Field 2) **
MINING AND METALLURGY INSTITUTE BOR ISSN: 2334-8836 UDK: 622 UDK: 622.271:622.68(045)=111 DOI:10.5937/MMEB1403001M Miroslava Maksimović *, Mile Bugarin *, Zoran Stevanović *, Vladan Marinković * TECHNOGENIC DEPOSIT IN THE AREA OF THE OLD FLOTATION TAILING DUMP IN BOR (FIELD 1 AND FIELD 2) ** Abstract The copper ore mining in Bor was started at the beginning of the twentieth century. Parallel to this, the ore smelting was carried out in the first period. After construction of the Flotation Plant (1934), the ore dressing was performed and obtaining the concentrate of copper and precious metals. Until the 60’s of the last century, the ore processing, obtained from exploitation from the copper deposits Bor (the Old Open Pit and underground mine Jama Bor), was carried out. After this period of ore obtained from the Bor mine, the ore from the deposit Lipa, Cerovo (Mali Krivelj) was also processed. Technogenic waste of flotation was obtained as by-product of this process by flotation that was disposed from 1934 to 1980 in the area of the Old Flotation Tailing Dump in Bor (Field 1 and Field 2). Based on the previous geological explorations in the mentioned zone, the increased copper contents were indicated in the subject area. The implementation of detailed geological explorations would evalu- ate the potentiality of the area, in order to review the possibilities of raw material leaching, as well as solving a serious environmental problem in the center of the town of Bor. Keywords: tailing dump, technogenic formations, copper ore mining, open pit INTRODUCTION Technogenic copper deposit the "Old For the relief of the terrain, in wider area Bor Flotation Tailing Dump" is located in of Bor, a significant impact had intensive the industrial circle of the Mining and Met- volcanic activity (during the late Mesozoic allurgy basin (RTB), or in the town of Bor.
[Show full text]