Eurasian Economies in Transition
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Should Ukraine Aim to Join the EU's Customs Union?
Understanding the EU’s Association Agreements and Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Areas with Ukraine, Moldova and Georgia Should Ukraine aim to join the EU’s customs union?1 Michael Emerson and Veronika Movchan 8 September 2017 1 This paper was prepared at the invitation of Rasmussen Global. Michael Emerson is Associate Senior Research Fellow at CEPS, Brussels. Veronika Movchan is Academic Director at the Institute for Economic Research and Policy Consulting, Kyiv. Available for free downloading at http://www.3dcftas.eu/ Research and policy advice project supported by the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida). Contents Executive summary .................................................................................................................... 1 1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 2 2. The customs union in economic theory and integration models ....................................... 3 3. Current political context for customs unions in the wider European and Eurasian space 5 4. More on economic and political costs and benefits for Ukraine ........................................ 7 5. The other DCFTA cases – Georgia and Moldova ............................................................... 10 6. Conclusions ....................................................................................................................... 11 List of Tables Table 1. Different stages of economic integration ................................................................... -
Kazakhstanskaya Pravda
Unofficial translation CICA: Indivisible Security, Increased Confidence Over the years of independence, Kazakhstan has sponsored many initiatives and projects aimed at strengthening security, stability and sustainable development at the regional and global levels. The "peacekeeping portfolio" of our country starts, inter alia, with the proposal of Elbasy1 Nursultan Nazarbayev to convene the Conference on Interaction and Confidence Building Measures in Asia (CICA). Almost three decades have passed since that moment. Now, once CICA started its practical work, the relevance and potential of this international structure have become evident. In an interview with the Executive Director of the CICA Secretariat, Ambassador Kairat Sarybay, we found out about the current state of the Conference and the development priorities during Kazakhstan's Chairmanship in CICA. The idea to convene CICA was one of the first international initiatives of the independent Kazakhstan. The forum has existed for almost 20 years: what is CICA today? Indeed, the institutionalization of the Conference on Interaction and Confidence Building Measures in Asia began 20 years ago – in fact, from its First Summit in 2002. But this First Summit was preceded by a lot of painstaking work that started on October 5, 1992, when the First President of Kazakhstan, Nursultan Nazarbayev, then a still rising politician of a newly founded post-Soviet nation, proclaimed this idea, standing behind the rostrum of the UN General Assembly for the first time. Almost 30 years have passed since that day. I remember how at that time Nursultan Nazarbayev shared his thoughts on CICA with the world's leading politicians and how enthusiastic they were about it. -
Turkish President Turgut Özal's Impact on Nursultan
TURKISH PRESIDENT TURGUT ÖZAL’S IMPACT ON NURSULTAN NAZARBAYEV’S PERCEPTION OF TURKEY* Nursultan Nazarbayev'ın Türkiye Algısına Tugut Özal'ın Etkisi Din Muhammed AMETBEK** Abstract Nursultan Nazarbayev as the founding President of Kazakhstan played a determinant role in the formation of Kazakh foreign policy. In this respect, the article examines Nazarbayev’s perception of Turkey as a decision maker in foreign policy are based on observation rather than realities. Nazarbayev is aware of the fact that the national identity of Kazakhstan is divided between two competing poles; Russian and Kazakh, in a broader sense; Slavic and Turkic. From this perspective, Nazarbayev’s perception of Turkey is significant as it is not only related to foreign policy but at the same time the national identity of Kazakhstan. The study argues that the President of Republic of Turkey of early 1990s Turgut Özal with his active diplomacy towards Kazakhstan contributed to the positive image of Turkey. The research concludes that close and reliable relations between Nazarbayev and Özal became the basis of a strategic part- nership between Kazakhstan and Turkey. Keywords: Turgut Özal, Nursultan Nazarbayev, Kazakhstan, Turkey, Perception, National Identity Özet Kazakistan’ın kurucu Cumhurbaşkanı Nursultan Nazarbayev’in, Kazak dış politi- kasının oluşumunda belirleyici rol üstlendiği kesindir. Bu bağlamda, makale, Nazarba- yev’in Türkiye algısını ele almaktadır. Çünkü inşacı ekolün iddiasına dış politika kararları gerçeklere değil algı üzerine alınmaktadır. Nazarbayev Kazakistan’ın ulusal kimliğinin Rus ve Kazak olarak, daha geniş kapsamda Slav ve Türk olarak yarışan iki kutba ayrıldığının farkındadır. Buradan hareketle, Nazarbayev’in Türkiye algısı, yal- nızca dış politika açısından değil aynı zamanda Kazakistan’ın ulusal kimliği açısından da önemlidir. -
The Outcomes of Cooperation of Kazakhstan and Turkey in the Field of Education
International Journal of Economics and Business Administration Volume V, Issue 4, 2017 pp. 96-103 The Outcomes of Cooperation of Kazakhstan and Turkey in the Field of Education M. Tlebaldiyeva1, T. Sadikov2, G. Kamiyeva3, Z. Moldahmetova4 Abstract: Official relations between Turkey and Kazakhstan were established in December 1990. The Minister of Culture Namik Kemal Zeybek and the Kazakh State Culture Committee signed an agreement for the carrying out of common cultural work between two countries in education system, research projects, exchange experience of experts and scholars in the practice. This agreement regained cultural ties interrupted long time ago. The official visit of the head of the Kazakh State Culture Committee paid to Turkey on the January 31, 1991, and the cooperation agreement signed by the Minister of Health on February 14 of that year strengthened cultural relations between the two countries. Before gaining the independence of Kazakhstan the official visit of the Turkish President Turgut Ozal to Kazakhstan on March 15 and signing the agreement "on the relationship of Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic and the Republic of Turkey" led to the strengthening friendship Kazakh-Turkish relations and further development in this direction. Keywords: International cooperation, education, agreement, cultural, relationship. 1Master of History, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, [email protected] 2Doctor of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of History L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana, Kazakhstan. 3Candidate of Pedagogical Science Kazakh Humanities and Law Institute of the Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Astana, Kazakhstan 4Candidate of Pedagogical Science Kazakh Humanities and Law Institute of the Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Astana, Kazakhstan M. -
Leadership Transition in Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan Implications for Policy and Stability in Central Asia
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Calhoun, Institutional Archive of the Naval Postgraduate School Calhoun: The NPS Institutional Archive Theses and Dissertations Thesis Collection 2007-09 Leadership transition in Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan implications for policy and stability in Central Asia Smith, Shane A. Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School http://hdl.handle.net/10945/3204 NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA THESIS LEADERSHIP TRANSITION IN KAZAKHSTAN AND UZBEKISTAN: IMPLICATIONS FOR POLICY AND STABILITY IN CENTRAL ASIA by Shane A. Smith September 2007 Thesis Advisor: Thomas H. Johnson Second Reader: James A. Russell Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instruction, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704-0188) Washington DC 20503. 1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank) 2. REPORT DATE 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED September 2007 Master’s Thesis 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Leadership Transition in Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan: 5. FUNDING NUMBERS Implications for Policy and Stability in Central Asia 6. -
Eiropas Savienība Kā Tiesību Subjekts: Problēmas Un Risinājumi
Renāte Fila EIROPAS SAVIENĪBA KĀ TIESĪBU SUBJEKTS: PROBLĒMAS UN RISINĀJUMI Promocijas darbs tiesību doktora zinātniskā grāda iegūšanai Specialitāte – juridiskās zinātnes Apakšnozare – starptautiskās tiesības Darba zinātniskais vadītājs: Dr. iur., asociētais profesors Jānis Grasis Promocijas darbs izstrādāts ar ESF līdzfinansēta projekta “Atbalsts doktorantiem studiju programmas apguvei un zinātniskā grāda ieguvei Rīgas Stradiņa universitātē”, vienošanās Nr.2009/0147/1DP/ 1.1.2.1.2/09/ IPIA/VIAA/009, atbalstu. Rīga, 2014 ANOTĀCIJA Promocijas darba mērķis ir izpētīt Eiropas Savienībā esošo starptautisko līgumattiecību administratīvi tiesiskos aspektus, kompleksi ar administratīvo tiesību avotu piemērošanas teorētisko un praktisko jautājumu izpēti, apzināt Eiropas Savienības jurisdikcijas apjomu, robežas un ar noteikto jurisdikciju saistītās problēmas un izstrādāt priekšlikumus, kas dotu iespēju precīzi norobežot valsts konstitūtiem piemītošās administratīvās tiesības no administratīvajām tiesībām, kuras starptautiskajās attiecībās pilnvarota īstenot starptautiska organizācija un tās konstitūti. Promocijas darbā ir ievads, piecas pamatdaļas, kuras ir sadalītās vairākās apakšnodaļās, secinājumi un priekšlikumi un izmantotās literatūras saraksts. Teorētisko un praktisko atziņu analīzes rezultāti ir atspoguļoti 8 (astoņos) attēlos. Darba ievadā tiek aplūkota pētāmās tēmas aktualitāte, tiek izskaidrots pētījuma mērķis, uzdevumi, pētījuma objekts un priekšmets, kā arī pētījumā izmantoto zinātnisko metožu pamatojums. Darba pirmo daļu veido administratīvi -
Kazakhstan by Bhavna Dave
Kazakhstan by Bhavna Dave Capital: Astana Population: 15.9 million GNI/capita, PPP: US$10,320 Source: !e data above was provided by !e World Bank, World Development Indicators 2011. Nations in Transit Ratings and Averaged Scores 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Electoral Process 6.25 6.50 6.50 6.50 6.50 6.50 6.75 6.75 6.75 6.75 Civil Society 5.50 5.50 5.50 5.50 5.75 5.75 5.50 5.50 5.75 5.75 Independent Media 6.00 6.25 6.50 6.50 6.75 6.75 6.75 6.50 6.75 6.75 Governance* 5.75 6.25 6.25 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a National Democratic 6.75 Governance n/a n/a n/a 6.50 6.75 6.75 6.75 6.75 6.75 Local Democratic 6.25 Governance n/a n/a n/a 6.25 6.25 6.25 6.25 6.25 6.25 Judicial Framework 6.25 and Independence 6.00 6.25 6.25 6.25 6.25 6.25 6.25 6.00 6.25 Corruption 6.25 6.25 6.50 6.50 6.50 6.50 6.50 6.50 6.50 6.50 Democracy Score 5.96 6.17 6.25 6.29 6.39 6.39 6.39 6.32 6.43 6.43 * Starting with the 2005 edition, Freedom House introduced separate analysis and ratings for national democratic governance and local democratic governance to provide readers with more detailed and nuanced analysis of these two important subjects. -
Kazakhstan and Eurasian Economic Integration: Quick Start, Mixed Results and Uncertain Future
Kazakhstan and Eurasian Economic Integration: Quick Start, Mixed Results and Uncertain Future Nargis Kassenova November 2012 L'Ifri est, en France, le principal centre indépendant de recherche, d'information et de débat sur les grandes questions internationales. Créé en 1979 par Thierry de Montbrial, l'Ifri est une association reconnue d'utilité publique (loi de 1901). Il n'est soumis à aucune tutelle administrative, définit librement ses activités et publie régulièrement ses travaux. Avec son antenne de Bruxelles (Ifri-Bruxelles), l'Ifri s'impose comme un des rares think tanks français à se positionner au cœur même du débat européen. L'Ifri associe, au travers de ses études et de ses débats, dans une démarche interdisciplinaire, décideurs politiques et économiques, chercheurs et experts à l'échelle internationale. Les opinions exprimées dans ce texte n’engagent que la responsabilité de l’auteur. Centre Russie/NEI © Droits exclusivement réservés – Ifri – Paris, 2012 ISBN : 978-2-36567-101-9 IFRI IFRI-Bruxelles 27 RUE DE LA PROCESSION RUE MARIE-THERESE, 21 75740 PARIS CEDEX 15 – FRANCE 1000 BRUXELLES TEL. : 33 (0)1 40 61 60 00 TEL. : 32(2) 238 51 10 FAX : 33 (0)1 40 61 60 60 FAX : 32 (2) 238 51 15 E-MAIL : [email protected] E-MAIL : [email protected] SITE INTERNET : www.ifri.org N. Kassenova / Kazakhstan and CU Author Nargis Kassenova is Associate Professor at the Department of International Relations and Regional Studies of KIMEP University (Kazakhstan) and Director of the KIMEP Central Asian Studies Center (CASC). Since 2008 she has been a member of the Expert/Advisory Group of the EU Central Asia Monitoring (EUCAM) project launched to monitor the implementation of the EU Strategy for Central Asia adopted in 2007. -
The Eurasian Union
No. 51–52 17 June 2013 Abkhazia South Ossetia caucasus Adjara analytical digest Nagorno- Karabakh resourcesecurityinstitute.org www.laender-analysen.de www.css.ethz.ch/cad www.crrccenters.org THE SOUTH CAUCASUS BETWEEN THE EU AND THE EURASIAN UNION Special Editor: Iris Kempe ■■ The Eurasian Union and the European Union Redefining their Neighborhood: The Case of the South Caucasus 2 Iris Kempe, Berlin ■■ Is the South Caucasus a Region? 5 Temuri Yakobashvili, Tbilisi ■■ The Eurasian Union: An Experiment in Finding a Place in the New World 8 Fyodor Lukyanov, Moscow ■■ The Eurasian Union: A View from Armenia 11 Richard Giragosian, Yerevan ■■ Considering Accession to the Eurasian Economic Union: For Azerbaijan, Disadvantages Outweigh Advantages 14 Vugar Bayramov, Azerbaijan ■■ Azerbaijan and the Eurasian Union: Costs and Benefits 17 Anar Valiyev, Baku ■■ OPINION POLL Friends and Enemies. How the Population of the Three South Caucasus States Perceives Other Countries 20 ■■ CHRONICLE From 8 May to 24 June 2013 25 Institute for European, Russian, Research Centre Center Caucasus Research German Association for and Eurasian Studies for East European Studies for Security Studies The George Washington Resource Centers East European Studies University of Bremen ETH Zurich University The Caucasus Analytical Digest is supported by: CAUCASUS ANALYTICAL DIGEST No. 51–52, 17 June 2013 2 The Eurasian Union and the European Union Redefining their Neighborhood: The Case of the South Caucasus Iris Kempe, Berlin Abstract The European Union and the Eurasian Union both are having an impact on the future strategic development of Wider Europe. The three states of the South Caucasus are indicating low interest in joining the Eurasian Union, but at the same time it is not clear if the EU is able to offer a strategic alternative. -
International Students' Scientific Conference
International Students’ Scientific Conference Prospects for European Integration of the Southern Caucasus Tbilisi, October 25-26, 2014 International Students’ Scientific Conference Prospects for European Integration of the Southern Caucasus Tbilisi, October 25-26, 2014 ISSN – 1987 – 5703 UDC 330/34(479) (063) Tbilisi, 2014 ს-279 D-49 კრებული შედგენილია ”სამხრეთ კავკასიის ევროპულ სივრცეში ინტეგრაციის პერსპექტივები” დევიზით გამართულ მეექვსე სტუდენტთა საერთაშორისო სამეცნიერო კონფერენციაზე წარმოდგენილი საუკეთესო ნაშრომებით. The collection contains the best scientific works of the Internationals Students’ Scientific Conference “ The Pros- pects for European Integration of the Southern Caucasus’’. სარედაქციო საბჭო: პროფ. შალვა მაჭავარიანი (თავმჯდომარე), პროფ. გურამ ლეჟავა, პროფ. თეიმურაზ ხუციშვილი, პროფ. სერგი კაპანაძე, პროფ. ინდრეკ იაკობსონი, პროფ. გიორგი ღაღანიძე, პროფ. ტანელ კერიკმაე, თათია ღერკენაშვილი (მდივანი). Editing Board: Prof. Shalva Machavariani (head), Prof. Guram Lezhava, Prof. Teimuraz Khutsishvili, Prof. Sergi Kapanadze, Prof. Indrek Jakobson, Prof. Giorgi Gaganidze, Prof. Tanel Kerikmae, Tatia Gherkenashvili (secretary) გამომცემელი: კავკასიის უნივერსიტეტი, ფრიდრიხ ებერტის ფონდი, გამომცემლობა ”სი-ჯი-ეს”-თან თანამშრომლობით. Published by Caucasus University, Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung, by the collaboartion with CSG. პროექტი განხორციელდა ფრიდრიხ ებერტის ფონდისა და ბავშვთა და ახალგაზრდობის განვითარების ფონდის ხელშეწყობით. პუბლიკაციაში წარმოდგენილია ავტორთა პირადი მოსაზრებები. დაუშვებელია ფრიდრიხ ებერტის ფონდის მიერ გამოცემული მასალების -
135 Nursultan Nazarbayev's Role on Providing Regional and Global Security As an Influential Political Leader
Türkiye Siyaset Bilimi Dergisi Turkish Journal of Political Science Yıl:2021 Cilt:4 Sayı:1 Sayfa/Page:135-156 Year:2021 Volume:4 Issue:1 Makale Gönderim Tarihi: 22/02/2021 Makale Kabul Tarihi: 27/02/2021 NURSULTAN NAZARBAYEV'S ROLE ON PROVIDING REGIONAL AND GLOBAL SECURITY AS AN INFLUENTIAL POLITICAL LEADER: A CASE STUDY OF HIS MEDIATION ROLE IN RUSSIAN-TURKISH CRISIS IN 2015 Yerkebulan SAPİYEV* Abstract Since gaining independence in 1991, there has been a colossal role of the first President of Kazakhstan- Nursultan Nazarbayev, on the foundation and development of Kazakhstan, on the process of setting up international organizations in the post- Soviet geography and on the formation of the multi-vector foreign policy of Kazakhstan. The article examines the role of the Nazarbayev’s successful international activities as an experienced negotiator and mediator in resolving international conflicts and crises. In this context, his peacekeeping mission on solving the Russian-Turkish crisis in 2015 has been examined by revealing his influence on providing regional and global security. In the first part of the article, the early life and political career of Nursultan Nazarbayev are examined by describing his character as a person, as an influential political leader and an outstanding statesman. The second part, in the post-Soviet period, Kazakhstan's foreign policy as an independent republic, and its contribution to providing regional and global security are explained. In this process, the meaningful role of the Kassym-Jomart Tokayev, President of the Republic of Kazakhstan is evaluated as well. In the third part, the Russian-Turkish crisis, its reasons, and Nursultan Nazarbayev's mediation role are evaluated. -
Eurasian Economic Union (EEU)
Briefing April 2017 Eurasian Economic Union The rocky road to integration SUMMARY Since the 1991 breakup of the Soviet Union, various attempts have been made to re- integrate the economies of its former republics. However, little progress was made until Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan launched a Customs Union in 2010. In 2015, this was upgraded to a Eurasian Economic Union (EEU). Modelled in part on the EU, this bloc aims to create an EU-style Eurasian internal market, with free movement of goods, services, persons and capital. So far, the EEU's performance has been poor. Trade has slumped; this has more to do with Russia's economic downturn than the effects of economic integration, but there are signs that the new bloc is favouring protectionism over openness to global trade, which in the long term could harm competitiveness. Especially following the showdown between the EU and Russia over Ukraine, the EEU is widely seen in the West as a geopolitical instrument to consolidate Russia's post- Soviet sphere of influence. Fear of Russian domination and trade disputes between EEU member states are hindering progress towards the EEU's economic objectives. However, prospects may improve when Russia comes out of recession. The EEU is developing relations with third countries, such as Vietnam, which in 2015 became the first to sign a free-trade agreement with the bloc. For its part, the EU has declined to recognise the EEU as a legitimate partner until Russia meets its commitments under the Minsk agreements to help end the conflict in eastern Ukraine.