The Artist As Busker: Woody Guthrie', Boundto.- Glory by Jam'" C
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", • ~ 11 The Artist As Busker: Woody Guthrie', Boundto.- Glory by Jam'" C. McKelly In 1940 Alan lomax, lhe folk: AI the time Guthrie, twenty.nine, was musicologist primarily responsible ror the in love with a ~nty-five year-ok!. married now legendary Ubnuy of Congrc::u field daocer named MarjOrie Maria, who recordings of American folk: and blues performed with Martha Graham's anists, urged his friend folksinger Woody COOlpaIl}'. Marjorie, soon to become: his Guthrie [0 try bioi haod at (he wrillen word; seamd wife, was insuument31 in helping Guthrie responded with "'1'1 outline Bod a the rambling, distnJcted !inger find tbe few stories for an aUlobklgraphic::a1 nCJYeI. space, time, alld disciplioe 10 fulfill ~ elld A\ his biographer Joe Klein tells it in of the contract with Dulton. ~'E1o'Cn if you Woody GUlJuie: A Life, Gulnrie Vr1lS don'I ""';te,'" Klein quotes her 8& saying, amazed aDd delighted !O discover in the "'you should be silting at thai desk from spring of 1942 that "people were be~ng nine to five each day. Somel.h.iDg wW to pay him money \0 ''''THe ~ories.~ While hawen. You haYe to be a daily worker, in New York. with the Almanac Singers, he just like someone in a factory, Writing is met Charles Olson, who bad L8ughl Pete your job now and you mUll late it Seeger at Harvard. Olson, upon seeger's seriously.'"2 Guthrie would imbue his tM'D recommendation, read some of Guthrie's autobiographic:al penona witb tbe same .....,-jting, and ask.ed him 10 write a piece ror ethic. Common Ground. 1be ~ory, called ~Ear Somewhere belWl:en Joy Doerflinger's Players.," was pUblished in the magazine's editorial cutting and 5baping, Marjorie Spring '42 wue; Common Ground Maria's persistence, and GUlllrie's own sUbsequently wei'll on to publish "State unCellered genius, tbe bOOt. got wrinen. Joy line 10 Skid Row~ (Fall '42) and Doerflinger had succeeded in geuing "Crossroadl;~ (Spring '43), Ihe laUer an Guthrie to change tht. title of tbe book to excerpt from Iht. new book. &1wId for Glory, after the 8OI1g that figures William Doerninger of E.P. Duuon prominently in both the first and last signed Guthrie on for an autobiographical chaplers of the book.. Upan iu pu b1ication work, and Guthrie recei\ied a 5500 in the spring of 1943, Bound for Glory advance, half of which was to be sem to tlis garnered Mdt: acclaim. Richard ReUlili, wife Mary, then living in El Pli!O, Texas Gu lhrie's bibliograp/ler, reports "favorable" with their three children. The arrangement to "enthusiaslic" nOlm from sources as with Duuon specified that Doerflinger's varied ali Book Wed: in Inc: ChU:ago Sun, wife Joy, herself an eJrperienced tbe Columbus (ObiO) Ci1iznt, tbe Doily autobiographer, '0\1& to act 8& Guthrie's Ok/ohomal1, the DetroiJ TUJW:r, the editor. Guthrie wanted 10 call the book Namville &nner, New Masses, tbe New _Mun" Yorlc Post, New Yorker, Ihe SaJWTiay 12 ~ of LiJertJJJIJT, the WashUlgrOtr Post, national exigency and conflJ&i.on, their and The Worlcer MagaziM.] artisa would 001 for58ke Ihem for refuge in Beyond Ibis immediale popular aesthetici&m or al:6traction. reception, lhe book found an enduring The governirlg metaphor at me center place as one of the gCl1eralional astringents of 1M myth of promi.1c is thai of the artist toot unify Amerit:aD culture by virtue of its as bu..sk.er. Guthrie explains lhe meMing influence upon a )'OU1lS man from small and derivauon of the word: "You are called town oorthern Minneso18. named Rooen a 'buner', from the Spanisl:t or Mexican Zimmennan, who later would change his word, 'buM;ar' wmeh meanll 'search'. The last name to Dylan. Wayne Hamptoo musicians play a few hau rs in one saloOn. recounts lhe ~tory of Bob Dylan's first year and lhen say, 'WeD. it's gelting a Little bit 01'1 campus at the UnIversity of MinnesOla dead around here, let's go busking. Fmd a in 1959: "He frantically searched the livelier joint.'06 (punctuation!k) This artist_ c:ampus for a copy of Guthrie's searcher, however, is looking for more Ihan autobiography, &W&d for Glory, which he jusl "a livelier joint." Guthrie's narrattve greedily devoured in a single aftemoon, and poem "Voice" helps LO clarify and further then excitedly pUl'5ued his hiencb, reading articulate the Object of the artist's search: them pas.o;ages as if he were quoting from a holy len...4 I don'l Irnow hOW" fur I'm going to Part of what must have appealed to have to go tbe young folk-artisl Dylan, himself on the To see my CMTI self or to hear my cusp of a rise to iconic cultural StatuS CMTI voice during a decade perhaps more consumed I tuocd in on the radio and for than any other in the century by the iMoues hours never heard it of war, race, and cullural identity, was Ute And then I went to the moving boOk's self-conscious portrait of a radically pictures shOW" new arcnetype of the American artist, one And never heard it there who must be holh in the world and of the I put handsful of coins irllo world; one whose art must, 10 invert Willa machines and watched records Cather's phrase, be anything but escape. "m That Guthrie is guilty of what Klein caJ~ But lhe voice there was no voice "setf-mythologizing and fudging of the of mine facts," that his sLOnes range from the "not I mean it was not my voice always trulhful" to the "utterly The words nOI the words that I preposterous" is a testimony to the author's IJear in my CMTI ears fictive, rather than Strictly aULObiographical, When I walk along and look at 7 concem: to CEl)t this new archetype in the your faces dust and din of the actual while al the same time presenting a possibility of The poem charac\eriz.es GUlhrie's art firsl. imegrity, intelligence, power, and relevance and foremost as one of restlessness and that Guthrie knew full well he himself had uncenainty, a dirCCl function of mobility, fallen shon of achieving. Klein is COrrect in c:xpc6Ure, and aperience. It is an art of saying that "he had wnLlen more of a novel dis18.nce:s. ranged and inquiry assayed. The than an autobiography."S In Boond for artist-seaTeher's mOYemenl outward aCf'C1\6 Glory Wr:x::Dj Guthrie writes a myth of exterior landscape genenues, reciprocally promi.1c 10 America and Americans which and s.imultaneously, a !learch OYer interior would guaranlee thaI irI times of extreme dis18.ncea; the busker's rambling becomes a 1. ----~c_'"7C • '; 13 I:irI:lal c:zigency and ronfusion, tbeir modal acculion of an interior oooditioo, inaugurate his presentauan of I.be :iIII woold DOl: forsake lbem for refuge in and bence a kind of lloneaty. The object of reLaOOoship of tbe American artist and llbf'.tDrm or abstraction. this search in botb its eI1erilY and interilY American art to the \and's peopk and 1bc grM:ming metaphor at the center iNW'lliat)om is idenlity. This identity, like culture. When a bard rain. beginll to pelt tbiI myth of promise is lhal of tbe artist lhe search for it, is a knowledge wlUcb is bin:I. and his lhree rompaoioM as ,hey ride reciprlX31 in character, one ·of bu&tcr. Guthrie e:tplains tbe meaning my ovm 00 the roof of a txw:ar, both artisl and and "of CMTI voice," but one which II derivation of the word: "You are called selr my audielX% make tbe instrument lhe object of depends absolutely upon tbe voices of 'buster'. from lbe Spanish or Mexican lbeir cbeerful, voluntary sacrifioe: lhey tau tbose around him as sources of rd, 'busc:ar' wbicb means 'searcb'. The off their sI1irU and 5wealers and wr<lp it up. IIidBDs play a few boors in me saklon identificaLion. This is what John Steinbeck Guthrie tben prop! up lbe guitar as a was getting at in his famous ~Woody is just II tbcn llII)', 'Well, it's getling a llttle bit shield LO deflect the wind and rain from tbe lid around bere, lei'S go busking. Find a Woody" endorsement: "He is jusl a voice youngest. of the three. The tableau is an ~Iicr joinL,06 (punclualion!!£) nus artisl and a guitar. He sings the songs of a exquisite image of a rectprodty of people and I susp&:t tbat he is, in a way, protection between art and audience: tbe lrtber, bcMeYer, is loo~ng for more lhan that people."s Because, as the poem alleslS, It "a livelter joinl.~ Guthrie's narralive rommunity values the sut:&tantive, IMng he is unable to discover a paradigm for ICIII -Voia:~ belpll lO clarify and furtber utility of lhe arl, and bence tbe instrument personal and aesthetic ileration an)'\\'here in nlate tbe object of lbe artist's search: of its creation, enough to make sut:&tantive the mechanized, mass-produced, sacrifice 10 preserve il; in tum, the commercialized popular ans, il is his inslrument offers subtJantive, Iileralsbelter I don't koow bow far I'm going to _wgt> identification of his CMTI voice in the living to a member of tbe community. Art. is voices of Americall5 that finally enables paired witb buman concern aod generosity To see my own self or to hear my GUlbrie to sing both himself and Lbem wilb against the onslaught of natural upbeaval.