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0101023141101000.Pdf REPÚBLICA DE COLOMBIA MINISTERIO DE MINAS Y ENERGÍA INSTITUTO DE INVESTIGACIÓN E INFORMACIÓN GEOCIENTÍFICA, MINERO AMBIENTAL Y NUCLEAR INGEOMINAS MAPA GEOLÓGICO DEL DEPARTAMENTO DE CUNDINAMARCA Escala 1:250.000 MEMORIA EXPLICATIVA JORGE E. ACOSTA CARLOS E. ULLOA 2002 INSTITUTO DE INVESTIGACIÓN E INFORMACIÓN GEOCIENTÍFICA, MINERO-AMBIENTAL Y NUCLEAR. Diagonal 53 N° 34-53, A.A. N° 48-65 Bogota, D.C., Colombia, S.A. www.ingeominas.gov.co MAPA GEOLÓGICO DEL DEPARTAMENTO DE CUNDINAMARCA Revisión Editorial MARGARET MERCADO Diagramación MULTIMEDIOS LTDA. PUBLICACIÓN DIGITAL INGEOMINAS, 2001 UNIDAD DE PRODUCCIÓN DIGITAL Esta es una publicación de INGEOMINAS, Cofinanciada por el Fondo Nacional de Regalías. IMPRESO EN INGEOMINAS, 2002 INSTITUTO DE INVESTIGACIÓNES EN GEOCIENCIAS, MINERIA Y QUIMICA INGEOMINAS MAPA GEOLÓGICO DEL DEPARTAMENTO DE CUNDINAMARCA Escala 1:250.000 MEMORIA EXPLICATIVA JORGE E. ACOSTA GARAY CARLOS E. ULLOA MELO 1997 CONTENIDO RESUMEN .................................................................................................................................... 9 1. INTRODUCCIÓN ..................................................................................................................... 11 2. GENERALIDADES ................................................................................................................... 13 2.1 LOCALIZACIÓN GEOGRÁFICA Y FISIOGRAFÍA ....................................................... 13 2.1.1 Valle del Magdalena...................................................................................... 13 2.1.2 Vertiente occidental de la Cordillera Oriental ............................................... 13 2.1.3 Cordillera Oriental ......................................................................................... 13 2.1.4 Vertiente oriental de la Cordillera Oriental ................................................... 15 2.1.5 Llanos Orientales .......................................................................................... 15 2.2 HIDROGRAFÍA ............................................................................................................. 15 2.3 CLIMA ........................................................................................................................... 15 2.4 AGRICULTURA Y GANADERÍA .................................................................................. 17 2.5 MINERÍA ....................................................................................................................... 17 2.6 SUELOS Y ZONAS DE VIDA VEGETAL ..................................................................... 17 2.7 COMUNICACIONES .................................................................................................... 18 2.8 POBLACIÓN.................................................................................................................. 19 2.8.1 El Primer cinturón ......................................................................................... 19 2.8.2 Las ciudades dormitorios .............................................................................. 19 2.8.3 Conjuntos urbanos autónomos .................................................................... 19 2.8.4 Mercados locales .......................................................................................... 19 2.8.5 Municipios polarizados y aislados ................................................................ 19 3. GEOLOGÍA ............................................................................................................................... 20 3.1 MARCO GEOLÓGICO .................................................................................................. 20 3.2 ESTRATIGRAFÍA ......................................................................................................... 20 3.2.1 Estratigrafía del Bloque del Valle Medio del Magdalena - Guaduas ............ 20 3.2.1.1 Mesozoico: Cretácico Superior ........................................................... 22 3.2.1.2 Paleógeno ........................................................................................... 29 3.2.1.3 Neógeno .............................................................................................. 32 3.2.1.4 Rocas ígneas ...................................................................................... 35 3.2.2 Estratigrafía del bloque del Anticlinorio de Villeta ........................................ 35 3.2.2.1 Mesozoico ........................................................................................... 35 3.2.2.2 Rocas Ígneas ...................................................................................... 46 3.2.3 Estratigrafía del bloque de la Sabana de Bogotá - Anticlinorio de Los Farallones ....................................................................................................... 46 3.2.3.1 Paleozoico ........................................................................................... 46 3.2.3.2 Jurásico ............................................................................................... 47 3.2.3.3 Cretácico ............................................................................................. 48 3.2.3.4 Terciario .............................................................................................. 54 3.2.4 Estratigrafía del bloque del Piedemonte Llanero ......................................... 57 3.2.4.1 Mesozoico ........................................................................................... 57 3.2.4.2 Cenozoico ........................................................................................... 58 3.2.5 Depósitos cuaternarios ................................................................................. 60 3.2.5.1 Terrazas Altas (Qta) ............................................................................ 60 3.2.5.2 Depósitos Aluviales (Qal) .................................................................... 61 3.2.5.3 Complejo de Conos (Qcc) ................................................................... 61 3.2.5.4 Depósito de Morrena (Qm) ................................................................. 61 3.2.5.5 Depósito Fluvioglaciares (Qf) .............................................................. 62 3.3 GEOLOGÍA ESTRUCTURAL........................................................................................ 62 3.3.1 Bloque del Valle del Magdalena-Guaduas ................................................... 62 3.3.2 Bloque del Anticlinorio de Villeta .................................................................. 63 3.3.3 Bloque de la Sabana de Bogotá y Anticlinorio de Los Farallones ............... 63 3.3.4 Bloque del Piedemonte Llanero ................................................................... 66 4. RECURSOS GEOLÓGICOS .................................................................................................... 67 4.1 RECURSOS MINERALES ........................................................................................... 67 4.1.1 Minerales Metálicos ...................................................................................... 67 4.1.1.1 Cadmio................................................................................................. 67 4.1.1.2 Cobre .................................................................................................. 67 4.1.1.3 Estaño ................................................................................................. 67 4.1.1.4 Hierro .................................................................................................. 67 4.1.1.5 Manganeso ......................................................................................... 69 4.1.1.6 Plomo y Zinc ....................................................................................... 69 4.1.1.7 Selenio ................................................................................................ 69 4.1.2 Piedras Preciosas ......................................................................................... 69 4.1.2.1 Esmeraldas ......................................................................................... 69 4.1.3 Rocas y Minerales No Metálicos ................................................................... 70 4.1.3.1 Arcillas ................................................................................................. 70 4.1.3.2 Arenas y Gravas silíceas .................................................................... 70 4.1.3.3 Azufre .................................................................................................. 70 4.1.3.4 Caliza y Dolomita ................................................................................ 71 4.1.3.5 Diatomitas ........................................................................................... 71 4.1.3.6 Evaporitas: Sal y yeso ........................................................................ 71 4.2 RECURSOS HÍDRICOS ............................................................................................... 72 4.3 RECURSOS ENERGÉTICOS....................................................................................... 72 4.3.1 Carbón .......................................................................................................... 72 4.3.2 Hidrocarburos ............................................................................................... 72 4.3.2.1 Generación .........................................................................................
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