PE 29 July 14,1967
People's Wor ls lnvincible Renmin Ribao editoriol commemorotes 3fth onniversory IL of Chinese People's Wor of Resistonce Agoinst Jopon. The ililitary Governmcill 0f Jle Win, 4 The Ghiang l(ai-shek ol Burma, ls Bound To Fail! The People Are Bound to tlin ! Speech by Thokin Bo Thein Tin, First Vice-Choirmon of the A Centrol Committee of the Communist Porty of Burmo. People of lndonesia, Unite and Fight to Ouerthrow the Fascist Regime ,{L Hongqi editoriol. Spring Thunder Over lndia Renmin ormed ",:oo?,:,,!"'J; $jr*,,f,i"iiJjs' $ l- r I ! i
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The seizure of power by armed force, the settlernent of the issue by war, is-the central task and the highest form of rer.olu- tion. This Marxist-Leninist principle of reyolution holds good universally, for China and for all other countries. Problems, af Wur and StrategY (November 1938)
Contrary to the predictions of the Chinese and foreign reac- tie,n*rlesn the forees of faseist aggressior will undoubtedly be overthrown and the people's dernocratic f,crces will trndoubtedly " triumph. The wor{d wiII unquestionahfu take the road of pro- gress and not the road of reaetion.
O n C oqlition. G ors ernmemt (Aprit 1 945)
Therefore the united front, araned struggle aad Party build- ingi are the three fwldame**al questions for eur Party in the Chi- nese. revolution. Ilaving a correct grasp of these three questions and their interrelations is tantamount to giving correct leadership to the whole Chinese revolution. lntrotlucing "The Communist" (October 1939)
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Choirmon Moo Tse-tung
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Choirmon Moo ond Vice-Choirmon Lin Pioo Receive Delegstes to P. L.A. Conference On Militqry Trsining Our most respected and beloved great leader Chairman Mao and his close comrade-in-arms Vice-Chair- man Lin Piao, other leading com- rades of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party and the responsible ccmrades of varioris departments concerned Chou En- lai, Chen Po-ta, Kang- Sheng, Hsu Hsiang-chien, Nieh Jung-chen, Yeh Chien-ying, Chiang Ching, Hsiao Hua, Yang Cheng-wu, Su Yu, Chang Chun-chiao, Kuan Feng, Chi Pen-yu, Li Tien-yu, Wu F,a-hsien, Yeh Chun and Wang Tung-hsing received the delegates to the Conference- of the Chinese People's Liberation Army on Military Training on the after- noon of July 7. Chairman Mao walked briskly into the reception hall in excellent spi.rits.
Our most respecteil and beloved great leader Chairman Mao and his close comratle-in-arms Vice-Chairman Lin Piao, antl Comraale Chou En-lai receive delegates to the P.L.A. Cou- {erence on Military Training.
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Chairman Mao, Vice-Chairman Lin Piao antl Chou En-lai, Chen Po-ta, I(ang Sheng antl other comrades with delegates to the conference.
July 14, 1967 4 The delegates were greatly excited at and was later photographed with mittee of the Political Bureau of the this happiest moment. Waving their them. Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party and Premier of the bright red copies of the Quatations As Chairman Mao left the recep- Chairman Mao Tse-tung, they State Council, Chen Po-ta, Standing From tion hall, the delegates shouteci "Long gave Mao prolonged ova- Conrmittee Member the Political Chairman live the invincible thought of Mao of live Chairrnan Bureau of the Party's Central Com- ticns. cheering "Long Tse-tung!" and sang Sailing th.e Seas "A life mittee and Head of the Cultural Rer.- IIacl" lcng. long to Chairman Depends on the Hehnsntan. They olution Group Under the Party's Ilacl" again and again. u,ished a long life to Chairman Mao, Central Corrrmittee, I(ang Sheng, Seeing the smiling delegates. Chair- the red sun that shirres mcst brightly Standing Committee Member of the Mao cordially w-aved to them in our hearts. maa Political Bureau of the Partv's Cen- tral Committee, Adviser to the Cul- tulal Revolution Group Under the Death o$ Comrade NEuyen Chi Thanh Party's Central Committee and Vice- Mourn Chairman of the Standing Committee Chinese National People's cabled a message to the Central Com- of the Messoge of Condolences From lvt'nt mittee of the Vietnam Workers'Party Congress, and other comrades Moo Tse-tung, Democratic Comrsdes and the Mllitary Commission of the to the Emba-ssy of the to ex- Lin Piso ond Chou En-loi to Party's Central Committee, expres- Republic cf Vietnam in China deaih Comrsde Ho Chi Minh sing lheir condolences on the death press their condolences on the Mem- cf Comrade Nguyen Chi Thanh. of Comrade Nguyen Chi Thanh, Comrade Mao Tse-tung, Comrade ber of the Political Burea.u of the Lin Piao and Comrade Chou En-lai The full text of the message Central Committee of the Vietnam cabled a message on JulY 8 to Com- reads: Workers' Party, Member of the Secre- rade Ho Chi Minh expressing their We are shocked to learn that tariat of the Party's Central Com- condolences on the death of Comrade Comrade Nguyen Chi Thanh d.ied mittee, Member of the National Nguyen Chi.Thanh. suddenly of iliness on July 6, and ex- Defence Council of the Democratic Republic of \i'ietnam and General of T?re full text of the message press our deep sorrow and our eon- the Vietnam People's Army. reads: dolences. Comrade Nguyen Chi Marxist- Thanh was an outstanding Comrade Chou En-lai told Nguyen Wg are deeply grieved to learn of Leninist, an outstanding communist Huy. Charge d'Affaires ad in- the sudden death of Comrade Nguyen fighter Vietnam Workers' Quang of the terim of the Vietnamese Emlrassy in Chi Thanh due to illness. Comrade Parly, good of the Vietnamese a son Peking. that on behalf of Chair,ran Nguyen Chi Thanh was your good people an exception- and nation and Mao Tse-tung, Vic.'-Chairman Lin ccmrade and comrade-iri-arms as rvell ally heroic figure brought up and Piao, and le.ading members of the as ours, and he u'as also a good nurtured by the Vietnam ['orkers' Central Committee of the Chinese ccmrade-in-arms of the revolutionary PartSr led by Comrade Ho Chi Minh. Farty; the State Council, people and oppressed nations the He made an outsianding contribution Communist the Par- world over. He made outstanding in the u,ar of resistance waged by the the Militar;,' Commission of contributions to Vietnam's revolu- Vietnamese people against French ty's Central Committe,e and the Cui* tionary cause and to the unity and aggression and in lhe present cause tural Revol.ution Group Under the militant friendship between China of resistance to U.S. aggression anC Party's Central Committee and leaC- and Vletnam and beirveen ihe two for national salvation. His death is ing members of other departments, Parties and armies of bath countries. not naly a tremendous loas to the they extended to the comrades of the His death is a great loss to our com- Vietnamese pecple, Party and arrny Vietnamese Embassy their condolen- mon revolutionary cause. But his but also a loss to th,e revolutionary ces oR ihe death of Comrade Nguyen illustrious example and influence will people of China and of the who}e Chi Thanh, and asked the comrades live for ever and will eontinue to world- of the Embassy to convey their devdop and flourish. 1{e trust that sympathy to President Ho Chi Minh, Please cbnvey deepest ycu wdl not grieve too much and will our sym- the Vietnam Workers' Party, the pathy members Comrade keep well and look after your health. to the of Vietnamese Government and the Nguyen Chi Thanh's famiiy. family of Ccmade Nguyen Chi Thanh.
Messogp of Condolerres Sent by Comrade Chou En-lai said that C.P.C.'s Centrol Committee Chinese Porty ond Stote Comrade Nguyen Chi Thanh was an And tts Militory Commission Lesders Go to Vietnomese outstanding Comrnunist Party mem- Embossy to Express ber, both palltically and militarily, On the sarne day, the Central Com- Condolences and a eourageous communist fighter. mittee of the Chinese Communist Under the leadership of President Ho Party and the Militarv Commission On the morning of JuIy 8, Chou Chi Minh and the Vietnan-i Workers' of the Party's Central Committee En-lai, Member of the Standing,Com- Party, he had made important con-
6 Peking Rexiew, No. 29
!\-- r tributions to the struggle against U.S. socialist system in Albania. Whiie of China and Albania would flourish aggression and for national salvation, the victories and successes you have for all eternity. to the struggle against French im- won are a tremendous inspir.ation to perialism and 1he to struggle against the Chinese peopls rviro are sLrccess- modern revis!onism. fully carrying on the gr'ea| proleta- Premier Chou ond Other Comrade Chou En-1ai said: We rian cultural revolution and to the Legders See Ferformonce by must bring into fuil play Comrade r-evolutionary people of ail countries, South Vietnom Liberotion they constitute a telling blow to im- Nguyen Chi Thanh's thoroughgoing Army Ensemble revolutionary spirit and fight to the perialism and modern revisionism. end for mankind's cause of commu- The South Vietnam Liberation past year has nism. "The seen a new and Army Song Dance Ensemble, greater and stiil development of the which comes from the forefront of friendship and sclidarity between the the sti'uggle agairrsi U.S. imperialism, Cornrode Lin Pioo Greets peoples and armies of China and Al- gave a perforrnance in the Great Albonion Army Doy bania, which are based on the prin- Hail of the People on the evening ciples of Marxisrn-Leninism and pro- o.t July 7. letarian internationalism. Comrade Comrade Lin Piao, Vice-Premier Watching the performance with and Minister of National Defence, on Mao Tse-tung has said: "China and more than 10,000 commanders and July sent a cable to Comrade Beqir Albania arc separated by thousands I fighters of the Chinese People's Lib- Balluku, Vice-Chairman of the Coun- of mountains and rivers our but eration Army, young Red Guard cil of Ministers and Minister of De- hearts are closely linked. We are revolutionary fighters and revolu- fence of Albania, extending his warm- your true friende and comrades. And tionary people from all walks of life greetings 24th anniver- est on the you are ours. You are not like those in the capitai were responsible com- sary of the founding of the Aibanian false friends and double-dealers who rades of the Part;.''s Central Com- cable said: People's Army. The have "honey on their lips and mur- rnittee and various departments Chou der in their hearts," and neither are "IJnder the brilliant leadership of En-lai, Chen Po-ta, Kang Sheng, Yeh rve. Our militant revolutionaty friend- the long-tested, glorious Albanian Chien-ying, Hsiao Hua, Yang Cheng- ship has stood the test of violent Party of Labour headed by Comrade wu and others. storms.' We ale firmiy convinced Enver Hoxha, the Albanian people An atmosphere of revolutionarY that this great friendship between and the Albanian People's Army are friendship and miiitant solidarity the peoples and armies of China and steadfastly holding high the revolu- between the peoples of China and Albania will be increasingly consol- tionary red banner of Marxism- Vietnam prevaiied in the Great Hall. idated and deveioped and will con- Leninism and advancing braveiy The south Vietnamese artists Per- tinue to exert its trernendous and along the r'oad to victory despite formed .o.,g. ,rri clances reflecting all-conquering pc\^,er in the fight in heavy encirclement by imperialisrn the heroic feats of the south Viet- the days to corne against impe- in and modern revisionism. In the past namese armymen and civilians rialism headed b"v the United States, s+"ruggle, folk songs year, our comrades-in-arms in the their anti-U.S. against moCern revisionism with praising the Vietnamese heroic Albanian People's Army have PeoPle's the leading clique of the Soviet Com- revolutionary struggle under the actively responded to the cail of the munist Party as its centre and against Ieadership of their respected and Fifth Congress of the Albanian Party the reactionaries of all countries, and betroved leader President Ho Chi of Labour and Comrade Hoxha and in the great cause of socialist revolu- Minh, and songs eulogizing the have achieved slgnal success in giving ai-rd socialist constrrrction and Chinese and Vietnarnese peoples' greater prominence to proietaliar-r tion the promotion o.[ human pl'ogress.'' militant f riendship. politics and strengthening revoiu- The performers also sang Long tionization in army building; they The message expressed the wish gained Liue Chairntan tltlaot a song in have also tremendous success that heroic Albania. the great bea- - in carrying out a series of important Chinese praising the Chinese Peo- con of socialism in - Europe, wouid measures for revolutionization, such ple's great leader Chairman Mao, shine ever more br-illiantl.y. It wished as implementing the mass line, step- and other revolutionary Chinese fraternal Albanian People's Army ping up ideoiogical education. oppos- the songs. new and still greatel successes rn ing bureaucratism, and participating performed by the Viet- strengthening its revolutionization, in The items in labour by cadr'es. The whole army namese cultural and art fighters constantly enhancing its political has become even more full of vigour received a roirsing w'elcome froin the qualities and combat power, in de- and higher in morale. This will cer- audience. tainly have far-reaching effects in fending its socialist motherland and promoting the building of the Al- in safeguarding peace in Europe and During the intermission, Chou banian People's Army in ail fields the world. It wished that the ever- En-lai, Chen Po-ta, Kang Sheng and Xuan and in further strengthening the dic- lasting, unbreakable militant friend- other comrades met Nguyen tatorship of the proletariat and the ship between the peoples and armi€s (Continued on P. 38.)
a lytg 14. 1967 I
___.-z= I* .lk 8lrrnt BIETO
People's \Vor ls Invincible
Commemoroting the 30th onniyersory of the Chinese people's War of Resistonce Agoinst Jopon
TfIHIRTY years ago today, Japanese imperialism democratic revclution led by the proletariat; he crea- r launched an aggressive war with an all-out attack tively and immensely enriched and developed Marxism- on China. The Chinese people, led by the Chinese Leninism and thus (nade_.an inestimable contribution to Communist Party and their great leader Chairman the cause of the world proletarian revolution of the Mao, then began an eight-year national revolutionary present era. war on a scale unprecedented in the annals of th,e world The victory people's revolution. of the Chinese War of Re- sistance Against Japan is a victory for Chairman Mao's The Chinese people's War of Resistance Against theory of people's war, a victory for the invincible Japan was a great people's war, in which millions upon thought of Mao Tse-tung. millicns of people took part, pelrsonally directed and Chairman Mao's ccrrect political and military line led by our great supreme commander Chairman Mao. r,vas the basic guarantee for victory in the anti-Japa- Chairman Mao pointed out: '"It is a marvellous speetacle nese !!,ar. It was during the anti-Japanese war period in the annals of war, a heroic undertaking by the Chi- that he drew up the strategic principle of prctracted nese nation, a magnificent and earth-shaking feat." war, worked out a ccmplete set of strategy and tactics The Kucmintang ruling bloc had long follorved a for people's war, and put forward the Marxist-Leninist poiicy of non-resistance towards Japanese imperialist revolutionary line of boltily mobilizing the masses and aggression. T ater it adopted the reactionary policy of expanding the people's torces so that, under the leader- being passive in resisting Japan but active in anti- ship of our Party, they could defeat the aggressors and communism build a new China. ' At this cruciaf juncture of life and death for the Chairman Mao has pointed out: "The revolutionary Chinese nation, the Chinese Communist Party and war is a war of the masses; it can be waged only by Chairman Mao n"robilized millions upon millions of peo- mobilizing the masses and relying on them." "The ple and organized a mighty army to fight Japanese ag- richest source of power to wage war lies in the masses gression. The Eighth Route and New Fourth Armies of the people." In the period of the War of Resistance led by the Chines,e Communist Party, advancing to th,e Against Japan, our Party, acting on Chairman Mao's fronts and penetrating behind the enemy lines, assumed instructions, mobllized and organized the masses, did the heavy responsibilities of the anti-Japanese war, propaganda among them and armed them, and brought established anti-Japanese democratic base areas cover- fully into play the revolutionary enthusiasm of the ing vast territories, fcught hard batties and won great masses. In the situation when the enemy was superior victory in the u,ar after eight years of courageous and we were in{erior in strength, our Party persisted fighting. in the struggle, step by step changed the balance of strength between the enemy and ourselr,es and finally The Chinese people's War of Resistance Agaii-rst won victory in the War of Resistance. jlapan was an important part of the worldwide anti- fascist war. The Chinese people, by persisting in their Chairman Mao has pointed out: "The Chinese rev- War of Resistance and fighting heroically, plaved a olution is essentially a peasant revolution." ,"The anti- great role in the victory of the world anti-fascist war. Japanese lvar is essentially a peasant war." China's rev- olution had to take the road of relying on the peasants, ' Tempered in this national revolutionary war, the estabiishing rural base areas, encircling the cities from Chinese people enhanced their revolutionary strength the rural areas and finally capturing the a hundredfold. This laid the foundation for the victory cities. In the period War Resistance Against of the later Chinese people's War of Liberation. of the of Japan, our Party followed precisely this road of victory guided by During the period of the War of Resistance Against Chairman Mao, adopted a series of correct policies, Japan, Chairman Mao solved with genius, both in theory brought into fullest play the tremendous strength of and in practice, a series of problems concerning people,s the peasant masses and, taking the vast rural base war, and a series of problems concerning the national areas as our base, constantly wiped out enemy effectives
8 Peking Reaiew, No. 29 f*- r' and created a brilliant example of encircling the cities war on a still bigger scale. In just over tltree years, from the rural areas. the Kucmintang reactionary regime was overthrown and New Chairman Mao has pointed out: "Without the China rn,as founded. broadest united front of the overwhelming majority of Just as Comrade Lin Piao pointed out in his the population, it rvill be impossible" (o victory in win art'icle "Long Live the Victory of people,s War,,: China's revolution. "Moreover, this united front must "Comrade Mao Tse-Qtng's theory of people,s war has be under the firm leadership of the Communist Farty been proved by the long practice of ihe-Chinese rev- of China. Without the Party's firm leadership, no rev- olution to be in accord u,ith tuhs objective laws of such olutionary united front can s,in victory." period In the wars and to be invincible. It has f,rol only been valid of th,e War of Resistance Against Japan, our Party fol- for China, it is a great contributidn to the revolu- lowed Chairman Mao's policy, line and united ail forces tionary struggles of the oppressed nations and peoples that could be united. and ccnsolidated and expanded thrcughout the wortrd." the anti-Japanese national united front. In this united front our Party held to the principles of independence To,Cay, Chairman Mao's theory of people's war has and initiative and of leadership by the prcletariat. This spread on an unprecedentedly broad scale throughout question of responsibility for leadership in the Chinese the world. People's war. is showing ever greater power. revolutien is the linchpin upon which the success or History has proved and witl continue to prove that failure of the revolution depends. people's war is the most effective weapon against U.S. imperialism and its iackeys. The oppressed nations In the course of the struggle against Right and who want to 'uvin complete liberation people "Left" opportunism, Chairman Mao's revolutionary Iine and the paved of the various countries throughout the world rvho the lvay for victory both in the War of Resistance want Against Japan and in China's revolution. to win complete victory in their wars against aggression can rely only on the rstrategy and tactics of After the national unite,C front against Japan rvas people's war. No other strategy and tactics will work. formed, Wang Ming, who once represented the "Left" The peoples of many countries in Asia, Africa and opportunist line, became the representative of Right Latin America have norv taken up arms to fight against opportunism, namely, capitulationism. He advocated U.S. imperialism and its lackeys. The war against an out-and-out capitulationist lir-re to opporse Chairman U.S. aggression an'd for national salvation waged by Mao's correct line. He surrendered the proletariat's the Vietnamese people, in particular, has set another leadership of the national revolutionary war, opposed brilliant example of using people's war to hit back ai the bold arousing of the masses, rejected base areas the a-ggressors and win great victories. More and more and people's armed forces, but rvanted to hand over to oppressed nations and p,eopl,es throughout the u,or'Il Chiang Kai-shek, the representative of the big land- will inevitably take the road of armed struggle fi'om lords and the big bourgeoisie, everything of the peo- having no arms to taking up armis, from having- no ple. knowledge of how to fight to becoming skilled in fighiing. from not knowing how wage people's u,ar Such class capitulationism is, in essence, national to to becomir-rg skilful in r,vaging people's u.ar. This is capitulationism. If this Right opportunist line had been the Iaw of people's revolution, lau' historical acted upon, then there would have been no p,eople's the of development. war and no victory for the people's war. still less libera- tion for the s,hoie country. Faced b-v the rer-olutionar]' storms of the peopie Un.Cer the brilliant leadership of Chairman 1\{ao. of the s'orld tcda5-. I-I.S.-led imperialism and its lacke1's our Party carried out a resolute struggle against this are panic-stricken. In desperate struggies. they are Right oppoltunist line and made a timely correction of frantically prosecuting policies of aggression and u'ar this error so that victory in the war was assured. and using all kinCs of tricks in an attempt to suppress the revoiution of the peoples of all countries in After victoly, the top Party person in authority the world and quench the flames of their armed strug- taking the capitalist road dared not launch a people's gles. The Soviet revisionist cl:que, catering to the war, but openly advocated the parliamentary road and needs of U.S. imperialism, is making all-out efforts io dema,nded that our Party hand the arn'ry over to the spread every kind of nonsense against people's 'uvar. Kuomintang and become "officials" in the reactionary When Kosygin and his ilk cry about a "stop to war" Kuomintang government. Had we acted as he recom- everywhere throughout the u.orld, and that "war mended we would have been asking the people should become a thing of the past throughout the throughout the countr:y to give as tribute to the u,crld," they actualiy r,r"'ant the oppr,essed nations and Kuomintang reactionaries the fruits of victory gained peoples to submissively endure imperialist slavery an,C in the arduous eight-year War of Resistance Against oppression. In Vietnam. in the Mi,C,Cle East and other Japan. This would have been out-and-out class capi- places in the rn,orld, the Soviet revisionist clique and tulationism. U.S. imperialism collude in tireir role of international gendarmes. Chairman Mao aiso promptly criticized this Right opportunist line, further develop'ed the idea of people's U.S. imperialirsm, Soviet revisionism and the rjeac- war and led the Chinese peopie in launching people's tionaries of aii countries harze staged one act after
Jula 14, 1967 I
!t! I r t I i arotler recently in their scandalous anti-Cirina farce. out the world has undergone a basic change. The They frantically attack the great Chinese peopie and might of the Chinese people is incomparably greater. the great thought of Maq Tse-tung. This shows that All the piots of U.S. imperialism and its accomplice, the;- are afraid of the dissemination of the great the Soviet revisionist clique, to use Japanese militarism thought of Mao Tse-tung among the people of the to threaten the Chinese people will certainly be world. afraid of people's revolution, afraid that the shattered. oppresed nationrs and peoples wiil take up arms, afraid Our great leader Chairman Mao has pointed out: of oeople's rvar. "Experience in the class 'struggle in the era of im- Today. on the 30th anniversary of the Chinese perialism teaches us that it is only by the power of people's War of Resistance Against Japan, lve must the gun that the working class and the lahouring also take note that Japanese militarism rvhich tnasses ean defeat the arrned bourgeoisie and land- unleashed the war of aggression against China and lords; in this sense lve n:ay say that orly with guns brought such catastrophe upon the Chinese people can the whole world be transformed"' then. is being revived under the aegis of the U.S. im- People's war is a pov;erful weapon for trans- perialists. And the Soviet revisionist ctique is openly forming the world. So long as they grasp the great ganging up r,vith U.S. imperialism to step up collusion weapon of Chairman Mao's theory of people's war, the rvith Japanese militarism building up an anti-China in revolutionary people of the whole world will be able encirclernent. Betraying the Japanese people, a hand- to make themselves invincible and rvipe out all such ful of Japanese Communist Farty revisionists have monsters as imperialism, modern revisionism and the also joined U.S. imperialism, Soviet revisionism and reactionaries all countries. the reactionaries of all countries in the anti-China of chortre. But the Japanese people are more awakened (A slightlA abridged translation of than ever before. The situation in Asia and through- "Renmin Ribao" editorial, Ju,ly 7.)
The Hilitary Gouernment 0f ile tinn the Ghiamg I[al-shek 0f Burma, ls Bound to Fail ! The People lre Bound to Hin!
- Speech by Thokin Bo Thein Tin, First Vice-Choirmon of the Centrol Committee of the Communist Porty of Burmo, at the July 5 Feking rnemoriol rolly for mortyr Liu Yi
Com,rades, comrades-in-arms and friends: Burmese peopie will never forget this. ?hey will al- ways l'emember him. On behalf of the Burmese people, the Communist Party of Burma and Comrade Thakin Than Tun, the The Burmese people and the Communist Party of Chairman of our Par1.y, I speak at the memorlal rally Burma feel great sorrow at Comrade Liu Yi's heroic for Comrade I-iu Yi today. death. I express our sympathy with the Chinese peo- ple and the relatives of Comrade Liu Yi. I want first of all to say that Comrade Liu Yi was Now, I r,vant to say that the struggle \ raged the an expert sent to Burma to work for Burmese ecr:nomic by young overseas construction in accordance Chinese students and the overseas with the Sino-Burmese Eco- just nomic Aid Agreement. Chinese brothers in Burma is entirely and correct. Their just struggle is bound to win. He served the Burmese people with a high degree of proletarian internationalist spirit. He was killed by The reactionary Ne Win militarv government can thugs instigated by the reactionary Ne lVin military never crush their just struggle. government while performing the tasks assigned him The combined pressure of Ne Win's masters U.S. by his country, and died her'oic death. a imperialism an.d the Soviet revisionist leading clique- iust either. - His deaLh and bloodshed contributed to the cannot crush their struggle establishment of Chinese-Burmese friendship. The whv?
10 Peking Rer-ieur, No. 29
t
I Because they have grmped the thought of Chair- I would like first to talk about its military bank- man Mao. the great leader of the world, and their str-ug- ruptcy. gle is just; the glorious 700 million Chinese people are The armed struggle under the leadership of the with them, the broad masses sf the Burmese people are Communist Party Burma headed with them. of by Chairman Thakin Than Tun has been going on for 19 to almost I want to reiterate at this rally that our Communist 20 years. Party of Burma wholeheartedly supports the just Ne Win and his gang are chief culprits who struggle of the overseas Chinese, and vehernently pro- the started the reactionary civil war. tests against the fascist atrocities of the. Ne Win mili- tary government in massacring the overseas Chinese. They set off the unjust r,var, and burnt down thousands of villages. We fully support the June 29 slatement of the Government of the Chinese People's Republic protest- ?hey have turned a large number of villages into ing against the Ne Win military government. concentration camps like those in south Vietnam. Tens of thousands of peasasts har.e been killed and Martyr Liu Yi, ovetseas Chinese student martyrs arrested, many women raped and many Communists and cverseas Chinese martyrs gave lives shed their and rnassacred, their blood for this struggle. Aided by U.S. imperialism and assisted by Britain, Nlany more u,,ere wounded. arrested and persecut- Israel, West Germany, Japan, India and other imperial- ed. It has been learnt that. up to the present, in ists and reactionaries, the Ne Win military government Rangoon alone overseas Chinese have been killcd by the has launched wild attacks on the Burmese people's hundreds and overseas Chinese students and overseas democratic revolution. Chinese have been a-rrested by the thousands. It has received much aid from Khrushchov, This is an outrageous crime that can never be Kosygin, Brezhnev, Tito and other modern revisionists. erased the history from of Burma! The biood debt in- Ne Win also received great help from China's curred by the Ne Win military gove.rnment, including Khrushchov that o*ed Corrirade Liu Yi and other martyrs, must be paid in biocd. We declare here that our Party and the Nevertheless, the Burmese armed struggle has nct people of Burma, together rn'ith the Chinese people, collapsed. At present, we are dealing the Ne Win g July 14, 1967 11 - 12 Peking Reuieu, No. 29 t*"- I He said his government would give the peasants Comrades, this is perfectly clear to us. privileges, but in reality its foundation is the landlords and rich peasants. We never thought that socialism could be estabUshed by reiying on "aid" from U.S. imperialism. How- It virtually transferred the right to resolve the ever, the group of people like Ne Win, Khrushchov and peasant problem to the reactionary village heads, China's Khrushchov said it was possible and experi- bureaucrats and miiitary officers. nrcnled in Burma. What it preached abcut the "labouring people" in I would aiso like to say a ferv words about the effect refers to the bureaucratic expioiting class and eccnomic crisis of the Ne Win military govelnment. reactionary military officers *,ho are slaughtering the Ne Win's "programme for socialism" in Burma peasants. The real rvorkers serve only as the object of long ago plunged the whole country into a serlous their e-xploitation and oppr.ession. economic crisis. At present, there is an extreme lack As in the case of Yugoslavia. Ne Win accepts aid of fooC and medicine, the price of commodities is very frcm all imperialist and revisionist countries. high and speculating merchant cliques and black markets are so numerous that Ne Win has been helpless He suppresses the Communist Party by means of in dealing rn'ith them. The reason is that his officers unjust war. and officials have all taken part in black market activities. This is t'hat the ''Burnlese progr-amme for social- ism" has meant. With regard to the situation of the material shortages, I would like to cite a few examples to ex- Even now the Sorriei modern revisionists still plain it. that the road Ne Win tal July 14, 1967 13 ------a4 In order to shake itself free of politlcal, miiitary The Burmese people will surely end this massacre and economic crisis and consolidate its rule, the Ne Win soon and unite as one in opposition to Ne Win. mrlitary gor.ernment has adopted despicabie measures. It has stirred up a conflict between China and Burma The Ne Win military government which is oppos- in an attempt to divert into a national conflict the ing the Chinese and Burrnese peoples wili certainly be fierce anger of the Burmese people that has burst forth defeated. l;.ke a volcano. China's Khrushchov, who has suppressed the great proletarian It is rvell known that the Ne Win military govern- cultural revolution and the Red Guards in China, has been discredited among masses. The nent started b), ruthlessly massacring overseas Chinese the government, students and other overseas Chinese. At first, it Ne Win military which is suppressing overseas Chinese influence of manufactured rumours and incited national hatred, and for fear both of the China's great proletarian cultural revolution and of the then provoked national conflict. Its despicable schemes revolutionary forces in Burma, is bound to fail. may succeed perhaps for the time being. Hou,ever, the friendship between China and Burma that has been China's Khrushchov, who opposed the thought of formed for such a long time is firm and nobody can Chairman Mao, has bitten the dust; the Ne Win undermine it. No force on earth is capable of sabotag- military gov,ernment, which has insulted Chairman Mao, ing this friendship. Whoever attempts to do so is a will aiso certainly be defeated. madman, just banging his head against a brick wal1. Together with the Chinese people, we will certainly Chairman Mao teaches us: "'Lifting a rork only carry the struggle against the Ne Win military govern- to drop it on one's own feet' is a Chinese folk saying ment. the struggle against revisionism and the struggle to describe the behaviour of certain fools. The reae- against the reactionaries of all countries through to the tionaries in all countries are fools of this kind. In the very end. final analysis, their persecution of the revolutionary people only serves to accelerate the people's revolutions \Ye rvill definitely strengthen the struggle against on a broader and more irtense scale," By his oppcsi- the Ne Win military government in our practical rvork. tion to China, Ne Win is lifting a rock onll' to drop Let the U.S. imperialists and the Soviet revisionists it on his own feet. give more aid to the Ne Win military governmentl Before World War II, the British imperialists However great the sacrifice we have to suffern no provoked a conflict between China and Burma. Apart matter how long the struggle continues, we $rill from this, China-Burma friendship has been firm. It certainly carry on our fight. is a flesh and blood friendship. The Brirmese call the Chinese paulcphata meaning kinsmen. Of course, Ne We have waged a military struggle over a period Win also calls China's Khrushchov paukphaw. The of nearly 20 years. We say that we are not afraid of latter is a paukphau of partners-in-crime, and not that any kind of enemy, because we have Chairman Mao's between the people. It is merely paukphato of a thought as our guide. supreme master and a disciple. We r.l,ill overthrow the Ne Win military govern- Therefore, we are convinced that, guided by the ment and bring about a lasting peace, a happy and com- spirit of genuinely consolidated friendship between pletely iadependent Burma and set up a people's China and Burma, and not by the hypocritical rubbish democral,ic united front government conforming to the of Ne Win and China's Khrushchov, the overseas Chi- people's wishes. nese in Burma will certainly win victory. Let us unite, fight and triumph together under the There is another matter I would like to refer to. banner of Chairman Mao's thought! The reactionaries of all countr'ies say that there are We fully support the fraternal overseas Chinese in two kinds of Communist Parties. They say that they Burma in their revolutionary, valiant and just struggle! do not fear the Communist Parties of Khrushchov, No one can destroy the friendship between China and Kosygin and Brezhnev and that they can make friends Burma! with such Communist Parties. They take the same at- Win government is titude tos'ards Communists like China's Khrushchov. The reactionary Ne .taill But they are frightened out of their wits by the Com: bound to munist Party of Mao Tse-tung. The people's democratic revolution is bound to triumph! This analysis of the enemy is very important. We should all be Communist Parti.es of Mao Tse-tung. Long live the unity of the Burme-ce and peoples ! The overseas Chinese in Burma, who are struggl- ing by holding aloft Chairman Mao,s.teaching ,.a great Long live the unity of the Communist Pariies of life, a glorious death;" will certainly win. Burma and China! I I 14 Peking Reuieu:, No. 29 I i i r Long live proletarian internationaiism! Modern revisionism headed by the leadership of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union is bound to great proletarian cultural rev- Long live China's fail ! olution personally led by Chairman Mao! To the good health of Comrade Thakin Than Tun, Long live Marxism-Leninism, Mao Tse-tung's Chairman of the Communist Party of Burma! thought! Long live Chairman Mao, the great leader of the U.S. imperialism is bound to fail! rn.cr'ld's people! Long, long life to him! {, i& EOI{G8I People of lndonesio, Unite ond Fight to Overthrow the Fqscist Regime A FTER staging the counter-revolutionary 1965 coup The heroic Indonesian Communists and people can fl" 6's1s1, the Suharto-Nasution Right-wing military neither be cowed, suppressed, nor wiped out. The de- clique, faithful lackey of U.S. imperialism and anti- termination of the Indonesian people to make revolu- communist ally of Soviet revisionism, established a tion is unshakable; and so is the Chinese people's fascist dictatorship of unprecedented rtlthlessness in determination to support their revolution. No reac- Indonesia. tionary force on earth can obstruct this. For the past year or more, it has follow-ed an out- At present, the Indonesian Communists and revo- and-out traitorous, dictatorial, anti-communist, anti- lutionary people are regrouping their forces for a new China and anti-popular counter-revolutionary policy. battle. The August 17, 1966 "statement" of the Polit- ical Bureau of the Central Committee of the Indone- It has imposed a white terror in Indonesia on an sian Communist Party and the ''Self-Criticism" it en- unpreeedented scale, slaughtered several hundred dorsed in Septernber. rvhich u-ere published by the thousand Communists and revolutioi-tar5r people and magazine Indonesian Tribune not long ago- are a call thrown into prison several hundred thousand more to the Indonesian Commurusts and the Indonesian gork- fine sons and daughters of the Indonesian people. All ing dass. pea-sanis- revolutionar;- intellectuals and all Indonesia has been turned into one vast hell. 83' engag- anti-imperialist, anti-feudal ret'olutionar5- forces to ing in bloody suppression, it attempts in vain to wipe unite and engage in a new struggle. out the Indonesian Communist hrty and stamp out the trndonesian revolution. The two documents of the Political Bureau of the Indonesian Cornmunist Party are a telling blow at U'S. This clique cherishes an inveterate hatred for so- imperiilism and its flunkeys, the Suharto-Nas-ution cialist China, which resolutely supports the revolu- fascist mifitary dictatorial regime, and the revisionist tionary struggle of the Indonesian people. It has re- leading clique of the Communist Party of the Soviet peatedly carried out serious provocations against the Union, and a trerndirdous encouragement to the revo- Chinese people, whipped up anti-China, anti-Chinese luti.onary people of Indonesia. campaigns and practised inhuman racist persecution against overseas Chinese- It has vainly tried to sabo- In these two docrrments, the Political Bureau of tage the traditional friendship between the Chinese the Indonesian Communist Party has surnmed up the people and the overseas Chinese in Indonesia on the experience.and lessons of the Party in leading the In- one hand and the Indonesian people on the other, and donesian people's revolutionary struggle, has criticized to prevent the Chinese people from supporting the In- the Right opportunist erors committed by the leader- donesian people's revolution. ship of the Party in the pait, pointed out the road for the Indorresian revolution, and laid down the princi- In the final analysis, the many kinds of persecu- ples for future struggle. tion against the Indonesian Communist Party and the Indonesian people by the Suharto-Nasution Right-wing The documents point out that Indonesia is a semi- military dique will only serwe to speed the upsurge colonial and serni-feudal country. The Suharto-Nasution in the Indonesian revolution and hasten its own doom. military faseist dictatorship is a regime of the rnost Juls 14, 1967 reactionary classes in Indonesia: the comprador bcur- ist and anti-feudal united front led by the rvorking geoisie, the bureaucrat-capitalists and the landlords. It class and bas,ed on the worker-peasant alliance. To carry is the primary task of the revolution in its present stage this orit, the Party must ha'"'e a correct pl'ogramme, to overthrow this counter-revolutionary regime and correct principles and tactics and, what is particularly the reactionary rule of imperialisrn and feudalism in important, must grasp that form of armed struggle in Indonesia, to estabtlsh the people's democratic dictator- rvhich it integrates with the peasants and i,l'ins their ship and buiid a completely independent, democratic, support. nerv Indonesia. The documents criticize the slogan of "national co- The documents emphaticaily point out: "To achieve operation with the 'Nasakom' as the core" and hold that its complete victory, the Indonesian revolution must also such a statement obscures the class content of the united follolv the road of the Chinese revolution. This means front. In its effort to establish a united front with the that the Indonesian revoluti.on must inevitably adopt nationai bourgeoisie, the Party leadership in the past this main form of struggle, namely, the people's armed abrogated the independent role of the proletariat and struggle against the armed counter-revolution rvhich, turned it into an appendage of the naticnal bourgeoisie. in essence, is the armed agrarian revolution of the peas- In the past it put the three components of Marxisrn on ants under the leadership of the proletariat'" a par with the "three components of Sukarno's teach- ings" and in an unprincipled way recognized Sukarno The Political Bureau has criticized the revisionist as "the great leader of the revolution." The Party's line of the 20th Congress of the C.P.S.U., and pointed erroneous attitude towards Sukarno is a major mani- out that this counter-revolutionary line caused .serious festation of its loss of independence within the ur-rited damage to the Indonesian Communist Party and front. brought tremendous losses to the Indonesian people's revolutionary movement. Modern revisionism, with the They point out that an arduous task lies ahead leadership of the C.P.S.U. as its centre, is the greatest in the building up of the Indonesian Communist Party. danger to the international communist movement and It must be built into a Marxist-Leninist Party free frorn to the Indonesian Communlst Party as well. The bloo'Cy all forms of opportunism, one that resolutely opposes lesson of the Ioss of hundreds of thousands of lives in legalisn-r, subjectivism and modern revisionism. Indonesia shorrs once again that the revisionist road of "peaceful transition" advocated by the leadership The documents say that on the question of Party of the C.P.S.U. is the road to burying the revolution, building the main mistakes in the past have been "lib- the road to exterminating the Party and the people. eralism and legalism." They criticize the Party for its tendency to blindly seek numerical strength in recruit- The documents hold that the leadership of the ment, and point out that the mass character of the past deviated from the Marxist-Lenin- Party in the Party is expressed first of all not in a vast member- ist theory on the state and one-sidedly stressed the pos- ship but in close ties with the masses, in its political sibilities of the so-ca1led peaceful road and parliament- line defending the interests of the masses and in the ary road. It claimed that Indonesian bourgeois state overall application of the mass line. power had two aspects, the "pro-people aspect" and the "anti-people aspect"; it hoped to bring about a In order to build a Marxist-Leninist rel'olutionary fundamental change in state power by peaceful means Party, the Political Bureau of the Indonesian Com- through developing the "pro-people aspect." This is a munist Party calls upon the whole Party to improve sheer illusion of "peaceful transition." its education in Marxism-Leninism, Mao Tse-tung's The documents criticize and repudiate the theory thought, to sum up the historical experience of the of "combining the three forms of struggle," namely, Party and carry out a rectification campaign. guerrilla warfare in the countryside, the workers' The documents point out: "The experience of the movement in the cities, and work among the enemy's Party the past has shown armed forces. They point out that, concerning the struggle waged by the in Indonesian Marxist- "three forms of struggle," the leadership of the Party in hou' indispensable it is for the Marxism-Lenin- the past, instead of having led them along tJre road of Leninists, who are resolved to defend revolution, led each along the "peaceful road" and ism and to combat modern revisionism, to sttidy not thereby virtually gave up the armed struggle. The do- only the teachings of Marx, Engels, Lenin and Stalin, cuments emphasize that the Indonesian Marxist- but also to devote speciai attention to studying the Leninists must resolutely abandon this erroneous theory, Thought of Mao Tse-tung who has succeeded in in- hold high the banner of the people's arr,ned revolution, heriting, defending and deveioping Marxism-Leninism establish revolutionary base areas in accordance with to its peak in the present era." the experience of the Chinese revolution, and turn the up the historical experience of the backward villages into strong, consolidate.d military, After summing and the "SeIf- political,'and cultural bastions of the revolution. Indonesian revolution, the "Statement" Criticism" of the Political Bureau of the Central Corn- The Political Bureau regards as an important task mittee of the Indonesian Communist Party come to of the Party the establishment of a broad anti-imperial- this imporlant conclusion: 16 Pelcing Reuiew, No. 29 !'To win victory for the people's democratic rev- faced with an extremely difficult and complex task. olution, the Indonesian Marxist-Leninists must hold The Party's struggle is undergoing a major change: a aloft the Three Banners of the Party, namely: switch from the cities to the countryside, from peace- ful struggle to armed struggle, from legal to illegal, "The first banner, the building of a Marxist-Lenin- from open to secret. For Party, whose main work ist Party which is free from subjectivism, opportunism a over a long period of time was open and legal activiiy and modern revisionism. in the cities, this change is not easy indeed. It is bound "The second banner, the armed people's struggle to meet many difficulties. But the objective realities which in essence is the armed struggle of the peasants of the revolutionary struggle compel people to make in an anti-feudal agrarian revolution under the leader- the change and compel them to learn armed struggle, ship of the working class." and there is no alternative for them but to master it. In fact, as long as they are resolute and surmount all "The third banner, the revolutionary united front difficulties, there is no doubt that they can do so. based on the worker-peasant alliance under the leader- ship of the working class." Comrade Mao Tse-tung sa-vs: "A revolutionary The conclusion drar.n by the Political Bureau of war is a rnass undertaking; it is often not a matter the Indonesian Communist Party concerning the "Three of first learning and then doing, but of doing and Banners" conforms with Marxism-Leninism, Mao Tse- then learning, for doing is itself learning. There is a tung's thought, and will play an important guiding gap between the ordinary civilian and the soldier, but role in the Indonesian revolution. it is no Great Wall, and it can be quickly closed, and the way to close it is to take part in revolution, in The road pioneered by Comrade Mao Tse-tung for war." the Chinese revolution is the road by which "political power grows out of the barrel of a gun," the road of We are convinced that the Indonesian Marxist- relying on the peasants, establishing rural revolutionary Leninists, guided by the invincible Marxism-Leninism, bases, encircling the cities from the rural areas and Mao Tse-tung's thought, will surmount obstacle after finally capturing the cities. obstacle, effect this historic change and lead the In- donesian people on to the long march for *inning vic- Summing up the experience of the Chinese rev- tory in the revolution. olution, Comrade Mao Tse-tung says: "We have had much valuable experience. A well-disciplined Party The Chinese Communist Party and the Chinese armed with the theory of Marxism-Leninism, using people constantly have the fight of the Indonesian Com- the method of,.self-criticisrn and linked with the masses munist Party and the Indonesian people in mind- Our of. the people; an army under the leailership of such hearts are closely linked with the hearts of our class a Party; a united front of all revolutionary classes and brothers in Indonesia. We stand unflinchingly on the all revolutionary groups under the leadership of such side of the Indonesian Communist Par[', on the side sup' a Party these are the three main weapons with which of the Indonesian revolutionary people, and firmly the we have- defeated the enerny. They distinguish us from port the Indonesian Communist Party ia leading our predecess'ors. Relying on them, we have won basic Indonesian people's struggle to overthrow the Suharto- victory." Nasution fascist regime and establish a completely in- dependent and democratic new Indonesia- In the course of leading the Chinese people's unbridled vio- struggle to seize political power, the Chinese Communist Comrade Mao Tse-tung says, 'The Party has had great victories in the revolution as well Ience of all the forces of darkness whether domestic as serious defeats. The Party's defeats and victories, its or foreign, has brought disaster to our nation; but this retreats and advances, its shrinking and growth, its very violence indicates 11ru1 ashile the forces of dark- already in development and consolidation. are all closely linked ness still have some strength left they are people are gradually with whether or not the Party's political line correctly their death throes, and that the handles the questions of armed struggle and the united approaching victory." front. Armed struggle and the united front are the two As the documents of the Political Bureau of the basic weapons for conquering the enemy. The united Indonesian Communist Partl- r*'ell express' the present front is a united front for carrying out armed struggle. military dictatorship of the Right-wing generals and The Party organization is the heroic fighter wielding the U.S. imperialists. u'ho support this reactionary re- these two weapons. Such is how these three are in- gime, are all paper tigers- In appearance, they are ter- teruelated. rifying, but in reality they are weak' Comrade Mao Tse-tung says: "Ilaving a correct Dark clouds cannot long obscure the sun whose grasp of these three questions united front, armed [the resplendent light will surely shine over the whole of struggle and Party building _ Tr.f and their interrela- Indonesia. Final victory wiLl certainly belong to the tions is tantamount to giving correct leadership to the Communist Party of Indonesia and to the Indonesian Chinese revolution." whole people. At present, a severe white teror continues to reign over Indonesia. The Indonesian Communist Party is (t'Hongqij' ed,itorinl, No.77, 7967') Julg 74, 1967 77 j Stotement by the Politicol Bureou of The Centrol Committee of the lndohesion Communist Pqrty (Excerpts) August 17,1966 'illuminated t STATEMENT issued, bg tlte Political Bureau of the of revolution which is by Marxism- A Central, Committee oJ the Communist Partg oJ ln- Leninism. d.onesta (P.K.l.) on August 77, 7966, appeareil in the first issue of the "lndonesian Tribune" publi,shed. in Why Hos the August Revolution of 1945 Foiled Nu-sember last gear. It toas entitled "Take the Road To Achieve lts Objective Gool? of Reoolution to Realize the Tasks Which Shauld Haoe Been Accomplished. bg the 1945 August Reoolution." Based on objective eonditions, Indonesia at the Ercerpts of the statement folloto.-Ed- time of the outbreak of the revolution was a colonial and semi-feudal country, and therefore the 1945 August The Indonesian people observe the 21st anniverp, Eevolution has the character of a bourgeois-democratie sary of the outbreak of the 1945 August Revolution in- revolution having the double tasks, to drive hway im- a situation when the counter-revolutionaries headed by perialism from Indonesia, in order to liberate the whole the Right-wing army.generals Suharto and Nasutiori nation, and to realize democratic reforms, that is to say, rule over the country. During this period of almost to liquidate entirely the remnants of feudalism, iii one year, modern Indonesian history has never wit- order to liberate the peasants frorn the feudal oppres- nessed such a rampant counter-revolutionary terror, sion of foreign and native landlords. whose barbarism is comparable only to that of Hitlerite Nazism, as has been unleashed by the forces headed by The 1945 August Revolution is part of the world the reactionary generals in the army, Nevertheless, no proletarian socialist revolution. It was a new-type bour- matter how vicious and barbarous the counter-revolu- geois-democratic revolution. The complete victory of tionaries have run amok, they will never succeed in sup- a hew-type bourgeois-democratic revolution will pro- pressing the revolutionary elan of the working class, vide the conditions for socialist revolution. Conse- the peasantry and other driving forces of the revolu- quently, the perspective of the 1945 August Revolution tion. is socialism and communism. Step by step, the revolutionaries and the democr:ats The driving forces of the 1945 August Revolution are reorganizing themselves and waging a resistance are the working class or the proletariat, the peasantry struggle against the military dictatorship of the Right- and the petty bourgeoisie outside the peasantry. The wing army generals led by Suharto and Nasution. All anti-imperialist character of the 1945 August Revolu- of this has been accomplished under the most difficirlt tion, which manifested itself very clearly at the start and grave conditions, under the threat of incessant of the revolution, has made it possible for the mobiliza- terror. How unbreakable is the revolutionary spirit of tion of the very broad strata of the Indonesian popula- the Indonesian people! tion. Apart from the national bourgeoisie lvhich, to a certain degree, adopted an anti-irnperialist and anti- The P.K.I., rvhich by virtue of historical necessity feudal stand, other patriotic elements, including even occupies the position as vanguard of the working class patriotic landlords, had taken part in or contributed to and all revolutionary forces in Indonesia. not only is the war of independence against the Dutch imperialists. rebuilding its organization from the serious damage it { has suffered, but due to the practising of criticism and The experience of the 1945 August Revolution has self-criticism within the leadership and within the shown that the P.K.I. as the vanguard of the Indonesian whole Party, it is returning to the correct road, the road working- class did rrot suceeed as yet in taking up its 18 Peking Reuieus, No. 29 place as the leader of the struggle for emancipation bureaucratic state machine is "the .prerequisite, for of the Indonesian people. The P.K.I. entered the 1945 every genuine people's revolution" (Lenin, State and August Revolution without adequate prepara[ions. Its Bevolution). A genuine people's revolution will achieve serious shortcoming in theory and its lack of under- decisive victory only after it has accomplished this pre- standing of the concrete conditions of Indonesian so- requisite, while at the same time sets up a completely ciety had resulted in its inabiiity to formulate the na- new state apparatus whose task is to suppress by force ture of the revolution, its tasks, its programme, tactics and meicilessly the resistance put up by the over- and slogans, as well as the correct principles and forms thrown oppressor classes. of organization. The high reputation the P.K.I. enjciyed in the eyes of the Indonesian people had been earned through its heroism in fighting imperialism during the Whot Should the August Revolution of 1945 Hove Done time of Dutch colonial domination and of the fascist With Regord to the Stote Power? Japanese occupation. Nevertheless, this high reputa- tion of the P.K.I. had failed to establish the P.K.I. As a prerequisite, the August Revolution of 1945 leadership in the August Revolution of 1945. should have smashed the colonial state machine along with all of its apparatuses that had been established to This theoretical shortcoming and inability to make maintain colonial domi.nation of Indonesia, and not a concrete analysis of the concrete situation of the merely transfered power 'The the to the Republic of Indo- world and of Indonesia had resulted in that the P.K.I. nesia. August Revolution of 1945 should have was unable to make use of this highly favourable op- established a completely new state, a state jointly ruled portunity given August by the Revolution of 1945 to by all the anti-imperialist and anti-feudal classes under overcome its shortcomings. The P.K.I. did not consis- the leadership of the working class. This is what.is tently lead armed struggle Dutch impe- the against to be called a people's democratic state. rialism, did not develop guerrilla warfare that was inte- grated w'ith the democratic movement of the peasants, as Due to the absence of the rvorking class' leader- the only lvay to defeat the war of aggression launched ship, the Republic of Indonesia was inevitably a state by the Dutch imperialists. On the contrary, the P.K.I. ruled by the bourgeoisie, despite the participation of even approved of and itself followed the policy of reac- the proletariat. A state with such a class character tionary compromises of Sjahrir's Right-wing socialists. can never become an instrument of the 1945 August P.K.I. The did not establish the alliance of the working Revolution. Without the dictatorship of people's class and the peasantry and did not lead the anti-feudal democracy, the August Revolution of 1945 did not have struggle in the countryside, and did not establish, an instrument to defeat its enemies, and consequently o4 the basis. of such a worker-peasant alliance, a lvas unable to accomplish its tasks, namely the com- united front with all other democratic forcres. The plete liquidation imperialist domination and the P.K.I. did not consolidate its strength, on the contrary, of remnants fstrflalisrn. it even relegated to the bac,kground its own role. These sf are the reasons why the August Revolution of 1945 The voluntary withdrawal of a cabinet led by the not proceed as should, did it did not achieve the deci- Communists in 1948 had opened up the broadest op- sive victory, and finaliy failed in reaching its objective portunity for the reactionary bourgeoisie led by goal. Muhamad Hatta to make the state power fall into its hands. This reactionary bourgeoisie then betrayed the The Moin Problem of Every Revotution ls the August Revolution by unleashing white terror, the Problem of Stote Power Madiun Affair, as a prelude to the restoration of the Dutch imperialist interests through the conclusion of It is an absolute condition for every revolutionary, despicable agreement of the round-table con- and eveo more so for every Communist, to grasp the the ference, which turned Indonesia into a semi-colonial truth that "the main problem of every revolution is the problem of state power." and semi-feudal eountry. revolutionary struggle of The oppressed classes, in liberating themselves The resurgence of the from exploitation and oppression, have no other way the Indonesian people in continuing the fight against but to make a revolution, that is to say, overthrowing imperialist domination and the remnants of feudalism by force the oppressor classes from state power, or after the round-table conference, had gained certain seizing state power by force. Because, the state is an politieal victories of partial and reform nature, which instrument created by the ruling classes to oppress the had led to the Iessening of the anti-democratic char- ruled classes. acter of the bourgeois power. But, for a genuine people's revolution in the pres- It was a great mistake to assume that the existence ent modern era, it is not enough just to wrest the of such a government signified a fundamental change power from the hands of the oppressor classes, and to in the class character of the state power. It was make use of the power that has been wrested. Marx equally incorrect to assume that the above-mentioned has taught us that the destruction of the old military- facts marked the birth and the development of an lqfi"g 74. 1967 19 --+.--,-*ra aspect representing the interests of the people, or of a and oppression by imperialism and the remnants of prepeople aspect, rvithin the state power. feudalism, and therefore are still far away from inde- pendence and liberation. Such an error. that was formulated in the "theory of two aspects in state power," led to the erroneous The rule of the military dictatorship of the Right- conclusion that within the state power of the Republic rving army generals led by Suharto-Nasution and their of Indonesia there existed two aspects, the anti-people accomplices, a rule of the bureaucrat-capitalist, the com- aspect con-sisting of comprador, bureaucrat capitalist prador and the landlold classes, far from reducing the and lanClord classes on the one hand, and the "pro- exploitation of the Indonesian people by imperialism people a- 20 Pektng Reuieu, Na. 29 tion. Only by taking the road of armed struggle, the the correct tactics, it is of the utmost importance to Indonesian people will succeed in overthrowing the master the chief form of struggle, namely the armed power of the armed counter-revolutionaries, as a pre- struggle whieh relies on the support of the peasantry. condition to realize their aspiration for which they All of this can be realized only when the pr-oletariat have fought for scores of years: independence and has its own political party, the P.K.L, which is entirelv liberation. guided by the revolutionary Marxist-Leninist theory, The armed struggle to defeat armed counter-rev- and free from aIl kinds of opportunism. olution, as a revolution, must not be waged in the form 2. The pre-condition for the complete realization of military adventurism, in the form of a putsch, which of the task of the 1945 August Revolution instead of is detached from the awakening of the popular masses. merely seizing the state power from foreign imperial- Since the present stage of the Indonesian revolu- ism and transferring it to the Republic of Indonesia, tion is essentially an agrarian revolution by the peas- should be the smashing of the whole machinery of the antry, the armed struggle of the Indonesian people, colonial regime and establishment of a completely new too, essentially will be the armed struggle of the peas- state, namely the dictatorship of people's democracy, ants to liberate thernselves from the oppression by the the joint power of all anti-imperialist and anti-feudal remnants of feudalism. The armed struggle against the classes under the leadership of the working class. The armed counter-revolution can never be lasting and in dictatorship of peopie's democracy, as an instrument of the end will surely be defeated, unless it is essentially the r-rew-type bourgeois-democratic revolution, should an armed struggle of the peasants in realizing the suppress by force of arms and mercilessly all the enemies agrarian revolution. And the armed struggle of the of the revolution. and ensure for the people the broadest peasants to realize the agrarian revolution will only democratic rights. sueceed in achieving a complete victor;,. and in really 3. The emancipation of the Indonesian people liLrerating the peasantry from the oppression by the from exploitation and oppression by imperialism and remnants of feudalism, only when it is waged under the remnants of feudalism be attained only the leadership of the proletariat, and when it is not can through the road of revolution which rvill surely take place once iimited to just orrerthrowing the power of the landlords again, a revolution that has the same character as the in the countryside, but is aimed at smashing the entire 1945 August Revolution, that is to say a new-type bour- power of the internal counter-revolutionaries who are gecis-democratic revoiution. The primary task of the now represented by the military dictatorship of the coming revolution is the destruetion of the power of Right-wing army generals, headed by Suharto-Nasu- the internal counter-revolutionaries who are now l'ep- tion, and their accomplices. resented by the military dictatorship of the Right- wing generals, Suharto-Nasution, and their accomplices, Conclusions through an armed struggle. The armed struggle to defeat the armed counter-revolution will be victorious By studying once more the problems of the August only when it is essentially an armed struggle of the Revolution of 1945, we can draw some conclusions peasantry to realize the agrarian revolution. And the which are of the greatest importance for the Indonesian armed struggle of the peasantry to realize the agrarian proletariat and its vanguard, the P.K.I., in facing their revolution will be victorious only when it is waged future task. under the leadership of the proletariat and is aimed at 1. The August Revolution of 1945, as a nerv-type smashing the porver of all internal counter-revolution- bourgeois-democratic revolution whose mission is to ary forces. completely liquidate the domination of imperialism and 4. The tasks faced by the Party for leading the the remnants of feudalism, would have achieved vic- people's democratic revolution to victory are: tory only if it was led by the proletariat. In order to establish its leadership in the new-type bourgeois-dem- First: To continue to rebuild the P.K.I. along the ocratic revolution the proletariat should, above all, Marxist-Leninist line, to be a Party which is free from form an alliance with the peasantry, and on the basis all kinds of opportunism and is consistent in fighting of this worker-peasant alliance that is 1ed hy the against. subjectivism and modern revisionism, while at working class, establish a revolutionary united front the same time to continue to arouse, organize and mo- with all other revolutionary classes and groups. The bilize the masses, especially the workers and the peas- proletariat can fuifii its n-rission as the leader of the rev- ants. olutionary united front only when it has correct pro- Second: To be ready to lead a protracted armd gramme and tactics are which acceptable to its allies to struggle which is integrated with the agrarian revolu- guidance be the for the revolution, only when it has tion of the peasants in the countryside. a strong organization, and only when it gives an ex- ample in the realization of national tasks. As tor the Third: To form a united front of all the forces that correct programme, it is of the utmost importance to are against the military . dictatorship of the Right- have a rerrolutionary agrarian programme to forge the wing army generals, headed by Suharto-Nasution, a alliance of the working class and the peasantry. As for united front that is based on the alliance of the work- JuLy 14, 1967 21 -=:=-::==e ing class and the peasantry under the leadership of the Let us, with the firmest determination and by proletariat. These are the Three Banners of the Party wholeheartedly dedicating our strength and ability, in the people's democratic revolution. meet the caII of the coming task, to overthrow the rule of the military dictatorship of the Right-wing army The iirternational proletariat, and all the people generals, Suharto and Nasution, the leaders of the in- who are figbting against imperialism, are the ally of the ternal counter-revolutionaries, in order to pave the way coming Indonesian revolution. U.S. imperialism, the towards the new Indonesia which is free from the ringleader of the world counter-revolution, despite the domination of imperialism and the remnants of feudal- help rendered by the Khrushchovite modern revision- ism. ists- is facing an ignominiouo and inevitable defeat in (Bold-face emphases and quotatio& nxatks Yietnasl are in the original') Spring Thunder Over Indis A PEAL of thunder has crashed over the land of India. ruthlessly exploits the Indian people. Internationally, fL ggvelulionary peasants in the Darjeeling area have while continuing to be dependent on its old suzerain, risen in rebellion. Under the leadership of a revolu- British imperialism, it throws itself into the lap of its tionary group of the Indian Communist Party, a red new boss, U.S. imperialism, and the latter's number area of rural revolutionary armed struggle has been one accomplice, the Soviet revisionist clique, thus sell- established in India. This is a development o[ tremen- ing out the national interests of India on a big scale. dous significance. for the Indian people's revolutionary Thus imperialism, Soviet revisionism, feudalism and struggle. bureaucrat-comprador capitalism weigh like big mountains on the backs of the Indian people, especial- In the past few months, the peasant masses in this ly on the toiling masses of workers and peasants. The area, led by the revolutionary group of the Indian Com- Congress government has intensified its suppression munist Party, have thrown off the shackles of modern and exploitation of the Indian people and its pursuit of and. their trammels, They have revisionism smashed the policy of national betrayal in the last few years. seized grain, land and weapons {rom the landlords and As a result, famine has stalked the land year after year. plantation owners, punished the local tyrants and People dying common sight. The vicious gentry, and ambushed the reactionary troops of starvation is a people, above peasant and police sent to suppress them, thus demonstrating masses of the Indian all the the enormous might of the peasants' revolutionary masses, have found life impossible. The revolutionary armed struggle. All imperialists, revisionists, corrupt peasants in the Darjeeling area have now risen in re- officials, local tyrants and vile gentry, and reactionary bellion, in violent revolution. This is the prelude to a army and police are nothing in the eyes of the revolu- violent revolution by the hundreds of miliions of peo- tionary peasants who are determined to strike them ple throughout India. The Indian people will certainly dotrn to the dust. The revolutionary group of the cast these brg mountains from their backs and win Indian Communist Party has done the absolutely cor- complete emancipation. This is the general .trend of rect thing and done it well. The Chinese people Indian history r*-hich no force on earth can check or enthusiastically applaud this revolutionary storm.of the hinder. Indian peasants in the Darjeeling area as do all road Indian revolution is a Marxist-Lcninists and . revolutionary people of the What to take in the whole s'orld. fundamental question affecting the success or failure of the revolution and the destiny of the 500 million The Indian peasants' rebellion and the Indian peo- Indian people. The Indian revolution must take the ple's revolution are inevitable; reactionary Congress road of relying on the peasants, establishing base areas rule has left them no alternative. India under Congress in the countryside, persisting in protracted armed strug- rule, though nominally independent, in fact is stili a gle and using the countryside to encircle and finaliy semi-colonial, semi-feudal country. The Congress capture the cities. This is Mao Tse-tung's road, the road government repr€sents the interests of the Indian that has led the Chinese revolution to victory, and the feudal princes, big landlords and bureaucrat-comprador only road to victory for the revolution of all oppressed capitalists. Internally, it mercilessly oppresses and nations and people. Z2 Peking Retieut, No. 29 tlr li As long as 40 years ago our great leader Chairman are using the cities for attaeks on the rural digtricts, Mao Tse-tung pointed out: "In China's central, south- and in this way gradually to achieve the cornplete vic- ,l I ern and. northern prov.inees, sevetal hundred million tory of the revolution through protracted fighting.,, peasants will rise like a mighty storm, like a hurri- India is an enormous country; countryside, cane, a force so swift and violent that no power, how. the where the reactionary rule is weak, provides ex- ever great, will be able to hold it back. They witl the tensive areas revolutionaries can smash all the trammels that bind them and rush for- in which the manoeuvre freely. So long ris the Indian proletarian ward along the road to liberation. They will sweep all revolutionaries adherre to the revolutionary line of the imperialists, warlords, corrupt officials, local Marxism-Leninism, Mao Tse-tung's and rely on tyrants and evil gentry into their grayes." thought their great ally, the peasants, it is entir'ely possible for Chairman Mao explicitly pointed out long ago that them to establish one advanced revolutionary rural the peasant question oceupies an extremely important base area 4fter another in the huge backrvard rural place in the people's revolution. The peasants con- areas and build a people's army of a new type. What- stitute the main force in the national-democratic rev- ever difficulties and twists and turns the Indian revolu- olution against imperialism and its lackeys; they are the tionaries may experience in the coulse of building such most reliable and numerous allies of the proletariat- revolutionary base areas, they will eventually develop India is a vast semi-colonial and semi-feudal country them from isolated points into a vast expanse, from with a population of 500 million, the absolute majorit5r small 61s65 into extensive ones, in a wave-like ex- of which is the peasantry. Once aroused, these several pansion. Thus, a situation in which the cities are en- hundred million Indian peasants will become the in- circled from the countryside will gradually be brought vincible force of the Indian revolution. By integrating abotit in the Indian revolution to pave the way for the with the peasants, the Indian proletariat will be able final seizure of the cities and winning nationwide vic- to bring a'bout earth-shaking changes in the enormous tory. countryside, and defeat any powerful enemy in a soul- The Indian reactionaries are panic-stricken by stirring people's war. developments in the rural armed struggle in Darjeeling. Our great leader Chairman Mao teaches us: "The They have sensed imrninent disaster and they wail in qiizure of power by armed force, the settlement of the alarm that the peasants' revolts. there will "become a issue by war, is the central task and the highest form national disaster." Imperialism and the Indian reac- of revolution. This Marxist-Leninist principle of rev- tionaries are trying in countless ways to suppress this olution holds good universally, for China and for all armed struggle of the Darjeeling peasants and nip it other countries." in the bud. The Dange renegade clique and the hand- The specific feature of the Indian revolution, like ful of revisionist headmen of the Indian C. P. are that of the Chinese revolution, is armed revolution vigorously slaadering and attacking the revolutionaries revolutionary fighting armed counter-revolution. Armed struggle i.s in the Indian Communist Party and the the only correct road for the Indian revolution; there is peasants in Darjeeling for their great exploits. The so-, no other road whatsoever. Such trash as "Gandhiism," called "non-Congress government" in West Bengal "the parliamentary road" and the like are opium used openly sides with the reactionary Indian Government in by the Indian ruling classes to dope the Indian people. its bloody suppression of the revolutionary peasants in, Oniy by relying on violent revolution and taking the Darjeeling. This is added proof that these renegades road of armed struggle can India be saved and the In- and revisionists are running dogs of U.S. imperialism dian people achieve complete liberation. Specifically, and Soviet revisionism and stooges of the big Indian this means to boldly arouse the peasant masses, build ]andlords and bourgeoisie. What they call the "non- landlords up and expand the revolutionary armed forces, deal Congress government" is only a tool of these with the armed suppression of the imperialists and and bourgeoisie. reactionaries, who are temporarily stronger than But no uatter how well the imperialists, Indran revolutionary- forces by using the - the whole set of redctionaries and the modern rev'isionists may co-' the flexible strategy and tactics of people's war per- operate in their sabotage and suppression, the torch of sonally worked out by Chairman Mao, and to per- armed struggle lighted by the revolutionaries in the severe in protracted armed struggle and step by step Indian Communist Party and the revolutionary peas- seize the victory of the revolution. ants in Darjeeling will not be put out. "A single spark In the light of the characteristics of the Chinese can start a prairie fire." The spark in Darjeeling will revolution, our great leader Chairman Mao has pointed start a prairie fire and will certainly set the vast ex- out the importance of establishing revolutionary rural panses of India ablaze. That a great storm of revolu- base areas, Chairman Mao teaches us: in order to tionary armed struggle will eventually sweep across persist in protraeted armed struggle and defeat im- the length and breadth of India is certain. Although perialism and its lackeys, "it is imperative for the rev- the course of the Indian revolutionary struggle wiII be olutionary ranks to turn the backward villages into ad- long and tortuous, the Indian revolution, guided by the vanced, consolidated base areas, into great military, great Marxism-Leninism, Mao Tse-tung's thought, wiJl political, economie and cultural bastions of the rev- surely win final victory. olution from whieh to fight their vicious enemies who ("Renmin Ribao" editorial, Julg 5.) July 14, 1967 23 :-:L - -- , -*,::d Revolutions and revolutionary wars are inevitable in class society, and without them it is impossible to accomplish any leap in social development and to overthrow the reactionary ruling classes and therefore impossible for the people to win political power. - Mao Tse-tung, On Contradtction Roising the Red Flog in lndia The Dorjeeling Peosont Armed Struggle A PEASANT armed struggie base has been set up in lished their own political power and organized peasants' fL 16" eountryside in Darjeeling District, West Bengal societies. Trampling in the dust the reactionary gov- State, under the leadership of the revolutionaries in ernment's law which protects the landlords' property, the Indian Communirst Party. A glowing spark of the they occupied by force the estates of the landlords, fire of revolutionary armed struggle launched by the plantation owners and reactionary governrnent. They Indian people under the guidance of Mao Tse-tung's plowed the land, drove away tJ:e plantation owners, thought, it represents the general orientation of the In- used for,ce to harvest the paddy in the fields of the land- dian revolution at the present stage. Iords, seized grain, guns and ammunition from the homes of the big landlords, collected money and grain A Red District from the landlords, and forbade hoarding and specula- tion. They established people's courts to try and Indian papers have disclosed armed that this punish the local bullies and bad gentry. Ignoring the struggle area is located around the three villages of reactionary government's order prohibiting assembly of Naxalbari, Kharibari and Phansidewa Siliguri Sub- in more than four persons and forbidding the carrying of Division of Darjeeling District in the rnountainous area weapons, they held armed demonstrations and moved of north West Bengal. This Red district, estab- first about in armed groups. lished in early March, covers an area of some 2?0 square miles and has a population of 80,000. For nearly In the hamlets the organized peasants, armed with four months since its formation, it has withstood en- bows and arrows, guarded their homes day and night circlement by the White regime. NearlS, 20 hamlets against police "sweeps." They set up alarm systems to where the revolutionary power is comparatively strong warn the villagers of the police's approach. have raised the red flag. Defeoting Counter-Revolutionory Duol Toctics In 1965, the revolutionaries in the Indian Com- munist Party in Siliguri put forward the slogan of arm- Soon after the armed struggle area was established, ing the peasants and setting up rural bases in prep- the Indian reactionaries resorted to counter-revolu- aration for armed struggle. For two years they devoted tionary double-dealing political deception and armed suppression to clamp- down on the people's revolu- themselves to mobilizing and organizing the peasants. - After the fourth general elections in early March this tionary armed struggle. year, a non-Congress "united front" government in In mid-May, the West Bengal state government q,hich members of the Indian Communist Party partic- sent a land and revenue minister to Naxalbari to induae ipated was formed in West Bengal (see Peking Reaiew, the local people to lay down their arms and seek a No. 24. p. 33). It served as a tool of the Indian reac- "political settlement." But the revolutionaries in the tionaries to deceive the people and benumb their rev- Indian Communist Party who led the struggle refused olutionary militancy. Then the members of the Indian to meet him. Communist Party in the state who want to make rev- When these "soft" tactics failed, the state govern- olution unfolded a movement of "deserting the united ment resorted to a hard line. It dispatched large num- front government" and "joining the Darjeeting bers of armed police to Naxalbari. However, the re- struggle." They went to Naxalbari and other villages belling peasants successfully ambushed the rcectionary to lead and organize the peasants to carry out the troops and police sent out on "mopping-up" operations. agrarian armed struggle. On May 24, when a police team went to Naxalbari Led by the revolutionaries !n the Indian Com- to "round up" and arrest the peasantrs taking part in munist Party, poor peasants and farm labourers began the struggtre to seize land, they were ambushed and to arm thernselves by the thousands. They estab- encireled by 400 armed peasants. Four police officers 24 Peking Reui,etn, No. 29 i i were wounded. On May 25, a police party led by the Siliguri sub-divisional officer and the deputy superin- The Dorjeeling District tendent of police went to a place near Naxalbari to fire Darjeeling in West Bengal State is moun- on the peasants harvesting the paddy in the fietds of a tainous district of great strategic significance in the landlords. They were attacked by armed peasants, northern India. Situated not far Bihar and one of the party being kil1ed and three others wounded. from Assam States, its 1,100 square miles border on On May 26. 500 peasants encircled a landlord who had several neighbouring Naxalbari is guns in his house. Altogether, in various conflicts in countries. only 4 miles frcm Nepal, 30 mites from Sikkim, 14 miles late May, one police offiaer and over ten policemen from East Pakistan and 60 miles from China's vuere killed and the rebellious peasants eliminated the Tibet. Siliguri is a trading and communication police stations in the three viliages. centre through which runs the only raiiway link- When this rsuppression failed, West Bengal Chief ing Assam with other parts of India. Minister Mukherjee (member of the Bengaii Congress Darjeeling bistrlct is West Bengal's n-rajor Party which split from the Congress Party) went per- tea-producing area. It also produces rice and other sonally to Siliguri on I\Iay 27 and. called an emergency grain. Large tracts of its land have been seized meeting of distlict officials of north West Bengal to plot by plantation owners and landlords who brutally further moves. exploit and oppress the labouring people. Most In mid-June. Nlukherjee sent two companies of of the population are Santhals and other tribes- police from Caicutta to reinforce Siliguri and prepare men, the majority being landless farm labourers for suppres,sion of the people's armed struggle. Troops who are the most heavily exploited and oppressed. a"nd police aiso blockaded the frontiers in Darjeeling Of the 60,000 acres of farmland in Siliguri, bordering Pakistan and Nepal. Meanrvhile, six state 19,000 acres belong to the Indian Government and ministers were sent on June 12 to Naxaibari for poiitical the rest to t}'re big iandlords. Under the protec- manoeuvring. They tried to fool the 1oca1 people with tion of the promises that the government authorities would "pay Congress gov- immediate attention" to their complaints. At the same ernment. the time they issued an ultimatum, threatening that the big landlords governn-ient would resort to armed force after June 20. and plantation T]re llindustan Standard admitted on June 20 that "for owl)ers often three days the six ministers s'orked ver.v hard to bring forcibll' occLipy r.r,hat they called the 'misguided' leaders to the ccn- land reclaimed ference table. but their . . efforts could make no b;v the poverty- headrvay against the increased tempo of lawlessness stlicken peas- in the affected areas-" ants and plun- of The Darjeeling peasant armed struggle has greatly der them their crops. encouraged the revolutionary people of West Bengal and has had wide repercussions throughout India. On June 27, the revolutionary masses staged a demon- ment in West Bengal. Ho'uvever, the Congress high stration in front of the West Bengal state assembly command vetoed this proposal, feeling that they need house in Calcutta to support the Darjeeling armed this "non-Congress" government to put out the revolu- struggle led by the revolutionaries in the Indian Com- tioqary fire in Darjeeling. munist Party. They shouted: "Red Salaam (salute) to What is rvorth special attention is the fact that the Naxalbari!" and "Dor,vn r,r'ith the revisionists!" They reactionary central government is not frightened of the also raised slogans in praise of Mao Tse-tung's thought. West Bengal government in a number of Indian "vhich As revealed in the Indian press and Western nelvs Communists are in power, but allotvs this "non-Con- agencies, peasant armed action irs "on the rise" in many gress" government to continue as part of the apparatus areas of West Bengal and "more and more places are for its own reactionary rule. Horvever. when the peas- developing in the direction of becoming 'Naxalbari dis- ants' armed struggle led by revolutionaries within the tricts.' " Indian Communist Party started in three villages in the state, this made the reactionary central government Ponic-Stricken Reoctionory Goyernment quake with fear. This clearly proves that "peaceful This situation has greatly alarmed India's central transition," the "parliamentary road" and other re- government. Congress Party President Kamaraj rushed vis:onist rvares cater to the needs of reactionary rulers. b.ack to Neru Delhi from the state of Madras, and the Only through revolutionary armed struggle can thc first meeting he held rvith Indian Prime Minister Indira reactionaries l:e dealt heavy blows; only in this way can Gandhi on June B was to discuss the West Bengal situa- the foundations of reactionary rule be shaken. tion. On June 13 Interior llvlinister Chavan's report to parliament on Naxalbari touched off a heated row Thirtv-seven years ago, summing up the experience w,ithin the Congress PartSr. Some members advocated of the Bod political power of the Chir-rerse \\'/orker- a presidential take-over of the "non-Congress" govern- peasant arrned independent regime, Chairman Mao July 14, 1967 25 ,#i ., i rsrote in his article A Single Spark Can Start a Preiriz Like pre-liberation ,Ch na, India is a semi-colonial Fire: u. . . iu semi-colonial Chiaa the estahlishrnent and and semi-feudal country. To liberate themeeh,es. the cxpansion of the Bed Army, the grrerrilla fcrces and the Indian people must proceed along the path pointed out Red areas is tle highest form of peasant struggle under by Cornrade Mao Tse-tung. The establishment of the the leadership of the proletariat, the inevitable outcome Darjeeling peasant armed struggle area under the of the grortL of the semi-col,onial peasant strqggle, and leadership of the revolutionaries in the Indian Com- undoubtedty the most important tactor in accelerating munist Party shows that the Indian people have begun ttc rcrohtboary high tide throughout the tountry." to ,advance along this victorious road. Chinese Red Guords Will Unite cnd Fight Side By Side With Albonion Youth :For Ever - Yuo Wen-yuon's Congrotu[otory Speech to 5th Congress of Albonion Union of Working Youth - The Fifth Congress of the Union of Working at the Fifth Congress of the Albanian Party of Labour. Youth of Albania usas helil in Ti.rana Jrom June 26 We Red Guard fighters extend our warmest congratuia- to 29. An the atternoon of June 26 Comrade Yao tions on these achievements! Wen-yuan, leadEv of the Chinese Red Gw,rd. delega- The Albanian people and their youth, holding high tion, deliuered a congratulatory speech to the ccngress. the militant banner of opposing U.S. imperialism, Fcllowing is tlw {ull tert.-8d^ resolutely oppose its policies of aggression and war, and firmly support the Vietnamese people's just war against Dear Comrailes, Corrades-in-arms! U.S. aggression and for national salvation, the Arab people's just struggle against the aggression mounted We the C&inese Red Guard detregation wish to by U.S. and British imperialism and their lackey, Israel, gr.eetings convey to the Fifth Congress of the Albanian the national-liberation movements in Asia, Africa and Union of Working Youth from our great leader Chair- Latin America, and the anti-imperialist, revolutionary fighters, man Mao'! On behalf of all Chinese Red Guard struggles of all the peoples of the world. You are worthy proletarian we extend militant salute to the comrades of the name of a seasoned, indomitable shock brigade attending this congress! We pay our highest and warm- in the fight against imperialism. est respects to the Albanian people and youth, to the Albanian Party of Labour and to the great leader of The people oI Albania and their youth, holding the Albanian people and close friend of the Chinese high the revolutionary banner of Marxism-Leninism people Comrade Enver Hoxha! and taking a clear-cut, uncompromising principled stand, have dealt forceful blows at the Soviet revision- Taught by Chairman Mao Tse-tung and nurtured ist renegade clique, the Tito renegade clique and other Tse-tung, by the thought of Mao we Chinese Red renegades and scabs of all strlpes. You harre exposed Guards have now had a year's experience in fighting: without let-up the crimes of the Soviet modern revi- However, thls is the first tirne that we have sent dele- sionist renegade clique in serving as an accomplice of gates a,broad to .attend a mnference. We arc especially U.S. imperialism and betraying the interests of the happy that the first international con-ference we attend Soviet people and the peoples' revolution. You have one held you Albanian comrades, closest is by our exposed in good time the dirty tricks and deceptive comrades-in-arms, and that the first country we visit methods by which the Soviet revisionists have tried to is heroic Albania which holds high the revolutionary patch up their rickety revisionist cart. You have relent- red banner of Marxism-Leninism. This is another vivid lessly exposed the reactionary nature of ,the sinister proof of the unbreakable militant friendship of our two counter-revolutionary meeting at Karlovy Vary con- Parties and of the youth and people of our two coun- vened by Brezhnev, Kosygin and other new European tries! scabs. You have criticized and repudiated the "middle Under ttre eorrect leadership of the glorious Ai- road"' fallaey. You have energetically supported the ,banian Party of Labour headed by the great com- proletarian revolutionaries in Europe and counlries munist fight€r Cornrade Enver ltroxha, the Albanian in other parts of the world anC energetically supported Union of Working Youth and the broad masses of the Left youth organizations in their struggles against .A.lbania's revolutionary youth, together with the work- irnperialism and moderp revisionism. You have set a ing people,of the whole counl.ry, have made tremendous glor:ious example for all the rer.olutionary youth of 'achievernents in fulfilling the fighting tasks laid down the w'orld ! 26 Peking Rerieu, No. 29 Comrade Hoxha Receives Chinese Red Guard Delegatien COMRADE ENVER HOXIIA, the respected and be'. cultural revolution and the Chinese Red Guard move- v loved great leader of the Albanian people and the ment which are without parallel in history. He closest friend of the Chinese peopie, received the expressed the hope that the Chinese Red Guards Chinese Red Guard delegation led by Comrade Yao wouid make still greater contributions to the great Wen-yuan on July B in Tirana. prol,etarian cultural revolution. Present on the occasion were Hysni Kapo, Mem- Comrade Hoxha wished Chairman Mao always in ber of the Political Bureau, and of the Secretariat, good health and requested the Chinese delegation to of the Central Committee of the Albanian Party of convey the Albanian people's highest revolutionary Labour; Behar Shtylla, I\Iember of the Party's Cen- salute to Chairman Mao, Vice-Chairman Lin Piao, tral Committee; Agim Mero, First Secretary of the Premier Chou En-lai and other leading comrades of Central Committee of the Albanian Union of Work- the Central Committee of the Comrnunist Party of ing Youth, and Piro Bita. Director of the International China. Department Under the Pariy's Central Committee. Liu Hsiao, Chinese Ambassador to Albania" ',vas also Standing arm in arm with the young Chinese Red present. Gualds, Comrade Hoxha trvice posed for group pho- tographs. guests leave, Comrade Hoxha had an extremely friendly, cor- lVhen the Chinese took their dial and sincere talk with the members of the Chi- Comrade Hoxha w'armly shook hands u,ith and tightiy nese delegation. He paid glowing tribute to the hugged them. great militant friendship and revolutionary unity be- On July 7 Mehmet Shehu, Chairman cf the tween the trvo Parties of Albania and China and Albanian Council of Nlinisters, received and had an betlr.een the peoples and the youth of the two coun- extremeiy cordial. and friendly tatrk with all mem- tries. He spoke highly of China's great proletarian bers of the Chinese Red Guard delegation. The Albanian people and their youth, powerfully selfless devotion to the public interest is th,e b.est proof holding aloft the banner of ideological and cultural rev- of the infinite might of ideologicai revolutionization. olution, are mounting further attacks on the ideology of The socialist construction in Albania is advancing the bourgeoisie and other exploiting classes. Under the triumphantly along the line set by the Fi{th Congress Ieadership of the Albanian Party of Labour and Com- of the Party of Labour. The Albanian people have ra JuLg 11, 1957 27 ,.,-''Fa.-':=, .{s a result of your new succ€€s,es in the class struggles lapse and socialism is advancing to worldwide victor]'- at horne and internationally and in socialist construc- It is the guiding principle for all the work of our tion. this beacon of sociaiism becomes ev'er brighter. Palty and coun{ry." Ihese achievements are a tribute to the h'eroic Albanian The fuirdamental question of revolution is that of people and youth, to the giorious Aibanian Party of state power. The theory of the dictatorship of the r abcur and to the great Marxirst-Lenin:st, Conlrade proletariat is the core of the revolutionary theory of Hcsha. Marxism-Leninism. Among Chairman Mao's great crea- Comrades! flnder the gui.Cance of the proietarian tive contributions in inhei'iting, defending and develop- revoluticnary line represen'led by Chairman Mao and ing Marxisin-Leninism in an ail*round way, one of the thlough one year's vigcrous ntass mcvenrent, the great most important is his creative, epoch-making develop- proietarian cultural revolution in oltr country, r'vhich ment of th,e Marxist-L,eninist theory of the dictator- is unprecedent,ed, has won great historic victories. The ship of the proletariat, l'ris deep analysis of the con- situation both in revolution and production is excellent. tradictions, classes and class struggles in socialist society, his summation ol the historical expetience of great revciution in our The proletarian cultural the dictatorship of the ploletariat. his expounding of creatit'rg the condilions for a new leap in country is the law of class struggle in socialist society and his sccialist construction. Amidst the scngrs of triumph formulation of a whole series of theories, principles and haiiing the decisive victories r'r,on in the gleat prole- policies concerning the questior-r of maklng revolution cultural revolrrtion in our country, China has tarian under the dictatorship of the ploletariat. successfully exploded its first hydrogen bomb! This ls a new victory of Chairman Mao's proletarian revolu- Th'e great proletarian cultural revolution . is a tionary line! This is another brilliant success in the levoli"rtion under the dictatorship of the proletariat, a great proletarian cultural revolution! It indicates that great revolution beir,g rvaged ur-rder the ieadership of China's scienc,es, technology, industriai production and the Party's Central Committee headed by Chairman national defence capabilities have be,en raised to a new Mao and by boldly arousing hundreds of millions of level. It is another heavy blorv to the nuclear- monopoll' people. It began vr'ith the criticism and repudiation of and nuclear blacknail of U.S. imperialism and Soviet leplesentative personalities and representative work.s of revisionism! It has boosted enormously the morale of the bourgeoisie in the realm of ideology and culture the revolutionary people and greatly deflated the and has expcsed a group of Party persons in authority arrogance of imperialism, modern revisionism and the taking the capitalist road. The objective of the nlove- reactionaries of all countri,es. At present, in'dustry and ment is to consolidate the dictatorship of the prole- agriculture in our country are thriving. Industrial pro- tariat and plevent the restoration of capitalism. The period last year both duction far exceeds the same in method used in the movement is ext'ensive democracy quality. summer harvest is good quantity and The a under the dictatorship of the proletariat and under the and heartening one and the autumn crop may also be command of Mao Tse-tung's thought, the extensive a bumper one. airing of views, big-character posters and great debates, After the counter-revoiutionary revisionist clique and thoroughly carrying out the mass line, supporting of Peng Chen, Lu Ting-yi and company was crushed, the proletarian revolutionaries, respecting the initiative the top person in authority taking the capitalist road of the masses and having firm faith in and relying hidden in our Party, a careelist of the Khrushchov on the great majority of the people and cadres. type, has been pulled out by us Red Guards and the masses of our country! The book on "self-cultivation," The tremendous victories of the great proletarian s'hich betrays the dictatorship of the proletariat and cultural revcrlution of our country have once again opposes proletarian revolution, and pubiicizes the proved that the Chinese Communist Party headed by philosophy of selfishness and slavishnerss rvill no longer Comrade Mao Tse-tung is a great, glorious and correct be able tc harm the youth and the revolutionary mas.ses Party. Our country is a mighty country of the dictator- under the cover of Marxism-Leninism! This is a great ship of the proletariat. A1I the intrigues and plots of rictory of Mao Tse-tung's thought! This is a, great the enemy, both at home and abroad, will meet an victor-s- in smashing capitalist restoratlon! This is a ignominious end. great victory for the consol.idation of the dictatorship The U.S. imperialists and Soviet moclern revision- of the proletariat! ists daily fabricate absurd and outlandish rumours to The Communique of the Eleventh Plenary Session slander and attack China's great proletarian cultulal of Eighth Central Committee of the Communist Palty revolurtion. The thing thev fear most is that the rev- of China pointed out: "Comrade Mao Tse-tung is the olutionary people rebel against them and make revolu- greatest Marxist-Leninist of our era. Comrade Mao tion against them. Confronted by the great revolu- Tse-tung has inherited, defend'ed and developed tionary storm of the hundreds of millions of people in Marxism-Leninism rvith genius, creatively and ln an China, they are terrified; they are frightened out all-round way, and has raised it to a completely new of their wits by the gleat strength of the Chinese peo- stage. Mao Tse-tung's thought is Marxism-Leninism of ple shown in the great cuitural revolution. Sensing the era in which imperialism is h,eading for total col- that they will be buried in the angry waves of peo- 28 Peking Reo*iew, No. 29 pie's revolution, they are panic-stricken and raise a have firmly.adhered to the general orientation of the big hue and cry. This proves that China's great pro- struggle in the great cultural revolution. We have tried letarian cultural revolution has hit them where it hurts to unite r,vith the broad masses of j,outh and other most ! people, making the unity of the proletarian revolu- tionaries as the core. As to those who have committed Comrades! The Red Guards the product of are mistakes but do not refuse to iorrect them this unprecedented great proietarian cultural revolution. after repeated education or do not persist in their mistakes, The Red Gr-rard movement is a completely new form rve actively help these people correct their mistakes. of organiza"tion of revolutionary youth rvhich has arisen Studying and rectifying our style while carrying on the to meet the needs of the revolution under the dictator- fight, we Red Guard fighters are learning to swim in ship of proletariat. the The Red Guards constitute the srvimming, learning to make revolution in making vanguald great proletarian of the ctrltural revolution. revolution. We have been constantly promoting the proletarianization When the Red Guards, which is something new, of our ideology, so as to do our best had just emerged on the horizon, they were warmly to be reliable successors to the cause of communism. supported given guidance great and correct by our Comrades! Chairman Mao is the red commander Ieader Chairman Mao. Chairman Mao received more of us Red Guards and we are the tittte red soldiers of than 10 miliion Red Guards from all parts of the Chairman I/Iao. We boundlesslv love and have confi- country. The letter to China's Red Guards written by dence, loyalty and respect for Chairman Mao. Chair- Chairman Mao on August 1 last year is their general man Mao is the red sun which shines most brightly programme. in our hearts. The slogan of the Red Guards is, as Comrade Lin put Chairman Mao said: The revolutionary actions of Piao it: "Study Chairman Mao's writings, the Red Guards show their "wrath against and denun- follow his teachings, act according to his instructions and be his good At present, in ciation of the landlord class, the bourgeoisie, the im- fighters." the course perialists, the revisionists and their running dogs who of the all-out, revolutionary criticism and repudiation, mass movement exploit and oppress the workers, peasants, revolution- a to breatively study and apply the works Chairman Mao ary intellectuals and revolutionary parties and groups, of has emerged on an unprecedented scale and a group of brand-new young and show that it is justified to rebel against reaction- proletarian revolutionary fighters who have mastered aries. I offer you my warm support." the thought of Mao Tse-tung have come into being in Chairman Mao also said: "fn addition, while the course of the struggle. supporting you, we ask you to pay attention to uniting We Chinese Red Guards never for a molTrent forget with all persons that can be united. Regarding those our internationalist obligations. We resolutell' support who have committed serious mistakes, after their mis- the Vietnamese people in their s-ar against U.S. im- takes have been pointed out, the5' too should be given perialist aggression and for national salvation and work and a rvay out fcr correcting their mistakes pledge to back them up fd.l1-l \Ye resolutely' support and turning over a new leaf. llarx said: the proletariat the heloic struggle of the -l.rab people against the U.S. must emancipate not only itself but mankind as a and British imperialists and their lackel- Israel! \Ye whole. emancipating menkiafl whole the Without as a resolutell' support the just stmggl.e of the revolutionarv proletariat cannot achieve final emancipation- Com- people of Asia, Africa and Latin America in taking up rades, please pay attention to this thesis too." arms to overthrow the reactionary rule of U.S. im- This letter from Chairman Mao shows his great perialism and its lackeys! We resolutely support the support, solicitude and encouragement for us Red Left revolutionary organizations in their uncompromis- Guards! It is the supreme instruction to the Red ing struggle against revisionist political parties! We Guards ! warn the U.S. imperialist paper tiger': Chinese Red Guards are the staunch reserve force of the Chinese This letter incisively sho$,s that the nature and People's Liberation Army. We are fully prepared to tasks of the Red Guard,movement are to rebel against rush to the forefront of battle at the first call of our the landlord class, the bourgeoisie, irnperialism; and motherland to smash to smithereens the imperialists revisionism and their running dogs, to rebel against the headed by the United States! handful of Party persons in authority taking the renegade capitalist road, to launch fierce offensives against them, The Soviet modern revisionist clique is now notorious and bankrupt. They brutally suppress and to struggle to the end against all exploiting classes Soviet people. Thcy are collapsing lrom within. and their reactionary ideology. The imperialists and the masks can no longer hide their counter-revolu- modern revisionists have an inveterate hatred for us Their thread-bare flag ot Red Guards becduse $,e want to rebel to the end until tionary hideous features. The they wave has become more and all these pests are wiped out. "united action" which more ineffective. Just like their behaviour in Vietnam. noi/v again played the role of open ,1 This letter frcm Chairman Mao indicates that we they have once must strive to unite with ail who can be united. accomplice of U.S. imperialism in selling out the Adhering to Chairman Mao's teachings, 'uve Red Guards interests of the Arab people and undermining the just Julu 14, 1967 29 .' .lf --, , 1 sar of the Arab people against U.S. and British aggres- the friendship between revolutionaries, the friendship sion. firereby the Soviet modern reviSionist blique between conlrades-in-auns fcr the successful realization enabled the Arab people and the people of the whole of the sacred ideals of socialism and eommunism, there- rr.orld to see more clearly their shameful features-as fore, it is living and green for ever, it wilt be invincible counter-revoludonary traitors, Soviet revisionism and for all tirne." U.S. irnperialism are like a pair of rats scurrSring across the streets and chased by every passer-by. With th,e Comrades! The target of our struggle is the same. .{lbarian comrades, Marxist-Leninists and revolution- Our ardent hearts are ciosely linked. Our hands are ar-r pmple of the whole world, we should carry to the tightly joined in revolution. Our strong revolutionary erd d!€ stnrggle against modern revisionism with the friendship is impossible for any force on earth to smash. So-iet Communist Party leadership as its centre! We In the forthcoming great revolutionary struggle, the bclier.e that the Soviet Communist Party revisionist Chinese Red Guards will certainly follow Chairman rercgade clique will certainly not escape the just juclg- Mao's teaching, learn in earnest from you the prole- Dent at the hands of the Soviet people and ihe tarian revolutionary spirit. and always unite with you, revolutionary people of the whole world ! The Soviet fight side by side with you and win victory together! revolutionary youth and working people will certainly rise in rebellion to thoroughly overthrow the reactionary Victory and success to the Fifth Congress of the ruie of the privileged bourgeois stratum represented by Union of Working Youth of Albania! Brezhnev, Kosygin and company! The brilliant banner of the October Revolution will one day fly over the Long live the Albanian Party of Labour and its Kremlin again! respected and beloved great leader Comrade Enver' Hoxha, leading the youth of Albania on their vietorious Dear comrades-in-arms! advance! Comrade Mao Tse-tung says: ..lVe are your true Long live Comrade L{ao Tse-tung! ftiends and comrades. And you are ours. you are not like those false friends and double-dealers who have Long lil,e great, invincible Marxism-Leninism! 'honey on their lips and murder in their hearts,' and neither are we. Our militant revolutionary friendship Long live the militant friendship between the peo- has stood the test of violent storms.,, ples and the youth of China and Albania! Comrade Enver Hoxha says: ..We treasure very Long live the great unity of the revolutionarlT much the true friendship anrong the peoples.,, ..This is people and the revolutionary youth of the whole w'or'ld! &ElfMIlV EIBr{o Ne Win Resction sry Government Js Courting Doom by Msdly Opposing Chino T a time rvhen U.S. imperialisrn and the Soviet revealed its own reactionar5z features as a traitorous, rer.jslonist ruling clique are whipping up a new dictatorial warlord regime. anti{hinese campaign in the world, especially in those Having perpetrated areas around China, the trte Win reactionary govern- such flagrant atrocities, the Ne Win reactionary government is making ment of Burma. on the instructions of U.S. imperialism all sorts of sly excuses in an attempt to escape rmponsibility and Soviet revisionism, has perfidiously engineered ex- for its crimes. But it I'u'on't do it any good. tremely barbarous fascist atrocities in opposing China and persecuting Chinese nationals, thus committing a The Embassy of the Chinese People's'Republic'in monstrous ' crime against both the Chinese and Burmese Bangoon is the representative mission of. a-gr.eat so- peoples. Openly serving U.S. imperialism and Soviet cialist country and is enCo'*,ed with universally revisionism as their anti-China henchman, it has torn acknowledged diplomatic privileges. The Ne Win reac- to shireds the "Burmese-Chinese friendship,, signboard tionary government went so far as to organize thousancls whieh it had used to deeeive-the peopie, and has nakedly of hooligans to raid the Embassy,-wrecking, damaging, i0. Peking Reoieu, No. 29 s,etting fire to and plundering its property anC com- madJ.y oppose socialist China which staunchly supports mitting murder. It even called out armed troops to the revolutionary struggle of the people of various besiege and bloekade the Chinese Embass;r. Who could countries. It is in fact an inevitable law of the class have committed such fascist outrages except reaction- struggle. aries who have lost all confidence in their own rule? . The Ne Win clique is a gang of fascist hangmen The Chinese experts aiding Burma u'ent there in rvho have risen to potver by suppressing and slaughter- accordance with relevant agreements betrveen th,e two ing the people. As soon as it came to polver in 1962, countries. They were entrusted b1' the Chinese people it carried out a bloody slaughter of patriotic and pro- to promote friendship b,etween the tr.vo peoples. While gressive Burmese students, massacring some one in Burma they have worked and toiled with the masses hundred of them in one stroke. Soon afterrvards, it of the Burmes,e people and helped them heart and soul made mass arrests throughout the country anrl threw in work in the economic, scientific and technological thousands upon thousands of patriotic progressives into fields. Their internationalist spirit and working style jail. To maintain its reactionary rule, the Ne Win clique of plain living and hard work and close contact with has deprived the people of thsir minimum democratic the masses have won the praise of the Burrnese peo- rights and has instituted an undisguised military fascist pie. Now- the Ne Win clique has gone so far as to dictatolship, thus ttrrning those parts of the country' ruthlessly persecute the Chines,e experts and even kill under its rule into a hell on earth in the grip of a lr,'hite cne of them. In thus wildiy persecuting and murder- terror. ing these friends of the Burmese people, that clique has reduced itself to something filthy and contemptible The Ne Win ciique is a bunch of insatiable blood- like dog dung. Can the Burm,ese peopie permit such suckers. Ever since it assumed power, it has been -atrocities? following an economic policy of merciless plunder, bleeding the Burmese working people rvhite rvith its The overwhelming majority of Chinese nationals exploitati.on and extortion. Through "nationalization," living in Burma have lived in friendship with the it has taken over the medium and small industrial and Burmese people and shared u'eal and woe with them commercial enterprises of the national bourgeoisie and for many years. They have made positive contributions petty bourgeoisie. The reactionary policies of the Ne to the Burme.se people's cause of national independence. Win $overnment have thus brought about a selious The Ne Win reactionary government now has gone so economic crisis, bringing bankruptcy to the countr-"-siCe far as to commit murder, arson, plunder and other and stagnaticn to the cities. The people are destitute heinous crimes against them. This is out-and-out and a country noted for its rice production has been gangsterism and racism of the Nazi brand. reduced to a land of famine and starvation. To propagate Mao Tse-tung's thought is the sacr,ed The Ne Win clique is the arch-crirninal in unleash- and inviolable right of Chinese personnel working ing the counter-revolutionary civil rvar in Burrna. Using abroad. It is also absolutely proper and ju,stifi.ed for its reactionary army which is armed and supported the patriotic overseas Chinese to love the great leader through imperiaiist aid, it has been relentiessly Chairman Mao Tse-tung, study his works and wear suppressing the revolutionary armed struggle led by badges with his profile on them. The Ne Win r,eac- the Commr-rnist Party of Burma. This gang of blood- tionary goverirment is scared to death at seeing th,e thirsty, reactionary warlords has gone to the extrem'e overseas Chinese wearing sueh badges, and it has in resorting to brutal force, going aU out to "mop up" whipped up a vicious campaign of opposing China and the revolutionary armed forces. burning dotvn thousands p,ersecuting Chinese nationals. This is itself proof that of villages and turning many others into concentra- the Ne Win clique is a group of savage cowards and a tion camps. Tens of thousands of Communists and band of fiends dreading the light of day. other revolutionary people have been murdered. The basic policy of the Ne Win clique consisls of The Ne Win clique is also a bunch of imperialist dictatorship, national betrayal, anti-comrnunisrn and agents, the biggest traitors in Burma- It has alway$ suppression of the peoptre. This pack of reac{ionary been in ieague with U.S. and British imperialism, Japa- warlords reprbs,ent the interests of the Burmese landlord nese militarism, Soviet revisionism, the Tito clique and and bureaucr:at-capitalist classes. Internally, they have the reactionaries of India" Israel, "Mala5rsia" and In- established a military dictatorship and tried to suppress donesia. anC has pursud a policy of seltring out the the people's armed struggle, rvhile externally they have national interests- It has been on moi:e intimate terms thrown thernselves into the embrace of U.S. and British with U.S. imperialism especially since Ne Win went imperialism and the Sovi,et revisionist ruling clique. and to the United States.in 1966 to seek an audience with have sold out the national interests. At a time when U.S. imperietist chieftain Johnson. Johnson declared the international class struggle is raging mor.^ fierceiy that the U.S. and Burma have "cornmon objectives" than ever and the revolutionary armed forcres ied by and "identical interests." The Sovi.et revisionists are the Communist Party of Burma are daily grorving in also full of praise for the reactionary Ne V/in govern- strength, it is no surprise that the Ne Win reactionary ment. advertising time and again the Ne Win brand of government should b'e bitteriy hostile to and should "socialism." In order to fawn on tT-S. imperialism and Ju,ly 14, 1967 31 -- i'.--!rde the Soviet revisionist clique and to completely hire the weaker the revolution. But contrary to this reac- itself out to them, the reactionary Ne Win government tionary wishful thinking, the fact is that the more the is now franticall.'* opposing China and persecuting the reactionaries resort to massacre, the greater the strength overseas Chinese. Therefore, it is by no means acci- of the revolution and the nearer the reactionaries ap- dental thst its outrages have won acclamation from proach their doom. This is an inexorable law." the U.S. imperialists and Soviet revisionists. The reactionary Ne Win government's rabid anti- The reacticnary Ne Win government hopes to divert China activities and its intensified suppression of the the attention of the Burrnese peopl,e from their growing Burmese p,eople serve only to heighten the revolu- discontent by fanning up chauvinistic feelings and tionary consciousness of the Burmese people and to provoking national conflicts betrveen Burma and China. make them see more clearly that it is their main enemy. This is sheer day-dreaming. When we speak of Sino- Party Burmese friendship, we mean the friendship b,etr,veen The armed struggle led by the Communist rep- the Chinese and Burmese peoples. This is a revolution- of Burma headed by Chairman Thakin Than Tun of ary friendship, a friendshlp cem,ented in battle and a resents the direction of th,e historical development friendship among elose relatives; it is som,ething that Burma. The people of all nationalities throughout no reactionary force can wreck. By trying to under- Burma. rvho are opposed to irnperialism, feudalism and mine the friendship of the Chinese and Burmese peo- the traitorous dictatorship and who stand for friendship p1es, the r,eactionary Ne Win government has made s-ith socialist China. are now, under the leaddrship of itself the common enemy of the two peoples. the Communist Part;- of Burma, closing their ranks more tightly in rebellion against the Ne Win govern- This reactionary government is now relying on ment, and this is taking the form of a revolutionary blood-stained bayonets to prop up its rule. By massacr- people's war. The Burmese pecple ale determined to ing the Burmese people and the overseas Chinese, it overthrow this anti-Communist, anti-popular and has discarded its last shred of deceptive disguise and counter-revolutionary fascist regime and to ruin com- has thus lost the pitiably little political capital it had plete liberation. accumulated. Its criminal actions have aroused the The reactionary Ne Win government is doomed to growing discontent and resistance of the people of all destruction and the Burmese people's democratic revolu- nationalities in Burma. tion will achieve final victory! The great solidarity and Our great leader Chairman Mao Tse-tung teaches militant friendship of the Chinerse and Burmese peoples lrs: "All reactionaries try to stamp out revolution by wiil last for ever ! mass murder, thinking that the greater their massacre, ("Renmin Ribao" editorial, July 10,) The Blood Debts of the Reoction sry Ne Win Government Must Be Repoid T ET us hold high the great red banner of Mao Tse- Li Hsien-nien. M--mber of the Political Bureau of I ' trng'. thought and march ahead along the path the Cerrtlai Committee of the Chinese Communist Party crimson with the m.artyr's btrood!" On July 5, more and Vice-Pr€mier, laid a rvreath in front of the. martyr's than 10.000 revolutionary people in Peking, imbued with portrait and the casket containing his ashes, which revolutionary fervour, hetd a meeting in memory of were flanked by wreaths sent by Comrade Chou En- the late Comrade Liu Yi, the Chinese expert who helped lai, the Cultural Revolution Group Under the Chinese tfre Burmese people in their construction and who fell Communist Party's Central Committe,e, and the Delega- in the struggle to resist the fascist atrocities of the tion of the Central Committee of the Burmese Com- Ne Win government in Burma. munist Party. .reactionary- . The meeting began with everyone? the red book A representative of the Ministry of Water Con- Quotations From Chairman Mao Tse-tung in their servancy and Power, vrhere the late Comrade Liu Yi hands, reading the following teaching of the great worked b,efore going abroad, delivered a speech com- Ieader: "Vlherever there is struggle there is sacrifice, m'emorating him. Comrade Liu Yi, he said, was a good and death is a common occurrence. But we have the member of the Chinese Communist Party,'worthy to be interests of the people and the sufferings of the great calleC a great internationalist and patriot armed with majority at heart, and when we die for the people it Mao Tse-tung's thought, a red soldier in foreign-aid is a worthy death." projects, and a staunch proletarian revolutlonary. ,, Peking Reaiew, No. 29 Coynrade Liu Yi had defended the dignity of the the Communist P:r1y of Burma, to rebel against the motherland rvith his blood and life, defended the Ne Win governn-rent until they achieve their complete resplendent thought of Mao Tse-tung anC the great liberaticn. proletarian cultural revolution movement. His death *** is w-eightier than Mcunt Tai.* On July 6, Hsiao Ming. Charge d'Affaires ad Comrade Thankin Ba Thein Tin, First Vice- interim of the Chinese Embassy in Burma, and other Chairman of the CeiTtral Committee of th,e Communist members of the Embassy werit to the Rangoon General Party of Burma, stepped to the rostrum amid very Hospital to visit and express their sinc,ere regards to warm applause. Comt'ade Liu Yi, he said, had contri- a number of wounded overseas Chinese beaten up by buted to the establishment of Sino-Burmese friendship hooligans at the instigation of the reactionary Burmese with his own b1ood, and the But'mese people would Government. There were 15 whom th'e Bur:mese Gov- never forget this and wou-ld ahvays remember him. (The ernment allorved to b,e visited, all badly wounded. One full text appearis on p. 1C.) expectant mother, Ke Shu-ping, seriously injured in the head and back, suffered a miscarriage after Others who took the floor \,,iere representatives of being hospitalized. Cheng Yi-chu had the ring the Commission for Economic Relations Foreign With {inger and little finger of her right hand cut off. Countries under the State Ccuncil, the Red Guards and Another had received such a rserious head wound that the Chinese Embassy in Burtna. as rvell as Comrade the person could not be identified. Although they had Liu Ya-yun, the b.ereaved vridow. With lhe gr.,eatest been in the hospital for ten days, the reactionary indignation, they most vehemently protested against Burmese authorities still refused to let their relativ'es and denounced l.he anti-China, anti-Chinese fascist visit them. The Burmese officials twice had set up crim,es of the reactionary Ne Win governrn,ent; they difficulties even when members of the Chinese Em- also expressed the Chinese pecple's firm support for bassy went to see them. the Burmese people in their armed sttuggle, led by Comrade Hsiao Ming conveyed to them the concern * An ancient Chinese rrriter sa!d. ''Though death befalls of the great leader Chairman Mao and his close all men alike, it ma5' be \\-eighlier than \Iount Tai or comrade-iu-arms Vice-Chairr-r-ran Lin Piao. Premier Iighler than a feather." Chairman IIao cnce quoted his Chou En-lai and the people of the motheiland: he also saying and said: "To die for the people is rreightier than IVIount Tai." brought them fruit shipped specialll- fr-om China- Ttre Chinese }tinisrrS of Foreign AlfaAs on Juil' 5 tsice sent notes to the Burmese Embassl- in China- The notes most strongly protested to the reactionary Burmese Government for its refusal to let the seriously wounded overseas Chinese return home for medical treatment via regular flights by the Chinese airline, and demanded a guarantee for the safety of the Chinese Embassy personnel sent to make inquiri'es into the per- secution and losses suffered by Chinese nationals in the overseas Chinese quarters in Rangoon and the smooth performance of their functions. Before the botly of the Iate Comrade Liu Yi, Chinese embassy personnel, in a face-to-face encounter with Burmese officials (3rd and 4th from right), angrily dencunce the rea.etionary Burmese Government's fascisl atroeities. The man with the bandaged head is Comracle Tsao Ta-lin, a diplomatic courier, who received four Heavily aililed troops of the reactionary Ne wounds. Win government surround the Chinese Emilassy' JuLa 74, 1967 33 lauik REI{MIN F,'BAO Boldlv Arouse the Mosses ond Expond the Ronks for Struggle Agc inst British Violence tTrEE gigantic joint big strike that started on June businessmen stopped doing business. This mighty mass I 24 and embraced 50.000 Hongkong r,r,orkers, has struggle involving peopie of all trades and professions shaken British imperialism in Hongkong. (See Peking is giving British imperiaiism in Hongkong harder and R*lrieu, No. 27.) It demonstrates the might of the harder blo'.1-s politically and economically. working c1ass. In active response to this big strike, goes patriotic Chinese of other strata residing in Hongkong As the revolutionary mass movement deeper, have followed suit by staging mass struggles in varied the struggle inevitably grolvs more acute and tense. forms. Students refused to attend class; small trades- And as the reactionary forces are approaching their men, vendors and some patriotic industrialists and doom. they inevitably become more frantic. In order to maintain their tottering reactionary rule, the British fascist authorities in Hongkong are putting up a des- perate fight. They have been killing our patriotic compatriots, arresting thousands of them and sentenc- Big 4-Doy Joint Suspension of ing them to prison. They continue to issue fascist Trode in Hongkong orders and sack striking workers en masse. They re- sort to despicable means to coerce and bribe workers qTARTING 100,00O patriotic on June 29, more than other Chinese residents Hongkong so as to \'' shop assistants, vendors, industrialists and busi- and in nessmen in Hongkong staged a big joint four-day undermine their struggie against violence. suspension of trade. Many wholesa-Iers and retailers of foreign goods aiso overcame all the obstacles put Our great leader Chairman Mao teaches: "Iile can in their way by loreign capitalisis and participated defeat the Chinese and foreign reactionaries, no matter in the suspension. In defeating the plots and sabo- tage of the Btitish imperialists in Hongkong and suc- how rarnpant they are (this rampancy is historieally cessfully hoiding the big joint suspension of trade, inevitable and not at all strange)." The rampancy of this huge commercial force against British imperial- not only that ism and its repressive violence has struck a telling all dark forces at home and abroad shows blow at the British authorities in Hongkong. they still have some strength left but that they are In order to sabotage the suspension of trade, the making their death-bed struggle and the people are British authorities sent officials and special agents nearing victory. The British imperialists are like cor- to threaten traders and vendors everywhere with "canceilation of their licences" and "arrest." Thby nered beasts who still struggle, but their days are aiso instigated British and U.S. capitalists .to folce numbered. shops taking part in the suspension of trade to "pay their accounts" so as to make them resume business. At present, the task placed before the patriotic Iio\i.ever, all this was of no avail. This rvas what a press ahead and persevere meat vendor told a policeman who tried to scafe him: Hongkong compatriots is to "In order' to smash the British autholities in Hong- in the struggle against British violence so as to win kong. we will face any danger. Hor,v can the can- great victory. To achieve this aim, it is necessary to cellation of our licenees scare us?" boldly arouse the masses. With the working class as the The head of the British "Agriculture; Fisheries patriotic anti-imperialist forces in and Forestry Department" in Horlgkong, making a nucleus, all and shor of being calm, said: "Hongkong is quite cap- Hongkong that can be trnited should be united and the able of dealing u,,ith the shortage ot non-staple food.,, ranks for struggle sgainst British violence continuously R[ht after this boast, his departrnent tried to seize pigs and oxen from the Chinese mainland which wer-e consolidated and expanded. w'aiting to be sent back because of the suspension of trade. However, thanks to the cleverness of patriotic The struggle of our Hongkong compatriots against workers, the animals were gone befote thc coRv{ly British violence is a struggle between the forces of got ol trucks there, and the British went awey empty- aggression. is a con- handed. aggression and those against It tinuation the anti-imperialist struggle carried out During the four days, compatriots in Macao, in of support of the suspension of trade, refused to send by the Chinese nation over the past century ahd rnore. chickens, ducks and fish tc Hongkong. The vicious British imperialists have done many evil things and have committed countless crimes in Hong- 34 Pekinr) Rrzuiew, No. 29 Strongest Protest Against British lmperialist Armed Provoeation Along the Border \/ICE-MINISTER of Foreign Affairs Lo Kuei-po ings from o-ur side, the policemen and 'riot police' Y on the morning o{ July 9 summoned D.C. of the Eritish authorities in Hongkong continued Hopson, Eritish Charge d'Affaires to China, and to fire at the demonstrators, killing one and handed -him a note frorn the Chinese Foreign wounding eight of them. Our frontier guards also r\Sinistry. It lodges the most urgent and strongest fired back at the policemen and 'riot police' of protest with the British Gavernment against the the British authorities in Hongkong." serious armed provocation committed- against the The Chinese Government in the note raised Chinese peopie by the British authorities in Hong- the foliowing demands to the British Govern- kong on Jul;,- B. The note sa;rs: ment: "On July 8. people on our side of Sha Tau "1. Make publie apologies for the JuIy 8 Kok and Chinese inhabit:ants of the 'New Ter- armed provocation in Sha Tau Kok; ritories,' Kowloon, held a ra-lly on our side to "2. Immediately punish the eulprits, compen- voice support for our patriotic countr;..men in sate for all the losses suffered by the inhabitants Hcngkong and Korvloon in their just struggle of Sha Tau Kok and by the dead and wounded against brutal persecution by the British anthori- and release all the inhabitants arrested since ties in Hongkong. After the raily, they demons- June 24 in the Sha Tau Kok region; trated along different routes. When the Chinese "3. Guarantee that no similar incidents will inhabitants were returning to the 'New Terri- occur in the future." tories,' Kovlloon, from the dernonstration, fully The British Government and the British armed policemen and 'riot police' of the British authorities in Hongkong, the note points qut, have authorities in Hongkong flagrantly carried out a gone further to create tension along the border. premeditated sanguinary suppression of thern, This is increasingly aggravating the Hongkong throwing tear bombs and cpening fire at them, situation. The Chinese Governrnent hereby sternly and at the same time fired, at our side. The Chi- and solemnly warns the British Government: If nese frontier guards at onee fired warning shots you persist in being hostile to the Chinese peo- against such atroeities and provocations by the ple to the end, then you must bear all the grave British side. But, in totai disregard of the warn- consequences arising therefrom. kong. or,r.'ing a biood debt that can never be cleared. British violence. This is the most important condition The Briiish imperialists are the most direct and vicious for boldly arousing the masses in Hongkong to strike enemy of our 4 million Hongkong compatriots and an at British imperialism. enemy of the Chinese nation. A11 our Hongkong com- As the main force in this struggle, the Hongkong patriots who are patriotie should and rvill ftrliorv the workers must do a good job of uniting all patriots, teaching of Chairman Mao to unite under the pati'iotic mcbilize them to participate in the struggle and wel- and anti-imperialist banner and join in the torrent of come al] their patriotic actions. Even if some people the great struggle against British violence. cannct at present join the fighting ranks against The majority of our 4 miiLion compatriots in llong- British violence. rvork must be done to unite them; kong are patriotic. They cppose imperialism and want unless they are traitors. to make revoiution. Hongkong workers, peasants, The workers'strike constitutes the main battlefield fishermen and other labouring people, and all our in the present struggle against British violence in patriotic compatriots are loyal to our great motherland Hongkong. Shop assistants, the urban poor, small and loyal to our great leader Chairman Mao. They tra 35 Julg 14, 1967 --*A__.# t t ists and the very few national traitors r.r'ho obstinately down houses but the ordinary people cannot even light sen'e British imperialism. Those in the enemy camp lheir lamps,". there is no such rulel It will never do I rnho have done bad things must recognize what the that thcse who kiil our patriotic countrymen in Hong- facts are, forsake darkness and cross over to brightness, kong do not receive due punishment! and make amends for their crimes by good deeds. As With the firm support of the 700 million people incorrig- for the handfui of British colonialists and the of the motherland, our patriotic countrymen in Hong- ible hired thugs who have committed monstrous crimes kong are mobilizing themselves further to converge enemy, our and have served as assassins for the into a mighty, surging ocean. If the enemy refuses to well how to deal countrymen in Hongkong know full surender, we will have him drowned in the great is, to pay them in their own coin. We n-ith them, that ocean of the revolutionary mass struggle against im- punish these bad elements. Those who must severely periali-sm in Hongkongl kill peopie must pay with their lives, and blood delcts must be paid in blood. "The magistlate may burn ("Renmin Rtbao" editorial, Jttlg 5.) Ugly Force st United Nstions by "BENMIN RIBAO" COMMENTATOB THE U.N. General Assembly emergency session Iord, to press ahead with neo-colcniaiism and big- r voted on July 4 without achieving any concrete nation power politics. Although the Arab countries, result. The entire proceedings turned out to be one many other Afro-Asian countries and Albania voice'd more ugly farce. strong indignation at the aggression by U.S. imperia- lism and its stooge, the United States and the Soviet The session failed to touch a single hair of U.S. Union r,vent on manipulating the United Nations as imperialism u'hich was the main criminal in engine- before. The aggressors get protection as usual and the ering the arme'd aggression against the Arab countries, victims of aggression have to put up with it. Such a and of Israel, that U.S. imperialist running dog which United Nations can only be a refuge for imperialists, has forcibly occupied large areas of Arab tetritory. On revisionists and counter-revolutionaries, and a chain the contrary, U.S. imperialism and its Israeli stooge binding the oppressed nations hand and foot. have become more airogant. An Israeli chieftain, Dayan, even had the gall to ploclaim outside the After the voting at the U.N. emergency session, United Nations that it was Islael's intention to annex U.S. imperialism started on a new scheme. The John- the Gaza strip and the west bank of the Jordan River son Administration declared on July 5 that "the United which were now under Israeli occupation. Thus, the States believes that the Security Council is the best so-called emergency session of the U.N. General As- place for this (the Middle East issue) to be hand1ed." sembly was a clumsy trick to hoodwink the Arab coun- The ball rvas tossed to the General Assembly from the tries ancl world opinion from start to finish. Secur ity Council and back again to the Security Council from the General Assembly. The net result Why did the Soviet revisionist ruling clique sud- will be the same the United States and the Soviet denly propose convening emergency an U.N. General Union must be the- ones to decide the fate of the Arab Asserr,bly session after its betrayal of the Arab coun- countries. tries? As a matter of fact, the real purpose of Soviet rer-isionist chieftain Kosygin's trip to the United Our great leader Chairman Mao Tse-tung teaches States rras to pay homage to U.S. imperiaiist ringleadet. us: "T.he oppressed peoples and nations must not pin Johnson. But he found it a little awkward to do that their hopes for Iiheration on the 'sensibleness' of outlight in front of the whole world. So he hit on imperialism and its lackeys. They will only triumph attending a U.N. General Assembly session, acccm- by slrengthening their unity and persevering in their panied b5' a large retinue. Some Soviet revisionist struggle." ruling clique valets also rushed to New York to play In crder to safeguard their independence and. second fiddle. In fact, ail of this was just a sideshow. defeat the aggression by U.S. imperialism and its The real drama rvas staged at Gla,".sbor.o where the two flunkey, the Arab people must rely on their own types worked out a dirty g1obal deal. Once this was struggle. Pinning their hopes on the Soviet revisionists concluded, it was naturaliy time to wind up the and the United Nations is iike asking the tiger for its spurious show at the United Nations. hide, anct (hat rviil only bring on more catastrophes. What kind of a thing is the United Nations? It is Never should the bloody lesson of the Middle East the tool of U.S: imperialism. number one overlorcl, and events be forgotten! the Soviet revisionist ruling clique, number two over- ("Renmin Ribao," JutE 8.) 36 Peking Eeuieu, No. ZU T I ..RENMIN RIBAO" COMMENTARIES ,/.._....:;/i://.//,/////z/,%///./zz// Pownshops in Moscow a,nti-China campaigns. They have set their running dogs, especially the reactionaries in countries near According to recent reports, the Moscow Pawnshops China, snapping at China. They have stirred up an Administration has been running Iavish advertisements evil wind. Their vicious activities have everywhere in the papers to drum up business for the pawnshops come up against film popular opposition. under its control. Terms are said to be attractive: trans- fn Burma, despite the reactionary Ne Win govern- actions by phone, pawned goods held indefinitely, ment's anti-China c.ampaign, people in many cities have articles examined in your own home and fair prices demonstrated in support of China. guaranteed. In India, the people of Calcutta broke up an anti- At a time when Soviet enterprises, big and small, China meeting staged by the reactionari,es. are competing with each other in accordance rvith the In Nepal, the people of Kathmandu indigttantly "profit-comes-first" principle, is it any rt'onder that attacked the Indian diplomats who were openly instigat- I\lloscow's pawnshops are unlvilliirg to lag- behind and ing and directing anti-China activities. anxiou-s to enter the race for greater profits? Such instances are not confined to Burma, India Just what is a parvnshop? It is a place where money and Nepal. Wherever anti-China activities have been is loaned at an exorbitant rate of interest on personal engineered, the people have risen in defence of their property left as security. Whatever the colour of its friendship with the Chinese p,eop1e. signboard and whatever its sidelines, its main business The new, socialist China is a state foundeC b1- oui- is usury, in other words, sucking the blood out of the great Ieader Chairt-r-ran XIao hin-l::1f. Holding high the poor. Where there ar-e parn,nshops. this is the rule. and great red banner of llIao Tse-tung's thought. the Soviet parvnshops can be no ex:eption. Naturally the Chinese people are fighting r-esolutely against imperial- well-fed privileged stratum need have nothing to do iem, modern revisionism and the reactionaries of all r,l'ith them. It is those toilers, earning a meagre monthly countries and firmly supporting the revolutionary strug- income, who have to give up their pound of flesh. gles of the p,eoples of the worid. China is the mainstay The Soviet revisionist rulets never tire of boasting of the world revolution today. about how they have entered the period of "compre- Imperialism, modern revisionism and the reaction- hensive construction of communism." But what irave aries of all countries have an inveterate hatred for pawnshops got to do with communism? When Marx China. They frenziedly viiify and oppose China. In referred to the pawnshop, it rn,as to use the pawn tickets a vain attempt to maintain their reactionary rul,e, they in .the hands of the rn,orkers to prove the pauperization resort to anti-China campaigns to divert the attention of the toiling masses. It is rather strange that thriving of the people and to check the influence of China and pau'n brokers should be a sign of the transition to com- the spread of Mao Tse-tung's thought. But the more munism and that the workers wiil enter communist so- frantic they become in opposing China, the more ciety with wads of pawn tickets in their pockets! evident it becomes that they are having a tougher and The fact that parvnshops flourish in Moscou, only tougher time. Their very opposition to China demon- shorvs that the Soviet revisionist clique is fast reviving strates thelr orvn inherent u'eakness. and developing the system of exploitation and hasten- The masses of the people in various countries rvant ing class differentiation. This is an indication of the to oppose imperialism, make revolution and struggle elique's a1l-round restoration of capitalism. for liberaticn. They find in China their orientation and hope and enthusiastically extol China. They want to Liberman and other official Soviet revisionist take the road of Mao Tse-tung, China's road. They scholars always use the absence of a stock exchange in not be misled by the anti-China propaganda of the Sorriet Union to deny any capitalist restoration s,ill imperialists, revisionists and reactionaries; nor will there. This is, of course, nonsense. In the Soviet Union, the be cowed by anti-China white terror. Revolu- rvhich is a capitalist country in disguise, the bourgeoisie they- an be nor can the ardent love of the can exploit and make deals with or without a stock tion cannot subdued, masses countries for China be crushed. exchange. Horvever, since pawnshops are already doing of the various great leader Chairman Mao has pointed out: very well in the land of the Soviets, nobody wiII be Our take the road of pro- surprised if some day advertisements in Soviet papers "The world will unquestionably herald the establishment of a stock exchange too. gress and not the road of reaetion." Oppcsition to China is a reactionary adrzerse cur- (July 2) rent which may run rvild for a time but will eventr-ral1y No Adverse Current Con Block the be overborne by the revnlittionary torrent of the peo- ple. No adverse current can arrest the mainstream of Moinstreom of History history and no blustering anti-China warrior can escape U.S. imperiali;sm and the Soviet revisionist clique the fate of being su'ept away by the current of history. have worked in close collaboration plotting a series of (July 9) JuLg 74, 7967 37 =--<-+id!. I I i IHE WEEK nese Government he strongly con- feet' is a Chinese folk saying to des- demned. i*ris ba:rdit act by irnperial- cribe the trehaviour of certain fcols. i (Continueil p. 7.) trom ism in collaboration with the Ivory The reactionaries in all countries are Hong- head of the ensemble, and Coast reactionary authorities. He ex- fools of this kind." The frantic prov- other leading members and prin- pressed firm support for the Guinean ocations against the Chinese people cipal artists, and had a cordial talk Governrnen*'s just action in striking by U.S. imperialism while it is ex- uith them. When the per{ormance back at the imperialists and the Ivory panding its war of aggression against ended- they went on stage to rvarrnly Coast authorities. The Vice-Premier Vietnam will only further str:engthen rhake hands with the artists, congrat- pointed out that the kidnapping was the Chinese people's determination ulating them on their success. a prerneditated action by the impe- to aid Vietnarn in its fight against The South Vietna.m Liberation rialist gang. It was another grave U.S. aggression. The Chinese For* Army Song and Dance Ensemble crime against the Guinean Govern- eign Ministry's statement warned arrived in Peking on June 27 at L}:,e ment and people and a serious pl'ov- the U-S. bandits that the 700 millicn invitation of the Commission for ocation against the Asian and Afri- Chinese people armed with Mao Cultural Relations \,Vith Foreign can peoples. He expressed the con- Tse-tung's thought wer,e not to be Countries. This is the first time the viction that the Guinean PeoPle trifled with. It pointed out that the ensemble has come to China on a would certainly be able to thcrough- Chinese people would firmLy support friendship visit and. to perform. ly smash every imperialist scherne. the Vietnamese people in carrying The ensemble gave its premiere in on their rvar against U.S. aggression and national final Peking on the evening of July 4. Protest Agoinst Attock on for salvation till victory. Shouid the U.S. bandits Vice-Premiers Li Fu-chun and Li Chinese Merchont Ship Hsien-nien and other comrades were have the effrontery to spread the present at the opening ceremony and By U.S. Aircroft flames of lvar and insist on having a Iater watched the performance. U.S. imperialism has recently been trial of strength with the Chinese sending large reinforcements to south people, then the Chinese people, rvho Vietnam and has sent troops to in- long ago had made every prepara- Vice-Premier Con- Chen Yi vade the demilitarized zone. U.S. tion, rvould deal doubly heavy blor,l's demns lvory Coost Author- planes have continually carried out to the U.S. aggressors. ities for Kidnopping wanton bombings of Hanoi. Haiphong Guineon Delegution and other cities in north Vi.etnam, Soviet Personnel Cought Red- expanding the scope of constantly Hsnded Steoling informotion Irreconciled to its defeat in Africa, their bombings. While strafing imperialisrn is constantly resorting to Haiphong on June 29, U.S. bandit A responsible member of the De- vile means to cppose the African peo- planes dive-bombed a Chinese mer- partment of Soviet Union and East p1e who uphold national indepen- chant ship in the harbour, causing European Affairs of the Chinese dence and persevere in the struggle serious damage to it. Foreign Ministry on July 3 summoned against imperialism and colonialism. Razdukhov, Charge d'Affaires ad Chinese For- Lately, it has worked hand in glove A spokesman of the interim of the Soviet Embassy in eign Ministry issued a statement on r*'ith the reactionary authorities of China, and lodged a strong verbal 6, pointing that U.S. impe- the Ivory Coast in kidnapping the July out protest with him against the stealing Guinean delegation which, 1ed by rialism's flagrant attack on the of information by staff members of Chinese merchant the Foreign Minister Lansana Beavogui, ship flying the Soviet Commercial Representa- national flag of the People's Republic stopped over on June 26 in Abidjan, tive's Office in China and against was serious prov- capital of the h'ory Coast, on its way of China another vicious Soviet attacks and slanders Chinese people. home after attending the emergency ocation against the directed at the Chinese Red Guards The Chinese Government and people session of the U.N. General Assembly and revolutionary masses. in New York. fhe deiegation was expressed the strongest protest On June 11, Gerasimov and travelling on a Dutch K.L.M. airliner against such piratical acts of U.S. Hantimirov, staff members of the *'hich rvas suddenly diverted off its imperialism. Ttre statement said that Soviet Commercial Representative's course and landed at Abidjan. the attack a most grave step "'is Office in China, accompanied by taken by the Johnson government in After the kidnapping of the dele- staff members of the China National its scheme to expand the war of ag- gation, the Guinean Government took Machinery Import and Export Cor- gression against Vietnam is correspcnding measures and detained and poration. went to Shenyang to handle closely connected with the latest the Netherlands diplomatic represen- the question of compensation arising talks between Johnson and Kosygin. .tatives in Conakry and leading from Soviet machiire tools which The Chinese Government and peo- K.L.M. personnel there. were not up to the required specifi- ple are closely watching this ne',v When Vice-Prernier and Foreign cations. The Chinese quarters con- move of war 'escalation' taken by Minister Chen Yi received Charge cerned provided all necessary facili- U.S. imperialism." d'Affaires ad interim of the Guinean ties for this nork. But Gerasimov Embassy in China Camara Fode Is- Chairman Mao has said: "'Lifting and Hantimirov, who knew nothing siaga on July 7, on behalf of the Chi- a rock only to drop it on one's olvn about the profession and did not even 38 Peking Ret;ie'**, No. 29 tI ---I -: _-t I I knou' how to use a levelling instru- anti-China activities in front of the matu Mao Tse-tunq. At the time of ment, created all kinds of pretexts Chinese photo exhibition hall in the outrage, the Chinese side re- to put off the matter and even refus- Kathmandu. They made several at- peatedly demanded that the Nepalese ed to discuss the queslion oI com- tempts to breah intc the exhibition Government stop it. However, this pensation with the Chinese personnel hall, clamourirrg hystericali;, for re- demand was ignored. When the concerned. More intolerable was moval of the portrait of the Chinese hooligans were committing the out- the fact that the two Soviet members people's great leader Chairman Mao rage, the Nepalese Commissioner in took advaniage of their stay in and of the Chinese national flag. Bagmati rvas right on the spot. Shenyang, sneaked about, surrelF They shoute'd anti-Chin,a slogans and On instructions from the Chinese titiously read and copied big-char- viciously in"sr.llted Chairman Mao, the Governanent, Chinese Ambassador in acter pcsters and covertly or overtly red sun that shines most brightly in Nepal Yang Kung-su lodged a serious colleeted printed matter and informa- the hearts of the Ch,inese peopFe. protest w-ith the Nepalese Govern- tion about China's great proletarian Nepalese progressive students, u,ho ment on July 5 against this anti- culttrral revolution. The Red Guards cherish bourrdless }ov.e fm Chairrnan China outrage. The Ambassador and revolutionarv masses, armed Mao, the great teacher of the world, stressed that the great socialist Cirina with the great thought of Mao revolutionary people, and treasure the rn'as not to be'bullied. In conducting Tse-tung, caught them red-handed, friendship between the Nepalese and anti-China activities, irnperiaiism, re- demanded that they hand over what Chinese peoples, rushed ex- to the visionism and all reactionaries would they had collected and gave them a hibition hall defend Chairman to break their orvn skulls. Those who warning. This is an entirely just, Mao's portrait. They shouted: "We follow them in their anti-China cam- revoiutionary action. But the Soviet will defend Chairman Mao with our paign rn,ould, suffer the consequences Foreign Ministry issued a statement blood!" "We will always be loyatr to oI their o\^'n actions. on June 21, which raved about the Chairman Mao!" "We pledge to fight Chinese side "creating intolerable to the end against the U.S. and Indian conditions," deliberately slandering reactionaries!" Chinc Worns lndonesiqn Gov- the Red Guards and the revolution- ernment Agoinst Continued ary masses. The Second Secretary of the Indian Embassy in Nepal, Singh, who took Persecution of Chinese The Chinese Foreign Ministry's part in plotting the anti-China out- Notion0ls statement said: "We must sternly rage, came out into the open and beat warn you ,that the revolutionary the Nepalese u,ho de.fended the Since the coun(er-revolutionary people of China absolutely will not Right- friendship betu,een ther Nepalese and coup by the Suharto-Nasution tolerate your aetivities on Chinese 'in Chinese peoples, when he saw that wing military clique 1965, the territory detrimental to our national per- the scheme was not fully realized. Indonesian reactionaries' rabid interests. You must honestly observe secution of Chinese nationals has China's laws and deerees, show re- The hooligans also hurled stones at continued unabated. Thousands of spect for China's revolutionarv order, the cars of the Chinese Embassy, the Chinese in the Atjeh area of Sumatra, and immediately stop all your illegal Kathmandu branch of the Hsinhua for example, have been made home- activities. Our Foreign Ministry News Ageney and Chinese experts, less and deprived of al1 means of spokesman made a statement on June and wounded one Chinese diplomat. livelihood. On September 2, 1966, 14 demanding an end to the stealing It *,as reported that U.S. "peace the Indonesian Foreign Ministry no- of intelligenee by the personnel of corps'' and military' men u'ere back- tified the Chinese Embassy in Indo- the offices in China of the imperial- ing the anti-China hooligans from nesia that there rvere 4,500 Chinese ists, revisionists and reactionaries, request- behind the scenes. The U.S. Embassy concentrated in Medan, and and vire mean what we sa)r. Should sent personnel to Nepalese universi- ed that the Chinese Government ship you persist in your perverse action These Chinese ties to spread rumours agairrst China thern bac{r tc China- and continue with your iliegal activi- had been' persecuted and unwarrant- and incite Nepalese students to op- ties, China will take the necessary edly expelled from the Atjetr area. pose China. The Soviet Embassy was measures. Don't saSz that you have While solemnly demanding tha't the also extremely busy those days. The not been warned beforehand." Indonesian Government immediately TASS correspondent in Nepal openly stop its racist atrocities of expelling incited Nepalese students and: report- overseas Chinese en masse, the ers to oppose China. Protest Agoinst Nepolese, Chinese Government sent ships to Government Connivonce ot T.'he Nepalese Government ap- Medan to bring, back the persecuted Anti-Chins Outruge proved and supported this anti-China Chinese who were in deep misery. outragrc. In the past six months, the To date, 4,25L ot them have been On the evening of July I. a group reactionary Nepalese press has con- brought back by the Chinese Gov- oi Nepalese hooligans, instigated and tinually carried articles slandering ernment. Eut it is learnt that there - directed by U.S. imperialism, Soviet China. Reactionary forces in Nepal are still more than 6,60C in the 14 'r ., revisionism and the Indian reaction- forbade Nepalese students to wear concentration camps in the Medan aries, and with the connivance of the badges with a profile of Chairman area. This clearly shows that instead Nepalese Government, carried out Mao or cany Quotations Fram Chair- of stopping its mass exPulsion of July 14, 1967 39 VT t Chinese nationals, the Indonesian The note listed the Chinese Gov- rebuked by members of the office on F Government has taken advantage of ernrnent's four demands for the set- both occasions, -i China's efforts to return the perse- tlement of the question of lersecuted r i11 E cuted Chinese and continued to overseas Chinese created A handful of ruffians, catering to ! entirely by +fi- F expand the mass expuision of over- the Indonesian Government. and de- the needs of U.S. and British impe- ! rialism and the Soviet revisionist 2 i seas Chinese in an attempt to pursue rnanded thar the Iatier make a speedy .T leading clique, another * its criminal ra-cist ends. reply. carried out JL provocation in front of the Chinese sl Ttre Chinese Foreign Ministry sent Charge d'Affaires Office on the eve- a note to the Indonesian Embassy in ning of July 4. Some of them went fi, China on 5 regard such JuIy rvith to Protest Agoinst Anti-Chino so far as to burn a copy o.t Qiiota- + r anti-China and anti-Chinese atroci- Froyocotion in Britoin tions From Chairm.an Mao Tse-tung, t. ties. The note said: "We once again + hr w'hich is most treasured by the rev- + sternl;u warn the Indonesian reaction- olutionary people and n i While millions upon millions of of the world T i' aries: in so unscrupulously opposing people throughout the world hail regarded by them as a powerful e China and persecuting overseas f s, China for having successfully ex- $,eapon against imperialism, revi- l: Chinese, you u,ill be lifting a rock * ploded its first hydrogen boinb, U.S. sionism and all reactionaries. Staff ii onll' to drop it on vour own lcet and and British imperialism, modern re- members of the Chinese Charge i eat the bitter fruit of your making. *r t visionism and all reactionaries mor- d'Affaires Of fice, who have enor'- i Pressed beyond the limit of forbear- /{ ta111- fear and deeply hate this great mous love fcr the great leader Chair- 4r ance. the broad nrasses of the over- victory achieved b;' the Chinese peo- man Mao. immediatell' rushed out to 1 seas Chinese armed r.,'ith Mao T ple under the guidance of the invin- stop ruffians' shameless crime, I Tse-tung's thought rvill surely rise the Mao Tse-tung. and managed to seize evidence of the )t- up to defend their proper rights and cible thought of With crime the spot. interests and resolutely carry through the connivance of the British Gov- on :a to the end the struggle against per- ernment and incited by the official The incident was a new and grave secution. The Chinese Government propaganda machine, a handful of political provocation engineered by and people will give all-out support anti-China elements, in the nanre of British imperiatrism against the great to the just struggle of the broad the "campaign for nuclear disarma- Chinese people. On July 5. Chinese masses of the overseas Chinese in all ment," created disorders and provo- Charge d'Affaires ad interim .Shen circumstances. This stand and deter- cations in front of the Chinese Ping lodged the most serious and mination of ours is firm and unshak- Charge d'Affaires Office in London most emphatic protest with the Brit- able." on June 18 and 27. They were sternly ish Foreign Office. PEKING REVIEW July 14, 1967 Published in English, French, Spanish, Vol. 10, No. 29 Japanese and German editions IN THIS ISSUE THE WEEK 5 Chinese Red Guords Will Unite ond Fight Side by Choirmon Moo ond Vice-Choirmon Lin Pioo Rereive Slde With Albonion Youth For Ever Yoo Delegotes to P.L,A" Conference on Militory Troin- Wen-yuon - 26 rng Comrode Horho Receiyes Chinese Red Guord Dele- Mourn Deoth ol Comrode Nguyen Chi Thonh gotion 27 ARTICI"ES AND DOCUMENTS Ne Win Reoctionory Government ls Courting Doom by Modly Opposing People's Wor ls lnvincible Renmin Riboo edi-: Chino Renmin Ribao edi- toriol - 30 toriol - 8 The Blood Debts of the Reoctionory Win Gov- Ihe ltlilitory Government Ne of Ne Win, the Chiong ernment Must Be Repoid 32 l(oi-slek of Burmo, ls Bound to, Foiil The Peopli Boldly Arouse Mosses ond Expond Ronks Are Bound to Win! Thokin Bo Thein Tin 10 the the - .for Struggle Agoinst British Violen ce Renmin People of lndonesio, Unite ond Fight to Overthrow Ribao editoriol - 34 the Foscist Regime Hongqi e?itoriol 15 - Big 4-Doy Joint Suspension of Trode in Hongkong 34 Stotement by the Politicol Bureou of the Centrol Strongest Protest Agoinst British lmperiolist Committee lndonesion Armed of the Communist Porty lg Provocotion Along the Border 35 Spring fhunder Oyer lndio Renmin Ribao edi- Ugly Force ot United Notions Renmin Ribao toriol - 22 Commentotor - 36 The Dorjeeling Peosont Armed Struggle 24 "Renmin Riboo" Commentories 37 (fu, Published every Fridoy by PEKING REVIEW, Peking (37), Chino Post Office Registrotion No. 2-922 Coble Addressr Pekinq 2910 Printed in the People's Republic of Chino t F r i