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501.Break.8.Spr.8
mmcM, JOUWAL OF PMIRIE FIRE ORGANIZING COMMITTEE Vol. VNo.1 Spring 1981 $1.50 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. EDITORIAL SOLIDARITY WITH THE ELEVEN PUERTO RICAN PRISONERS OF WAR page 1 2. EDITORIAL REAGAN TAKES THE REINS: The Right and the Left page 7 3. ALL OUT TO EL PASO MAY 1ST & 2ND! Call for International Day of Solidarity with the Struggle of the Chicano Mexicano People —Movimiento de Liberacion Nacional page 11 4. ONE PEOPLE, ONE NATION! The Straggle for the Socialist Reunification of Mexico page 13 Speech and Interview with a Member of the Comite Contra la Represion de El Paso page 14 Interview with a Member of the Comite de Defensa Popular (Mexico) page 21 5. THE WILL TO WIN! by Don Juan Antonio Corretjer, Secretary General, Liga Socialista Puertorriquena Reprinted from El Nuevo Dia page 25 6. STATEMENT TO THE UN COMMITTEE ON DECOLONIZATION ON THE STRUGGLE FOR NEW AFRIKAN INDEPENDENCE by Ahmed Obafemi, Eastern Regional Vice President, Provisional Government, Republic of New Afrika page 26 7. VICTORY TO THE SALVADOREAN REVOLUTION! Photographs from El Salvador page 30 8. "GENTRIFICATION"—OR GENOCIDE? The Price of Urban Renaissance page 32 9. A TRIBUTE TO WALTER RODNEY Excerpts from "Guyana and the Caribbean" by the Editors of Soulbook page 43 Breakthrough, the political journal of Prairie Fire Organizing Committee, is published by the John Brown Book Club, P.O. Box 14422, San Francisco, CA 94114. We encourage our readers to write us with comments and criticisms. You can contact Prairie Fire Organizing Committee by writing: San Francisco: P.O. -
The Role of Ideology in Revolutionary Terror: Comparisons of the French, Russian and Ethiopian Experiences
International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) ISSN (Online): 2319-7064 Index Copernicus Value (2013): 6.14 | Impact Factor (2015): 6.391 The Role of Ideology in Revolutionary Terror: Comparisons of the French, Russian and Ethiopian Experiences Tsegaye Zeleke PhD candidate in History at University of South Africa Abstract: Events unfolded during the French Revolution immensely impacted on the ensuing political struggles across the globe. The Terror which took place in Russia and Ethiopia following the 1917 and 1974 Revolutions respectively were among the classic instances. This paper, therefore, attempts to encapsulate how ideology played a pivotal role in the ‘Revolutionary Terror’ orchestrated by the Jacobins in France, the Bolsheviks in Russia and by the Ethiopian Revolutionary forces. But one of the specific features of the Russian Revolution was the recurrent and extensive use of Terror. Yet among the waves of Terror unfolded in Russia, the first one (1918-21) is a classical revolutionary Terror akin to that of the Jacobins. Likewise the Terror that occurred in Ethiopia ostensibly from 1976 to 1978 under the leadership of Colonel Mengistu Haile Mariam is also akin to this wave of the Bolsheviks Terror. Hence, as indicated hereinabove, the paper compares the three revolutionary Terrors based on the roles of ideology as idiosyncrasy from which terror emanated. Keywords: Revolutionary Terror, Ideology, France, Russia, Ethiopia 1. Ideological Basis of the Terror It seems that the Jacobins of France were the first Revolutionaries who carried out Revolutionary Terror that Although ―the Terror‖ can be defined in many ways, here it had far reaching repercussions. Scholars do not agree on the refers above all to state policy during the period 1793– factors that precipitated the Jacobins Terror (1793-94). -
Marxism-Leninism in the History of North Korean Ideology, 1945-1989
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Los Angeles From Soviet Origins to Chuch’e: Marxism-Leninism in the History of North Korean Ideology, 1945-1989 A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Asian Languages and Cultures by Thomas Stock 2018 © Copyright by Thomas Stock 2018 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION From Soviet Origins to Chuch’e: Marxism-Leninism in the History of North Korean Ideology, 1945-1989 by Thomas Stock Doctor of Philosophy in Asian Languages and Cultures University of California, Los Angeles, 2018 Professor Namhee Lee, Chair Where lie the origins of North Korean ideology? When, why, and to what extent did North Korea eventually pursue a path of ideological independence from Soviet Marxism- Leninism? Scholars typically answer these interrelated questions by referencing Korea’s historical legacies, such as Chosŏn period Confucianism, colonial subjugation, and Kim Il Sung’s guerrilla experience. The result is a rather localized understanding of North Korean ideology and its development, according to which North Korean ideology was rooted in native soil and, on the basis of this indigenousness, inevitably developed in contradistinction to Marxism-Leninism. Drawing on Eastern European archival materials and North Korean theoretical journals, the present study challenges our conventional views about North Korean ideology. Throughout the Cold War, North Korea was possessed by a world spirit, a Marxist- Leninist world spirit. Marxism-Leninism was North Korean ideology’s Promethean clay. From ii adherence to Soviet ideological leadership in the 1940s and 50s, to declarations of ideological independence in the 1960s, to the emergence of chuch’e philosophy in the 1970s and 80s, North Korea never severed its ties with the Marxist-Leninist tradition. -
Desenvolvimento De Uma Ferramenta De Gestão Para Construção Civil Utilizando O Framework Laravel MVC
Universidade Federal de Goiás Regional Catalão Unidade Acadêmica Especial de Biotecnologia Curso de Bacharelado em Ciências da Computação Desenvolvimento de uma ferramenta de gestão para construção civil utilizando o Framework Laravel MVC. Erikson Dutra de Miranda Silva Catalão – GO 2019 Erikson Dutra de Miranda Silva Desenvolvimento de uma ferramenta de gestão para construção civil utilizando o Framework Laravel MVC. Monografia apresentada ao Curso de Bacharelado em Ciências da Computação da Universidade Federal de Goiás – Regional Catalão, como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Bacharel em Ciências da Computação. VERSÃO REVISADA Orientadora: Prof.a Dr.a Luanna Lopes Lobato Coorientador: Prof. Dr. Thiago Jabur Bittar Coorientador: Prof. Me. Wanderlei Malaquias Pereira Junior Catalão – GO 2019 Ficha de identificação da obra elaborada pelo autor, através do Programa de Geração Automática do Sistema de Bibliotecas da UFG. Silva, Erikson Dutra de Miranda Desenvolvimento de uma ferramenta de gestão para construção civil utilizando o Framework Laravel MVC. [manuscrito] / Erikson Dutra de Miranda Silva. – 2019. 91 p.: il. Orientadora: Prof.a Dr.a Luanna Lopes Lobato Coorientador: Wanderlei Malaquias Pereira Junior Monografia (Graduação) – Universidade Federal de Goiás, Uni- dade Acadêmica Especial de Biotecnologia, Ciências da Computa- ção, 2019. Bibliografia. 1. Engenharia de Software. 2. Desenvolvimento Web. 3. Engenharia Civil. 4. Gestão de Orçamento. 5. Laravel. 6. MVC. I. Lobato, Luanna Lopes, orient. II. Bittar, Thiago Jabur, coorient. Junior, Wanderlei Malaquias Pereira, coorient. III. Título. CDU 004 Erikson Dutra de Miranda Silva Desenvolvimento de uma ferramenta de gestão para construção civil utilizando o Framework Laravel MVC. Monografia apresentada ao curso de Bacharelado em Ciências da Computação da Universidade Federal de Goiás – Regional Catalão. -
On the Genealogy of Terrorism
ON THE GENEALOGY OF TERRORISM by Michael Blain 9 July 2005 Department of Sociology Boise State University 1910 University Drive Boise, Idaho 83725-1945 U.S.A. [email protected] The terrorist and the policeman both come from the same basket. Revolution, legality — counter-moves in the same game; forms of idleness at bottom identical. Joseph Conrad, The Secret Agent (1907, ch. 4) ON THE GENEALOGY OF TERRORISM The 9-11-2001 attacks on the World Trade Center, New York City, was a “defining moment,” and not only for George Bush. One can debate whether it was an “act of war,” “asymmetric warfare,” “terrorism,” or a “crime against humanity.” We do know that the Bush administration defined 911 as an act of international terrorism and declared a global war on terrorism (GWOT). Terrorists such as Osama bin Laden were portrayed as implacable foes that had to be tracked down, fought and destroyed.1 Of course, these definitions did not go uncontested. Some people defined those involved in the attack as freedom-fighters, heroes and martyrs engaged in a ‘righteous’ struggle against a villainous ‘superpower.’2 This paper presents the results of a genealogy of the discourse of terror. When and where did this discourse emerge? How has it functioned in power struggles since it emerged? And finally, how has it functioned since the 9-11attacks? It describes how the political concept of terrorism first entered the English language during the French Revolutionary era, and how it has functioned in the changing contexts of British and American imperialism. It argues that describing political actors as ‘terrorists’ rather than as ‘soldiers,’ criminals or insurgents has important social consequences. -
Totalitarianism and Authoritarianism
Provided for non-commercial research and educational use. Not for reproduction, distribution or commercial use. This article was originally published in the Encyclopedia of Violence, Peace, & Conflict, Volumes 1-3 published by Elsevier, and the attached copy is provided by Elsevier for the author’s benefit and for the benefit of the author’s institution, for non-commercial research and educational use including without limitation use in instruction at your institution, sending it to specific colleagues who you know, and providing a copy to your institution’s administrator. All other uses, reproduction and distribution, including without limitation commercial reprints, selling or licensing copies or access, or posting on open internet sites, your personal or institution’s website or repository, are prohibited. For exceptions, permission may be sought for such use through Elsevier’s permissions site at: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/permissionusematerial Martin Palous. Totalitarianism and Authoritarianism. In Lester Kurtz (Editor-in-Chief), Vol. [3] of Encyclopedia of Violence, Peace, & Conflict, 3 vols. pp. [2129-2142] Oxford: Elsevier. Author's personal copy Totalitarianism and Authoritarianism 2129 Perhaps because they take place in relative slow Organization and History; Nuclear Warfare; Warfare, motion and without the shock and awe of large-scale Modern; Warfare, Trends in; World War II bombing, these wars are all too often ignored or accorded only brief blips of attention in the media, the United Nations, and so on. Without the involvement of large Further Reading powers and strategic interests like oil or exported terror- Ausenda, G. (1992). Effects of war on society. San Marino, CA: Center ism, there is limited concern about nations set asunder by for Interdisciplinary Research on Social Stress. -
"Virtue and Terror: Maximilien Robespierre on the Principles of the French Revolution." Revolutionary Moments: Reading Revolutionary Texts
Linton, Marisa. "Virtue and Terror: Maximilien Robespierre on the Principles of the French Revolution." Revolutionary Moments: Reading Revolutionary Texts. Ed. Rachel Hammersley. London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2015. 93–100. Bloomsbury Collections. Web. 29 Sep. 2021. <http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781474252669.0018>. Downloaded from Bloomsbury Collections, www.bloomsburycollections.com, 29 September 2021, 09:23 UTC. Copyright © Rachel Hammersley 2015. You may share this work for non-commercial purposes only, provided you give attribution to the copyright holder and the publisher, and provide a link to the Creative Commons licence. 1 1 Virtue and Terror: Maximilien Robespierre on the Principles of the French Revolution M a r i s a L i n t o n Th is great purity of the bases of the French Revolution, the very sublimity of its object is precisely what makes our strength and our weakness; our strength because it gives us the ascendancy of the truth over deception, and the rights of public interest over private interest; our weakness, because it rallies against us all the vicious men, all those who in their hearts plot to despoil the people, and all those who have despoiled them and want immunity, and those who have rejected liberty as a personal calamity, and those who have embraced the Revolution as a career and the Republic as their prey: hence the defection of so many ambitious or greedy men, who, since the beginning, have abandoned us along the way, because they had not begun the journey in order to reach the same goal. One could say that the two contrary geniuses that have been depicted here battling for control of the realm of nature, are fi ghting in this great epoch of human history, to shape irrevocably the destiny of the world, and that France is the theatre of this redoubtable contest. -
Comparing Terrors: State Terrorism in Revolutionary France and Russia
W&M ScholarWorks Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 2011 Comparing Terrors: State Terrorism in Revolutionary France and Russia Anne Cabrié Forsythe College of William & Mary - Arts & Sciences Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd Part of the European History Commons Recommended Citation Forsythe, Anne Cabrié, "Comparing Terrors: State Terrorism in Revolutionary France and Russia" (2011). Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects. Paper 1539626669. https://dx.doi.org/doi:10.21220/s2-f7fy-7w09 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Comparing Terrors: State Terrorism in Revolutionary France and Russia Anne Cabrie Forsythe Richmond, Virginia Bachelors of Arts, Mary Baldwin College, January 2006 A Thesis presented to the Graduate Faculty of the College of William and Mary in Candidacy for the Degree of Master of Arts Lyon G. Tyler Department of History The College of William and Mary January 2011 APPROVAL PAGE This Thesis is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Anne Cabrie Forsythe Approved by the Committee, December 2010 Committee Ch&fr Associate Professor Gail M. Bossenga, History The College of William and Mary James Pinckney Harrison Professor Frederick C. Corney, History The College of William and Mary Professor Carl J. Strikwerda, History Dean of the Faculty of Arts & Sciences The College of William and Mary n4~ Associate Professor Hiroshi Kitamura, History The College of William and Mary ABSTRACT PAGE This paper compares how the National Convention and the Sovnarkom were able to declare terror and how they operated each terror in terms of their definition of revolutionary justice. -
Introduction Insurgent Thought
insurgent thought Introduction Insurgent Thought Anupama Rao hese essays feature a group of emerging scholars who are concerned with understanding the rela- tionship between forms of life and modes of thought.1 The “thought” under consideration is dis- tinctive for its commitment to remaking political and ethical life, and attention to the fugitive or Tunruly forms by which insurgent thought is transmitted, e.g., through poetry, fiction, and autobiography in addition to standard polemical tracts and sustained treatises. In turn the insurgent thinker- activists around whom this section is framed are figures who challenged traditions of critical thought and action by imagining alternate political and ethical possibilities that were global in scope while deeply engaged with the problem of subaltern difference. Among the distinctive features of insurgent thought is its awareness of the gap, or the lack of com- mensurability, between non- Western lifeworlds and social experiences, on the one hand, and critical theory’s focus on general (and generalizable) conditions of human existence, on the other. Where do the embodied histories of caste and martyrdom make an appearance in standard accounts of human freedom, after all? How does the idea of abolition- democracy or the temporality of anticolonial mutiny (ghadr) reorient narratives of political emancipation? What kind of a political subject is the shahid (mar- tyr), the shahir (poet), the Dalit (untouchable), or the black Muslim? It is hard to apprehend insurgent thought on its own terms: there is a relationship of both exor- bitance and intimacy between critical theory, on the one hand, and what we call insurgent thought on the other. -
Javascript Var, Let, Const
Angular Frontend Frameworks Browser JavaScript var, let, const Vue for, while, if, switch, operators for ... in vs. for ... of NodeJS TypeScript React Strings, Numbers, Booleans Type Coercion Svelte Templated Strings Functions Closures Higher Order Functions bind, call, apply setTimeout, setInterval Objects (Dictionaries) Prototypes Classes Arrays Slice, Sort, Splice Spread/Rest Operator Map, Filter, Reduce Find, Some, Every Promises Promise.all Promise.race Async/Await RegExp groups, capture, flags test, exec, match Advanced/Uncommon Symbols @@Iterator Generators coroutines Proxies ArrayBuffers UInt8Array, UInt16Array, etc. NodeJS Browser Universal (SSR) Angular CLI Modules Services Dependency Injection Components templates inputs, outputs change detection Router route guards resolvers rxjs Observables Operators Subjects ngrx reducers selectors actions effects NodeJS Browser Next.js (SSR) React JSX Functional Components Props React Native Hooks Class Components State Lifecycle Context, Portal, Fragment Higher Order Components Redux fetch or Axios JavaScript Deno NodeJS npm package.json, scripts, lock Require vs. Import Browser Electron process argv, env, exit fs (File System) promises, write, read, watch child_process spawn, fork, exec os, path, util common libraries Request ExpressJS Hapi JavaScript NodeJS Browser HTML semantic elements Accessibility Attributes dom.js SVG CSS selectors Angular Frontend Frameworks Flex, Grid, calc, scss Vue CSS in JS React DOM attributes, innerHTML Svelte events Shadow DOM Web Components Canvas Webgl, -
Design Mistakes in Node Ryan Dahl JS Conf Berlin June 2018 Background
Design Mistakes in Node Ryan Dahl JS Conf Berlin June 2018 Background ● I created and managed Node through its initial development. ● My goal was heavily focused on programming event driven HTTP servers. ● That focus turned out to be crucial for Server-Side JavaScript at the time. It wasn't obvious then but server-side JS required an event loop to succeed. Background When I left in 2012, I felt Node had (more or less) achieved my goals for a user friendly non-blocking framework: ○ Core supported many protocols: HTTP, SSL, ... ○ Worked on Windows (using IOCP) Linux (epoll) and Mac (kqueue). ○ A relatively small core with a somewhat stable API. ○ A growing ecosystem of external modules via NPM. But I was quite wrong - there was so much left to do... Critical work has kept Node growing since. ● npm (AKA "Isaac") decoupled the core Node library and allowed the ecosystem to be distributed. ● N-API is beautifully designed binding API ● Ben Noordhuis and Bert Belder built the libuv. ● Mikeal Rogers organized the governance and community. ● Fedor Indutny has had a massive influence across the code base, particularly in crypto. ● And many others: TJ Fontaine, Rod Vagg, Myles Borins, Nathan Rajlich, Dave Pacheco, Robert Mustacchi, Bryan Cantrill, Igor Zinkovsky, Aria Stewart, Paul Querna, Felix Geisendörfer, Tim Caswell, Guillermo Rauch, Charlie Robbins, Matt Ranney, Rich Trott, Michael Dawson, James Snell I have only started using Node again in the last 6 months. These days my goals are different. Dynamic languages are the right tool for scientific computing, where often you do quick one-off calculations. -
The Invention of Modern State Terrorism During the French Revolution
The Invention of Modern State Terrorism during the French Revolution Guillaume Ansart Synopsis This essay discusses three aspects of the Terror (September 1793–July 1794): (1) The Institutions of the Terror: The Committee of General Security, the Committee of Public Safety, and the Revolutionary Tribunal; (2) the Theory of Terror: The unity and indivisibility of the people, the category of enemy of the people, and the concept of Revolution as a state of war against aristocratic/foreign conspiracies; (3) the Language of Terror: The Terror is also a performative language, a language which embodies terror by aiming to silence all debate. In this sense, the language of Terror is Terror itself. Biography Guillaume Ansart is Associate Professor of French at Indiana University, Bloomington. His recent research has focused on the political culture of late eighteenth-century France, especially Raynal and Diderot’s Histoire des deux Indes and Condorcet, whose writings on the United States he has edited for Classiques Garnier and translated for Penn State UP (both forthcoming in 2012). Essay Originality of the Terror Terror, of course, has been used throughout history by despots and tyrants of every kind. Even under what Montesquieu, in The Spirit of the Laws (1748), called “moderate” governments (e.g. ancient republics or modern monarchies), the notion that times of crisis and exceptional circumstances, when the very survival of the body politic is at stake, may sometimes require the suspension of normal legal guarantees, was commonly accepted. Ancient Rome could and did rely many times on the institution of the dictatorship; French absolutism used the concept of raison d’État.