I Reunión Interparlamentaria México-Uruguay
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Zapotec Empire an Empire Covering 20 000 Sq
1 Zapotec Empire an empire covering 20 000 sq. km. This empire is thought to have included the Cen- ARTHUR A. JOYCE tral Valleys (i.e., the Valleys of Oaxaca, Ejutla, University of Colorado, USA and Miahuatlán) and surrounding areas such as the Cañada de Cuicatlán as well as regions to the east and south extending to the Pacific Archaeological and ethnohistoric evidence coastal lowlands, particularly the lower Río from Oaxaca, Mexico, suggests that Zapo- Verde Valley. These researchers argue that tec-speaking peoples may have formed small Monte Albán’s rulers pursued a strategy of empires during the pre-Hispanic era (Joyce territorial conquest and imperial control 2010). A possible empire was centered on through the use of a large, well-trained, and the Late Formative period (300 BCE–200 CE) hierarchical military that pursued extended city of Monte Albán in the Oaxaca Valley. campaigns and established hilltop outposts, The existence of this empire, however, has garrisons, and fortifications (Redmond and been the focus of a major debate. Stronger Spencer 2006: 383). Evidence that Monte support is available for a coastal Zapotec Albán conquered and directly administered Empire centered on the Late Postclassic outlying regions, however, is largely limited – (1200 1522 CE) city of Tehuantepec. to iconographic interpretations of a series of Debate concerning Late Formative Zapotec carved stones at Monte Albán known as the imperialism is focused on Monte Albán and “Conquest Slabs” and debatable similarities its interactions with surrounding regions. in ceramic styles among these regions (e.g., Monte Albán was founded in c.500 BCE on Marcus and Flannery 1996). -
The Story and Methods of the Chatino Language Documentation Project
Vol. 8 (2014), pp. 490-524 http://nflrc.hawaii.edu/ldc/ http://hdl.handle.net/10125/24615 Finding a way into a family of tone languages: The story and methods of the Chatino Language Documentation Project Emiliana Cruz University of Massachusetts at Amherst Anthony C. Woodbury University of Texas at Austin We give a narrative description of our ten-year path into the elaborate tonal systems of the Chatino languages (Otomanguean; Oaxaca, Mexico), and of some of the methods we have used and recommend, illustrated with specific examples. The work, ongoing at the time of writing, began when one of us (Cruz), a native speaker of San Juan Quiahije Chatino, entered the University of Texas at Austin as a Ph.D. student and formed, together with the other of us (Woodbury), a professor there, the Chatino Language Documentation Project, ultimately incorporating five other Ph.D. students and two other senior researchers. We argue for the importance of an interplay among speaker and non-speaker perspectives over the long course of work; a mix of introspection, hypothesis-testing, natural speech record- ing, transcription, translation, grammatical analysis, and dictionary-making as research methods and activities; an emphasis on community training as an active research context; the simultaneous study of many varieties within a close-knit language family to leverage progress; and the use of historical-comparative methods to get to know tonal systems and the roles they play at a deeper level. 0. PREAMBLE. Emiliana: My first language was Chatino. I started primary school when I was six years old. At that time, I did not speak Spanish. -
Etnia Chatinos
Del nombre Los Chatinos se llaman a si mismos Kitsecha`tnio los términos cha`tnio, cha’tña y tasa ’jnyaJ son variantes usadas en distintas comunidades para designar su propia lengua que significa “palabra trabajosa”. Localización El territorio chatino se encuentra enclavado en la Sierra Madre del Sur, en el estado de Oaxaca. Se extiende de suroeste a noroeste en el Distrito de Juquila.La población chatina se concentra sobre todo en los municipios de Santos Reyes Nopala, San Juan Quiahije, San Miguel Panixtlahuaca, Santa Cruz Zenzontepec, San Juan Lachao, Santa María Temaxcaltepec, Tataltepec de Valdés, Santiago, Yaitepec, Santa Catarina, Yololtepec y Juchatenango. Las tomas en este archivo, provienen de las últimas cuatro localidades mencionadas. Aspectos económicos Su actividad económico principal es la agricultura tradicional de temporal. Dedican una pequeña porción de su tierra al cultivo de café. Alternan con su ciclo de producción la estrategia migratoria temporal a las fincas cafetaleras del Distrito de Juquila en donde se contratan como jornaleros para el corte de café, o a la costa, para trabajar en las plantaciones agrícolas. Organización social Sus autoridades tradicionales están organizadas en un sistema de cargos con funciones civiles y religiosas. La máxima autoridad es el consejo de ancianos que representa la mayor autoridad moral en el pueblo. El trabajo del campo liga a los chatinos con la tierra, la familia y la comunidad, proporcionando así las bases de su pertenencia social, (el individuo) hombre o mujer existen como miembros de una sociedad familiar, en la que se desarrolla su vida física, productiva y en la que se hereda el derecho de usos de tierra comunal. -
Bibliografía Selecta: La Emigración En El Cine Mexicano Desde 1982 Hasta Hoy Sofía Forchieri
IBERO-AMERIKANISCHES INSTITUT PREUSSISCHER KULTURBESITZ Bibliografía selecta: La emigración en el cine mexicano desde 1982 hasta hoy Sofía Forchieri Ibero-Bibliographien 11 Creative Commons Lizenzvertrag Dieses Werk von Ibero-Amerikanisches Institut Preussischer Kulturbesitz ist lizenziert unter einer Creative Commons Namensnennung - Nicht kommerziell - Keine Bearbeitungen 4.0 International Lizenz. Berlin 2017 Ibero-Amerikanisches Institut El Instituto Ibero-Americano (IAI) en Berlín es una institución de orientación interdisciplinaria que se ocupa del intercambio científico y cultural con América Latina, el Caribe, España y Portugal. Al- berga un archivo de conocimiento del que forma parte la biblioteca especializada en el ámbito cultu- ral iberoamericano más grande de Europa. Es, además, un lugar de producción científica, transmisión de conocimiento y desarrollo cultural. La especial combinación de centro de información, centro de investigación y centro cultural hacen del IAI una plataforma para la cooperación y un catalizador para el diálogo tanto intercultural como transcultural. La serie IBERO-BIBLIOGRAPHIEN publica en intervalos periódicos bibliografías selectas de los fondos del Instituto Ibero-Americano sobre diferentes temas. Las signaturas de la biblioteca se en- cuentran al final de los asientos bibliográficos. Se puede solicitar los materiales “in situ” a través del préstamo interbibliotecario. La serie IBERO-BIBLIOGRAPHIEN puede ser descargada en el formato PDF de la página Web del Instituto Ibero-Americano: http://www.iai.spk-berlin.de Das Ibero-Amerikanische Institut (IAI) ist eine interdisziplinär orientierte Einrichtung des wissen- schaftlichen und kulturellen Austausches mit Lateinamerika, der Karibik, Spanien und Portugal. Es beherbergt ein Wissensarchiv mit der größten europäischen Spezialbibliothek für den iberoamerika- nischen Kulturraum. Darüber hinaus ist es ein Ort der Wissensproduktion, der Wissensvermittlung und der kulturellen Übersetzungen. -
Redalyc.El Ihiyotl, La Sombra Y Las Almas-Aliento En Mesoamérica
Cuicuilco ISSN: 1405-7778 [email protected] Escuela Nacional de Antropología e Historia México Martínez González, Roberto El ihiyotl, la sombra y las almas-aliento en Mesoamérica Cuicuilco, vol. 13, núm. 38, septiembre-diciembre, 2006, pp. 177-199 Escuela Nacional de Antropología e Historia Distrito Federal, México Disponible en: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=35103810 Cómo citar el artículo Número completo Sistema de Información Científica Más información del artículo Red de Revistas Científicas de América Latina, el Caribe, España y Portugal Página de la revista en redalyc.org Proyecto académico sin fines de lucro, desarrollado bajo la iniciativa de acceso abierto EL IHIYOTL, LA SOMBRA * Y LAS ALMAS-ALIENTO EN MESOAMÉRICA Roberto Martínez González Instituto de Investigaciones Antropológicas-UNAM RESUMEN: Como es sabido, en el pensamiento náhuatl el ser humano está constituido por una materia pesada ––el cuerpo físico–– y tres diferentes tipos de sustancias vitales: teyolia, la más importante de las almas; tonalli, asociada con el destino y el calor corporal; e ihiyotl, aliento vital. Conocemos bien los dos primeros, pero contamos con poca información acerca del tercero. Así pues, la intención principal del presente trabajo es construir una nueva definición del conceptoihiyotl a partir de la comparación de los datos procedentes de fuentes antiguas con las creencias mesoamericanas contemporáneas en torno al aliento vital. Para completar la imagen de este concepto, en la última sección del artículo mostraremos cuán relacionados se encuentran el antiguo ihiyotl y la moderna noción indígena de alma-sombra. ABSTRACT: As we know, in the ancient Aztec image of man, the human being was constituted by a heavy material ––the physical body–– and three different kinds of vital substances named teyolia, the most important of souls; tonalli, related with destiny and body heat; and ihiyotl, vital breath. -
Dismantling Racism in the Food System Special Multi-Authored Series on Racism and Liberation in the Food System
Dismantling Racism in the Food System Special multi-authored series on racism and liberation in the food system Issue Brief Number 11: Summer 2019 Part II: The People Went Walking How Rufino Dominguez Revolutionized the Way We Think About Migration By David Bacon, edited by Luis Escala Rabadan Photo copyright © 2019 by David Bacon. This publication is the second part of a three part Issue Brief on the life of the radical organizer, Rufino Dominguez. This Issue Brief is part of Food First’s Dismantling Racism in the Food System Series. This Issue Brief has also been translated into Spanish. CIOAC survived in San Quintin until the early 2000s, fighting more as the years went by for land on which migrants from Oaxaca could build houses and settle permanently. Benito Garcia was eventually expelled, however, and from the PSUM as well. Rufino organized OPEO, and helped CIOAC in San Quintin, through 1984. Then he left with his wife for the other side of the border. By then his first son, Lenin, had been born in San Quintin. “I got married in 1983, although I didn’t want to,” he began working not just with people from San Miguel remembered later. “I wanted to devote my life com- Cuevas, but from other towns as well, like Teotitlan pletely to organizing. We need to organize and it de- del Valle. We set up more committees of the OPEO in mands a great deal, but if you have a family you can’t Madera and Fresno.” dedicate yourself completely to this commitment. Once I got married, I had to come to the U.S. -
Year in Review Contents
I NTER -A MER I C A N F OUND A T I ON Year in Review Contents Board of Directors and Advisory Council . 4 Foundation Staff . 6 Message from the Chair . 8 President’s Report . 10 Financial and Statistical Information . 12 Awards by Country Argentina . .14 Bolivia . .16 Brazil . 18. Colombia . 20 Dominican Republic . 22 www.iaf.gov Ecuador . 24 El Salvador . 26 Guatemala . 28 Haiti . 29 Honduras . 30 Latin American Regional . 31. Mexico . 32 Nicaragua . 34 Panama . 36 Paraguay . 38 Peru . 40 Supplemental Grants for Disaster Relief . 42 INTER-AMERICAN FOUNDATION th RedEAmérica Program . 44 901 N. Stuart Street, 10 floor Arlington, VA 22203 Office of Evaluation . 45 U.S.A. Dissemination . 46 Tel: (703) 306-4301 • Fax: (703) 306-4365 Web site: www.iaf.gov Cover: Centro de Textiles Tradicionales de Cusco (CTTC) received a supplementary grant in 2006 toward restoring the weaving legacy of villages in the Peruvian highlands near Machu Picchu. Front cover photo: Tim Wells. Back cover: Wilbur Wright. 2 0 0 6 IN R EVIEW Inter-American Foundation October 1, 2005 to September 30, 2006 Publication Editor: Paula Durbin Translation Supervisor: Darío Elías Photo Editor: Mark Caicedo Design and Printing: United States Government Printing Office HEIDI SMITH I NTE R -A ME R IC A N F OUND A TION 2006 in Review he Inter-American Foundation (IAF), an independent foreign assistance agency of the United States government, provides grants for grassroots development in Latin TAmerica and the Caribbean. Created by Congress in 1969, the IAF responds to self-help development projects proposed by grassroots groups and the organizations that support them. -
(Three-Part) Structure of a Paper Or Book on Monte Alban
OUTLINE OF CHAPTER TWO Ignacio Bernal’s Affirmation of Intercultural Admixing: Monte Albán as a Microcosm of Mesoamerica and Model for Modern Mexico……….….140 I. From Alfonso Caso to Ignacio Bernal: Major Similarities and Significant Differences……….……………………………………………………………143 II. A Guiding Narrative Theme: Mexican National Identity and the Fortuitous Consequences of Intercultural Admixing………...………………………….....146 A. Ancient Peoples as Modern Models: Appealing Pre-Columbians, Ambiguous Religious Piety and Advantageous “Cultural Fusion”………………..147 B. Archaeological Syntheses and/or Museum Displays: Composing and Extracting a Five-Stage, Six-Actor Story of Monte Albán……………………151 III. The Sequence of Events: Ignacio Bernal’s Historical (Re)construction…………………..157 A. The Valley of Oaxaca in Advance of Monte Albán: A Distinctive, Independent and Sturdy Cultural Presence………………………………………..157 B. Period I: The Early Ascent of Monte Albán: Indigenous Oaxacan Founders and Olmecoid Influences………………………………………………..160 1. An Absence of Small Beginnings: The Monte Albán Origins of Writing, Calendrics and Monumental Architecture…………………….161 2. Mitigating the Mother Role of Olmecs: Oaxacan Autonomy from and Indebtedness to Gulf Coast Peoples….………………………….163 C. Period II: The Continuing Ascent of Monte Albán: A Combination of Oaxacan Receptivity and Mayanoid Stimulation……………………………….168 1. Popular Continuity and Elite Innovation: An Emphasis on Religious, Artistic and Architectural Elaboration, not Military Prowess……………..169 2. Oaxacan Resilience and Receptivity: Cooperative not Coercive Intercultural Exchange……………………………………………………..171 D. Period IIIA: Early Classic Monte Albán: Teotihuacan Influences and the Origins of Zapotec Culture…………………………………………………….175 1. “Cultural Fusion” Par Excellence: From Four-Party Conglomerate to the Birth of a Distinctive Zapotec Culture………………………………176 2. The Teotihuacan and Monte Albán Relationship: Continuing Oaxaca Autonomy and Receptivity………………………………………..178 E. -
INTERVENCIÓN INSTITUCIONAL Y MIGRACIÓN EN LA REGIÓN TRIQUI BAJA María Dolores París Pombo El Colegio De La Frontera Norte
2011 Mexican Rural Development Research Reports INTERVENCIÓN INSTITUCIONAL Y MIGRACIÓN EN LA REGIÓN TRIQUI BAJA María Dolores París Pombo El Colegio de la Frontera Norte Reporte 20 INTERVENCIÓN INSTITUCIONAL Y MIGRACIÓN EN LA REGIÓN TRIQUI BAJA María Dolores París Pombo Departamento de Estudios Culturales El Colegio de la Frontera Norte, Tijuana ÍNDICE ÍNDICE .................................................................................................................................................. 2 LISTA DE SIGLAS Y ACRÓNIMOS............................................................................................................ 4 RESUMEN DEL LIBRO ............................................................................................................................ 6 INTRODUCCIÓN .................................................................................................................................. 13 CAPÍTULO 1 ........................................................................................................................................ 21 LA ESPIRAL DE VIOLENCIA POLÍTICA Y LA INTERVENCIÓN .................................................................. 21 DEL ESTADO MEXICANO EN LA TRIQUI BAJA ...................................................................................... 21 Violencia política e intervención del Estado ................................................................................. 24 Con o sin el Estado ........................................................................................................................ -
Otomanguean Historical Linguistics: Past, Present and Prospects for the Future
Campbell, Eric W. 2017. Otomanguean historical linguistics: past, present and prospects for the future. Language & Linguistics Compass 11: e12240. -- this copy may differ slightly from published version 1 Otomanguean historical linguistics: past, present and prospects for the future 2 Abstract 3 Among the linguistic lineages of Mesoamerica, the Otomanguean family is the most diverse 4 and most widely spread. Long occupying a central position in one of the cradles of human 5 civilization, speakers of Otomanguean languages have played important roles in the region, 6 about which their languages have much to tell. However, Otomanguean is perhaps the least 7 understood of the major Mesoamerican language families, due to its great diversity, the 8 remarkable structural complexity of Otomanguean languages, and the history of the field of 9 Otomanguean historical linguistics, which has seen great achievement alternating with periodic 10 controversy and doubt. With a focus on the higher levels and more ancient time depths of the 11 family, this article surveys Otomanguean historical linguistic work and presents a state of the 12 art perspective on Otomanguean classification, reconstruction, linguistic prehistory, remaining 13 challenges, and prospects for the future. 14 1 Introduction 15 Otomanguean is an expansive language family that has been centered around the core of the 16 Mesoamerican cultural (Kirchhoff 1967[1943]) and linguistic area (Campbell et al. 1986) for 17 as long as we can detect. It extends a little beyond the northern limits of Mesoamerica into the 18 state of San Luis Potosí, Mexico (Pame), and it previously reached as far south as the Gulf of 19 Nicoya along the Pacific slope of Costa Rica (Mangue). -
Social Exclusion and the Negotiation of Afro-Mexican Identity in the Costa Chica of Oaxaca, Mexico
Social Exclusion and the Negotiation of Afro-Mexican Identity in the Costa Chica of Oaxaca, Mexico. Inaugural-Dissertation zur Erlangung der Doktorwürde der Philosophischen Fakultät der Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg i. Br. vorgelegt von Tristano Volpato aus Verona, Italien WS 2013/2014 Erstgutachter: Prof. Hermann Schwengel Zweitgutachterin: Prof. Julia Flores Dávila Vorsitzender des Promotionsausschusses der Gemeinsamen Kommission der Philologischen, Philosophischen und Wirtschafts- und Verhaltenswissenschaftlichen Fakultät: Prof. Dr. Bernd Kortmann Datum der Fachprüfung im Promotionsfach: 07 Juli 2014 Social Exclusion and the Negotiation of Afro-Mexican Identity in the Costa Chica of Oaxaca, Mexico. Tristano Volpato Nr.3007198 [email protected] II I acknowledge Prof. Schwengel, for the opportunity to make concrete an important proyect for my professional life and individual psychological growing, since he was in constant cooperation with me and the work; Prof. Julia Flores Dávila, who accompanied me during the last six years, with her human and professional presence; my parents, who always trusted me; Gisela Schenk, who was nearby me in every occasion, professonal and daily. Finally I want to specially thank all those people of the Costa Chica who, during the process, allowed me to understand better their identity and offered a great example of Mexicanity and humanity. III IV Contents Prefacio ............................................................................................................................ -
Mexico and Central America: a Delayed Encounter Mexico and Central America: a Delayed Encounter
Mexico and Central America: A Delayed Encounter Mexico and Central America: A Delayed Encounter The surprise arrival of massive migrant contingents (known as “caravans”) to the border between Guatemala and Mexico constituted a watershed in the history of Central American migration to the United States through Mexican territory. This text is published by the Mexican Council on Foreign Relations (COMEXI) in order to contribute to the discussion in Mexico, in the United States and in Central America itself. The contribution of Central American social activists and academics with their local perspectives enhances and complements their Mexican counterparts’ reflections and proposals. Now is the time to undertake concrete measures for this delayed encounter. Consejo Mexicano de Asuntos Internacionales Sierra Mojada 620-502, Lomas de Chapultepec, 11000 Ciudad de México. Tel. (55) 5202-3776 consejomexicano.org comexiac @comexi comexiac comexiac Mexico and Central America: A Delayed Encounter Board Mexico and Central America: A Delayed Encounter Chairman Luis Rubio Coordinator Gustavo Mohar Former Chairmen Enrique Berruga Authors Andrés Rozental Marco A. Alcázar Fernando Solana (†) Salvador Arriola Jaime Zabludovsky Oscar Chacón Jorge Durand Vice Presidents Yolanda González Cerdeira Sergio Alcocer Carlos Heredia Solange Márquez Demetrios G. Papademetriou Carlos Quesnel Board Members Mauricio Reyes Agustín Barrios Gómez Úrsula Roldán Carlos Camacho Joaquín Villalobos Magdalena Carral Beatriz Zepeda Eduardo Guerrero Enrique Hidalgo Editor and Compiler Eduardo Ibarrola Axel Cabrera Beatriz Leycegui Julio Madrazo Martha Mejía Lourdes Melgar Gustavo Mohar Vanessa Zárate Treasurer Timothy Heyman Technical Secretary and Legal Counsel Miguel Jáuregui Former Executive Director Mariana Campero Executive Director Verónica Ortiz Ortega The Mexican Council on Foreign Relations, COMEXI (by its acronym in Spanish— Consejo Mexicano de Asuntos Internacionales), is a non-profit Civil Association dedicated to the study, analysis, and dialogue on international relations.