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A Beautiful Environment and a Healthy Future

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A Beautiful Environment and a Healthy Future A Beautiful Environment and A Healthy Future 04 Minister’s Message 06 Overview of Korea and its Environment Republic of Korea in Figures Korea’s Environment at a Glance Comprehensive Plan for National Environment (2006-2015) 10 Achievements in 2005 and Major Tasks for 2006 and beyond 12_Major Environmental Policy Accomplishments for 2005 14_Acts Revised in 2005 16_Major Tasks for 2006 and beyond 18 Environmental Status of Korea 20_Nature 26_Air 28_Water 32_Soil and Groundwater 34_Waste 36_International Environmental Cooperation 40 Outline of MOE Policies Contents 42_Coexistence of Environment and Economy 43_Environmental Health Policy & Management of Hazardous Chemicals 43_Nature Conservation 44_Air Quality Management 46_Water Quality Management 48_Improvement of Water Supply Systems 50_Circulatory Waste Resources Management System 52_Partnership with Interested Parties and Environmental Education 53_Environmental Dispute Resolution 54 Featured MOE Policies & Efforts 56_Environmental Health Plan for 2006-2015 59_Recommended Standards for Indoor Air Quality of New Apartments 61_Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) System 64_Electronic Waste Manifest System 66 Appendix 68_About MOE Organization Chart Personnel 2006 Budget MOE Headquarters & Functions Regional Offices & Subsidiary/Affiliated Organizations 74_MOE Environmental Laws 75_Environmental Quality Standards Air Noise Water (river & stream, lake, groundwater) Drinking Water (tap water, bottled water, public well) Soil The Ministry of Environment of the Republic of Korea (MOE) will exert strenuous efforts to make the Korean Peninsula and the earth a place full of life and a healthy eco-community, and I believe that Green Korea 2006 will work as a great tool to realize that goal. Minister s Message The most important value of the 21st century is the Sustainability that integrates the environment, economy, and society, and the environment is particularly important in that the quality of life is interconnected with the environment. Due to the growth policy that started in the 1960s, Korea was under serious environmental pressure. However, we have succeeded to overcome environmental problems, and we are carrying out various policies to build A Beautiful Environment and A Healthy Future in which human beings and the ecosystem live in harmony. This year, the Korean government had the 2nd Environmental Performance Reviews published by the OECD in September. According to the OECD reviewers, since the first Environmental Performance Review in 1997, Korea has made “striking progress” in air management, water infrastructure, water management, waste management, and nature/biodiversity protection. OECD made 54 recommendations, and the Korean government promised to set up an implementation plan to follow up with the recommendations. MOE will take the lead in this mission. These remarkable achievements are particularly rewarding and valuable since they were not borne out by the government’s regulations but by Korean people’s environmental awareness and commitment. Currently, we are shifting the paradigm of supplier-oriented policy to receptor- oriented policy, focusing on various priority projects including implementation of environmental health policy for the people, conservation of healthy and lively national environment, improvement of living environment, and establishment of sustainable economy. Green Korea 2006 4 "A Beautiful Environment and A Healthy Future" While each country’s environmental policy is different from one another, the principle of Harmonizing Development and Conservation would be common to all countries. When the global stakeholders like each country, international organization, and environmental group gather heads and work together, a win-win synergy will be created, and when every country’s environmental policies and experience are put together, each country will benefit from them through minimizing the trial and error in their policy. In an effort to share the Korean experience with the world, MOE has collected the cases of Korea’s environmental policy and published them in Green Korea annually since 1999. Upon the publication of Green Korea 2006, MOE has added new contents to the existing environmental policies including Korea’s environmental status in each area such as air, water quality, and waste. Also, more detailed explanation on the well-received policies including the Comprehensive Ten Year Environmental Health Plan, Recommended Indoor Air Quality Standards for Newly Constructed Apartments, Strategic Environmental Assessment, and Electronic Waste Manifest System are included in this publication. I hope that Green Korea 2006 helps raise the awareness of the importance of environment and also contributes to resolving global environmental problems. December 2006 Lee Chi-Beom Minister of Environment Republic of Korea Ministry of Environment Republic of Korea 5 Republic of Korea in Figures Korea’s Environment at a Glance Comprehensive Plan for National Environment (2006-2015) Republic of Korea(ROK) in Figures Area : 99,646.16 km2 Population : 47,041,434 (end of 2005 est.) Capital : Seoul Government Type : Republic Religion : No affiliation 46.48%, Christian 18.32%, Catholic 10.94%, Buddist 22.8%, Confucianist 0.22%, Other 1.24% National Assembly : Unicameral National Assembly or Kukhoe(299 seats-members elected for four-year term; 243 in single-seat constituencies, 56 by proportional representation) Administrative Divisions : 9 provinces(Do) and 7 metropolitan cities(Gwangyoksi) GNI per capita : $ 16,291 (2005 est.) Currency : South Korean Won(KRW) Climate : Four seasons, temperate, with rainfall heavier in summer than winter Map of Korea Source : www.korea.net Green Korea 2006 8 "A Beautiful Environment and A Healthy Future" Korea s Environment at a Glance Areas Indicators Unit Level Noise(night, residential area, roadside, Busan) Leq dB(A) 64( 04) NO2(yearly average, Seoul) ppm 0.034 Living Environment Waterworks supply % 90.1( 04) Sewerage system supply % 81.4( 04) National Biological Species (discovered) 1,000 species 30 Ecosystem Protected Nature Area % 9.6 Renewable energy supply/ % 2.1 Natural Resources primary energy supply Recycled municipal wastes % 49.2 R&D in ET/National total R&D % 5.3 Environmental Environmental protection expenditure/ GDP % 1.7( 03) Economy Green Procurement (Public institutions) % 31 Environmental Additional deaths due to air pollution persons 9.5( 03) Society (out of 10,000 persons) Ton/1,000 USD Global Environment CO2 emission per GDP 0.88( 02) GDP Source : Ministry of Environment Comprehensive Plan for National Environment (2006-2015) Vision Building a more sustainable & advanced nation Goals Maintaining and increasing environmental capacity of the Korean Peninsula Establishing a society that realizes environmental equity among & within generations Creating a system for sustainable resource use Building a stable and eco-friendly economic system 7 core strategies Conservation of sustainable nature Efficient management of natural resources Establishing a safe and comfortable living environment Building interdependent relationship between economy and environment Creating a basis for environmental equity Enhancing environmental cooperation in Northeast Asia Taking the lead in global efforts for sustainable development Ministry of Environment Republic of Korea 9 Major Environmental Policy Accomplishments for 2005 Acts Revised in 2005 Major Tasks for 2006 and beyond Major Environmental Policy Accomplishments for 2005 The year 2005 saw the MOE s policy focus shift from a media-oriented approach to receptor- oriented one, which is based on interested parties joint participation and cooperation, and aims at establishing an Environmentally Advanced Nation where human beings and nature can coexist. A Healthy Environment for a Good Life For the purpose of evaluating the environmental impact of land development projects from the beginning, the MOE amended relevant Acts to implement Strategic Environmental Assessment. Through creating a national eco-map and local biotope maps, the MOE has also set up the basis for a precautionary and eco-friendly management of land. Furthermore, to establish an eco-network for the Korean peninsula, the MOE designated the Baekdu Daegan Mountain Range Protection Area (2,634 ), established conservation measures for the ecosystem of the DMZ and its vicinity, developed a conservation plan for coastal regions and islands, and set up a basic plan for the protection of special islands, thereby preparing a framework for the management of three core ecological axes. Protection of Public Health by Strengthening the Function of Environmental Health The MOE set up the Comprehensive Ten Year Environmental Health Plan, aiming at shifting the environmental policy centered on media such as air, water, etc., to that oriented to receptors like human and ecosystem, thereby formulating the basis for a new environmental health policy which includes the verification of interconnection between pollution and environmental disease and the establishment of preventive system for health impact. In order to strictly control indoor air quality and prevent Sick House Syndrome, the MOE announced a list of construction materials that discharge pollutants and restricted their use, thereby reducing substances that cause Sick House Syndrome at the construction stage. In addition, the MOE also prepared recommended standards for indoor air quality, particularly concerning formaldehyde and volatile organic compounds used in newly constructed
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