Lara De Mendonça André the Relevance of Sentience
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Foucault and Animals
Foucault and Animals Edited by Matthew Chrulew, Curtin University Dinesh Joseph Wadiwel, The University of Sydney LEIDEN | BOSTON For use by the Author only | © 2017 Koninklijke Brill NV Contents Foreword vii List of Contributors viii Editors’ Introduction: Foucault and Animals 1 Matthew Chrulew and Dinesh Joseph Wadiwel PART 1 Discourse and Madness 1 Terminal Truths: Foucault’s Animals and the Mask of the Beast 19 Joseph Pugliese 2 Chinese Dogs and French Scapegoats: An Essay in Zoonomastics 37 Claire Huot 3 Violence and Animality: An Investigation of Absolute Freedom in Foucault’s History of Madness 59 Leonard Lawlor 4 The Order of Things: The Human Sciences are the Event of Animality 87 Saïd Chebili (Translated by Matthew Chrulew and Jefffrey Bussolini) PART 2 Power and Discipline 5 “Taming the Wild Profusion of Existing Things”? A Study of Foucault, Power, and Human/Animal Relationships 107 Clare Palmer 6 Dressage: Training the Equine Body 132 Natalie Corinne Hansen For use by the Author only | © 2017 Koninklijke Brill NV vi CONTENTS 7 Foucault’s Menagerie: Cock Fighting, Bear Baiting, and the Genealogy of Human-Animal Power 161 Alex Mackintosh PART 3 Science and Biopolitics 8 The Birth of the Laboratory Animal: Biopolitics, Animal Experimentation, and Animal Wellbeing 193 Robert G. W. Kirk 9 Animals as Biopolitical Subjects 222 Matthew Chrulew 10 Biopower, Heterogeneous Biosocial Collectivities and Domestic Livestock Breeding 239 Lewis Holloway and Carol Morris PART 4 Government and Ethics 11 Apum Ordines: Of Bees and Government 263 Craig McFarlane 12 Animal Friendship as a Way of Life: Sexuality, Petting and Interspecies Companionship 286 Dinesh Joseph Wadiwel 13 Foucault and the Ethics of Eating 317 Chloë Taylor Afterword 339 Paul Patton Index 345 For use by the Author only | © 2017 Koninklijke Brill NV CHAPTER 8 The Birth of the Laboratory Animal: Biopolitics, Animal Experimentation, and Animal Wellbeing Robert G. -
It's a (Two-)Culture Thing: the Laterial Shift to Liberation
Animal Issues, Vol 4, No. 1, 2000 It's a (Two-)Culture Thing: The Lateral Shift to Liberation Barry Kew rom an acute and, some will argue, a harsh, a harsh, fantastic or even tactically naive F naive perspective, this article examines examines animal liberation, vegetarianism vegetarianism and veganism in relation to a bloodless culture ideal. It suggests that the movement's repeated anomalies, denial of heritage, privileging of vegetarianism, and other concessions to bloody culture, restrict rather than liberate the full subversionary and revelatory potential of liberationist discourse, and with representation and strategy implications. ‘Only the profoundest cultural needs … initially caused adult man [sic] to continue to drink cow milk through life’.1 In The Social Construction of Nature, Klaus Eder develops a useful concept of two cultures - the bloody and the bloodless. He understands the ambivalence of modernity and the relationship to nature as resulting from the perpetuation of a precarious equilibrium between the ‘bloodless’ tradition from within Judaism and the ‘bloody’ tradition of ancient Greece. In Genesis, killing entered the world after the fall from grace and initiated a complex and hierarchically-patterned system of food taboos regulating distance between nature and culture. But, for Eder, it is in Israel that the reverse process also begins, in the taboo on killing. This ‘civilizing’ process replaces the prevalent ancient world practice of 1 Calvin. W. Schwabe, ‘Animals in the Ancient World’ in Aubrey Manning and James Serpell, (eds), Animals and Human Society: Changing Perspectives (Routledge, London, 1994), p.54. 1 Animal Issues, Vol 4, No. 1, 2000 human sacrifice by animal sacrifice, this by sacrifices of the field, and these by money paid to the sacrificial priests.2 Modern society retains only a very broken connection to the Jewish tradition of the bloodless sacrifice. -
COURT of APPEALS of the STATE of NEW YORK ------X in the Matter of a Proceeding Under Article 70 of the CPLR for a Writ of Habeas Corpus
COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------x In the Matter of a Proceeding under Article 70 of the CPLR for a Writ of Habeas Corpus, THE NONHUMAN RIGHTS PROJECT, INC., on Index Nos. 162358/15 behalf of TOMMY, (New York County); Petitioner-Appellant, 150149/16 (New York -against- County) PATRICK C. LAVERY, individually and as an of Circle L Trailer Sales, Inc., DIANE LAVERY, and CIRCLE L TRAILER SALES, INC., Respondents-Respondents, THE NONHUMAN RIGHTS PROJECT, INC., on behalf of KIKO, Petitioner-Appellant, -against- CARMEN PRESTI, individually and as an officer and director of The Primate Sanctuary, Inc., CHRISTIE E. PRESTI, individually and as an officer and director of The Primate Sanctuary, Inc., and THE PRIMATE SANCTUARY, INC., Respondents-Respondents. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------x MEMORANDUM OF LAW IN SUPPORT OF MOTION FOR PERMISSION TO APPEAL TO THE COURT OF APPEALS Elizabeth Stein, Esq. Steven M. Wise, Esq. 5 Dunhill Road (of the Bar of the State of New Hyde Park, New York Massachusetts) 11040 By Permission of the Court (516) 747-4726 5195 NW 112th Terrace [email protected] Coral Springs, Florida 33076 (954) 648-9864 [email protected] TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Table of Authorities ................................................................................... iv Argument .................................................................................................... 1 I. Preliminary Statement -
Misadventures of Sentience: Animals and the Basis of Equality
animals Article Misadventures of Sentience: Animals and the Basis of Equality Federico Zuolo Department of Classics, Philosophy and History, University of Genova, via Balbi 30, 16126 Genova, Italy; [email protected] Received: 31 October 2019; Accepted: 27 November 2019; Published: 29 November 2019 Simple Summary: Equal moral worth in animal ethics is an elusive moral notion not only because of the notorious human prejudice but also because grounding equal moral worth requires attending to the problem of the basis of equality. How can we ground equality given that all human and nonhuman individuals vary in all the morally considerable features? John Rawls claimed that we can use range properties, namely properties that are equally possessed by all people who pass a certain threshold of moral relevance (e.g., the age of majority gives equal right to vote). In this paper, I critically discuss two different attempts to defend an egalitarian theory in animal ethics: Alasdair Cochrane’s and Peter Singer’s. The former seeks to eschew the problem of range properties by appealing to a binary property naturally possessed by all sentient beings (the property of having interests). His attempt fails because this property has the same problems as range properties. The latter dispenses with equal moral worth altogether by defending the principle of equal consideration of interests. I argue that this principle has weak egalitarian credentials. I conclude by outlining the conditions that a sound theory in animal ethics should meet. Abstract: This paper aims to put in question the all-purposes function that sentience has come to play in animal ethics. -
2. Animal Ethics
2. Animal ethics It was started to provide animal welfare and stop cruel practices on animals, for example factory farming, animal testing, using animals for experimentation or for entertainment. In the most of Western philosophy animals were considered as beings without moral standing, namely those that do not have to be included into our moral choices. The very typical example of this approach is the Cartesian one, according to Rene Descartes (1596-1650), animals are just simple machines that cannot experience pain. The philosopher was known for making vivisections on living animals and claiming that none of the animals could feel the pain during this. In consequence of this approach until modern times there were conducted many unnecessary and cruel experiments with animal usage, also animal’s condition at factory farms or in entrainment were terrible. All these practices caused a huge amount of suffering of animals. The approach to animals was changed with Peter Singer’s influential book on Animal Liberation (1975). Singer raised the issue that animals can suffer and amount of suffering that they experience is not worth what we gain from these cruel practices. His argumentation was utilitarian, which is one of the approaches of normative ethics. Deontological and utilitarian argumentation in animal ethics Normative ethics aims at providing moral standards that regulate right and wrong conduct. This may involve articulating the good habits that we should acquire, the duties that we should follow, or the consequences of our behavior on others. The most popular approaches to normative theory are: deonotology and conseqentialism. The word deontology derives from the Greek words for duty (deon) and science (or study) of (logos). -
Legal Personhood for Animals and the Intersectionality of the Civil & Animal Rights Movements
Indiana Journal of Law and Social Equality Volume 4 Issue 2 Article 5 2016 Free Tilly?: Legal Personhood for Animals and the Intersectionality of the Civil & Animal Rights Movements Becky Boyle Indiana University Maurer School of Law, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://www.repository.law.indiana.edu/ijlse Part of the Law Commons Publication Citation Becky Boyle, Free Tilly?: Legal Personhood for Animals and the Intersectionality of the Civil & Animal Rights Movements, 4 Ind. J. L. & Soc. Equality 169 (2016). This Student Note is brought to you for free and open access by the Law School Journals at Digital Repository @ Maurer Law. It has been accepted for inclusion in Indiana Journal of Law and Social Equality by an authorized editor of Digital Repository @ Maurer Law. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Indiana Journal of Law and Social Equality Volume 4, Issue 2 FREE TILLY?: LEGAL PERSONHOOD FOR ANIMALS AND THE INTERSECTIONALITY OF THE CIVIL & ANIMAL RIGHTS MOVEMENTS BECKY BOYLE INTRODUCTION In February 2012, the District Court for the Southern District of California heard Tilikum v. Sea World, a landmark case for animal legal defense.1 The organization People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) filed a suit as next friends2 of five orca whales demanding their freedom from the marine wildlife entertainment park known as SeaWorld.3 The plaintiffs—Tilikum, Katina, Corky, Kasatka, and Ulises—were wild born and captured to perform at SeaWorld’s Shamu Stadium.4 They sought declaratory and injunctive relief for being held by SeaWorld in violation of slavery and involuntary servitude provisions of the Thirteenth Amendment.5 It was the first court in U.S. -
Equality, Priority and Nonhuman Animals*
Equality, Priority and Catia Faria Nonhuman Animals* Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Department of Law [email protected] http://upf.academia.edu/catiafaria Igualdad, prioridad y animales no humanos ABSTRACT: This paper assesses the implications of egali- RESUMEN: Este artículo analiza las implicaciones del iguali- tarianism and prioritarianism for the consideration of tarismo y del prioritarismo en lo que refiere a la conside- nonhuman animals. These implications have been often ración de los animales no humanos. Estas implicaciones overlooked. The paper argues that neither egalitarianism han sido comúnmente pasadas por alto. Este artículo de- nor prioritarianism can consistently deprive nonhuman fenderá que ni el igualitarismo ni el prioritarismo pueden animals of moral consideration. If you really are an egali- privar de forma consistente de consideración moral a los tarian (or a prioritarian) you are necessarily committed animales no humanos. Si realmente alguien es igualitaris- both to the rejection of speciesism and to assigning prior- ta (o prioritarista) ha de tener necesariamente una posi- ity to the interests of nonhuman animals, since they are ción de rechazo del especismo, y estar a favor de asignar the worst-off. From this, important practical consequen- prioridad a los intereses de los animales no humanos, ces follow for the improvement of the current situation of dado que estos son los que están peor. De aquí se siguen nonhuman animals. importantes consecuencias prácticas para la mejora de la situación actual de los animales no humanos. KEYWORDS: egalitarianism, prioritarianism, nonhuman ani- PALABRAS-CLAVE: igualitarismo, prioritarismo, animales no hu- mals, speciesism, equality manos, especismo, igualdad 1. Introduction It is commonly assumed that human beings should be given preferential moral consideration, if not absolute priority, over the members of other species. -
Death-Free Dairy? the Ethics of Clean Milk
J Agric Environ Ethics https://doi.org/10.1007/s10806-018-9723-x ARTICLES Death-Free Dairy? The Ethics of Clean Milk Josh Milburn1 Accepted: 10 January 2018 Ó The Author(s) 2018. This article is an open access publication Abstract The possibility of ‘‘clean milk’’—dairy produced without the need for cows—has been championed by several charities, companies, and individuals. One can ask how those critical of the contemporary dairy industry, including especially vegans and others sympathetic to animal rights, should respond to this prospect. In this paper, I explore three kinds of challenges that such people may have to clean milk: first, that producing clean milk fails to respect animals; second, that humans should not consume dairy products; and third, that the creation of clean milk would affirm human superiority over cows. None of these challenges, I argue, gives us reason to reject clean milk. I thus conclude that the prospect is one that animal activists should both welcome and embrace. Keywords Milk Á Food technology Á Biotechnology Á Animal rights Á Animal ethics Á Veganism Introduction A number of businesses, charities, and individuals are working to develop ‘‘clean milk’’—dairy products created by biotechnological means, without the need for cows. In this paper, I complement scientific work on this possibility by offering the first normative examination of clean dairy. After explaining why this question warrants consideration, I consider three kinds of objections that vegans and animal activists may have to clean milk. First, I explore questions about the use of animals in the production of clean milk, arguing that its production does not involve the violation of & Josh Milburn [email protected] http://josh-milburn.com 1 Department of Politics, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK 123 J. -
Vegetarian Ecofeminism: a Review Essay
Vegetarian Ecofeminism: A Review Essay Gaard, Greta Claire. Frontiers: A Journal of Women Studies, Volume 23, Number 3, 2002, pp. 117-146 (Article) Published by University of Nebraska Press DOI: 10.1353/fro.2003.0006 For additional information about this article http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/fro/summary/v023/23.3gaard.html Access provided by Tsinghua University Library (23 Apr 2013 06:09 GMT) 08-N2534 1/17/03 8:47 AM Page 117 Vegetarian Ecofeminism A Review Essay greta gaard Although the roots of ecofeminism can be located in the work of women gar- deners, outdoor enthusiasts, environmental writers, botanists, scientists, ani- mal welfare activists, and abolitionists over the past two centuries, ecofemi- nism’sfirst articulation in the 1980s was shaped by the convergence of the peace, antinuclear, and feminist movements. In the past two decades ecofeminism has developed so rapidly that the time for a broad review of it has already passed; even recent taxonomies do not adequately describe its internal variations. For these reasons, I have chosen to trace the branch of ecofeminism that has been the subject of most disagreement by feminists, ecofeminists, and environmen- talists and is the least understood. This misunderstanding (and the subsequent misrepresentation) of vegetarian ecofeminism must be addressed, I will argue, because this branch of ecofeminism is the logical outgrowth of both feminism and ecofeminism. For if ecofeminism can be seen as the offspring of feminism, then vegetarian ecofeminism is surely feminism’s third generation. Since its inception ecofeminism has had a contentious relationship with the idea of animal liberation. While some ecofeminists have remained silent on the topic of animals, others have emphasized the oppression of nonhuman ani- mals (speciesism) as implicit within an ecofeminist analysis, arguing that speciesism functions like and is inherently linked to racism, sexism, classism, heterosexism, and naturism. -
JAHR 4-2011.Indd
JAHR Vol. 2 No. 4 2011 UDK 575.4:17.03 Conference paper Eve-Marie Engels* Th e importance of Charles Darwin‘s theory for Fritz Jahr‘s conception of bioethics "Man in his arrogance thinks himself a great work. worthy the interposition of a deity, more humble & I believe true to consider him created from animals."** Charles Darwin, 1838 ABSTRACT Fritz Jahr is a pioneer of bioethics. In this article I will present and outline Jahr’s bioethical programme with a special emphasis on Charles Darwin’s role in Jahr’s ethics. According to Jahr, useful and effi cient animal protection can only be practised well if we have enough knowledge of nature. Jahr refers to Darwin who revolutionised our view of life and of the relationship between the human being and the rest of living nature. In the fi rst introductory section I will shortly present Jahr’s overall perspective and his bioethical imperative. I will also give a very short sketch of today’s bioethics. In the second and third section I will outline Dar- win’s revolutionary theory and its application to the human being. I will also present some of the reactions of his contemporaries which refl ect Darwin’s achievement for our understanding of living nature. In the fourth section I will go back to Fritz Jahr and will present and discuss diff erent aspects of his approach in more detail. A fi nal quotation from Hans Jonas about the dialectical character of Darwinism will trenchantly highlight Darwin’s importance for Fritz Jahr’s ethics. -
Interfaces Cerebro-Máquina Y El Problema Ético De La Agencia”
Rev Bio y Der. 2019; 46 Revista de Bioética y Derecho Perspectivas Bioéticas www.bioeticayderecho.ub.edu - ISSN 1886-5887 EDITORIAL . 1 Os desafios do RGPD perante as novas tecnologias blockchain. 117 DOSSIER SOBRE INTELIGENCIA ARTIFICIAL, Maria Paula Rebelo ROBÓTICA E INTERNET DE LAS COSAS SECCIÓN GENERAL Monográfico coordinado por Mónica Navarro-Michel La eutanasia como antídoto del suicidio. 133 Las narrativas de la inteligencia artificial. 5 José Martín Amenabar Beitia Manuel Jesús López Baroni Consentimiento presunto a las técnicas de Traducir el pensamiento en acción: reproducción humana asistida post mortem. Interfaces cerebro-máquina y el problema Criterios para su regulación en Argentina. 149 ético de la agencia. 29 Leonardo Geri Aníbal Monasterio Astobiza et al. Análisis de la estrategia alimentaria The Extension of Legal Personhood en la acogida de personas refugiadas in Artificial Intelligence. 47 en Cataluña (España). 167 Pin Lean Lau Laila Vivas O ciborgue no limiar da humanidade: Perspectiva ética de la rehabilitación redefinindo a pessoa natural. 67 basada en la comunidad en el contexto chileno. 185 Hellen Marinho Amorim, Renato César Cardoso Ana Calle Carrasco et al. Riesgos y vulnerabilidades de la denegación de servicio distribuidos en internet de las cosas . 85 BIOÉTICA EN LOS TRIBUNALES Jairo Márquez Díaz Los animales no humanos como titulares de derechos legales: la sentencia del Alto Tribunal Régimen jurídico de blockchain en de Uttarakhand en el caso Narayan Dutt Bhatt el derecho probatorio: una prueba atípica. 101 contra el Estado de Uttarakhand y otros.. 203 Letícia Melo Víctor Crespo Santiago BSERVATORI DE IOÈTICA I RET DE LA NIVERSITAT DE ARCELONA O B D U B La Revista de Bioética y Derecho se creó en 2004 a iniciativa del Observatorio de Bioética y Derecho (OBD), con el soporte del Máster en Bioética y Derecho de la Universidad de Barcelona: www.bioeticayderecho.ub.edu/master. -
Speciesism: a Form of Bigotry Or a Justified View? Evelyn Pluhar
-------~------------ - SPECIESISM: A FORM OF BIGOTRY OR A JUSTIFIED VIEW? EVELYN PLUHAR Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity Fayette Campuscampus Editor's Note: An abridgedabridged version of this paper and thethe commentary on it by Prof.Prof. Sapontzis were delivered atat the December, 1987, meetingmeeting of the Society for the StudyStudy of Ethics and Animals held inin New York City.City. g~;~~~:Fr:iiil~~JmoDs. He ..... York: Dover, 1979 We humans tend to view ourselves as the paradigms of morally considerable beings. Humans, it is often claimed, are the most morally valuable (perhaps the ~ morally PHILOSOPHY valuable) beings on this planet. It is commonly assumed that "lesser" beings 83 BRIWEENBEIWEEN THE SPECIES should be sacrificed for our benefit. When For those who continue to think that it is not pressed to provide a rational defense for the wrong to eat and vivisect non humans, but belief in human pre-eminence, philosophers indefensible to do so to even less well have argued that our autonomous, richly mentally endowed humans, the issue should complex lives warrant our special status. be very pressing indeed. They stand accused Few, however, have argued that humans who of moral inconsistency by two very are incapable of autonomy may properly be different groups. Those who have become sacrificed to further the interests of normal convinced that moral considerability is not humans. restricted to humanity are urging that we cease even the painless exploitation of It was inevitable that this prima facie non humans. According to quite another, inconsistency would be challenged. Writers very disturbing view, we should consider like Peter Singer and Tom Regan advanced exploiting mentally defective humans in the argument from marginal cases to show addition to nonhumans.