RULE BOOK Table of Contents

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

RULE BOOK Table of Contents RULE BOOK Table of Contents 1.0 Introduction ............................................................ 2 11.0 Strategic Movement ............................................... 11 2.0 Game Components ................................................. 2 12.0 Regular Movement ................................................ 12 3.0 Set Up .................................................................... 4 13.0 Combat ................................................................... 13 4.0 How to Win ............................................................ 5 14.0 STAVKA & OberOst ............................................. 15 5.0 The Turn Sequence ................................................ 6 15.0 The Brusilov Offensive .......................................... 16 6.0 Central Powers Cooperation .................................. 6 16.0 Russian Plan 19 ...................................................... 17 7.0 Random Events ...................................................... 6 17.0 Schlieffen East Variant ........................................... 17 8.0 Stacking ................................................................. 8 Player’s Notes ................................................................. 17 9.0 Supply .................................................................... 8 Designer’s Notes ............................................................. 18 10.0 New Units & Withdrawals ..................................... 9 GMT Games, LLC • P.O. Box 1308, Hanford, CA 93232-1308 www.GMTGames.com 2 When Eagles Fight Rules Manual 1.0 Introduction 2.2 The Game Map The map represents the militarily significant terrain found on the eastern front during World War I. A hexagonal (“hex”) grid is 1.1 In General printed over the map to regulate the placement and movement of When Eagles Fight (or WEF) is a two-player game simulating units. A unit is considered to be in only one hex at any one time. the campaigns fought between the Central Powers and Czarist Each hex contains natural and/or manmade terrain features that Russia, from Tannenberg in1914 to the fall of the Romanovs in can affect the movement of units and the combat between units. 1917. Players step into the shoes of the front commander of their The manmade and natural terrain on the map has been altered side. The Central Powers player is generally on the offensive, from their real-world configurations to fit within the hex-grid, but attempting to capture enough Russian cities to bring on revolu- the relationships between the terrain from hex to hex are accurate tion in that empire. But the Russian army has remarkable staying to the degree necessary to present players with the same space/ power and is capable of delivering powerful blows of its own. time dilemmas faced by their historic counterparts. Each hex on the map has a four-digit identification number. They 1.2 Game Scale help you find places more quickly (for example, Warsaw is in Each turn represents one or two months, depending on the sea- hex 2419), and allow you to record unit positions if a match has son. Each hex equals 25 miles from side to opposite side. Units to be interrupted and the game temporarily put away before it are mostly corps, with a few divisions, representing between can be finished. 10,000-60,000 men each. The charts and tracks on the map are used for recording and resolving game functions. Details on their uses are explained in 1.3 Time Limits the appropriate rules sections below. After you have become familiar with the game, we recommend limiting each player to no more than eight minutes total for his 2.3 The Counters New Units & Withdrawals, Strategic Movement and Movement Phase of each turn. The other phases may take as much time as There are 264 counters included in the game, most of which rep- needed, but allow no more than 15 seconds for a player to decide resent combat units; a few others are provided as informational whether he will fight a particular battle. This rule not only speeds markers and memory aids. After reading through these rules at play, but forces players to make hurried decisions of the kind least once, carefully punch out the counters. Trimming the cor- faced by their historical counterparts. ners with a fingernail clipper will facilitate handling during play. Each combat unit counter displays several pieces of information: 1.4 List of Game Terms nationality, historical identification, unit size, combat strengths, Following is a list of acronyms used in When Eagles Fight, what regular movement allowance, replacement status, turn of entry each stands for, and the main rule reference for each. or initial placement hex. CRT - Combat Results Table (13.8) 2.4 Sample Combat Units DRM - Die Roll Modifier (13.11) This unit is the Austro-Hungarian 1st Corps. It is a one-step infan- MA - Movement Allowance (12.1) try corps with an attack strength (factor) of 6, a defense strength MPs - Movement Points (12.1) of 7, and a movement allowance of 4. It starts Game Turn 1 in OOS - Out of Supply (9.1) hex 2425. The asterisk means this unit can’t be reclaimed from the Deadpile (see 2.12 and 10.12). TEC - Terrain Effects Chart VPs - Victory Points (4.1) Setup hex Unit ID WEF - When Eagles Fight, the name of this game Unit Size Unit cannot be Unit Type reclaimined from 2.0 Game Components Deadpile Attack Defense Movement Factor Factor Factor 2.1 Component List The components of When Eagles Fight are as follows. One 176-counter 5/8" countersheet One 88-counter 5/8” countersheet One 22"x34" mapsheet Two Player Aid cards (identical) This rulebook © 2014 GMT Games, LLC When Eagles Fight Rules Manual 3 2.5 Nationality 2.8 Unit Size A unit’s nationality, and therefore its “side,” is indicated by its A unit’s organizational size is indicated by the follow symbols. color scheme. XXX – Corps The Central Powers Side: XX – Division II – Battalion German units – Blue-gray Design Note: A bracket atop a unit’s size symbol means it’s an Austro-Hungarian units – Light Gray irregular or ad hoc formation of that approximate size. Note also the fortress infantry units don’t have size symbols. Their The Russian Side: peculiarities are discussed in 13.15. Russian units – Dark Green 2.9 Attack & Defense Factors Romanian unit – Yellow These two “combat factors” are separate measures of a unit’s ability to conduct offensive and defensive combat operations. *Design Note: The Turkish Corps is considered “German” Their use is explained in section 13.0. for all game purposes (but see 10.2). 2.10 Movement Factor 2.6 Historical Identification This number is a measure of a unit’s ability to move across the Each unit is identified by a number and/or a letter abbreviation hex grid printed on the map. Units pay different movement costs of their full historical names. The abbreviations are listed in the to enter different hexes, depending on the terrain in the hexes box below. This information is provided for historical interest; entered. it does not affect play. 2.11 Steps BL – Breslau Landwehr LTV – Latvian All units in the game are either “one-step” or “two-step” units. C – Caucasus NWF – Northwest Front Those with printing on only one side are “one-step units;” those CR – Combined Reserve PL – Posen Landwehr with printing on both sides are “two-step units.” FN – Finnish R – Reserve Important Exception: See rule 2.12 below. FNR – Finnish Reserve RM – Romanian The steps contained in a unit are a direct measure of its ability FR – Fortress Reserve S – Siberian to absorb combat losses before being eliminated. When a unit G – Guard SWF – Southwest Front is “eliminated” it doesn’t mean every individual within it has GN – Grenadier TL – Thorn Landwehr been killed. It means enough casualties and equipment losses have been sustained by that unit to render it useless for further GR – Guard Reserve TN – Turkistani combat operations. H – Hungarian TU – Turkish If a two-step unit “takes a step loss,” it is flipped over so its KMR – Kummer Group WL – Woyrsch Landwehr reduced side (the one with the lower combat and/or movement L – Landwehr values) shows. If a one-step unit (or a two-step unit that had al- ready been “reduced” once) takes a step loss, it is removed from 2.7 Unit Types the map (eliminated) and placed in the Deadpile. The symbols in the center of the counters indicate the kinds of Play Note: The “Deadpile” is any handy off-map location for units used during these campaigns. They are: keeping eliminated units. Infantry 2.12 Austro-Hungarian Step Strength German Active Corps Though it may not appear like it after first reading rule 2.11, all Austro- Fortress Infantry Hungarian units in the game are one- Cavalry step units, including those with printing on both sides (such as illustrated above). The printing on the Siege Guns reverse of the Austro-Hungarian units represents those forma- tions’ strengths after being reformed from the Deadpile. re 2.11, Deadpile: Kai notes: there is no specific Example: The Austro-Hungarian 1st Corps starts the game as “Deadpile” on the map or player aid cards. This is a 6-7-4 containing one step; disregard the information on the reverse side. After the 1st is eliminated in play—by suffering a an undefined term at this point in the rules. step loss—it goes into the Deadpile. If the Central Powers player © 2014 GMT Games, LLC 4 When Eagles Fight Rules Manual expends a replacement point, the 1st can be returned to play, but 2.14 Schlieffen East and Free Set Up Units as a one-step corps with factors of 3-4-3 (on the reverse side). From that time on, no matter how many times the unit goes in and out of the Deadpile, the original 6-7-4 side is ignored and the unit is always represented in play as a one-step 3-4-3. Design Note: What we’re getting at here is the fact the Austro- These units are used in the Schlieffen (17.0) and Free Set Up Hungarian army had certain morale and strength levels (3.9) scenarios, as denoted by “SEV” and “FS” (respectively) in available to it at the start of the war that it was never able to the counters’ upper left corner.
Recommended publications
  • Polish Battles and Campaigns in 13Th–19Th Centuries
    POLISH BATTLES AND CAMPAIGNS IN 13TH–19TH CENTURIES WOJSKOWE CENTRUM EDUKACJI OBYWATELSKIEJ IM. PŁK. DYPL. MARIANA PORWITA 2016 POLISH BATTLES AND CAMPAIGNS IN 13TH–19TH CENTURIES WOJSKOWE CENTRUM EDUKACJI OBYWATELSKIEJ IM. PŁK. DYPL. MARIANA PORWITA 2016 Scientific editors: Ph. D. Grzegorz Jasiński, Prof. Wojciech Włodarkiewicz Reviewers: Ph. D. hab. Marek Dutkiewicz, Ph. D. hab. Halina Łach Scientific Council: Prof. Piotr Matusak – chairman Prof. Tadeusz Panecki – vice-chairman Prof. Adam Dobroński Ph. D. Janusz Gmitruk Prof. Danuta Kisielewicz Prof. Antoni Komorowski Col. Prof. Dariusz S. Kozerawski Prof. Mirosław Nagielski Prof. Zbigniew Pilarczyk Ph. D. hab. Dariusz Radziwiłłowicz Prof. Waldemar Rezmer Ph. D. hab. Aleksandra Skrabacz Prof. Wojciech Włodarkiewicz Prof. Lech Wyszczelski Sketch maps: Jan Rutkowski Design and layout: Janusz Świnarski Front cover: Battle against Theutonic Knights, XVI century drawing from Marcin Bielski’s Kronika Polski Translation: Summalinguæ © Copyright by Wojskowe Centrum Edukacji Obywatelskiej im. płk. dypl. Mariana Porwita, 2016 © Copyright by Stowarzyszenie Historyków Wojskowości, 2016 ISBN 978-83-65409-12-6 Publisher: Wojskowe Centrum Edukacji Obywatelskiej im. płk. dypl. Mariana Porwita Stowarzyszenie Historyków Wojskowości Contents 7 Introduction Karol Olejnik 9 The Mongol Invasion of Poland in 1241 and the battle of Legnica Karol Olejnik 17 ‘The Great War’ of 1409–1410 and the Battle of Grunwald Zbigniew Grabowski 29 The Battle of Ukmergė, the 1st of September 1435 Marek Plewczyński 41 The
    [Show full text]
  • 132 March 2019
    Romanov News Новости Романовых By Ludmila & Paul Kulikovsky №132 March 2019 The monument to the Royal Martyrs at the St. Seraphim Cathedral in Vyatka "For the first time in 100 years, a descendant of the Romanovs appeared in Vyatka" From 17 to 20 of March the great-great-grandson of Alexander III, the great-grandson of Grand Duchess Olga Alexandrovna - the sister of Emperor Nicholas II - Paul E. Kulikovsky and his wife Ludmila visited Vyatka. They were invited by the regional public organization "Revival of Vyatka". Paul E. Kulikovsky - "Kirov, or Vyatka as we prefer to call the city, was one of the places on our "to-visit-list", as we want to visit all the places in Russia directly related to the Romanovs, and especially those in which the Romanovs were in exile after the revolution. That is why first of all were visited Romanov related locations and city landmarks. But for the local citizens the main event was a presentation of the book of memoirs of Grand Duchess Olga Alexandrovna “25 Chapters of my life”, followed by a press- conference. City history The city is actually called Kirov - in honour of one of the Stalin co- workers – Sergei Kirov killed in 1934 – but many citizens still use the historical name Vyatka. It was established in 1174. From 1457 to 1780 it was called Khlynov, from 1780 to 1934 Vyatka, and now Kirov. It is the administrative centre of the Kirov region and located on the Vyatka River, 896 km northeast of Moscow. Population is about 507,155 (2018).
    [Show full text]
  • Soldier, Structure and the Other
    CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by Helsingin yliopiston digitaalinen arkisto SOLDIER, STRUCTURE AND THE OTHER SOCIAL RELATIONS AND CULTURAL CATEGORISATION IN THE MEMOIRS OF FINNISH GUARDSMEN TAKING PART IN THE RUSSO- TURKISH WAR, 1877-1878 Teuvo Laitila Dissertation in Cultural Anthropology, University of Helsinki, Finland, 2001 1 ISSN 1458-3186 ISBN (nid.) 952-10-0104-6 ISBN (pdf) 952-10-105-4 Teuvo Laitila 2 ABSTRACT SOLDIER, STRUCTURE AND THE OTHER:SOCIAL RELATIONS AND CULTURAL CATEGORISATION IN THE MEMOIRS OF FINNISH GUARDSMEN TAKING PART IN THE RUSSO-TURKISH WAR, 1877-1878 Teuvo Laitila University of Helsinki, Finland I examine the influence of Finnish tradition (public memory) about the ’correct’ behaviour in war and relative to the other or not-us on the ways the Finnish guardsmen described their experiences in the Russo-Turkish war, 1877-1878. Further, I analyse how the men’s peacetime identity was transformed into a wartime military one due to their battle experiences and encounters with the other (the enemy, the Balkans and its civilian population) and how public memory both shaped this process and was reinterpreted during it. Methodologically I combine Victor Turner’s study of rituals as processes with Maurice Halbwachs’s sociologial insights about what he termed mémoire collective and what I have called public memory, and Eric Dardel’s geographical view about the meaning of space in remembering. My sources are the written recollections of the Finnish guardsmen, both volunteers and professionals. I have broken each recollection (nine together) down into themes (military ideals, views of the enemy, battle, the civilians or Bulgarians, etc.) and analysed them separately, letting every author tell his story about each thema.
    [Show full text]
  • Inside Russia
    INSIDE RUSSIA For the past seven months we have all read more about the German­ Sov'iet war than about any other single subject. We have followed the military events, the diplomatic side shows, the economic consequences of this struggle. Yet hardly anything is known about one of the two antagonists, the USSR. More than ever Russia appears a strange, mysterious land whioh few understand and many have given up trying to understand. One can read very l·ittle in the press outside Russia about what is goillg on in the Red Empire, f01 there are only a few foreign corre­ spondents left in Russia. Those who are still there are usually far from the front, and limit themselves mainly to reporting the boastful speeches of Losovsky. Moreover they are too close to events to be able to discern the great developments. But out here there are means of following the inner development of the USSR-the Soviet papers and particularly the Soviet broadcast. By turning the dial of the receiving set and tuning in on the Russian programs of Moscow, Khabarovsk, Irktitsk, Vladivostok, or other stations, yott can keep yottr fingers on the pulse of the Soviet Union. For several months, in fact ever sinc6 it became clear that something new was evolving in the Soviet Union, we have been ca'refully collecting the information gained from p'I'ess a71d radio. In a country such as the Soviet Union the really important events are never obvious. and rarely do the Soviet leaders call them by their r·ight names.
    [Show full text]
  • L.S. Akhmetova* POLITICAL WORKERS of the 316Th RIFLE DIVISION in 1941
    ISSN 1563-0242 еISSN 2617-7978 Хабаршы. Журналистика сериясы. №3 (57) 2020 https://bulletin-journalism.kaznu.kz IRSTI 03.01.29 https://doi.org/10.26577/HJ.2020.v57.i3.01 L.S. Akhmetova* Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kazakhstan, Almaty, *e-mail: [email protected] POLITICAL WORKERS OF THE 316th RIFLE DIVISION IN 1941 Based on the materials of the Central Archive of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation and the Central State Archive of the Republic of Kazakhstan, published and unpublished memoirs of surviving veterans of the division, materials of Internet bases search, lists of political workers of the 316th rifle division in 1941 were collected and prepared. In the article, as a result of studying the lists, a col- lective portrait of the political workers of the division was given, the average age of the political workers was calculated, their fates were shown, the author’s answer to the question why they became the most famous division, causing the most fierce disputes in the modern period was given. Educational, political, propaganda work in the 316th rifle division was different from other military units of 1941, the times of retreats and defeats. How did they survive? Why, retreating, they won? All these difficult issues should be studied not only in military schools, but also in schools, colleges, universities. Purpose: studying recently discovered materials of the Central archive of the Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation and Central State archive of the Republic of Kazakhstan on the 316th rifle division of I.V. Panfilov in 1941.
    [Show full text]
  • Micromark Catalogue WARGAMES ARMY LISTS Organisation Charts for WORLD WAR TWO 1937-1946
    Updated January 2021 MicroMark C atalogue JANUARY 2021 WARGAMES ARMY LISTS Organisation Charts for WORLD WAR TWO 1937-1946 WW2.5 ALTERNATIVE HISTORY LISTS FOR BKC -IV RULES THIS CATALOGUE INCLUDES ALL RELEASES UP TO & INCLUDING SALES SHEET ADD62 Sample file PAGE 1 Updated January 2021 MicroMark Welcome to the 18th MicroMark catalogue detailing 1000+ army lists covering mostly the Second World War. New releases include authorization to produce lists for Pendraken’s Blitzkrieg Commander IV rules set. What is an "army list"? it was once asked. From MicroMark, it is an A4 colour coded card sheet detailing the organisation and equipment of a particular brigade or division. Starting with combat battalions, details of squad sizes and heavy weapons within platoons are recorded, along with all support weapons, armoured vehicles, guns etc. from battalion support units. Further sections cover all combat from regiment level batteries to Army level heavy tanks and super heavy artillery and missile units. A Notes section concludes with details of allocation of radios, infantry anti-tank weapons, night-fighting equipment, as well as date restrictions as appropriate. MicroMark army lists are unique in that they are available individually - no need to buy a whole book for that one army you are interested in! This means that customers can build up their collection of lists at a rate suitable to them, perhaps as their different armies are being built up. It also means that as new sources of information are discovered, updated lists can be produced quickly (no need to wait 5 years for the second edition book....).
    [Show full text]
  • The Great Famine in Ukraine from 1930 to 1933
    THE GREAT FAMINE IN UKRAINE FROM 1930 TO 1933: AN INSTRUMENT OF NATIONALISM THEN AND TODAY By Helen Fisun Submitted to Professors Linda Gerstein and Paul Smith In partial fulfillment of the requirements of History 400: Senior Thesis Seminar 22 April 2011 ABSTRACT The Great Famine in the Soviet Union lasted between the years of 1930 and 1933. The devastation peaked in winter of 1932 and continued throughout 1933. Statistics which accurately represent the tragedy are impossible to find due to Stalin's deliberate erasure of records. These records would have depicted a scene of mass murder. It has been estimated that the Famine took around eight to ten million lives. Five to six million of these citizens belonged to the Ukrainian SSR. This occurred because of Stalin's direct targeting of the Ukrainian state in order to industrialize and modernize the Soviet Union in an unrealistic time frame. Thus, for maximum results, he instituted a system of collective farming throughout the USSR which most severely affected the peasants of the Ukrainian country side. When the peasants rebelled, refusing to be manipulated by the Soviet Regime, Stalin punished the peasantry for their defiance by instituting a man made famine through the exportation of harvested crops out of Ukraine. Furthermore, he prohibited the provision of aid, as well as the emigration of Ukrainian peasants from the countryside. This resulted in the mass starvation of the Ukrainian peasantry, killing millions of innocent victims More recently, the topic of Holodomor, the Famine in Ukraine, has resurfaced as a politically polarizing issue. Russia refuses to accept its role in the mass murder of Ukrainian people, while Ukraine asserts the Russian role as an intentional exploiter of Ukraine.
    [Show full text]
  • Rattenkrieg: Infantry Aces Stalingrad
    Rattenkrieg: Infantry Aces Stalingrad 1 Introduction: The recent release of Casino from Battle Front's Flames of War has got me thinking a lot about my favorite battle in all of WW2. STALINGRAD. I love this battle. I have watch Enemy at the Gates a hundred times, I have read Anthony Beavers book Stalingrad a hundred times, have printed every wiki article on the battle for light work reading and spent endless nights on end staring at the maps in Osprey books while my wife tried to sleep. At one point I put on a Stalingad campaign using the Blitzkreig Commander II Rules, which can be found in the AARs section of my blog. In fact Stalingrad got my blog started. We fought our way through the city and into the German counter offensive until it puttered out as all Campaigns do. I built a ton of terrain for the series of games including a grain silo and the G.U.M. Department store from scratch. We had epic house to house and block to block fights using BKC II. A new Stalingrad campaign will give me a reason to use the buildings again and replay my WW2 passion: STALINGRAD! Any way after getting my recent copy of Wargames Illustrated and reading the infantry aces sneak peeks and mini campaign sneak peak, I started to get the Stalingrad itch again. I also recently bought a Mosin Nagant which doesn't help either. For anyone who reads the FoW forums regularly, or sees any of my WW2 comments on other forums and blogs knows I have thought for a long time that Battle Front should have more Midwar briefings, specifically a Stalingrad briefing.
    [Show full text]
  • Russian Private Military Companies
    UNCLASSIFIED RUSSIAN PRIVATE MILITARY COMPANIES APRIL 2020 Their use and how to consider them in operations, competition, and conflict UNCLASSIFIED DISCLAIMER: The information contained herein is not current U.S. doctrine or policy and is not meant to supersede doctrine, commander’s guidance or established unit standard operating procedures. Examine and use the information in light of your mission, the operational environment, the Law of Armed Conflict and other situational factors. This document does not constitute the provision of additional information or the approval of additional information upon request. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A: Approved for public release; distribution unlimited. UNCLASSIFIED RUSSIAN PMCs Contents FOREWORD ................................................................................................ VII EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .............................................................................IX Key Findings ........................................................................................... ix Operational Challenges and Considerations Presented by Russian PMCs .................................................................................... x INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................ 1 Definitional Note ..................................................................................... 3 Data Limitations, Gaps, and Scoping .................................................. 4 RUSSIAN PMCS: THEIR ORIGINS AND USE .........................................
    [Show full text]
  • "Near Abroad" in an Earlier Letter to President Yeltsin on March 2, 1993
    December 1993 Volume 5; Issue 22 WWWAR OR PPPEACE??? Human Rights and Russian Military Involvement in the "Near Abroad" TTTABLE OF CCCONTENTS Introduction ..............................................................................................................................................................................1 Russian Armed Forces in the "Near Abroad" ........................................................................................................3 Legal Obligations of the Russian Federation........................................................................................................4 The Armed Conflicts............................................................................................................................................................5 Georgia .....................................................................................................................................................................5 Moldova....................................................................................................................................................................8 Tajikistan................................................................................................................................................................11 Conclusions and Recommendations .....................................................................................................................14 IIINTRODUCTION The Russian Federation is engaged in military policies in several armed
    [Show full text]
  • Moscow Discovers Soft Power Fiona Hill
    “Its vast energy resources . have the potential to make Russia a different kind of power in the twenty-first century from what it was in the twentieth. .” Moscow Discovers Soft Power FIONA HILL ussia is back on the global strategic and NATIONAL MAGNETISM economic map. It has transformed itself Russia may not be able to rival the United States Rfrom a defunct military superpower into a in the nature and global extent of its soft power. new energy superpower. Energy revenues no lon- Harvard Professor Joseph Nye, who coined the ger support a massive military-industrial complex term, has defined soft power as emanating from as they did in the Soviet period. Instead, new oil three resources: a state’s “culture (in places where wealth has been turned more into butter than it is attractive to others), its political values (where guns. And, after several years of economic growth, it lives up to them at home and abroad), and its for- Russia has a new “soft power” role that extends eign policies (where they are seen as legitimate and far beyond its energy resources. Indeed, the pen- having moral authority).” Nye notes that “the Soviet etrating forces of Russian power in Ukraine, the Union once had a good deal of soft power. Soviet Caucasus, and Central Asia are no longer the Red soft power declined even as its hard economic and Army. They are Russian natural gas and the giant military resources continued to grow. Because of its gas monopoly Gazprom. They are also Russian cul- brutal policies, the Soviet Union’s hard power actu- ture, consumer goods, and job opportunities.
    [Show full text]
  • Russian Arms Transfers to East Asia in the 1990S
    Russian Arms Transfers to East Asia in the 1990s Stockholm International Peace Research Institute SIPRI is an independent international institute for research into problems of peace and conflict, especially those of arms control and disarmament. It was established in 1966 to commemorate Sweden’s 150 years of unbroken peace. The Institute is financed mainly by the Swedish Parliament. The staff and the Governing Board are international. The Institute also has an Advisory Committee as an international consultative body. The Governing Board is not responsible for the views expressed in the publications of the Institute. Governing Board Professor Daniel Tarschys, Chairman (Sweden) Dr Oscar Arias Sánchez (Costa Rica) Sir Marrack Goulding (United Kingdom) Dr Ryukichi Imai (Japan) Dr Catherine Kelleher (United States) Dr Marjatta Rautio (Finland) Dr Lothar Rühl (Germany) Dr Abdullah Toukan (Jordan) The Director Director Dr Adam Daniel Rotfeld (Poland) Stockholm International Peace Research Institute Signalistgatan 9, S-169 70 Solna, Sweden Cable: SIPRI Telephone: 46 8/655 97 00 Telefax: 46 8/655 97 33 E-mail: [email protected] Internet URL: http://www.sipri.se Russian Arms Transfers to East Asia in the 1990s SIPRI Research Report No. 15 Alexander A. Sergounin and Sergey V. Subbotin OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 1999 Oxford University Press, Walton Street, Oxford OX2 6DP Oxford New York Athens Auckland Bangkok Bombay Calcutta Cape Town Dar es Salaam Delhi Florence Hong Kong Istanbul Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madras Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi Paris Singapore Taipei Tokyo Toronto and associated companies in Berlin Ibadan Oxford is a trade mark of Oxford University Press Published in the United States by Oxford University Press Inc., New York © SIPRI 1999 All rights reserved.
    [Show full text]