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Black Settlement House, East Greenwich, 1902-1914

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Black Settlement House, East Greenwich, 1902-1914 RHODE ISLAND HISTORY Published by Issued Quarterly at Providen ce, Rhode Isla nd, TIn RHODE I~L.",;n HI~TORICA l !iOCIETY February, May, Au/,:ust, and November. Second 51 POw n §TUfT, PROVIDE ~C[ RHODE ISLA:""D cla ss postage pa id at Providence, Rhode Island . Bradford F.Swa n, presi de n t Tabl e of Con ten ts Bayard EwinR, vice president Mrs. George EDowning. vice president The Relevance o i Congreganonal C hristian ity : Frank L. Hinckley,Ir., sec retary Barrmgmn Congregational C hurch. 1717-1967 Mrs Norman TBolles, as..~ i:s l ant secretary by W illiam G. McLoughlin 6J Townes M, Houris, lr., treasurer Duncan Hunt er Mauran, a .~ s i .Han t treasurer Alben T. Kl vberg, d irector Antislavery Agencies in Rhode Island, 1&32 -1&35 by Ionn L. Alyers 82 PUBU CATIOSS COM MITTH Stuart C. Sherman, chairman Henry L. P. Beckwi th , Jr. Op timistic Democrat: Thomas W, Don Mrs. Philip Davis and the Case of Luther vs. Borden wendel l Garren by C. Peter Magrath 94 Norman W, Sm ith STAFF Black Settlem ent House, East Green wic h, 1902-1914 by ' citr ey A. Hess 113 loci A.Cohen , PhD., editor Noel P. Co nlo n, m(/na ~i ng edi tor Mildred C. Tilley, pict ure editor Director's Newsletter 128 Th e Rhode Island Hiuoncot Society assumes n o re~porH,hiliry foropinion~ o f con llibu tors. VO LU.\\E 29, NUMBERS J e • AUCU ST A ND NOVBIBER 1910 Thomas W Ilson Dorr. "opurmsnc democrat:' from Lin rorly dnp urtrorype In the possessIOn of the M aulan family. 62 flOm ,10 lBBI j,ooklf'f Ij~lmR " O fficers of th e Ch u rch. $unddY ~hlXll and .~OC j f IJ C ' connected W Ith the Church, and Cnm"uflen lor SpecIal Church Work" comes this lamllrar sane. • The Relevance of Congregational C h ristia n ity: Barrington Con gregation al C hurch,I71 7-1967 by VVilliam c; McLlJllglIllIl" When Edmund Burke sard on the eve oi the the mstuunons of the United Stares. And finally, as a Arncncan Revolunnn that the temper of the colonies Co ngreg.monal church, J church which pr ucriced was insprrcd by "the protcvtantrsm ot Protestantism democrauc conuol oj all its own affairs including its and the drcsrdencc oi ..Iisscnt," he w,)s correct. For doctrinal beliefs hy majority vote of the members, it has Amcnca as a nnnon and a culture has been largely J valid claim to representing the will of the peo ple shaped by us Protestant ho mage. And Insofar as the in its acnons Umu:J SU!CS today is the archctvpe 01 all modern­ What did the members of this democratically run industrial cocu-ucs. the durmnant nation not only in church in a dcmocraricallv run land conside r the role of the Wesl !lUI in the world, the relevance of Protestant Chrisnunuv to be in thei r lives ! How did they relate Chnsuamtv HI uur culture mav well reflect ItS their rcl i~lou" doctrines and ethics to the secular life of relevance to the wurld 01 rhc nnure. 11 is Ircquenrlv then community, How did these doctrine.. and val ues vard th ..-sc dave that .... c .nchvmg in " .1 pocr.Chnsnan alter over the centuries ill o rder to adapt to the ..'fa " we arc certainly hving In a world where manifold sociJI, cconorruc. political, and intellec tu al Chfl'iiamty is J minority religion and w here th e most changes which tonk place! How did the church respond exrlo~I\'e torcc-, at ..... ork ,lIe the anu-Chnsnan to the inc rcasin~ pluralism of America, p3rt icularly in rdcnlogtcs 01 Communism and nauoualism. The central the nineteenth and tw entieth centuries when later prohlem regardlllg the relevance of Christianity may immi~rant .. from other pa ns of Eu rope brought ne w well be ..... hc ther ItS future I" mdr-,..olublv bound III the reliRious msrnunons and principles into the connnued world dominance of the Unucd Slates. Or. community: To what extent has th is church, 3S a 10 pur it another way, whether Chnsnnnhy is a rcprcscru.mvc of the Pu rit an tr ad ition , rem ain ed in transcendent or a culture religion. touch wnh us limes: In short, what is and h JS bee n the Thr-, is a question ..... hich only the hismnan of the relevance of the congrcganonal form 01Chrisnaruw to tut u rc can answer. Yet in microcosm, the hl~lOry of the America as a civil iaanon from 1717 to 19671 Barrington Congrcgunonal Church may provide a clue Since a ,l;1I0J historian always hegin s at the begin­ A church which can trace Its Origins back over two ning. I sha ll SUIt by tryin.K to throw a little ligh t upon hundred and fitly year.. in the Ne ..... World is a church the date when this church bega n. Although Ill7 is the which hac every right to ..JV that it grew up with the dare trad nionallv given. it is not the on ly date w h ich coumry.! In addit ion . a church which was founded has been Kiven There arc at lea st five ot he r date, wor th under the religiou-, ..vvtern 01 the Ma"Jchu'etts BJy considering. The curliest of these is the vear 1663 when Colonv can ccnainlv claim an innmatc rela tion ....-irh rhc Rev lohn Myles souled in the town of Rehu both. tho..c JSpl'((S ot Purt t.uusm which did ~o much to shape M assach usetts, an d hcgan con ducti ng wor ship a mong a "Dr .\klllu~hhn Protcvsor 01 Hivturvat Brown, is rhe author ot hu'k Hudlll\ unJ tile AmHJL<ln PU'Il,II<; Tr<UlIlJon and cduor oi Isaac Hd~'k!ls on Chu rch. S[m<" unJ Ca/lIl11J.\1IJ i'amphlets. / 754 /789 This sketch IS J revised versi on of an address delivered at the l,';()th aumveo.uv celeb ration of the church on November 19. 1%7 64 CONGR.£GA nONAl CHRISTIANITY few residenes.t But while the Barrington Congregunon al who belnnged to the church complain ed to the cou nty Church ultimately resulted from this beginning, th ere court in 1707 and de m anded rhat the au thori ti es see is no good reason 10 co nsider that church the mother of thar the to..... n of Sw ansea hire a truly Qualified this. Myles' church, if it was really a church and not Cong reganonal minister to serve them. After all, he iust a loose group of informal worsh ippers in 1663 , was claimed to be the legal or official mi nister of Swansea. a Baptist church and as such it was ordered 10 be The co urt referred the matter to the legislature, but the discontinued and banished from the town of Rehoboth lcgis tarurc did nothing, SSo in Decem ber 1708, the in 1667. In October of that year the group of Baptists Congregationalists [most of whom li ved in the western who had worshipped with Myles began to worship in part of Swansea in what is no..... Barrington! persuaded 11 the newly created town of Swansea , because in fonning Harvard graduate named John Fiske (class of 1702) who this church they per m itt ed Congreganonalisrs (who had been preaching in Anleborough to co me and believed in infant ba prismlto join with thcm as eq ua l preach to them. But the selectmen of the to wn of members, there are those who argue that the year 1667 Swansea, who we re all Bapusrs, ordered the con....table was really rhe founding date of the Harrington church . 10 etccr Fisk e from the ro..... n as a vagabond who lacked Some weight is given 10 this claim by the fact that th e visible means of support.6 Some have dated the begin­ meetinghouse, built at about this lime in Swansea, was ning of the Barrington church from th e year 1 70 ~ (and actually within the present bou ndaries of th e town of some say that as ear ly as 1700 the Co ngregationalis ts Barrmgton, though it W.1S another half century before had heen holding separate worship together rath er than Barrington became a town] attend Luther's church which was moved that year BUll am not inclined III accept rhis dale any more hum Tyler'" Point to North Swansca]. But since Fisk e than the date of 166-', because the Swansea church was did not remain in town for mor e than a few months still essentially a Baptist ch urch led by a Baptist and there is no record of any church ha ving been minister and, w hen Joh n My les died in 1683 h is formed at Ih is time, the dale 170R seems eq ually successor. Elder Samuel Luther, was chosen by the una cceptable. It should beadded that the Congrega­ church members w ithout fulfilling anv of those requi re­ tionalists look the matter of Fiske'.. arrest to court and ments whi ch orthodox Co ngreganonalists conside red won their case. Hut Fiske ev ide ntly di d not feel th at h e essential and w h ich th e la ws of Massachusetts was su fficiently welcome in Swa nse a to stay around. required of all official town or parish ministe rs. Three years la ter rwcn ry-n ine Congregationalists in In the first place he was not an educated man ; in the west Swansea pcunoncd the legislature and asked to second.
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