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Introduction of Médicinal Leeches Into the West Indies in the Nineteenth Century
A study in médical history: introduction of médicinal leeches into the West Indies in the nineteenth century Roy T. SAWYER Biopharm (UK) Ltd, 2 Bryngwili Road, Hendy, Carms. SA4 1XB (UK) 102364.1027® compuserve.com Fred O. P. HECHTEL School of Biological Sciences, University of Wales, Swansea SA2 8PP (UK) James W. HAGY Department of History, University of Charleston, Charleston, SC 29424 (USA) Emanuela SCACHERI Department of Biotechnology, Pharmacia & Upjohn, Viale Pasteur 10,1-20014 Nerviano, Milano (Italy) Sawyer R. T., Hechtel F. O. P., Hagy J. W. & Scacheri E. 1998. — A study in médical histo ry: introduction of médicinal leeches into the West Indies in the nineteenth century. Zoosystema 20 (3) : 451-470. ABSTRACT Médicinal leeches were not found in the West Indies prior to 1822, but by the turn of the century, a large, aggressive leech abounded on Puerto Rico, St Lucia, Martinique and other islands. The authors conclude that this "Caribbean leech", described as Hirudinaria {Poecilobdella) blanchardi Moore, 1901, is a junior synonym of the "buffalo" leech Hirudinaria manillensis (Lesson, 1842), the médicinal leech of India and neighbouring countries of South-East Asia. The final proof of the true identity of this West Indian leech came from comparison of the nucleotide séquences of the cDNAs of the hirudin polypeptide from leeches from St Lucia and from Bangladesh. The authors présent évidence that this leech arrived from ships carrying labourers from colonial India starting in the mid-1840's. Each of thèse ships were required to have leeches on board for médicinal purposes. KEY WORDS Hirudinea, During this study, the existence of a second introduced leech species in the Hirudinaria, West Indies was unexpectedly discovered, in Guadeloupe. -
List of OBC Approved by SC/ST/OBC Welfare Department in Delhi
List of OBC approved by SC/ST/OBC welfare department in Delhi 1. Abbasi, Bhishti, Sakka 2. Agri, Kharwal, Kharol, Khariwal 3. Ahir, Yadav, Gwala 4. Arain, Rayee, Kunjra 5. Badhai, Barhai, Khati, Tarkhan, Jangra-BrahminVishwakarma, Panchal, Mathul-Brahmin, Dheeman, Ramgarhia-Sikh 6. Badi 7. Bairagi,Vaishnav Swami ***** 8. Bairwa, Borwa 9. Barai, Bari, Tamboli 10. Bauria/Bawria(excluding those in SCs) 11. Bazigar, Nat Kalandar(excluding those in SCs) 12. Bharbhooja, Kanu 13. Bhat, Bhatra, Darpi, Ramiya 14. Bhatiara 15. Chak 16. Chippi, Tonk, Darzi, Idrishi(Momin), Chimba 17. Dakaut, Prado 18. Dhinwar, Jhinwar, Nishad, Kewat/Mallah(excluding those in SCs) Kashyap(non-Brahmin), Kahar. 19. Dhobi(excluding those in SCs) 20. Dhunia, pinjara, Kandora-Karan, Dhunnewala, Naddaf,Mansoori 21. Fakir,Alvi *** 22. Gadaria, Pal, Baghel, Dhangar, Nikhar, Kurba, Gadheri, Gaddi, Garri 23. Ghasiara, Ghosi 24. Gujar, Gurjar 25. Jogi, Goswami, Nath, Yogi, Jugi, Gosain 26. Julaha, Ansari, (excluding those in SCs) 27. Kachhi, Koeri, Murai, Murao, Maurya, Kushwaha, Shakya, Mahato 28. Kasai, Qussab, Quraishi 29. Kasera, Tamera, Thathiar 30. Khatguno 31. Khatik(excluding those in SCs) 32. Kumhar, Prajapati 33. Kurmi 34. Lakhera, Manihar 35. Lodhi, Lodha, Lodh, Maha-Lodh 36. Luhar, Saifi, Bhubhalia 37. Machi, Machhera 38. Mali, Saini, Southia, Sagarwanshi-Mali, Nayak 39. Memar, Raj 40. Mina/Meena 41. Merasi, Mirasi 42. Mochi(excluding those in SCs) 43. Nai, Hajjam, Nai(Sabita)Sain,Salmani 44. Nalband 45. Naqqal 46. Pakhiwara 47. Patwa 48. Pathar Chera, Sangtarash 49. Rangrez 50. Raya-Tanwar 51. Sunar 52. Teli 53. Rai Sikh 54 Jat *** 55 Od *** 56 Charan Gadavi **** 57 Bhar/Rajbhar **** 58 Jaiswal/Jayaswal **** 59 Kosta/Kostee **** 60 Meo **** 61 Ghrit,Bahti, Chahng **** 62 Ezhava & Thiyya **** 63 Rawat/ Rajput Rawat **** 64 Raikwar/Rayakwar **** 65 Rauniyar ***** *** vide Notification F8(11)/99-2000/DSCST/SCP/OBC/2855 dated 31-05-2000 **** vide Notification F8(6)/2000-2001/DSCST/SCP/OBC/11677 dated 05-02-2004 ***** vide Notification F8(6)/2000-2001/DSCST/SCP/OBC/11823 dated 14-11-2005 . -
From Yokuts to Tule River Indians: Re-Creation of the Tribal Identity On
From Yokuts to Tule River Indians: Re-creation of the Tribal Identity on the Tule River Indian Reservation in California from Euroamerican Contact to the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934 By Kumiko Noguchi B.A. (University of the Sacred Heart) 2000 M.A. (Rikkyo University) 2003 Dissertation Submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in Native American Studies in the Office of Graduate Studies of the University of California Davis Approved Steven J. Crum Edward Valandra Jack D. Forbes Committee in Charge 2009 i UMI Number: 3385709 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. UMI 3385709 Copyright 2009 by ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This edition of the work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 Kumiko Noguchi September, 2009 Native American Studies From Yokuts to Tule River Indians: Re-creation of the Tribal Identity on the Tule River Indian Reservation in California from Euroamerican contact to the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934 Abstract The main purpose of this study is to show the path of tribal development on the Tule River Reservation from 1776 to 1936. It ends with the year of 1936 when the Tule River Reservation reorganized its tribal government pursuant to the Indian Reorganization Act (IRA) of 1934. -
Section 4. Basin Setting
Eastern Tule GSA Draft GSP | Section 4 Section 4. Basin Setting Table of Contents SECTION 4. BASIN SETTING ............................................................................................................................... 4-I TABLE OF CONTENTS........................................................................................................................................... 4-I 4.1 INTRODUCTION [23 CCR § 354.12] ........................................................................................................ 4-1 4.2 HYDROGEOLOGIC CONCEPTUAL MODEL [23 CCR § 354.14(A)] ..................................................................... 4-1 4.2.1 GEOLOGIC SETTING [23 CCR § 354.14(B)(1), (C), (D)(1)(2)(3)] ............................................................. 4-2 4.2.2 LATERAL BASIN BOUNDARY [23 CCR § 354.14 (B)(2)] .......................................................................... 4-3 4.2.3 BOTTOM OF BASIN [23 CCR § 354.14 (B)(3)] ....................................................................................... 4-3 4.2.4 SURFACE WATER FEATURES [23 CCR § 354.14 (D)(5)] ......................................................................... 4-4 4.2.4.1 Lake Success ................................................................................................................................................. 4-4 4.2.4.2 Tule River ..................................................................................................................................................... 4-4 4.2.4.3 -
Government Gazette Staatskoerant REPUBLIC of SOUTH AFRICA REPUBLIEK VAN SUID-AFRIKA LEGAL NOTICES WETLIKE KENNISGEWINGS A
Government Gazette Staatskoerant REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA REPUBLIEK VAN SUID-AFRIKA June Vol. 648 Pretoria, 21 2019 Junie No. 42538 PART 1 OF 2 LEGAL NOTICES A WETLIKE KENNISGEWINGS ISSN 1682-5843 N.B. The Government Printing Works will 42538 not be held responsible for the quality of “Hard Copies” or “Electronic Files” submitted for publication purposes 9 771682 584003 AIDS HELPLINE: 0800-0123-22 Prevention is the cure 2 No. 42538 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, 21 JUNE 2019 IMPORTANT NOTICE OF OFFICE RELOCATION GOVERNMENT PRINTING WORKS PUBLICATIONS SECTION Dear valued customer, We would like to inform you that with effect from the 1st of August 2019, the Publications Section will be relocating to a new facility at the corner of Sophie de Bruyn and Visagie Street, Pretoria. The main telephone and facsimile numbers as well as the e-mail address for the Publications Section will remain unchanged. Our New Address: 88 Visagie Street Pretoria 0001 Should you encounter any difficulties in contacting us via our landlines during the relocation period, please contact: Ms Maureen Toka Assistant Director: Publications Cell: 082 859 4910 Tel: 012 748-6066 We look forward to continue serving you at our new address, see map below for our new location. Ctty of Tshwané r ratmng J I , Municipel l ® a--' F- I I I r t-Íe i- e N ® 4- 11111 ® ®- Loreto Convent _-Y School, Pretoria TShwane L verai nú ® L Techrtolog7 Government Printing Works [A9,li -- Publications _PAUITG 88 Visagie Street EMintys Tyres Pretori II _ D gNational Museum of Cultural- n Tshwane 9 The old Fire Station, PretoriaCentral Minnaar St Minnaar St } Sepa 9H ome This gazette is also available free online at www.gpwonline.co.za STAATSKOERANT, 21 JUNIE 2019 No. -
Miklos A. Vasarhelyi Rutgers Business School 1 Washington Park, Room 946 Newark, NJ 07102 [email protected] Mobile (201) 454-4377 Fax (973) 353-1283
Miklos A. Vasarhelyi Rutgers Business School 1 Washington Park, Room 946 Newark, NJ 07102 [email protected] Mobile (201) 454-4377 Fax (973) 353-1283 CURRENT POSITION Rutgers University: KPMG Distinguished Professor of Accounting Information Systems Rutgers Business School - Newark & New Brunswick Director, Rutgers Accounting Research Center & Continuous Auditing & Reporting Lab EDUCATION University of California, Los Angeles, Graduate School of Management, Ph.D. Major: Accounting Information Systems - Minor: Finance & Computer Methods. Dissertation Title: Man Machine Planning Systems: A Behavioral Examination of Interactive Decision Making, 1973. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Alfred P. Sloan School of Management M.S. in Management, Emphasis: Finance, 1969. Catholic University of Rio de Janiero, Brazil, B.S. Electrical Engineering, 1966. State University of Guanabara, Brazil, B.S., Economics, 1966. PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE ACADEMIC Rutgers University, Graduate School of Management, Professor of Accounting Information Systems (1999-2001), Area Chair (1989, 1992), Director of the RARC (Rutgers Accounting Research Center) (1990-Present), Director of CAR Lab (2003-Present) University of Southern Europe - Monaco, Visiting Professor (2001-2002) University of Hawaii, Visiting Professor, Summer Sessions (1994, 1995) Theseus Institute, Sophia Antipolis, France, Visiting Professor (Fall 1993); Professor Vacataire (1993-Present) Columbia University, Graduate School of Business, Associate Professor of Accounting (1978-1987); Director of the Accounting Research Center (1983-1987) University of Southern California, Department of Accounting, School of Business Administration, Assistant Professor of Accounting (1974-1978) Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Associate Professor (1972-1974). Creator and Coordinator of the MBA Program (1972-1974), Director of Rio Datacenter - 150 employees, at the time the largest data processing center in South America (1972-1974). -
Pamphlet Accompanying Microcopy No. 234 LETTERS RECEIVED BY
NATIONAL ARCHIVES MICROFILM PUBLICATIONS Pamphlet Accompanying Microcopy No. 234 LETTERS RECEIVED BY THE OFFICE OF INDIAN AFFAIRS, 1824-80 THE NATIONAL ARCHIVES NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS SERVICE GENERAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATION WASHINGTON: 1966 LETTERS RECEIVED BY THE OFFICE OF INDIAN AFFAIRS 182^-80 On the 962 rolls of this microfilm publication is reproduced the greater part of the correspondence re- ceived by the central office of the Bureau of Indian Af- fairs during the years 182^ through l880« The corre- spondence not included consists of letters and documents organized by the Bureau into various special series, which are discussed in more detail below. The Bureau of Indian Affairs was established within the War Department on March 11, l82lj, by order of Sec- retary of War John C. Calhoun (H. Doc. lU6, 1st sess., 19th Cong., p. 6). From 1789 until 182^ the administration of Indian Affairs had been under the direct supervision of the Secretary of War with the exception of the Government-, operated system of factories for trade with the Indians* From 1806 to 1822, the year of its abolition, this sys- tem was administered by a Superintendent of Indian Trade who was responsible to the Secretary of War. Six volumes of letters relating to Indian Affairs sent by the Sec- retary of War, l800-2lj, have been reproduced as Micro- film Publication 15- Letters sent by the Superintendent of Indian Trade from 1807 to 1822, also recorded in six volumes, with a seventh volume covering the office in liquidation after 1822, are reproduced as Microfilm Publication l6. The incoming letters of the Secretary of War relating to Indian affairs from 1800 to 182*4 are divided into three series. -
Wedding Ceremonies in Punjab
JPS: 11:2 Myrvold: Wedding Ceremonies in Punjab Wedding Ceremonies in Punjab Kristina Myrvold Lund University ______________________________________________________ While the religious specificities of different religious communities are underscored, the paper focuses on the shared cultural values and symbols that frame marriage ceremonies in the Punjab. The study concludes with how ritual theories help us analyse these ceremonies and assess the impact of modernity on their nature and function. ______________________________________________________ Traditional cultural practices in a society do not fade away or disappear in the face of modernization, but rather these practices transform and even become revitalized. This is illustrated in the case of religious and cultural rituals that Punjabis perform in relation to different stages of life. Rites of passage refer to a genre of rituals that people perform at major events in life--like birth, puberty, marriage and death. These types of rites characteristically mark a person’s transition from one stage of social life to another. The authoritative traditions of the world religions have sanctioned and institutionalized their own life-cycle rituals, which the followers share across different cultural and geographical contexts. Historically, religious authorities have often displayed a keen interest in defining these rituals to mark religious boundaries. Several studies that detail how Hindus, Jains, Muslim, Sikh, and Christians celebrate the birth of a child, perform weddings, and handle death in different parts of the world. Similarly, in the Punjab the core ceremonies related to these life events are distinct for every religious community, but yet they are performed within a shared Punjabi culture. This paper focuses on marriage (viah), the most celebrated life event in Punjabi society. -
Hydrogeological Conceptual Model and Water Budget of the Tule Subbasin Volume 1 August 1, 2017
Hydrogeological Conceptual Model and Water Budget of the Tule Subbasin Volume 1 August 1, 2017 Tule Subbasin Lower Tule River ID GSA Pixley ID GSA Eastern Tule GSA Alpaugh GSA Delano- Earlimart Tri-County Water ID GSA Authority GSA Prepared for The Tule Subbasin MOU Group Tule Subbasin MOU Group Hydrogeological Conceptual Model and Water Budget of the Tule Subbasin 1-Aug-17 Table of Contents Volume 1 Executive Summary ...................................................................................................................... 1 1.0 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 5 1.1 Tule Subbasin Area .......................................................................................................... 6 1.2 Types and Sources of Data ............................................................................................... 7 2.0 Hydrological Setting of the Tule Subbasin .......................................................................... 9 2.1 Location ............................................................................................................................ 9 2.2 Historical Precipitation Trends......................................................................................... 9 2.3 Historical Land Use .......................................................................................................... 9 2.4 Surface Water Features ................................................................................................. -
Beyond Créolité and Coolitude, the Indian on the Plantation: Recreolization in the Transoceanic Frame
Middle Atlantic Review of Latin American Studies, 2020 Vol. 4, No. 2, 174-193 Beyond Créolité and Coolitude, the Indian on the Plantation: Recreolization in the Transoceanic Frame Ananya Jahanara Kabir Kings College London [email protected] This essay explores the ways in which Caribbean artists of Indian heritage memorialize the transformation of Caribbean history, demography, and lifeways through the arrival of their ancestors, and their transformation, in turn, by this new space. Identifying for this purpose an iconic figure that I term “the Indian on the Plantation,” I demonstrate how the influential theories of Caribbean identity-formation that serve as useful starting points for explicating the play of memory and identity that shapes Indo-Caribbean artistic praxis—coolitude (as coined by Mauritian author Khal Torabully) and créolité (as most influentially articulated by the Martinican trio of Jean Barnabé, Patrick Chamoiseau, and Raphaël Confiant)—are nevertheless constrained by certain discursive limitations. Unpacking these limitations, I offer instead evidence from curatorial and quotidian realms in Guadeloupe as a lens through which to assess an emergent artistic practice that cuts across Francophone and Anglophone constituencies to occupy the Caribbean Plantation while privileging signifiers of an Indic heritage. Reading these attempts as examples of decreolization that actually suggest an ongoing and unpredictable recreolization of culture, I situate this apparent paradox within a transoceanic heuristic frame that brings -
Draft EIA Report: Founders Hill Extensions 19 - 21: Gaut 002/20-21/E2614
Draft EIA Report: Founders Hill Extensions 19 - 21: Gaut 002/20-21/E2614 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT MODDERFONTEIN RESIDENTIAL TOWNSHIP TO BE KNOWN AS FOUNDERS HIIL EXT. 19 - 21 TOWNSHIPS REMAINDER OF PORTION 36 OF THE FARM MODDERFONTEIN NO.35 IR: CITY OF JOHANNESBURG METROPOLITAN MUNICIPALITY REFERENCE: GAUT 002/20-21/E2614 Central Property Development Johannesburg (Pty) Ltd OCTOBER 2020 Nali Sustainability Solutions October 2020 Page 1 Draft EIA Report: Founders Hill Extensions 19 - 21: Gaut 002/20-21/E2614 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................... 11 2.0 LEGAL AND POLICY CONTEXT ................................................................................ 19 3.0 DESCRIPTION OF THE RECEIVING ENVIRONMENT.................................................. 24 4.0 INFRASTRUCTURE SERVICES ................................................................................. 41 Nali Sustainability Solutions October 2020 Page 2 Draft EIA Report: Founders Hill Extensions 19 - 21: Gaut 002/20-21/E2614 5.0 MOTIVATION FOR THE PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT ............................................... 50 6.0 PUBLIC PARTICIPATION PROCESS .......................................................................... 54 7.0 KEY FINDING FROM SPECIALIST STUDIES .............................................................. 57 Nali Sustainability Solutions October 2020 Page 3 Draft EIA Report: Founders Hill Extensions 19 - 21: Gaut 002/20-21/E2614 8.0 ENVIRONMENTAL -
Theorizing Radicalization in Pashtun Tribal Belt Along the Border of Afghanistan
• p- ISSN: 2521-2982 • e-ISSN: 2707-4587 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2019(IV-II).07 • ISSN-L: 2521-2982 DOI: 10.31703/gpr.2019(IV-II).07 Ayaz Ali Shah* Nelofar Ehsan† Hina Malik‡ Jihad or Revenge: Theorizing Radicalization in Pashtun Tribal Belt along the Border of Afghanistan • Vol. IV, No. II (Spring 2019) Abstract What this research work does is to explore the relationship • Pages: 67 – 77 between radicalization and social traditions of Badal (revenge) in the tribal area of Pakistan. What is argued is that when someone is not guilty of any crime or not involved in any unlawful acts but killed even Headings by the most powerful like Americans, his revenge is considered to be a social • Introduction obligation by his closer kin of the family. In this process, they may sometimes • Individual-Level Inter-Disciplinary join organizations like Al-Qaeda or the Taliban in vengeance and often Model of Radicalization become an active member of a terrorist organization. What may be • An Integrative Model of Conversion established is that it is not a religion but the social customs of that particular • The Edge of Violence by Bartlett, area that help the locals undergo an unavoidable process of radicalization. Birdwell, and King For any tribesman, fixing revenge is so important as only this way the victim can live with honor among his community. • The Two-Pyramid Model • References Key Words: Jihad, Radicalization, Pashtun, Tribal, Afghanistan Introduction Since the Madrid and London bombings in 2004/05, as the threat and likelihood of homegrown radicalization has increased manifold, there has been a renewed discussion on why people embrace radicalization in the policy circles in every part of the world.