America's Story Vol. 1
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Evidence That the Vinland Map Is Medieval
Anal. Chem. 2003, 75, 6745-6747 Correspondence Evidence That the Vinland Map Is Medieval Jacqueline S. Olin Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20560 The Vinland Map has been proposed to date to the mid- Also in 2002, the paper by Brown and Clark2 reported on the fifteenth century and is significant in showing the north analysis of the ink of the map. On the basis of their analyses, Atlantic area of what is now North America about 50 years they claimed that the map is a forgery. Did a forger use a before the voyages of Columbus. It has been confirmed parchment for the Vinland Map that existed but which was blank by radiocarbon dating that the map was drawn on a in the fifteenth century? It is this possibility that disallows using fifteenth century parchment; however, controversy regard- the date of the parchment as conclusive proof that the map is ing the ink of the map has persisted. Analytical studies authentic. The information needed to prove that the Vinland Map of the ink of the map have been interpreted to show that is medieval rests with the ink used to draw it. the map is a twentieth century forgery because of the presence of carbon and anatase in the ink. However, IMPORTANCE OF REFERENCE TO HISTORICAL LITERATURE IN INTERPRETATION OF carbon is known to have been added to medieval iron ANALYTICAL DATA FROM THE VINLAND MAP INK gallotannate inks, and the presence of anatase in a It is the interpretation of the analytical data obtained on the medieval ink can be explained by examining the process ink that has aroused much of the controversy surrounding the of making medieval inks. -
Two Teens and a Budget It Pays to Belong !
Two Teens and a Budget It Paysays to Belong ! Two Teens and a Budget CHAPTER 1 - ANGELA Liam always insists that the car wasn’t the last straw. But trust me, it was. At least that’s what finally made dad explode at Uncle Billy’s house. And dad, like ... never explodes. Especially at Uncle Billy. Uncle Billy is that really rich, old, great uncle that everybody wishes they could have. And we actually have him. Lucky us, except of course, there’s a catch. Uncle Billy is totally useless. Not that he’s useless. He’s, like, super successful and filthy rich, and if you ask (or don’t ask), he’s more than happy to tell you all about his first job and his second job and his third job and his first business and his second business and … you get the picture. To hear Uncle Billy tell it, he was working while he was still in diapers. Whatever. Like anybody cares. Because he doesn’t do what rich, lonely uncles are supposed to do - such as adopt and lavish me with all the good things in life. Okay, maybe he’s not that lonely. He’s got Aunt Rose to keep him company and listen to how wonderful he is. And truthfully, I wouldn’t be all that good at that. But still. I’d listen if I thought it was worth my while. Which it’s totally not. As he likes to point out, the only valuables I’ll ever be getting from his will are jewels of advice. -
Life in Two City States--- Athens and Sparta
- . CHAPTER The city-states of Sparta (above) and Athens (below) were bitter rivals. Life in Two City-States Athens and Sparta 27.1 Introduction In Chapter 26, you learned that ancient Greece was a collection of city- states, each with its own government. In this chapter, you will learn about two of the most important Greek city-states, Athens and Sparta. They not only had different forms of government, but very different ways of life. Athens was a walled city near the sea. Nearby, ships came and went from a busy port. Inside the city walls, master potters and sculptors labored in work- shops. Wealthy people and their slaves strolled through the marketplace. Often the city's citizens (free men) gathered to loudly debate the issues of the day. Sparta was located in a farming area on a plain. No walls surrounded the city. Its buildings were simple and plain compared to those of Athens. Even the clothing of the people in the streets was drab. Columns of soldiers tramped through the streets, with fierce expressions behind their bronze helmets. Even a casual visitor could see that Athens and Sparta were very different. Let's take a closer look at the way people lived in these two city-states. We'll examine each city's government, economy, education, and treatment of women and slaves. Use this graphic organizer to help you compare various aspects of life in Athens and Sparta. Life in Two City-States: Athens and Sparta 259 27.2 Comparing Two City-States Peloponnesus the penin- Athens and Sparta were both Greek cities, and they were only sula forming the southern part about 150 miles apart. -
CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS' AMERICANLAWYER: Michael A.Musmanno and the Vinland Map
CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS' AMERICANLAWYER: Michael A.Musmanno and the Vinland Map CliffTuttle UNIVERSITYPress chose the day before Columbus Day, 1965, to announce publication ofThe Vinland Map and the Tartar Relation and touch offa firestorm. 1 News- papers around the world ran front page stories. The book, said the papers, proved that Columbus was some 500YALEyears late inthe discovery sweepstakes. Many articles also reported predictable "reactions" from shocked Italian-Americans. So itwas that Pennsylvania Supreme Court Justice Michael A.Musm- anno firstlearned ofthe Vinland Map. United Press International wire service telephoned him at home inPittsburgh, looking for reaction to Yale's news release about the book. Pennsylvania Supreme Court inPittsburgh also knew where to for a Columbus Justice Michael A. Musmanno, Reporters go Day Musmanno was as passionate an admirer, advocate and a Pittsburgh son of Italian story.Justice him, Genoan's parents, spent a lifetime promoter ofthe great explorer as ever lived. For the life-long defending the fame of Italy's struggle and triumph was a lasting personal inspiration. October newspaper Christopher Columbus. stories annually attributed the discovery of America to some newpre- Opposite, Musmanno inspects Columbian, and the stories always annoyed Musmanno. This news infuriat- the "Vinland Map"in 1965 ed him. shortly after release of a book Musmanno was a senior jurist withan international reputation. Several which contained it.The book years earlier he had sat on the world's center stage as the chief prosecution provided alleged proof that witness against Nazi AdolfEichmann. He was a colorful personality who Vikings discovered North had been inthe public eye for over four decades. -
The Wild Robot.Pdf
Begin Reading Table of Contents Copyright Page In accordance with the U.S. Copyright Act of 1976, the scanning, uploading, and electronic sharing of any part of this book without the permission of the publisher is unlawful piracy and theft of the author’s intellectual property. If you would like to use material from the book (other than for review purposes), prior written permission must be obtained by contacting the publisher at [email protected]. Thank you for your support of the author’s rights. To the robots of the future CHAPTER 1 THE OCEAN Our story begins on the ocean, with wind and rain and thunder and lightning and waves. A hurricane roared and raged through the night. And in the middle of the chaos, a cargo ship was sinking down down down to the ocean floor. The ship left hundreds of crates floating on the surface. But as the hurricane thrashed and swirled and knocked them around, the crates also began sinking into the depths. One after another, they were swallowed up by the waves, until only five crates remained. By morning the hurricane was gone. There were no clouds, no ships, no land in sight. There was only calm water and clear skies and those five crates lazily bobbing along an ocean current. Days passed. And then a smudge of green appeared on the horizon. As the crates drifted closer, the soft green shapes slowly sharpened into the hard edges of a wild, rocky island. The first crate rode to shore on a tumbling, rumbling wave and then crashed against the rocks with such force that the whole thing burst apart. -
Chapter 27 Zoning Part 1 Title, Intent and Purposes
CHAPTER 27 ZONING PART 1 TITLE, INTENT AND PURPOSES § 27-101. Title; Effect on Other Provisions; When Effective. § 27-102. Authority. § 27-103. General Intent and Objectives. § 27-104. Interpretation. § 27-105. Applicability. § 27-106. Abrogation. § 27-107. Repealer. § 27-108. Severability. PART 2 OFFICIAL ZONING MAP § 27-201. Official Zoning Map. PART 3 DEFINITIONS § 27-301. Interpretation. § 27-302. Definition of Terms. § 27-303. List of Definitions. PART 4 ZONING DISTRICT REGULATIONS § 27-401. Establishment of Zoning Districts. § 27-402. Zoning District Purposes. § 27-403. Zoning District Boundaries. § 27-404. Permitted Uses, Conditional Uses and Uses by Special Exception. § 27-405. Authorized Land Uses. § 27-406. TND General Provisions. § 27-407. TND Subareas. 27:1 12/16/2014 § 27-408. TND Blocks, Streets and Parking. § 27-409. Dimensional Standards. § 27-410. Height Exceptions. § 27-411. Permitted Projections into Required Setbacks. § 27-412. Lot Access. § 27-413. Accessory Buildings, Structures, Uses and Events. § 27-414. Screening and Landscaping for Off-Street Parking and Service Structures for Nonresidential, Multifamily Dwelling/Apartments, Single-Family Attached and Mixed Uses. § 27-415. Vegetation Preservation and Buffer Yards. § 27-416. Cellar Structures. § 27-417. Fences and Walls. § 27-418. Graphic References. PART 5 SUPPLEMENTAL REGULATIONS § 27-501. Hazardous Substances. § 27-502. Fuel Pumps. § 27-503. Temporary Construction Trailers or Sheds. § 27-504. Outdoor Display and Storage. § 27-504.1. Community Gardens/Market Gardens. § 27-505. Solar Collectors and Solar-Related Equipment. § 27-506. Wind Energy Conversion Systems. § 27-507. Signage. § 27-508. Hours of Operation. § 27-509. Outdoor Storage. § 27-510. Delivery Plan. PART 6 USES BY SPECIAL EXCEPTION § 27-601. -
Annette Kolodny in Search of First Contact
In Search of First Contact The Vikings of Vinland, the Peoples of the Dawnland, and the Anglo-American Anxiety of Discovery Annette Kolodny In Search of First Contact The Vikings of Vinland, the Peoples of the Dawnland, and the Anglo- American Anxiety of Discovery ✴ Annette Kolodny Duke university Press Durham anD LonDon 2012 © 2012 Duke University Press All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America on acid- free paper ♾ Designed by C. H. Westmoreland Typeset in Chaparral Pro by Tseng Information Systems, Inc. Library of Congress Cataloging- in-Publication Data appear on the last printed page of this book. With DeeP Love anD enDLess gratituDe, this book is DeDicateD to my truest teachers, Past anD Present: Sarah Katz Rivkind and David Rivkind, doting grandparents who believed I could do no wrong Esther Rivkind Kolodny, my loving mother who did her best Blanche Gladstone, P.S. 139, Brooklyn, New York Harriet Knight Felder, Erasmus Hall High School, Brooklyn, New York Lillian Fischer Schlissel, Brooklyn College, New York Odd Nordland, University of Oslo, Norway Odd- Erik Bjarre, Oslo, Norway Stanley E. Fish, University of California, Berkeley Norman S. Grabo, University of California, Berkeley Mark Schorer, University of California, Berkeley Henry Nash Smith, University of California, Berkeley Dorothee Finkelstein, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut C. Hugh Holman, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill Per Seyersted and Brita Lindberg Seyersted, University of Oslo, Norway Gary Lindberg, University of New Hampshire, Durham Patricia Clark Smith, Mi´kmaq, University of New Mexico Arnie Neptune, Penobscot Nation elder and leader of ceremonies Wayne Newell, Passamaquoddy elder and educator James G. -
Volume 13 Number 011 Norse Settlement of North America
Volume 13 Number 011 Norse Settlement of North America - I Lead: Before Columbus, before Jamestown, before Vespucci, before Cabot, there was Leif Ericson and his Norse companions. They made the connection, completing the circle, old world to the new. Intro: A Moment in Time with Dan Roberts Content: Wanderlust is an impulse as old as humanity. The desire to settle in a single place, build villages and cities, plant crops and then defend them is a relatively recent phenomenon. From earliest of times humans were wanderers, two-legged predators following the migration trails of the beasts that provided food and clothing essential to sustain life. At some point in dimmest memory, perhaps 10,000 years ago, clans and tribal groups spilled out of central Asia across the Bering Sea or perhaps a land bridge between Siberia and Alaska into North and South America and the Caribbean Islands. There they prospered, increased in population, and developed complex societies. There appears to have been little or no contact between them and the old world they had left behind until 1000 years into the common or Christian era. Across the bitter waters of the North Atlantic came a hearty race of Norsemen, ethnic ancestors of today’s Scandinavians: Danes, Norwegians, Swedes. They are known in fearful, popular parlance as Vikings, the Norse word for pirate. Their trading and raiding expeditions into England, Scotland, Ireland, France, Germany, and Russia established their reputation as fearsome warriors, canny merchants, and restless explorers. Sometime around 965 Erik Thorvaldsson, Erik the Red, settled in for a troublesome stay in Iceland. -
The Role of the Beinecke Library in Driving Research
一橋大学社会科学古典資料センター年報39（2019） © 一橋大学社会科学古典資料センター Acquisition, Collaboration, Teaching: The Role of the Beinecke Library in Driving Research RAYMOND Clemens For the best part of its history, the Beinecke Library, founded in 1963, concentrated on acquiring significant materials that would expand the frontier of human knowledge. It has also made it possible for scholars to locate those materials by providing exemplary finding aids such as catalogs, inventories and other bibliographic tools. At the turn of the twenty-first century, under the direction of Frank Turner, and then following his passing under E.C. Schroeder, the library repositioned itself as more than a repository of useful material for scholarship. Instead, the Beinecke sought to actively engage scholars, students, and the general public through exhibits and classroom teaching and by harnessing the power of some of the new digital technologies. The relationships among people and organizations such as libraries and universities fuel the vitality that gives the Beinecke a palpable sense of energy apparent to anyone who has visited or worked there. This essay will delineate the library’s history and discuss the new programs that make the Beinecke such a unique institution. The Beinecke Library opened in 1963 and celebrated its fiftieth anniversary in 2013. The anniversary provided an opportunity to look back at the library’s founding and transformation through its relatively short history. Even those who have little knowledge about the Beinecke as an institution might still recognize -
The Vinland Map
TheThe VinlandVinland Map:Map: RealReal oror Fake?Fake? Rebecca Amata Shannon Chisholm Anne Huntington Julie Kirk ImportanceImportance • If Real… • If fake… – Proves the Vikings were – Get rich quick scheme in Greenland and North – Lots of money has been America as early as the poured into the 11th Century investigation – Could have been used – A very good forgery by by Christopher a skilled craftsman Columbus to persuade Isabella and Ferdinand to pay for his voyage HowHow thethe MapMap BecameBecame FamousFamous • Ferrajoli – Italian Book Dealer – La Seo, Saragossa Beinecke Library • Witten – Original Purchaser • Mellon – Donated to Yale University Yale University Library La Seo Cathedral TheThe VinlandVinland SagaSaga • 1956 • 1974 – Purchased by Whitten and – Walter McCrone’s testing sold to Mellon on the ink proves the map • 1965 to be a fake – British National Museum • 1996 Curators and Yale – Yale sponsors a conference University Librarians on the map publish The Vinland Map and – The second edition of The the Tartar Relation Vinland Map and the Tartar – Decide that the map is real Relation is published – The map is once again declared real The Vinland Saga, Continued • 2001 – Claimed the map is a fake • 2002 – Testing on the parchment prove that the parchment is from 1440s • 2003 – Analysis of Medieval ink making methods TheThe VinlandVinland MapMap ConferenceConference • Questioned the presenter of the map, Laurence C. Witten • Scholars from all different universities and interests came to the conference • They raised a lot of questions -
The Last Days of John Lennon
Copyright © 2020 by James Patterson Hachette Book Group supports the right to free expression and the value of copyright. The purpose of copyright is to encourage writers and artists to produce creative works that enrich our culture. The scanning, uploading, and distribution of this book without permission is a theft of the author’s intellectual property. If you would like permission to use material from the book (other than for review purposes), please contact [email protected]. Thank you for your support of the author’s rights. Little, Brown and Company Hachette Book Group 1290 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10104 littlebrown.com twitter.com/littlebrown facebook.com/littlebrownandcompany First ebook edition: December 2020 Little, Brown and Company is a division of Hachette Book Group, Inc. The Little, Brown name and logo are trademarks of Hachette Book Group, Inc. The publisher is not responsible for websites (or their content) that are not owned by the publisher. The Hachette Speakers Bureau provides a wide range of authors for speaking events. To find out more, go to hachettespeakersbureau.com or call (866) 376-6591. ISBN 978-0-316-42907-8 Library of Congress Control Number: 2020945289 E3-111020-DA-ORI Table of Contents Cover Title Page Copyright Dedication Prologue Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 — Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 — Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Chapter 24 -
Texas Direct Farm Business Guide
TEXAS DIRECT FARM BUSINESS GUIDE MICHAELA TARR CHARLES CUNNINGHAM RUSTY W. RUMLEY 1 Texas Direct Farm Business Guide Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 6 I. Using This Guide ............................................................................................................. 7 II. Overview of Administrative Agencies ......................................................................... 8 III. The Food and Drug Administration’s Food Code ...................................................... 10 IV. Texas State Department of Health .............................................................................. 10 Section 1: Farming Operations .................................................................................................... 13 Chapter 1: Structuring the Business .......................................................................................... 14 I. Planning the Direct Farm Business ................................................................................ 14 II. Choosing a Business Entity ........................................................................................ 16 III. Checklist ..................................................................................................................... 23 Chapter 2 - Setting up the Direct Farm Business:..................................................................... 24 I. Siting .............................................................................................................................