50 YEARS STRONG! Wilderness Is a Battle That Always Needs Waging by Paul Andersen

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

50 YEARS STRONG! Wilderness Is a Battle That Always Needs Waging by Paul Andersen Jon Mullen protecting wild places and wildlife, for their sake – and ours Summer 2017 50 YEARS STRONG! Wilderness is a battle that always needs waging By Paul Andersen hirty years ago I interviewed Connie Harvey about the founding of T Wilderness Workshop. Connie said she was grateful that wilderness under statutory protection would no longer need defenders. “In order to preserve the land in its natural state,” she said, “it is absolutely necessary to have the kind of protection afforded by official wilderness areas. It is wonderful to feel that it is safe, that this is one battle we won’t have to go on fighting.” Or will we? In today’s political climate, nothing is guaranteed, espe- cially the protection of wilderness. Saving the legacy of visionaries who bequeath wilderness as a national legacy will be the job of future genera- tions. “The wilderness law is good,” acknowledged Connie, “but there are people bending it all the time, so it requires constant vigilance.” Wilderness historian Rod Nash writes: “Presently, in the 48 contiguous states, protected wilderness is approximately equal to paved surfaces: each occupies about two-percent of the total land mass. Wilderness is an endangered geographical species, and our generation has the final say about its continued existence.” Fighting a protracted campaign for wilderness requires diligence, perseverance, activism and faith that the values of wilderness will always have advocates. And what better role models for that campaign than Wilderness Workshop founders Connie Harvey, Joy Caudill and Dottie Fox? Their collective vision, boldness and tenacity set a tone 50 years ago CONTINUED ON PAGE 3 SUMMER SCHEDULE PG. 13 JUNE 2012 | Wild Works 1 REFLECTIONS Dottie Fox was Aspen Wilderness Workshop’s (AWW) Board President when I was hired as the first full-time employee in 1997. Until then, AWW had been an all-volunteer organization with a hands-on board. There had been the occasional part-time staffers and short-term offices in the Wheeler Opera House and ACES, but it was a big step for AWW to employ someone full time. Dottie railed against the large national groups that spend so much money to raise money to cover over- head, money that could be going to real on-the-ground environmental work. The all-volunteer AWW had been tremendously successful, doubling the Maroon Bells-Snowmass Wilderness and securing Congressional wilderness designation for the Hunter-Fryingpan, Collegiate Peaks, West Elks and Raggeds Wilderness Areas. But that was a simpler time when the issues were more black and white and the politics more amenable to public lands protection. I was hired to lead the efforts around the White River National Forest management plan revision. The Land and Resource Management Plan (LRMP), as it is formally called, determines how every one of the 2.3 million acres of WRNF is managed, how the 5,000+ miles of roads and trails are utilized, and how the competing interests between recreation, wildlife, oil and gas, hard rock mining, ski area development, grazing, water development, and timber cutting would be balanced…a task so daunting in scope and complexity that it exceeded the capacity of the all- volunteer AWW. Dottie, along with her fellow “Belles” Connie Harvey and Joy Caudill, were notoriously frugal and, out of neces- sity, reluctantly embraced the new professional staff paradigm. When I came aboard in 1997, our membership was shrinking and had dropped below 100. AWW was well known amongst the old timers in Aspen but not much beyond. In 2004, we dropped the word Aspen from our name, to be known simply as the Wilderness Workshop. Though much of the land around Aspen was protected as wilderness, many ecologically important areas across the White River National Forest still needed an advocate. Plus, it didn’t always help to show up in the more conservative towns and counties advertising that we are from Aspen and here to help! Twenty years later, it seems the gambit has paid off. It’s our 50th Anniversary Year and our reach has never been greater. Our mailing list is 6,000 strong. We are a force known to politicians, academics, and land managers. We provide leadership to and collaborate with our colleague organizations across the state, banded together through the Southern Rockies Conservation Alliance. We’re blazing trails with our work pushing back against the oil and gas industry’s destructive practices. Our conservation initiatives are manifesting into legislation such as the Thompson Divide and Continental Divide Bills. (Have a look at the timeline on this newsletter’s center spread highlighting select accomplishments). WW now has a full-time staff of seven working every day to protect and conserve your public lands. We deploy a full toolbox to inform, educate, coax, cajole, argue, and, when we must, fight through the courts to ensure positive ecological outcomes for our beloved wild places. None of this would be possible without the enduring partner- ship we have with this community of wildlands lovers. Your moral support buoys our spirits. Your financial support enables us to bring a powerful voice to the table on your behalf. We are honored to do this important work on your behalf. Unfortunately, the tension between conservation and exploitation isn’t going away anytime soon. So, here’s to another 50 years! I hope Dottie, who passed away in 2006, approves. —Sloan Shoemaker, Executive Director 2 Wild Works | JUNE 2012 2 Wild Works | Summer 2017 Summer 2017 | Wild Works 3 John Fielder How can these FROM PAGE 1 50 YEARS STRONG! efforts be kept alive into the uncertain that carries on today. 430,353 acres of rugged mountains, future? Hopton re- These determined women were as glacially carved valleys and diverse flects: “There are a lot passionate as the early suffragettes, wildlife. These lands provide a clean of gray heads in the having found their moral calling in watershed and healthy air shed, and wilderness movement wilderness preservation. Starting they represent the heartfelt passion today. What we need in the mid-‘60s, they spent two of wilderness protectors who will to do is make sure decades forming coalitions, studying go on working hard to preserve the we instill the love of maps, ground-truthing the land, wid- legacy of pristine creation, sanitiz- wilderness in the next ening boundaries and using creative ing it from man’s meddling and the generations.” WW helped establish keystone political action to more than double direct influences of modern indus- Wilderness values wilderness areas; today, the the size of the 80,000-acre Maroon trial life. must be inspired organization works to protect mid-to-low elevation migration Bells-Snowmass Wilderness Area to again and again from “Wilderness Workshop has corridors and riparian habitats, its present 181,976 acres. accomplished a lot,” says long-time what moralist Albert as well. Their individual efforts began board member and wilderness activ- Schweitzer concluded shortly after passage of the Wilder- ist Charles Hopton, “but it still needs over a century ago. “The great fault ness Act of 1964 with letter writing protection in perpetuity. The same of all ethics hitherto has been that at their dining room tables. Then holds true with environmental pro- they believed themselves to have came the need to formalize an tection. We need to remain diligent to deal only with the relations of organization and create an identity because laws change, and some man to man… A man is ethical only to give their mission clout. As a congressman could say, ‘Let’s make when life, as such, is sacred to him, result, Wilderness Workshop was a Disneyland at Maroon Bells!’ We that of plants and animals, as well as born in 1967. can’t rest on our laurels. We can’t that of his fellow men.” Today, Aspen is surrounded give up. We can’t just fold our tent, Spirituality is another galvanizing by the Maroon Bells-Snowmass, but we must continue.” force. When Dottie Fox lost her soul Hunter-Frying Pan, and Collegiate A glance at the past shows WW’s mate, Murray Pope, she went to the Peaks Wilderness areas, collectively many accomplishments, from lobby- wilderness for comfort and said: ing in the early ‘70s to restrict cars “The longer I walked, the more I lost at Maroon Lake and protect Hunter track of everything, and suddenly Creek from real estate develop- the wilderness began to work its ment to conservation oversight for magic on me, and it put things into Conundrum Creek, Spruce Creek, perspective. Wilderness is where I go Snowmass Creek, Burnt Mountain, when I want to be renewed. It may Red Table Mountain, Thompson CONTINUED ON PAGE 15 Divide, Roan Plateau, Sloane Peak and more. WW has made a difference on oil shale, air and water quality, military overflights, wilderness monitoring, and the Hidden Gems campaign. Outreach includes guided hikes, Naturalist Nights, Artists in Wilderness and ecosys- tem restoration. 3 2 Wild Works | Summer 2017 SummerJUNE 20122017 | Wild Works 3 MOVING THE NEEDLE “Capital Watch” defends public lands and bedrock environmental protections anuary was a somber month made on climate and protections for participants are armed with knowl- J at Wilderness Workshop’s wildlife and wildlands. We called it edge and confidence when they offices. We were hit hard by the “Capital Watch” with an “a” instead express their opinions. very real possibility that our new of an “o” to convey that we are Capital Watch was covered by lo- president and Congress would monitoring all three branches of cal press, and the response has been be the most anti-public lands, government in our nation’s Capital: tremendous.
Recommended publications
  • U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological
    U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Locatable Mineral Reports for Colorado, South Dakota, and Wyoming provided to the U.S. Forest Service in Fiscal Years 1996 and 1997 by Anna B. Wilson Open File Report OF 97-535 1997 This report is preliminary and has not been reviewed for conformity with U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) editorial standards or with the North American Stratigraphic Code. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. CONTENTS page INTRODUCTION ................................................................... 1 COLORADO ...................................................................... 2 Arapaho National Forest (administered by White River National Forest) Slate Creek .................................................................. 3 Arapaho and Roosevelt National Forests Winter Park Properties (Raintree) ............................................... 15 Gunnison and White River National Forests Mountain Coal Company ...................................................... 17 Pike National Forest Land Use Resource Center .................................................... 28 Pike and San Isabel National Forests Shepard and Associates ....................................................... 36 Roosevelt National Forest Larry and Vi Carpenter ....................................................... 52 Routt National Forest Smith Rancho ............................................................... 55 San Juan National
    [Show full text]
  • WHITE RIVER NATIONAL FOREST Adam Mountain (8,200 Acres)
    WHITE RIVER NATIONAL FOREST Adam Mountain (8,200 acres) ........................................................................................................ 3 Ashcroft (900 acres) ........................................................................................................................ 4 Assignation Ridge (13,300 acres) ................................................................................................... 4 Baldy Mountain (6,100 acres) ......................................................................................................... 6 Basalt Mountain A (13,900 acres) .................................................................................................. 6 Basalt Mountain (7,400 acres) ........................................................................................................ 7 Berry Creek (8,600 acres) ............................................................................................................... 8 Big Ridge to South Fork A (35,400 acres) and Big Ridge to South Fork B (6,000 acres) ............. 9 Black Lake East (800 acres) and Black Lake West (900 acres) ................................................... 11 Blair Mountain (500 acres) ........................................................................................................... 12 Boulder (1,300 acres) .................................................................................................................... 13 Budges (1,000 acres) ....................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Code of Colorado Regulations
    DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES Division of Wildlife CHAPTER 0 – GENERAL PROVISIONS 2 CCR 406-0 [Editor’s Notes follow the text of the rules at the end of this CCR Document.] ARTICLE I – DEFINITIONS [Eff. 03/02/2009] #000 – The following definitions supplement the statutory definitions found in the Wildlife Act including, but not limited to, those definitions found in section 33-1-102, C.R.S. A. General Definitions Including Manner of Take Definitions 1. "Aggregate" when applied to bag and possession limits, means the total number of species which are covered by such bag and possession limits. Any combination of the species may be possessed up to the total number established as the aggregate bag and possession limits. 2. "Archery" means the use of a hand-held bow. 3. "Bag Limit" means the maximum number of wildlife which may be taken in a single day during an established open season. This includes any wildlife which are consumed or donated during the same day they were legally taken. The terms "bag limit," "daily bag" and "bag" are considered to have the same meaning. 4. "Baiting" means the placing, exposing, depositing, distributing, or scattering of any salt, mineral, grain, or other feed so as to constitute a lure, attraction or enticement for wildlife. 5. "Crossbow" means a bow which is attached at a right angle to a stock with a mechanical mechanism for holding the bow string in a cocked position and fired from the shoulder. 6. “Feral Hog” means any species or hybrid of species from the family Suidae (European boar, Eurasian boar, Russian boar, feral hog) or the family Tayassuidae (Javelina and peccary), which possesses one or more morphological characteristic distinguishing it from domestic swine including, but not limited to, an elongated snout, visible tusks, muscular shoulders with small hams and short loins, coarse hair, or a predominant ridge of hair along its back.
    [Show full text]
  • Profiles of Colorado Roadless Areas
    PROFILES OF COLORADO ROADLESS AREAS Prepared by the USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Region July 23, 2008 INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 2 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS ARAPAHO-ROOSEVELT NATIONAL FOREST ......................................................................................................10 Bard Creek (23,000 acres) .......................................................................................................................................10 Byers Peak (10,200 acres)........................................................................................................................................12 Cache la Poudre Adjacent Area (3,200 acres)..........................................................................................................13 Cherokee Park (7,600 acres) ....................................................................................................................................14 Comanche Peak Adjacent Areas A - H (45,200 acres).............................................................................................15 Copper Mountain (13,500 acres) .............................................................................................................................19 Crosier Mountain (7,200 acres) ...............................................................................................................................20 Gold Run (6,600 acres) ............................................................................................................................................21
    [Show full text]
  • Grand Mesa, Uncompahgre, and Gunnison National Forests DRAFT Wilderness Evaluation Report August 2018
    United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Grand Mesa, Uncompahgre, and Gunnison National Forests DRAFT Wilderness Evaluation Report August 2018 Designated in the original Wilderness Act of 1964, the Maroon Bells-Snowmass Wilderness covers more than 183,000 acres spanning the Gunnison and White River National Forests. In accordance with Federal civil rights law and U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) civil rights regulations and policies, the USDA, its Agencies, offices, and employees, and institutions participating in or administering USDA programs are prohibited from discriminating based on race, color, national origin, religion, sex, gender identity (including gender expression), sexual orientation, disability, age, marital status, family/parental status, income derived from a public assistance program, political beliefs, or reprisal or retaliation for prior civil rights activity, in any program or activity conducted or funded by USDA (not all bases apply to all programs). Remedies and complaint filing deadlines vary by program or incident. Persons with disabilities who require alternative means of communication for program information (e.g., Braille, large print, audiotape, American Sign Language, etc.) should contact the responsible Agency or USDA’s TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TTY) or contact USDA through the Federal Relay Service at (800) 877-8339. Additionally, program information may be made available in languages other than English. To file a program discrimination complaint, complete the USDA Program Discrimination Complaint Form, AD-3027, found online at http://www.ascr.usda.gov/complaint_filing_cust.html and at any USDA office or write a letter addressed to USDA and provide in the letter all of the information requested in the form.
    [Show full text]
  • Region Forest Number Forest Name Wilderness Name Wild
    WILD FIRE INVASIVE AIR QUALITY EDUCATION OPP FOR REC SITE OUTFITTER ADEQUATE PLAN INFORMATION IM UPWARD IM NEEDS BASELINE FOREST WILD MANAGED TOTAL PLANS PLANTS VALUES PLANS SOLITUDE INVENTORY GUIDE NO OG STANDARDS MANAGEMENT REP DATA ASSESSMNT WORKFORCE IM VOLUNTEERS REGION NUMBER FOREST NAME WILDERNESS NAME ID TO STD? SCORE SCORE SCORE SCORE SCORE SCORE SCORE SCORE FLAG SCORE SCORE COMPL FLAG COMPL FLAG SCORE USED EFF FLAG 02 02 BIGHORN NATIONAL CLOUD PEAK 080 Y 76 8 10 10 6 4 8 10 N 8 8 Y N 4 N FOREST WILDERNESS 02 03 BLACK HILLS NATIONAL BLACK ELK WILDERNESS 172 Y 84 10 10 4 10 10 10 10 N 8 8 Y N 4 N FOREST 02 04 GRAND MESA UNCOMP FOSSIL RIDGE 416 N 59 6 5 2 6 8 8 10 N 6 8 Y N 0 N GUNNISON NATIONAL WILDERNESS FOREST 02 04 GRAND MESA UNCOMP LA GARITA WILDERNESS 032 Y 61 6 3 10 4 6 8 8 N 6 6 Y N 4 Y GUNNISON NATIONAL FOREST 02 04 GRAND MESA UNCOMP LIZARD HEAD 040 N 47 6 3 2 4 6 4 6 N 6 8 Y N 2 N GUNNISON NATIONAL WILDERNESS FOREST 02 04 GRAND MESA UNCOMP MOUNT SNEFFELS 167 N 45 6 5 2 2 6 4 8 N 4 6 Y N 2 N GUNNISON NATIONAL WILDERNESS FOREST 02 04 GRAND MESA UNCOMP POWDERHORN 413 Y 62 6 6 2 6 8 10 10 N 6 8 Y N 0 N GUNNISON NATIONAL WILDERNESS FOREST 02 04 GRAND MESA UNCOMP RAGGEDS WILDERNESS 170 Y 62 0 6 10 6 6 10 10 N 6 8 Y N 0 N GUNNISON NATIONAL FOREST 02 04 GRAND MESA UNCOMP UNCOMPAHGRE 037 N 45 6 5 2 2 6 4 8 N 4 6 Y N 2 N GUNNISON NATIONAL WILDERNESS FOREST 02 04 GRAND MESA UNCOMP WEST ELK WILDERNESS 039 N 56 0 6 10 6 6 4 10 N 6 8 Y N 0 N GUNNISON NATIONAL FOREST 02 06 MEDICINE BOW-ROUTT ENCAMPMENT RIVER 327 N 54 10 6 2 6 6 8 6
    [Show full text]
  • Forest Wide Hazardous Tree Removal and Fuels Reduction Project
    107°0'0"W VAIL k GYPSUM B e 6 u 6 N 1 k 2 k 1 h 2 e . e 6 . .1 I- 1 o 8 70 e c f 7 . r 0 e 2 2 §¨¦ e l 1 0 f 2 u 1 0 3 2 N 4 r r 0 1 e VailVail . 3 W . 8 . 1 85 3 Edwards 70 1 C 1 a C 1 .1 C 8 2 h N 1 G 7 . 7 0 m y 1 k r 8 §¨¦ l 2 m 1 e c . .E 9 . 6 z W A T m k 1 5 u C 0 .1 u 5 z i 6. e s 0 C i 1 B a -7 k s 3 2 .3 e e r I ee o C r a 1 F G Carterville h r e 9. 1 6 r g 1 N 9 g 8 r e 8 r y P e G o e u l Avon n C 9 N C r e n 5 ch w i r 8 .k2 0 N n D k 1 n 70 a tt e 9 6 6 8 G . c 7 o h 18 1 §¨¦ r I-7 o ra West Vail .1 1 y 4 u h 0 1 0. n lc 7 l D .W N T 7 39 . 71 . 1 a u 1 ch W C k 0 C d . 2 e . r e 1 e 1 C st G e e . r 7 A Red Hill R 3 9 k n s e 5 6 7 a t 2 .
    [Show full text]
  • Summits on the Air – ARM for USA - Colorado (WØC)
    Summits on the Air – ARM for USA - Colorado (WØC) Summits on the Air USA - Colorado (WØC) Association Reference Manual Document Reference S46.1 Issue number 3.2 Date of issue 15-June-2021 Participation start date 01-May-2010 Authorised Date: 15-June-2021 obo SOTA Management Team Association Manager Matt Schnizer KØMOS Summits-on-the-Air an original concept by G3WGV and developed with G3CWI Notice “Summits on the Air” SOTA and the SOTA logo are trademarks of the Programme. This document is copyright of the Programme. All other trademarks and copyrights referenced herein are acknowledged. Page 1 of 11 Document S46.1 V3.2 Summits on the Air – ARM for USA - Colorado (WØC) Change Control Date Version Details 01-May-10 1.0 First formal issue of this document 01-Aug-11 2.0 Updated Version including all qualified CO Peaks, North Dakota, and South Dakota Peaks 01-Dec-11 2.1 Corrections to document for consistency between sections. 31-Mar-14 2.2 Convert WØ to WØC for Colorado only Association. Remove South Dakota and North Dakota Regions. Minor grammatical changes. Clarification of SOTA Rule 3.7.3 “Final Access”. Matt Schnizer K0MOS becomes the new W0C Association Manager. 04/30/16 2.3 Updated Disclaimer Updated 2.0 Program Derivation: Changed prominence from 500 ft to 150m (492 ft) Updated 3.0 General information: Added valid FCC license Corrected conversion factor (ft to m) and recalculated all summits 1-Apr-2017 3.0 Acquired new Summit List from ListsofJohn.com: 64 new summits (37 for P500 ft to P150 m change and 27 new) and 3 deletes due to prom corrections.
    [Show full text]
  • Table 7 - National Wilderness Areas by State
    Table 7 - National Wilderness Areas by State * Unit is in two or more States ** Acres estimated pending final boundary determination + Special Area that is part of a proclaimed National Forest State National Wilderness Area NFS Other Total Unit Name Acreage Acreage Acreage Alabama Cheaha Wilderness Talladega National Forest 7,400 0 7,400 Dugger Mountain Wilderness** Talladega National Forest 9,048 0 9,048 Sipsey Wilderness William B. Bankhead National Forest 25,770 83 25,853 Alabama Totals 42,218 83 42,301 Alaska Chuck River Wilderness 74,876 520 75,396 Coronation Island Wilderness Tongass National Forest 19,118 0 19,118 Endicott River Wilderness Tongass National Forest 98,396 0 98,396 Karta River Wilderness Tongass National Forest 39,917 7 39,924 Kootznoowoo Wilderness Tongass National Forest 979,079 21,741 1,000,820 FS-administered, outside NFS bdy 0 654 654 Kuiu Wilderness Tongass National Forest 60,183 15 60,198 Maurille Islands Wilderness Tongass National Forest 4,814 0 4,814 Misty Fiords National Monument Wilderness Tongass National Forest 2,144,010 235 2,144,245 FS-administered, outside NFS bdy 0 15 15 Petersburg Creek-Duncan Salt Chuck Wilderness Tongass National Forest 46,758 0 46,758 Pleasant/Lemusurier/Inian Islands Wilderness Tongass National Forest 23,083 41 23,124 FS-administered, outside NFS bdy 0 15 15 Russell Fjord Wilderness Tongass National Forest 348,626 63 348,689 South Baranof Wilderness Tongass National Forest 315,833 0 315,833 South Etolin Wilderness Tongass National Forest 82,593 834 83,427 Refresh Date: 10/14/2017
    [Show full text]
  • Crested Butte Land Trust PROTECTING & PRESERVING Natural Lands, Scenic Vistas, Wildlife Habitat, Trails and Working Ranches
    Crested Butte Land Trust PROTECTING & PRESERVING natural lands, scenic vistas, wildlife habitat, trails and working ranches CRESTED BUTTE LAND TRUST SUMMER 2010 NEWSLETTER CRESTED BUTTE LAND TRUST president’s letter BOARD OF DIRECTORS Keith Bauer, President Peter Kennel, Vice-President Tim Mueller, Treasurer Fred Holbrook, Secretary Beth Appleton David Baxter ike many of you, Joe Currier LI’ll never forget my first Margery Feldberg drive up the East River Karen Janssen Photo by Rebecca Weil Valley. It was as if I was Chuck McGinnis being pulled back to simpler times; huge meadows with cows lazily grazing, distant white capped peaks pumping out clear water for the lush valleys below, and a STAFF welcoming wave from a passing truck as I was headed north. Ann Johnston, Executive Director It may have been the sheer beauty that drew me here, but it was the sense Kim Carroll Bosler, Development Director of place I recognized that made me put down roots. For, at the end of the road, Chad Martens, Stewardship Coordinator I found a community full of individuals not only passionate about their lives and Liz Vehlow, Outreach Coordinator their towns, but also about the magnificence surrounding them. Danielle Beamer, Conservation Assistant That passion fueled the inception of the Crested Butte Land Trust, and it’s what sustains us today. We are all drawn together for a greater good; we recognize CONTACT our strong, shared connection to the land, and, with that, our willingness to protect Mailing Address: and preserve this valley that we all love. PO Box 2224 My time on the board has given me valuable insight to the vision, Crested Butte, CO 81224 perseverance, and tireless work of our past board members and staff; they deserve Physical Address: our heartfelt thanks for all their time and energy.
    [Show full text]
  • Page 1464 TITLE 16—CONSERVATION § 1132
    § 1132 TITLE 16—CONSERVATION Page 1464 Department and agency having jurisdiction of, and reports submitted to Congress regard- thereover immediately before its inclusion in ing pending additions, eliminations, or modi- the National Wilderness Preservation System fications. Maps, legal descriptions, and regula- unless otherwise provided by Act of Congress. tions pertaining to wilderness areas within No appropriation shall be available for the pay- their respective jurisdictions also shall be ment of expenses or salaries for the administra- available to the public in the offices of re- tion of the National Wilderness Preservation gional foresters, national forest supervisors, System as a separate unit nor shall any appro- priations be available for additional personnel and forest rangers. stated as being required solely for the purpose of managing or administering areas solely because (b) Review by Secretary of Agriculture of classi- they are included within the National Wilder- fications as primitive areas; Presidential rec- ness Preservation System. ommendations to Congress; approval of Con- (c) ‘‘Wilderness’’ defined gress; size of primitive areas; Gore Range-Ea- A wilderness, in contrast with those areas gles Nest Primitive Area, Colorado where man and his own works dominate the The Secretary of Agriculture shall, within ten landscape, is hereby recognized as an area where years after September 3, 1964, review, as to its the earth and its community of life are un- suitability or nonsuitability for preservation as trammeled by man, where man himself is a visi- wilderness, each area in the national forests tor who does not remain. An area of wilderness classified on September 3, 1964 by the Secretary is further defined to mean in this chapter an area of undeveloped Federal land retaining its of Agriculture or the Chief of the Forest Service primeval character and influence, without per- as ‘‘primitive’’ and report his findings to the manent improvements or human habitation, President.
    [Show full text]
  • A Conservation Blueprint for Neotropical Migratory Birds in Western Colorado
    A Conservation Blueprint for Neotropical Migratory Birds in Western Colorado Michelle Fink, David Hanni, David Klute, John Sovell, and Renée Rondeau December 2007 Photo by Dave Menke, Photo Courtesy of U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Final report submitted to the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (Neotropical Migratory Bird Act). Executive Summary The purpose of this project was to incorporate land use, policy, and biological inputs to define areas representing the most important opportunities for conservation of Neotropical migratory birds in coniferous and aspen forest habitats in Western Colorado and to understand the current status and requirements for maintaining viable populations of these migratory birds within the project area. To that end, we used NatureServe Vista, a decision-support software, and SPOT, a conservation portfolio optimization software, to analyze information about bird distribution, abundance, conservation priorities, quantitative conservation goals, threats to ecosystem stability, and current landscape integrity in order to identify conservation needs and opportunities for birds in aspen and conifer forests in western Colorado. Twenty-two forest-based bird species were used as conservation targets. Multi-year survey data from the Rocky Mountain Bird Observatory was combined with data from the Colorado Natural Heritage Program’s Biodiversity Tracking and Conservation System (BIOTICS) database in addition to modified Southwest Regional GAP vertebrate models for the target species. We used available statewide spatial data to determine general landscape integrity for these species, current and future predicted land use, and policy mandated protection status. This information was then input in NatureServe Vista and SPOT projects and evaluated against varying conservation goal sets for the target species.
    [Show full text]