A Century of Airplanes November 2, 2017 | Louis A
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Design of Seaplanes
APPENDIX C3: Design of Seaplanes This appendix is a part of the book General Aviation Aircraft Design: Applied Methods and Procedures by Snorri Gudmundsson, published by Elsevier, Inc. The book is available through various bookstores and online retailers, such as www.elsevier.com, www.amazon.com, and many others. The purpose of the appendices denoted by C1 through C5 is to provide additional information on the design of selected aircraft configurations, beyond what is possible in the main part of Chapter 4, Aircraft Conceptual Layout. Some of the information is intended for the novice engineer, but other is advanced and well beyond what is possible to present in undergraduate design classes. This way, the appendices can serve as a refresher material for the experienced aircraft designer, while introducing new material to the student. Additionally, many helpful design philosophies are presented in the text. Since this appendix is offered online rather than in the actual book, it is possible to revise it regularly and both add to the information and new types of aircraft. The following appendices are offered: C1 – Design of Conventional Aircraft C2 – Design of Canard Aircraft C3 – Design of Seaplanes (this appendix) C4 – Design of Sailplanes C5 – Design of Unusual Configurations Figure C3-1: A Lake LA-250 Renegade, shown here during climb after T-O, is a popular option for amphibious aircraft. The large deflected flap on the horizontal tail is a hydraulically actuated trim tab used for slow speed operations only. It trims out the thrust effect of the highly mounted piston-propeller, improving its handling. -
Sticks and Tissue No 158
Sticks and Tissue No 158 If you can contribute any articles, wish to make your point of view known etc please send to or phone 01202 625825 [email protected] The content does not follow any logical order or set out, it’s “as I put it in and receive”. Thanks to Mark Venter back issues are available for download from http://sticksandtissue.yolasite.com/ Writings and opinions expressed are the opinion of the writer but not necessarily the compiler/publisher of Sticks and Tissue. Peter Renggli sent this photo taken at the 2017 MG Bern Antik Flugtag 1 From John Salmon I enjoyed reading John Ralph’s item on “JETEX” in the last Sticks and Tissue. In 1948 I had passed the entrance exam for Redhill Junior Technical School and my parents rewarded me with a Jetex 100 outfit and a kit from “Veron”. The balsa/tissue aeroplane (was it called Aerojet?) was much like a “pod and boom” glider of some 30 plus inches span with a cut away area at the rear of the “pod” into which the motor fitted. I had no problems with the construction and painted the fuselage with light blue dope and the tissue covered wing bright yellow. Quite smart! My early efforts at getting the motor to fire up were not successful until I realised that the gauge disc had to be pushed down quite hard to ensure that the fuse was in firm contact with the fuel change. Lighting the fuse with a match was always a fraught business with the danger of setting the whole thing on fire until somebody explained that life would be safer it we held the plane “upside down” to start the motor! You live and learn! There followed quite a number of flights – some of several minutes duration. -
Vino M. Garofalo
The AMA History Project Presents: Biography of VITO M. GAROFALO April 9, 1921 – 1994 AMA #331457 Written & Submitted by AJG (03/1995); Transcribed by NR (12/1999); Edited by SS (2002), Reformatted by JS (08/2009) Career: . Display model builder for Comet Model Airplane Co. Model designer for Comet . Manager and draftsman for Comet . Product designer for Testors Corp. President and Owner of Tern Aero Co. Airplane product designer for Hi-Flier Mfg. The following information was taken from a 1996 Model Aviation Hall of Fame application. Accomplishments Designed and developed Structo-O-Speed Construction; marketed successfully by Comet Model Hobbycraft, Inc. for many years. Designed and developed Comet's line of Redi-Flite ready to fly model products; these were first marketed in 1962 and have been in continuous production to the present time. Designed and developed a line of plastic engine-powered ready to fly Control Line airplanes for Comet. Invented pushbutton starter for miniature engines for Comet; two versions were patented. One was the centrifugal pin type, U.S. Pat. 3,131,682. The other was the inclined step type, U.S. Pat. 3,159,154. Designed and developed the first thin wall injection plastic molded fuselage with full airfoil aluminum wing ready to fly airplane for the Testors Corp. of Rockford, IL, Pat. 86,911. Companies Worked for/Positions Held Display model builder for Comet Model Airplane and Supply Co., Chicago, IL, from age 15 through 19, on part-time basis. Model designer and draftsman for Comet Model Airplane & Supply Co., from 1941-1943. Manager of Engineering Department and Chief Designer for Comet Model Hobbycraft, Inc., from 1948 to 1968. -
Sailplane & Towplane Scale Model Kits
Sailplane & Towplane Advice You Can Trust Awesome Support Scale Model Kits Great Products February, 2011 Overview I have long been a fan of scale sailplane models. A nice sailplane model, like any work of art, is enjoyable to look at. Sailplanes are certainly elegant and efficient machines. When I look at a sailplane model, I see the lovely long wings, and the purpose built aerodynamically optimized fuselage, but I also see the history of that particular sailplane. Every sailplane type has an interesting history. There was a person, or group of people, or company that put their hearts and minds into the development of that particular sailplane. It may have been the descendent of many, similar (or quite different) sailplanes in a long line of sailplanes. I see all that when I look at a scale model sailplane. I also see the potential for adventures to come. I see the cross‐country soaring flights that await me in the future. I guess I’m passionate about sailplanes and sailplane models. You will notice that when you visit my Scale Models web pages. I have spent a lot of time documenting each model kit. There are photos of the model parts, a scan of every page of the assembly instructions, photos of finished model kits and photos of the full‐size sailplanes the model is patterned after. You will also find historical information about the sailplane type. I try to add value with model building and terminology tips and links to web sites with tips on building scale models. 1:32 Scale, Plastic Injection Molded, The largest, most detailed and best 1:32 and 1:48 Scale, Resin, Very Nice, Larger than most other kits Paul Remde • [email protected] • www.cumulus‐soaring.com • 1‐952‐445‐9033 • Minnesota, USA Page 1 of 4 1:48 Scale, Resin, Very Nice, Larger than most other kits 1:48 Scale, Resin, Nice, For experienced modelers 1:72 Scale, Plastic Injection Molded, Very small but very nice, Easy to build A Great Way to Promote Soaring Sailplane models are more than just fun to look at. -
NTSB-AAR-72-18 TECHNICAL REPORT STANDARD Title PAGE
SA-424 FILE NO. 1-0002 AIRCRAFT ACCIDENT REPORT WESTERN AIR LINES, INC. BOEING 720-047B,N3166 ONTARIO INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT ONTARIO, CALIFORNIA MARCH 31, 1971 ADOPTED: JUNE 7, 1972 NATIONAL TRANSPORTATION SAFETY BOARD Washington, 0. C. 20591 REPORT NUMBER: NTSB-AAR-72-18 TECHNICAL REPORT STANDARD TiTLE PAGE . Report No. 2.Government Accession No. 3.Recipient's Catalog No. NTSB-AAR-72-18 I. Title and Subtitle 5.Report Date Aircraft Accident Report - Western Air Lines, InC., Sune 7, 1972 Roeing 720-047B, N3166, Ontario International Airport, 6.Performing Organization Ontario. California, March 31, 1971 Code '. Author(s) 8.Performing Organization Report No. I. Performing Organization Name and Address IO.Work Unit No. Bureau of Aviation Safety 11 .Contract or Grant No. National Transportation Safety Board Washington, D. C. 20591 13.Type of Report and Period Covered 12.Sponsoring Agency Name and Address Aircraft Accident Report March 31, 1971 NATIONAL TRANSPORTATION SAFETY BOARD Washington, 0. C. 20591 14.Sponsoring Agency Code 15.Supplementary Notes I6.Abstract Flight 366, a Boeing 720B, on a proficiency check flight, yawed and rolled out of control, and crashed while in the process of executing a 3-engine missed- approach from a simulated engine-out ILS instrument approach. The five crew- members and only occupants died in the crash. The weather conditions at Ontario were 600 feet overcast, with 3/4-mile visibility in fog, haze, and smoke. The National Transportation Safety Board determines that the probable cause of this accident was the failure of the aircraft rudder hydraulic actuator support fitting. The failure of the fitting resulted in the inapparent loss Of left rudder control which, under the conditions of this flight, precluded the pilotk ability to maintain directional control during a simlated engine-out missed- approach. -
China Clipper Glider
Build and Fly the China Clipper Glider How to create a Fascinating Flying Silhouette Model of the Trans-oceanic Clippers From Sheet Balsa Wood By Jesse Davidson THE clipper ships of the Andrew Jackson. It was indeed a middle 19th century were the triumph of which every American at fastest sailing vessels ever built the time had reason to be proud for and were used extensively in the it reduced by one-quarter the California and Australia gold rushes record of 120 days made by the and in the tea, opium and slave clipper ship Memon two years trades. They were the last effort to before. compete evenly with the steam It was of this event that the vessels on long voyages and with New York Commercial on October heavy cargoes, and for many years 8th, 1851, said: "Such a passage they were moderately successful in as this is more than a local triumph delaying the final victory of steam. and inures to the reputation not When Donald McKay's Flying alone of the builders of the ship Cloud arrived in San Francisco 89 and her enterprising owners, but of days out of New York it established the United States. It is truly a a record never surpassed and only national triumph and points clearly twice equaled—once by the Flying and unmistakably to the Cloud herself three years preeminence upon the ocean which afterward, and in 1860 by the 1 awaits the United States of Expansion, development and America." progress was moving at a fast clip. At this period of its history, the And so we leave these United States was at the peak of precursors of the modern clipper her maritime glory. -
Towards the End of an Era Master Copy
Poole Flying Boats Celebration (Charity No.1123274) Part Six: Towards the end of an Era at Poole ‘Au Revoir’ © PFBC BCC Ward a flying boat enthusiast living in Parkstone, noted that during this period as many as 4 were moored together at Poole, having flown in, often with BOAC personnel brought back, before heading to Hythe, and then to the breakers ! First back to Poole was G-ADHL Canopus in the Autumn of 1946, and coinciding with delivery of the last set of Hythes. A little later, others followed: G-AFRA Cleopatra on 4th. November. Next G-ADUV Cambria & G-AEUF Cameronian. Capt. James Peers brought in G-ADVB Corsair January 1947; then sadly witnessed its scrapping at R.J.Coley & Sons. The 3 former QEA C-Class that had been swapped with BOAC G-AFBJ Carpentaria (also in January), G-AFBL Cooee , and G-AEUI Coorong (Feb.) were dismantled. [Later their counterpart G-AETV Coriolanus was scrapped at Rose Bay.] Meanwhile, the Poole stalwarts G-AFKZ Cathay and G-AFCT Champion finished the routine weekly service to Lisbon. Also, G-ADUW Castor wound up the last remaining easterly section of the Horseshoe service between Calcutta & Cairo. Although G-AEUD Cordelia was the last to be dismantled G-ADHM Caledonia was last home fittingly , with Capt. Horn and his crew (leaving Durban on 12th. March), to then depart Poole at the beginning of April on its final flight to Hythe. © PFBC Picture: G-ADVB Corsair brought to Poole Harbour by Captain James Peers... Photo. by Sidney Batting BA & PFBC’s Collections The harsh winter weather of 1946/47 mirrored the great freeze of January 1940 when the C-Class were moored at Poole. -
Download Full Document Here
Making Dioramas The Tawhiti Museum uses many models in its displays – from ‘life-size’ fi gures, the size of real people – right down to tiny fi gures about 20mm tall - with several other sizes in between these two. Why are different sizes used? To answer this, look at the Turuturu Mokai Pa model. The fi gures and buildings are very small. If we had used life-size fi gures and buildings the model would be enormous, bigger than the museum in fact –covering several hectares! So to make a model that can easily fi t into a room of the museum we choose a scale that we can reduce the actual size by and build the model to that scale – in the case of the Turuturu Mokai Pa model the scale is 1 to 90 (written as 1:90) – that means the model is one ninetieth of real size – or to put it another way, if you multiply anything on the model by 90, you will know how big the original is. A human fi gure on the model is 20mm – if you multiply that by 90 you get 1800mm - the height of a full size person. So as the modeler builds the model, by measuring anything from life (or otherwise knowing its size) and dividing by 90 he knows how big to model that item – this means the model is an accurate scale model of the original – there is no ‘guess work’. How do we choose which scale to make a model? There are three main considerations: 1) How much room do we have available for the display? Clearly the fi nished model needs to fi t into the available space in the museum, so by selecting an appropriate scale we can determine the actual size of the model. -
B-162897 Aircraft Owned Or Leased By
Dear Mr, Thompson: Reference is made to your letter of February 10, 1970, requesting that we update information which we furnished to you in a report dated March 4, 1968, relative to aircraft owned or leased by the Federal Avia- 1 tion Administration (FAA). In accordance with this request, we are fur- nishing you the following information. 1. Inventory of active aircraft owned as of June 30, 1967, 1968, 1969, and January 1, 1970 (enclosure I). 2. Installed passenger capacity and cost of aircraft owned as of June 30, 1967, and January 1, 1970 (enclosure II). 3. Aircraft leased or on loan during the period July 1, 1967, through June 30, 1969 (enclosure III). 4. Aircraft mazntenance, maJor overhaul, and modification costs by aircraft type, for fiscal years 1968 and 1969 (enclosure IV). 5. Average cost per flxght hour by aircraft type, fiscal years 1968 and 1969 (enclosure V>. 6. Aircraft utilization by aircraft type and maJor cate- gories, fiscal years 1968 and 1969 (enclosure VI). 7. Utilization and cost of open market rental aircraft, fiscal years 1968 and 1969 (enclosure VII). In addition, you requested that we advise you of the progress that has been made in establishing a uniform maintenance and operating cost re- porting system for all FAA owned and leased aircraft. As shown zn our March 4, 1968, report, FhCl had 101 aircraft which cost approximately $46 mzlllon 1n its inventory of active aircraft as of June 30, 1967. On January 1, 1970, the number of active air craft had decreased Co 98; however, the cost of the aircraft in the inventory was approximately $52 million, This increase was the net result of. -
Edwin C. Musick Collection History of Aviation Collection Biographical
Edwin C. Musick Collection History of Aviation Collection Biographical Sketch Born: St. Louis, Missouri 1894 Died: Near Pago Pago, Samoa 1938 Survey flight to New Zealand Education: Incomplete formal education in a Los Angeles high school Aviation Background: January, exposed to aviation at the Dominguez Field 1910 air races, Los Angeles, CA. With Arthur C. Burns, Harry Reynolds, and others 1912 built an airplane (note Burns photos) that flew nine feet off the ground and pancaked. Built another airplane that Reynolds crashed. 1913 Took a course at Schiller Flying School consisting of lectures, followed by taxiing and eventually flying in a single seat Curtiss Pusher. The trio purchased a used plane to build up time. 1914. Musick worked as mechanic for exhibition fliers 1915 in Venice, California, renting Schiller’s airplane for practice. Became exhibition flier for several months; then became 1915-16 instructor at Venice in Summer of 1916. Served as civilian instructor in the Army Air Corps, 1917 North Island San Diego; transferred to Call Field, Wichita Falls, Texas. Commissioned as Lieutenant in the Marine Corps and 1918 assigned to Miami, Florida; remained in service after the Armistice. In the Fall released from Marine Corps to join 1919-20 Plane and Motor Corporation, Keyport, New Jersey. Flew F5-L’s from Miami to Havana. May 14, Inaugurated New New-Atlantic City airline 1921 in F5-L’s. Because the airline attracted few passengers, Musick was sent on goodwill flights around the Great Lakes, down the Mississippi, and around the Gulf Coast. For the 1921-22 season, Musick returned to the Miami-Havana run. -
Maritime Patrol Aviation: 90 Years of Continuing Innovation
J. F. KEANE AND C. A. EASTERLING Maritime Patrol Aviation: 90 Years of Continuing Innovation John F. Keane and CAPT C. Alan Easterling, USN Since its beginnings in 1912, maritime patrol aviation has recognized the importance of long-range, persistent, and armed intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance in sup- port of operations afl oat and ashore. Throughout its history, it has demonstrated the fl ex- ibility to respond to changing threats, environments, and missions. The need for increased range and payload to counter submarine and surface threats would dictate aircraft opera- tional requirements as early as 1917. As maritime patrol transitioned from fl ying boats to land-based aircraft, both its mission set and areas of operation expanded, requiring further developments to accommodate advanced sensor and weapons systems. Tomorrow’s squad- rons will possess capabilities far beyond the imaginations of the early pioneers, but the mis- sion will remain essentially the same—to quench the battle force commander’s increasing demand for over-the-horizon situational awareness. INTRODUCTION In 1942, Rear Admiral J. S. McCain, as Com- plane. With their normal and advance bases strategically mander, Aircraft Scouting Forces, U.S. Fleet, stated the located, surprise contacts between major forces can hardly following: occur. In addition to receiving contact reports on enemy forces in these vital areas the patrol planes, due to their great Information is without doubt the most important service endurance, can shadow and track these forces, keeping the required by a fl eet commander. Accurate, complete and up fl eet commander informed of their every movement.1 to the minute knowledge of the position, strength and move- ment of enemy forces is very diffi cult to obtain under war Although prescient, Rear Admiral McCain was hardly conditions. -
Canada Aviation and Space Museum
CANADA AVIATION AND SPACE MUSEUM BOEING MODEL 720B PRATT & WHITNEY CANADA FLYING EXPERIMENTAL TEST BED REGISTRATION C-FETB Introduction The practical era of jet-age passenger transport aircraft officially dawned when the British de Havilland Company D.H.106 Comet made its premiere flight to great acclaim from the Hatfield, Hertfordshire aerodrome in England on 27 July 1949. Catering to British and mid to long-range routes to European, Middle Eastern and overseas destinations, the Comet series of airliners carried their passengers aloft in luxurious opulence for more than twenty years. Military and test derivatives followed suit and these continued flying for many decades, including two Comets for the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF). Just 14 days later, across the vast Atlantic Ocean, in the small town of Malton, Ontario, Canada, a new aviation company called Avro Canada successfully accomplished the same task with much less fanfare and accolades. Avro sent its small, medium-range, turbo-jet transport, called the C-102 Jetliner, aloft for its first flight, inaugurating the dreamed potential for such a unique travel experience for the public on the North American continent. United States Air Force personnel found the aircraft favourable when they tried it out on flights at Wright Field, Ohio in March 1951. However, this Canadian dream didn’t last for long. The modestly successful Comet-series didn’t shine as brightly as its popular name when a series of tragic, fatal accidents to production civil aircraft nearly snuffed out its very existence. Following design rectification’s, the Royal Air Force continued to employ Comets in versatile roles, such as modifying the design into the Nimrod.