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Cessna Owner Magazine Article, October 2017

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Cessna Owner Magazine Article, October 2017 The following article appeared in the October 2017 edition of CESSNA OWNER magazine, the official publication of the Cessna Owner Organization. Whether for business or pleasure, the Official Publication of the Cessna Owner Organization Since 1975 Cessna Owner Organization is dedicated to assisting CESSNA>> October 2017 aircraft owners in OWNER MAGAZINE their continual pursuit to become better, TKS smarter and safer ROTECTION owners and pilots. ICE P Since 1975, the Liquid Armor for the collective knowledge War on Icing and experience of its members has saved owners countless hours of downtime and thousands of dollars in operational expenses. www.cessnaowner.org www.facebook.com/ CessnaOwnerOrganization Est. 1975 Not a member? Learn more at www.CessnaOwner.org TKS Ice Protection Liquid Armor for the War on Icing By Scott Sherer here are many people out accumulation before launching. I wind is strong and the wind chill there who really like snow also have a heavy-duty tug for get- is very low. The winter cloud in Tsports; things like skiing, ting my bird in and out of the han- Wisconsin is dark and grey. (I say snowboarding, ice skating, hockey, gar quickly, and the Janitrol fur- “cloud” and not “clouds” because we snowmobiling and all of those other nace, along with an assortment of seem to have only one cloud here sports that you typically see during other engine and interior warming and it covers the entire state from the winter Olympics. I’m sure that contraptions, helps to get my plane November well into January!) many aviators enjoy some of these warm and ready fast. Personally, I prefer flying in the activities as well, and they may ac- However, when the time comes to grey, as opposed to others who fly tually look forward to doing them, actually take off and it’s cold and only in sunshine. I find that when it’s too. I, however, am not one of them. grey outside, I do have to think clear and sunny, it is often very cold Sure, every once in a while my about ice – and for good reason. and windy. As we in Wisconsin say, wife will make me fly her to Vail to Here in Wisconsin and in other far “If it weren’t for the dark, cold, wind ski, but I’m more likely to head to north locations, especially those and snow, I’d really like winter!” the bar or a hot tub than I am to hit near the Great Lakes, we get ice Anyway, from time to time, I the slopes. That’s not to say that I quite often. While I can usually fly hear pilots say, “I’ll just pop up don’t enjoy winter, but as a winter to California and back and never through the clouds to VFR on top.” pilot, I view ice, snow and winter need to turn on my de-icing sys- Have you heard that? It’s -10°C rains as impediments to my favor- tem, it’s an entirely different story outside and some well-intentioned ite pastime – flying. As far as I’m within 100 miles of my home plate. but naive winter pilot thinks he’ll concerned, ice belongs in a glass! A typical winter ceiling can be turn on his pitot heat and defroster Thankfully, my twin resides in 800 to 2,000 feet overcast with and launch into the grey, ice-laden a hangar, so I don’t have to worry tops between 5,000 and 10,000 feet murk above. “Not to worry, at a about clearing off any snow or ice AGL, and more often than not, the 500-feet-per-minute climb rate, I’ll 1 be through this in just a couple of So what is it designed for? FIKI Similarly, if ice begins to accumu- minutes,” he thinks. is primarily intended to allow you late or has already accumulated on Most of the time, he’s right and enough time to climb to an on- the plane, the fluid will break down able to get through it. Then again, top or between-layers flight level the bond between the ice and the every rule has exceptions, and in where there is no ice. It can also be aircraft, allowing natural aerody- aviation it’s the exceptions that used for landing when you need to namic forces to shed the ice away. can kill you. descend slowly from cruise altitude Unlike pneumatic boot systems, When I take off or land through to an approach. This latter scenario there are no boots or air pressure the winter murk, I have to admit can be a rather hair-raising ordeal, pumps to fail, so there’s no risk that my forehead and palms get as you’re beginning the descent of the system not working due to sweaty. Even though my pitot heat, 100 or so miles out and may end up a blown pressure pump. Conse- hot props, and heated windshield spending 30 or more minutes flying quently, there’s also no risk of los- are on, I always check the wings ev- through ice-laden clouds. ing your flight instruments either. ery couple of minutes for ice build- FIKI is good, but it’s certainly not The system is electrically-driven up. If there’s ice on the leading edg- a fail-safe. A couple of years ago, a and doesn’t require much in the es of my wings, I’ll pop the boots. Beech King Air, a FIKI-approved, way of power. medium-sized, turbo-prop aircraft, TKS is an excellent alternative Traditional De-icing crashed in Minnesota due to ice. anti-ice/de-ice system for your Boots and FIKI Shockingly, the time from takeoff aircraft. You can install an after- to an attempted emergency land- market version on your 182 and De-ice boots inflate via air pres- ing was less than 10 minutes. The other models and be as safe in ic- sure pumps on the engines. For plane did not make it back. ing conditions as is possible, giv- those of you not familiar with this Booted airplanes have worked en the risks outlined above. setup, these are the vacuum pumps well for decades, but having boots Of course, we all know that to which all of your vacuum instru- and FIKI approval does not guaran- there’s no such thing as zero risk. ments are connected backwards. tee zero risk. On top of that, boots It’s also worth noting that TKS is The boots and instruments run on are terribly expensive so they don’t not FIKI-approved on all models pump pressure, rather than vacu- get replaced but maybe once every of aircraft. Nevertheless, you can um – same thing, only backwards. 10 or 20 years. What if a boot fails in still legally install it on your air- If you’ve never heard of this, it’s flight? Think of how your airplane is craft whether it is FIKI-approved typical for booted airplanes. going to handle with one wing clear or not. I’ve been in icing conditions at of ice and the other completely cov- 10,000 feet – even while on my way ered. Frankly, I’d rather not. How TKS works south to Florida. On one such trip Bottom line: If you have de-icing The TKS system is amazingly – solid IMC, bumpy ride, and with equipment on board, FIKI or other, simple in concept. family in the back – I had one of it’s a huge improvement over an First, you have a TKS fluid stor- the pressure (backward vacuum) aircraft with just a heated pitot, pumps fail. Down to one functional but none will guarantee risk-free age tank that must be strategically pump and with ice building on the flight in icing conditions. positioned in the aircraft for weight wings, I could not use the boots, as and balance considerations. More using just one pump would expo- The TKS Alternative specifically, if you have too big a nentially increase the risk of blow- tank, you’ll severely cut into your ing the remaining pump. I was al- So what do you do if you want or useful load. need ice protection and your airplane ready in a pickle, but flying IMC The location of the tank is equal- isn’t equipped with boots, hot props with two blown pumps and no atti- ly important. At 9.2 pounds per tude or heading indicators would’ve or a heated windshield? Well, if you gallon, this stuff weighs a lot, and been far worse. Flight Into Known fly a 182, 210 or one of several other you don’t want to bust your flight Icing (FIKI) certification is great, models, there’s another outstanding envelope. The manufacturer’s STC but try to think about risk reduc- option for you. It’s called TKS. takes this into very careful consid- tion when you’re in that situation! TKS is a fluid-based freezing Remember, FIKI is a certification point depressant system that eration (see “Weight and Endur- for de-icing equipment. My twin is coats your aircraft’s flight-critical ance Information” sidebar). FIKI approved, which means that I surfaces with an ice inhibiting With the flip of a switch to the can legally launch when there’s ice and eliminating liquid called DTD “Normal” position, the fluid is in the forecast. On the other hand, 406B (often referred to as “TKS pumped from the tank through it is not intended for extreme icing fluid” by your local FBO).
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