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Military Scientific Research Annual Report 2016 16 Defence Research for the German Armed Forces

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Military Scientific Research Annual Report 2016 16 Defence Research for the German Armed Forces Military Scientific Research Titel JB 2016 Annual Report 2016 Defence Research for the German Armed Forces 2016 Report Scientific Research Annual Military – 2016 Federal Ministry of Defence Defence of Ministry Federal Military Scientific Research Annual Report 2016 16 Defence Research for the German Armed Forces 5 Foreword 6 7 Ministerialdirigent Ralf Schnurr Unterabteilungsleiter A II und Forschungsbeauftragter Bundesministerium der Verteidigung Military Scientific Research With Germany steadily taking on more and more The Bundeswehr documents entitled “Bundes- In this issue the Federal Ministry of Defence responsibility internationally, the Bundeswehr has wehr Concept“ (Konzeption der Bundeswehr, presents selected contributions from the evolved over the past two decades into an army KdB) and “Bundeswehr Capability Profile“ fields of on operations. (Fähigkeitsprofil der Bundeswehr) describe how – defence technology research, the strategic and political guidelines are imple- − military medical and military psychology In mid-2016 the Federal Government adopted mented within Germany’s armed forces. There are research, the White Paper on German Security Policy and plans to publish the Bundeswehr Concept and − military history and social science research, the Future of the Bundeswehr and, by doing so, the Capability Profile as follow-up documents − geoscientific research again accorded a greater role to national and in the summer of 2017. and collective defence. − cyber and information technology research. In view of the limited predictability of future challenges, it will be necessary for the Bundes- wehr to continue to have a broad spectrum of capabilities at its disposal in order to adequately fulfill the tasks of national and collective defence as well as international conflict prevention and crisis management. The strategic orientation of defence research and technology is also subject to constant review and adjustment, based on the requirements that arise. Ralf Schnurr Contents 8 9 16 Foreword 06 Military Scientific Research 40 Laser tracking systems 42 Metamaterials for microwave radomes 44 Electromagnetic railgun – a future weapon system 46 Materials allowing detection of ultrafine explosive traces for the purposes Part 1 13 Defence Technology Research of civil and military security 48 Multi-camera system for fire safety in military vehicles 14 3D printing for defence applications: lightweight solutions 50 Study on “Applied Knowledge Management in the Federal Armed Forces” through numerical design optimisation 52 Dynamic micro actuator system based on electrorheological fluids 16 17 GHz SiGe MIMO chipset for compact 3D imaging radar modules 54 Highly Automated Driver Assistance Systems for Offroad Scenarios for integration in airborne platforms and ground vehicles 56 Thermal analysis of toxic chemicals and compounds typically found 18 Software security: cross-platform vulnerability detection in explosives 20 Multiple sensor data fusion for drone defence 58 Analysis of HPEM disturbance effects on computer networks in a 22 Adaptive optics for free-space communications realistic environment 24 Certification of simulator interoperability 60 Future methods for condition monitoring on vessels of the Navy 26 Quantum cascade lasers for detecting hazardous and explosive substance residues 62 Dynamic track tensioner 28 Electrochemical sensor system for detecting explosives in practical sea trials 64 Analysing ammunition storage risks 30 Realistic MANET channel model for appraising the performance 66 Investigating specific flow phenomena in modern engine of networked radios inlet systems 32 Structural modelling, dimensioning and assessment of agile military aircraft 68 Advanced signal design for diver detection 34 Overall design of agile and low-signature military aircraft 70 MiDNet – Communicating without a connection 36 Guidelines for low-noise UCAV designs 72 Improvement of crew protection for vehicle crashes 38 Atmospheric propagation of multi-mode radiation Contents 10 11 16 Part 2 75 Military Medical and Military Psychology Research Part 4 101 Geoscientific Research 76 In the midst of an outbreak: sequencing in field 102 The Ebola epidemic in West Africa 78 Fluorescence in-situ hybridisation (FISH) as a means of identifying highly 104 Mineral dust forecasts for Bundeswehr deployment areas pathogenic bacteria 106 Cavity detection using methods of applied geophysics 80 Precision-cut lung slices as a test system for candidate therapeutics in organophosphate poisoning 82 Current research on the improvement of clinical triage after damaging Part 5 109 Cyber and Information Technology Research radiological and nuclear events 84 “Dry Air Comfort“ (DAC) – Development of a “physiological“ microclimate cooling 110 Results of the LTE over Satellite system study method to reduce heat stress under thermally insulating protective clothing 112 Rapid prototyping with flexible IP waveforms for SDRs 86 Scientific findings concerning a healthy target group-oriented diet in the 114 Secure navigation using the Enhanced Location Service for Smart Devices German Armed Forces in the context of occupational health management 88 Cave Lucem – Laser Attacks on Aircraft 90 Expert medical evacuation on board German Navy vessels Part 6 117 Appendix 92 Survey on job mobility in the German Armed Forces 118 Adresses and Contacts 124 Editorial Details Part 3 95 Military History and Social Science Research 96 57th International Conference of Military History (ICMH) “The Grand Battles 1916“ 98 Military sociology research on recruitment and retention 13 1 Defence Technology Research Defence research and technology (R&T) is the first link in a In Germany Defence R&T activities are conducted value chain, at the end of which the Bundeswehr should have − at Bundeswehr-own research institutes and technical the best possible equipment available, on time and in compli- centres ance with mission requirements. − within the scope of shared government funding at the Fraunhofer Society for the Advancement of Applied The broad capability spectrum of the Bundeswehr calls for Research (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der intensive monitoring and development of all fields of science angewandten Forschung e. V., FhG), the German Aerospace and engineering relevant to defence applications. Centre (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V., DLR) and the French-German Research Institute of Defence R&T activities provide the analysis and assessment Saint-Louis (Deutsch-Französisches Forschungsinstitut capability required for decision-making on equipment, i. e. Saint-Louis, ISL), they serve to analyse technological developments for their as well as future military usefulness or their threat potential, to identify − within the framework of project-funded research through strategic fields of interest for the advancement of Bundeswehr the award of R&T contracts and funding to third parties, capabilities, to take account of findings from civilian research, i.e. to industry and business, universities and non-univer- and to drive relevant emerging technologies forward to the sity research institutes. stage of production readiness at the proper time. The following articles present examples of Defence R&T activities conducted at these three levels in 2016. Research Activities 2016 14 15 Dr. Matthias Wickert Klaus Hoschke material is shaped or formed with the aid of elaborate tooling. ments. EMI has the expertise to realise extremely high 101 Fraunhofer-Institut für Kurzzeit dynamik, Fraunhofer-Institut für Kurzzeit dynamik, Ernst-Mach-Institut, EMI Ernst-Mach-Institut, EMI These forming processes are strongly directional, thus offering dynamic load conditions typical of defence applications in Freiburg Freiburg only very limited potential for the manufacturing of complex experiments under laboratory conditions and, by doing so, [email protected] [email protected] structures. to simulate material behaviour including failure in material models. It is here that 3D printing technologies offer an alternative in the form of additive manufacturing. Being especially suited EMI is, for example, involved in establishing design rules for 3D printing for defence applications: for lightweight designs that tend to include thin structural the utilisation of additive manufacturing processes especially lightweight solutions through numerical design optimisation elements permeating the body volume, such as are familiar in respect of the extremely dynamic load requirements in from lattice structures, only the material needed to fulfill the defence applications, with a view to exploiting the potential function is used in the manufacturing process and only there of this new technology for the Bundeswehr. It is also possible Metal additive manufacturing, or 3D printing, allows fabri- 3D printing of metal structures and components allows full is energy expended to fuse the metal powder with the struc- to include final design requirements extending beyond light- cation of components with enormous freedom in regard to control about at which locations the starting material, such as ture where required for the final design. Shaping and material weight construction, such as the aspect of heat conduction in geometrical shape and material structuring. With precise a metal powder, is to be fused to form geometric structures. structuring are considered optimal when material is used only the context of thermal signature management, in the process knowledge of the load profile, it is possible with
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