DOCSLIB.ORG

University Microfilms International 300 N

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
University Microfilms International 300 N INFORMATION TO USERS This was produced from a copy of a document sent to us for microfilming. While the most advanced technological means to photograph and reproduce this document have been used, the quality is heavily dependent upon the quality of the material submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help you understand markings or notations which may appear on this reproduction. 1.The sign or “target” for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is “Missing Page(s)”. If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting through an image and duplicating adjacent pages to assure you of complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a round black mark it is an indication that the film inspector noticed either blurred copy because of movement during exposure, or duplicate copy. Unless we meant to delete copyrighted materials that should not have been filmed, you will find a good image of the page in the adjacent frame. 3. When a map, drawing or chart, etc., is part of the material being photo­ graphed the photographer has followed a definite method in “sectioning” the material. It is customary to begin filming at the upper left hand corner of a large sheet and to continue from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. If necessary, sectioning is continued again—beginning below the first row and continuing on until complete. 4. For any illustrations that cannot be reproduced satisfactorily by xerography, photographic prints can be purchased at additional cost and tipped into your xerographic copy. Requests can be made to our Dissertations Customer Services Department. 5. Some pages in any document may have indistinct print. In all cases we have filmed the best available copy. University Microfilms International 300 N. ZEEB ROAD, ANN ARBOR, Ml 48106 18 BEDFORD ROW, LONDON WC1R 4EJ, ENGLAND 8008758 ARNETT, ROBERT LEE SOVIET ATTITUDES TOWARDS NUCLEAR WAR SURVIVAL (1962-1977): HAS THERE BEEN A CHANGE? The Ohio State University PH.D. 1979 University Microfilms International300 N. Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48106 18 Bedford Row, London WC1R 4EJ, England Copyright 1979 by ARNETT, ROBERT LEE All Rights Reserved SOVIET ATTITUDES TOWARDS NUCLEAR WAR SURVIVAL (1962-1977) HAS THERE BEEN A CHANGE? DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of the Ohio State University By Robert Lee Arnett, B.A., M.A. ***** The Ohio State University 1979 Reading Committee: Approved By: Dr. Philip D. Stewart Dr. Charles F. Hermann Dr. David M. Lampton Political Science To My Parents VITA August 15, 1947 Born — Akron, Ohio 1965 - 1969 B.A., Ohio State University 1969 - 1971 M.A., Ohio State University 1971 - 1973 U.S. Army 1973 - 1975 A.B.D., Ohio State University 1975 - 1978 Research Analyst, Library of Congress 1978 - Intelligence Specialist, Department of the Army PUBLICATIONS Author of "Soviet Views on Nuclear War Survival: Do They Really Think They Can Win?" Journal of Strategic Studies. 2 (September 1979). Author of "Soviet Military Doctrine: Views on Nuclear War," Arms Control Today. October 1978. Reprinted in Negotiating Security: An Arms Control Reader, Washington, D.C.: The Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 1979, pp. 115-120. Co-author of "Forecasting the Stability of the SALT Interim Agreement: A Social Exchange Approach," presented at the Midwest Political Science Association Meeting, April 1974. Co-author of "Political Mobility and the Soviet Political Process: A Partial Test of Two Models," American Political Science Review. December 1972, pp. 1269-1290. Author of "The Relationship of Oblast Economic Profiles and the Political Mobility of Soviet Middle-level Elites." M.A. thesis. March 1971. FIELDS OF STUDY Major Field: Political Science TABLE OF CONTENTS Page VITA................................................... iii INTRODUCTION............................................ 1 Chapter I. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY.............7 II. REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE................... 38 III. SOVIET ATTITUDES ON THE UTILITY OF NUCLEAR WAR AS AN INSTRUMENT OF POLICY____62 IV. SOVIET ATTITUDES ON THE POSSIBILITY OF VICTORY IN A NUCLEAR WAR................... 90 V. SOVIET ATTITUDES ON THE CONSEQUENCES OF A NUCLEAR WAR...............................10 8 VI. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS..... ___ 165 BIBLIOGRAPHY.......................................... 189 v INTRODUCTION In the United States, a major debate is currently underway concerning the Soviet Union's strategic nuclear weapons capabilities, the effectiveness of its civil defense capabilities, and the Soviet leaders' perception of those capabilities. Some Americans contend that the Soviet Union has, or will soon have, the capability to conduct a nuclear war and incur no more losses than it incurred in World War 11.^ On the other side in the debate are Americans who argue that the United States still has, and will continue to have in the near future, the capability to inflict unacceptable losses and damage upon the Soviet o Union even after sustaining a first strike. The debate also involves different evaluations of Soviet perceptions of their capabilities. Some Americans contend that the Soviet leaders believe their nation can win and survive a nuclear war. Others argue that such a 4 conclusion is ill-founded. This group contends that the Soviet leaders are well aware of the fact that the United States can inflict unacceptable damage on the Soviet Union 5 and that a meaningful victory would not be possible. An evaluation of the types of evidence being 1 presented in this debate leads to an interesting finding. Both sides in the debate have presented numerous capability analyses to support their conclusions. At the same time, both sides have made many comments on Soviet views of the consequences of a nuclear war. But compared to the number of capability analyses, very little evidence has been presented by either side to support their conclusions about Soviet perceptions. Capability analyses are absolutely essential in studying this question, but at the same time analyses of Soviet attitudes are also very important, especially when there are differing opinions about Soviet capabilities. A key question to be answered is, how confident are the Soviets that they could win and survive a nuclear war? It is the objective of this dissertation to examine and evaluate Soviet discussions of what they expect to happen if a nuclear war occurs. American leaders need an accurate assessment of Soviet views towards nuclear war survival in order to make rational decisions regarding our defense allocations and our national defense doctrine. If the Soviet leadership believes their nation could win a nuclear war with acceptable losses, then the likelihood is increased of either a nuclear attack against the U.S. or the use of nuclear blackmail against the West. If this is the case, the United States must increase its military and civil defense capabilities to convince the Soviet leadership that 3 there is no chance that their nation could win such a war. If, on the other hand, the Soviet leadership has no doubts about the United States' capability to inflict unacceptable damage on the Soviet Union, but the American leadership accepts the contention of various Western commentators who claim that the Soviet leaders believe it is possible to win a nuclear war, then the likelihood is increased that American leaders will make unnecessary changes in our defense allocations and our strategic nuclear doctrine. Thus, it is important not only to conduct analyses of Soviet military capabilities, but also to study the Soviet leaderships1 perceptions of these capabilities. Past studies of Soviet perceptions of their nuclear war-fighting capability vis-a-vis the United States have generally assessed, or commented on, Soviet statements on the following three issues: the feasibility of nuclear war as an instrument of policy; the possibility of victory in a nuclear war; and, the consequences of such a war. The attention given to Soviet attitudes on these issues is appropriate. The position which the Soviet leadership takes on these issues should provide evidence as to whether or not they believe their nation could achieve a meaningful 4 victory in a nuclear war. At the same time, Soviet views on these issues indicate how they evaluate their strategic nuclear offensive and defensive capabilities vis-a-vis the United States. In addition, their thinking on these issues indicates how likely it is that they might initiate, or threaten to initiate such a war. The higher their confidence in the likelihood of a meaningful victory, the more likely it is that they might decide to initiate, or threaten to initiate a nuclear war. The lower their confidence in such a possibility, the more likely they are to try every means to avoid such a conflict. If they claim that: (1) nuclear war can serve as a practical instrument of policy, (2) a meaningful victory is possible in a nuclear war, and (3) the consequences of such a conflict can be kept at an acceptable level, then this suggests that they do believe a meaningful victory is possible in a nuclear conflict. If on the other hand, they claim, in publications intended for a Russian audience, that: (1) nuclear war cannot serve as a practical instrument of policy, (2) victory is not possible in such a war, and (3) the consequences of a nuclear war cannot be kept at an acceptable level, then, it cannot be argued, on the basis of Soviet writings, that they believe it is possible to win and survive a nuclear war in a meaningful way. 5 NOTES 1. Some Westerners argue that not only can the Soviets win and survive a nuclear war, but they may be able to escape with fewer population losses than they incurred in World War II.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Babadzhanian, Hamazasp
    Babadzhanian, Hamazasp Born: February 18th, 1906 Died: November 1st, 1977 (Aged 71) Ethnicity: Armenian Field of Activity: Red Army Brief Biography Hamazasp Khachaturi Babadzhanian was a Russian military general who served during multiple wars for the Soviet Union, rising to prominence during the Great Patriotic War. He was born in 1906 into an impecunious Armenian family in Chardakhlu, Azerbaijan. He attended a secondary school in Tiflis in 1915 but due to familial financial difficulties was forced to return home and toil in the fields on his family’s plot of land, later working as a highway worker during 1923-24. Babadzhanian joined the Red Army in 1925 and later attended a Military School in Yerevan in 1926, graduating as an officer in 1929, as well as joining the Soviet Communist Party in 1928. He received various postings, mopping up armed gangs in the Caucasus region in 1930 and aided in liquidating the Kulak revolt. Babadzhanian moved around frequently, generally within the Transcaucasus and Baku regions, until 1939-1940, when he served in the Finno-Soviet war. He played a pivotal role in numerous battles in World War 2, participating in the battle of Smolensk, as well as contributing a fundamentally in Yelnya, where he overcame a far superior German force. For his efforts in recapturing Stanslav he received the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. He provided support in Poland, as well fighting in Berlin, contributing to the capture of the Reichstag. After the Great Patriotic War Babadzhanian would prove crucial in quelling the Hungarian Revolution in 1956, and some time after in 1975 became Chief Marshal of the Tank and Armoured Troops, a rank only he and one other attained.
    [Show full text]
  • Paving the Path for Success: Lenin's Political Theory in Practice, 1902-1917 Kelly Olsen
    Florida State University Libraries Electronic Theses, Treatises and Dissertations The Graduate School 2009 Paving the Path for Success: Lenin's Political Theory in Practice, 1902-1917 Kelly Olsen Follow this and additional works at the FSU Digital Library. For more information, please contact [email protected] THE FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES PAVING THE PATH FOR SUCCESS: LENIN’S POLITICAL THEORY IN PRACTICE, 1902-1917 By KELLY OLSEN A Thesis submitted to the Interdisciplinary Program in Russian and East European Studies in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Degree Awarded: Fall Semester, 2009 The members of the committee approve the thesis of Kelly Olsen defended on November 3, 2009. ________________________________________ Jonathan Grant Professor Directing Defense ________________________________________ Mark Souva Committee Member ________________________________________ Edward Wynot Committee Member The Graduate School has verified and approved the above-named committee members. ii This Thesis is dedicated to Dr. Art Vanden Houten in an effort to thank him for igniting my passion for political theory and showing me that the influence of a truly great teacher expands much further than the classroom. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to acknowledge Dr. Jonathan Grant for guiding me through the research and writing process and answering all my questions; big and small. I would also like to acknowledge my father, mother, and sister for encouraging me to always strive for success and for listening to me talk about Lenin for countless hours. Thank you. iv ABSTRACT This thesis presents and evaluates a selection of Lenin’s political writings from 1902-1917 in an effort to illustrate the continuity in his political theory.
    [Show full text]
  • FALL 2019 NEWSLETTER from the 2019-20 Department Chair, Evelyn Brooks Higginbotham
    FALL 2019 NEWSLETTER From the 2019-20 Department Chair, Evelyn Brooks Higginbotham The History Department is revving up for department, they contributed greatly to the 2019-2020 academic year. In looking their fields of study, to Harvard, and to the forward to the opening of the semester, we historical profession. In fall 2018, death express excitement about the return of the also took alum Stephen Walsh, who received many faculty members who were on leave his PhD in History in 2014. The faculty last year. We welcome you back! And we voted last spring to honor his memory. One call special attention to Tiya Miles and Derek of the department’s three annual History Penslar, who spent their first year as Prize Instructorships will be called the tenured faculty at Harvard (2018-2019) on Stephen A. Walsh History Prize leave and join us this fall in a full and active Instructorship for the next three years way. Tiya Miles offers courses on African (2019-2022). Americans and Native Americans. She is also attentive to gender as one of her The History Department’s faculty news is course titles reveals—“Native American filled with much to highlight. Kirsten Weld Evelyn Brooks Women: History and Myth.” Derek Penslar was promoted to the rank of full professor Higginbotham offers courses in modern Jewish History. He and Arunabh Ghosh was promoted to Department Chair will teach the Gen Ed course “Is War associate professor. David Howell, Inevitable.” Similarly, Liz Cohen returns to previously an affiliate in the department, Dimiter Angelov the History faculty after her sabbatical, now holds a joint appointment with History Outgoing Director of which followed seven years of stellar and East Asian Languages and Civilizations leadership as the Dean of Radcliffe.
    [Show full text]
  • Comparable Grades * April 2020
    DoD2B 7000.14-R Financial Management Regulation Volume 7A, Comparable Grades * April 2020 VOLUME 7A, “COMPARABLE GRADES” SUMMARY OF MAJOR CHANGES All changes are denoted by blue font. Substantive revisions are denoted by an asterisk (*) symbol preceding the section, paragraph, table, or figure that includes the revision. Unless otherwise noted, chapters referenced are contained in this volume. Hyperlinks are denoted by bold, italic, blue, and underlined font. The previous version dated April 2018 is archived. PARAGRAPH EXPLANATION OF CHANGE/REVISION PURPOSE Added the Coast Guard and a note to the “Comparable All Addition Grades.” Added a note acknowledging the establishment of U.S. Space Force as the sixth branch of the armed forces and All Addition explaining the chapter will be updated as soon as the U.S. Space Force information is available. CG-1 DoD2B 7000.14-R Financial Management Regulation Volume 7A, Comparable Grades * April 2020 Comparable Grades Pay Grade Army Navy/Coast Guard Marine Corps Air Force O-10 General Admiral General General O-9 Lieutenant General Vice Admiral Lieutenant General Lieutenant General O-8 Major General Rear Admiral (UH) Major General Major General O-7 Brigadier General Rear Admiral (LH) Brigadier General Brigadier General O-6 Colonel Captain Colonel Colonel O-5 Lieutenant Colonel Commander Lieutenant Colonel Lieutenant Colonel O-4 Major Lieutenant Major Major Commander O-3 Captain Lieutenant Captain Captain O-2 1st Lieutenant Lieutenant (JG) 1st Lieutenant 1st Lieutenant O-1 2nd Lieutenant Ensign 2nd Lieutenant
    [Show full text]
  • RUSSIA: Its Place in the 21St Century and The
    RUSSIA: Its Place in the 21st Century and the Implications for the United States The findings of a trilogy of panel studies by recognized experts A Special Report of the U.S.-Russia Relations Study Group June l, 2001 Sponsored by Hudson Institute, Inc. http://wwww.hudson.org A Special Report of the U.S.-Russia Relations Study Group June l, 2001 Sponsored by Hudson Institute, Inc. http://wwww.hudson.org CONTENTS Introduction by Herbert London Study Group Briefing Agenda and Panel Participants Part One - Plenary Session Rapporteur’s Report by Peter Schweizer Part Two - Panel Reports I. Internal Issues Panel Findings, Conclusions or Recommendations Remarks by Panel Chairman, Congressman Curt Weldon Cornerstone Paper by David Satter II. Foreign Policy Panel Findings, Conclusions or Recommendations Remarks by Panel Chairman, Senator Fred Thompson Cornerstone Paper by Dr. Richard Pipes III. Security and Military Issues Panel Findings, Conclusions or Recommendations Remarks by Panel Chairman, Major General William Odom, USA, Ret. Cornerstone Paper by Dr. Keith Payne Part Three - Luncheon Address by The Honorable James Woolsey Further Suggested Reading on Russia and the United States For Additional Information on this Hudson Institute Project and Future Hudson Institute Events, See Contact Information on the Inside Back Cover. A Special Report of the U.S.-Russia Relations Study Group June l, 2001 Sponsored by Hudson Institute, Inc. http://wwww.hudson.org RUSSIA: ITS PLACE IN THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY AND THE IMPLICATIONS FOR THE UNITED STATES A Report of the Hudson Institute Study Group on U.S.-Russia Relations Introduction By Herbert London Ten years ago we watched with near disbelief as the last great predatory empire, the Soviet Union, began to unravel before our eyes - and with scarcely a shot fired.
    [Show full text]
  • PDF File, 139.89 KB
    Armed Forces Equivalent Ranks Order Men Women Royal New Zealand New Zealand Army Royal New Zealand New Zealand Naval New Zealand Royal New Zealand Navy: Women’s Air Force: Forces Army Air Force Royal New Zealand New Zealand Royal Women’s Auxilliary Naval Service Women’s Royal New Zealand Air Force Army Corps Nursing Corps Officers Officers Officers Officers Officers Officers Officers Vice-Admiral Lieutenant-General Air Marshal No equivalent No equivalent No equivalent No equivalent Rear-Admiral Major-General Air Vice-Marshal No equivalent No equivalent No equivalent No equivalent Commodore, 1st and Brigadier Air Commodore No equivalent No equivalent No equivalent No equivalent 2nd Class Captain Colonel Group Captain Superintendent Colonel Matron-in-Chief Group Officer Commander Lieutenant-Colonel Wing Commander Chief Officer Lieutenant-Colonel Principal Matron Wing Officer Lieutentant- Major Squadron Leader First Officer Major Matron Squadron Officer Commander Lieutenant Captain Flight Lieutenant Second Officer Captain Charge Sister Flight Officer Sub-Lieutenant Lieutenant Flying Officer Third Officer Lieutenant Sister Section Officer Senior Commis- sioned Officer Lieutenant Flying Officer Third Officer Lieutenant Sister Section Officer (Branch List) { { Pilot Officer Acting Pilot Officer Probationary Assistant Section Acting Sub-Lieuten- 2nd Lieutenant but junior to Third Officer 2nd Lieutenant No equivalent Officer ant Navy and Army { ranks) Commissioned Officer No equivalent No equivalent No equivalent No equivalent No equivalent No
    [Show full text]
  • Curriculum Vitae
    CURRICULUM VITAE Max A.L.T. Nielsen Lieutenant General Military Representative to NATO and EU DATE OF BIRTH: November 6. 1963 PRIVATE: Married to Berit Thorsø Nielsen. Two children and three grandchildren. MILITARY EDUCATION: 1983 Conscript 1984 NCO School 1985 Control, Reporting and Fighter Control Education 1986 - 1988 Officers Basic Course 1991 Junior Joint Staff Course 1991 - 1992 Officers Advanced Course 1995 - 1996 Air Command and Staff College, US 2011 NATO Defense College, Rome, IT. MILITARY CAREER: 1984 Sergeant 1987 Lieutenant 1988 First Lieutenant 1992 Captain 1996 Major 2001 Lieutenant Colonel 2005 Colonel 2008 Brigadier General 2014 Major General 2017 Lieutenant General ASSIGNMENTS: 1984 Section Commander, Training Platoon/Air Base Skrydstrup 1987 Platoon Commander, Training Squadron/Air Base Aalborg 1988 Fighter & SAM Control Officer, C&R Group, 602 SQN Airbase/Skrydstrup 1992 Air Defence Operations Officer/ICAOC 1 Finderup 1993 Staff Officer, Training Branch/Tactical Air Command Denmark 1994 Staff Officer, Policy Branch/Tactical Air Command Denmark 1996 Chief of Air Operations Branch/Tactical Air Command Denmark 1998 Staff Officer and Deputy Head, Policy Branch/Defence Command Denmark 2000 Staff Officer Operations, 1st Office/Ministry of Defence. 2001 Chief of Staff & Acting Commandant/Royal Danish Air Force Academy 2002 Chief of Operations Branch/Defence Command Denmark 2005 Military Assistant to the Deputy Commander/NATO Training Mission-Iraq. Baghdad 2005 Chief of Executive Office/Defence Commander Denmark 2008 Chief
    [Show full text]
  • The Media in Bulgaria During Communism and Their Transformation Into Democratic Institutions
    ARCHIVAL RESEARCH PAPER The media in Bulgaria during communism and their transformation into democratic institutions Bissera Zankova SJD candidate, CEU Legal Studies Department Budapest July 2005 ARP 1 Open Society Archives at Central European University, 2005 OSA Archival Research Paper The media in Bulgaria during communism and their transformation into democratic institutions1 by Bissera Zankova, SJD candidate, CEU Legal Studies Department Abstract As everywhere in the communist block, the media in Bulgaria during communist time was a propaganda institution and an important element of the monolithic state and party ideological machinery. This could be clearly seen through the Subject Files (50s, 60s, 70s), through the Bulgarian press surveys in English (1958–1967) and through the RFE/RL Background and Situational Reports (1964–1988) – hereinafter: BR and SR – which were examined. Although they pursued clearly stated ideological objectives, it is striking that during that time the media system did not remain unaffected by internal and external changes. One can observe modifications in the structure, functions and priorities of the media, as well as adjustments to social needs which were apparently due to the innate dynamics of the media (which cannot be restricted even by the most severe measures) and to political demands as they varied over time. Among the different media, the press and the radio were traditionally entrenched as the party mouthpieces after the socialist revolution in Bulgaria and it was only in 1958–1959 that they were joined by television. The first attempts at the introduction of television broadcasting in the country started in the fifties of the last century as studio experiments at Sofia Technical University.
    [Show full text]
  • Major General Andreas STETTBACHER Surgeon General
    Federal Department of Defence, Civil Protection and Sport DDPS Swiss Armed Forces Armed Forces Staff AFS Major General Andreas STETTBACHER Surgeon General Date of birth 25 March1962 Academic title M.D. Surgery FMH, University of Bern Service address Worblentalstrasse 36, 3063 Ittigen Current function Major General Stettbacher is Surgeon General of the Swiss Armed Forces and in his civilian function he is Commissioner of the Federal Council of Ministers for the Coordinated Medical Services. He is in charge of the military health service, directs the medical sector in the Armed Forces Staff and is head of the Centre of Competence for Military and Disaster Medicine. In addition the Surgeon Gen- eral supervises the Aeromedical Institute and medical support of the professional special forces. Or- ganisationally, he is assigned to the Chief of Armed Forces Staff. In his function as Commissioner of the Federal Council of Ministers he is responsible for coordinating preparations and the deployment of Swiss public health resources in special and exceptional situa- tions and is authorised to negotiate directly with both civilian and military authorities of Confederation and cantons. Career 1989 Captain, senior physician of military training area Thun, battalion surgeon of mechanised artillery battalion 1997 Major, regimental surgeon in infantry regiment staff 2002 Lieutenant colonel; armed forces staff section 2006 Colonel, chief of staff in Armed Forces Logistics Organisation 2008 Deputy surgeon general in military strategy staff 2009 Major general, surgeon general Functions 1999 Chief medical officer (CMO), OSCE Sarajevo Head of Department of Surgery, Conradie Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa 2000 Head of Clinical Services, Conradie Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa Head of Surgery, G.F.
    [Show full text]
  • British Aircraft in Russia Bombers and Boats
    SPRING 2004 - Volume 51, Number 1 British Aircraft in Russia Viktor Kulikov 4 Bombers and Boats: SB-17 and SB-29 Combat Operations in Korea Forrest L. Marion 16 Were There Strategic Oil Targets in Japan in 1945? Emanuel Horowitz 26 General Bernard A. Schriever: Technological Visionary Jacob Neufeld 36 Touch and Go in Uniforms of the Past JackWaid 44 Book Reviews 48 Fleet Operations in a Mobile War: September 1950 – June 1951 by Joseph H. Alexander Reviewed by William A. Nardo 48 B–24 Liberator by Martin Bowman Reviewed by John S. Chilstrom 48 Bombers over Berlin: The RAF Offensive, November 1943-March 1944 by Alan W. Cooper Reviewed by John S. Chilstrom 48 The Politics of Coercion: Toward A Theory of Coercive Airpower for Post-Cold War Conflict by Lt. Col. Ellwood P. “Skip” Hinman IV Reviewed by William A. Nardo 49 Ending the Vietnam War: A History of America’s Involvement and Extrication from the Vietnam War by Henry Kissinger Reviewed by Lawrence R. Benson 50 The Dynamics of Military Revolution, 1300-2050 by MacGregor Knox and Williamson Murray, eds. Reviewed by James R. FitzSimonds 50 To Reach the High Frontier: A History of U.S. Launch Vehicles by Roger D. Launius and Dennis R. Jenkins, eds. Reviewed by David F. Crosby 51 History of Rocketry and Astronautics: Proceedings of the Thirtieth History Symposium of the International Academy of Astronautics, Beijing, China, 1996 by Hervé Moulin and Donald C. Elder, eds. Reviewed by Rick W. Sturdevant 52 Secret Empire: Eisenhower, the CIA, and the Hidden Story of America’s Space Espionage by Philip Taubman Reviewed by Lawrence R.
    [Show full text]
  • Bulletin No. 11
    COLD WAR INTERNATIONAL HISTORY PROJECT BULLETIN Issue 11 Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, Washington, D.C. Winter 1998 Cold War Flashpoints Featuring New Evidence on: The Polish Crisis 1980-1981 Poland in the Early Cold War The Sino-American Opening The Korean War The Berlin Crisis 1958-1962 COLD WAR INTERNATIONAL HISTORY PROJECT BULLETIN 11 WOODROW WILSON INTERNATIONAL CENTER Cold War International History Project FOR SCHOLARS Lee H. Hamilton, Director EDITOR: CHRISTIAN F. OSTERMANN BOARD OF T RUSTEES ADVISING EDITOR: JAMES G. HERSHBERG Joseph A. Cari, Jr., Chairman Steven Alan Bennett, Vice Chairman ASSISTANT EDITOR/PRODUCTION MANAGER: KARIN I. MUELLER ASSISTANT EDITOR/BULLETIN ADMINISTRATOR: NANCY L. MEYERS EX OFFICIO MEMBERS: The Secretary of State Madeleine K. Albright, The Librarian of Congress James H. Billington, The Archivist of the United States John W. Carlin, The Director of the U.S. Information Agency Penn Kemble, The Chairman of the National Endowment for the Humanities William R. Ferris, The Secretary of the Smithsonian The Cold War International History Project (CWIHP) was established at the Woodrow Wilson International Institution I. Michael Heyman, The Secretary Center for Scholars in Washington, D.C., in 1991 with the help of the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur of Education Richard W. Riley, The Secretary Foundation and receives major support from the MacArthur Foundation and the Smith Richardson of Health & Human Services Donna E. Shalala. Foundation. The Project supports the full and prompt release of historical materials by governments on PRIVATE CITIZEN MEMBERS: Daniel L. all sides of the Cold War, and seeks to disseminate new information and perspectives on Cold War history Doctoroff, Jean L.
    [Show full text]
  • At Cold War's End: Complexity, Causes, and Counterfactuals
    THE LONDON SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS AND POLITICAL SCIENCE At Cold War’s End: Complexity, Causes, and Counterfactuals Benjamin Mueller A thesis submitted to the Department of International Relations of the London School of Economics and Political Science for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. London, 1 October 2015 DECLARATION I certify that the thesis I present for examination for the MPhil/PhD degree of the London School of Economics and Political Science is solely my own work, except where I have clearly indicated that it is the work of others (in which case the extent of any work carried out by any other person is clearly identified in it). The copyright of this thesis rests with the author. Quotation from it is permitted, provided that full acknowledgement is made. This thesis may not be reproduced without my prior written consent. I warrant that this authorisation does not, to the best of my belief, infringe the rights of any third party. I declare that my thesis consists of 99,864 words. 2 ABSTRACT What caused the Cold War to end? In the following I examine the puzzle of the fast and peaceful conclusion of the bipolar superpower standoff, and point out the problems this creates for the study of International Relations (IR). I discuss prevailing explanations and point out their gaps, and offer the framework of complexity theory as a suitable complement to overcome the blind spots in IR’s reductionist methodologies. I argue that uncertainty and unpredictability are rooted in an international system that is best viewed as non-linear.
    [Show full text]