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Government Gazette, 18 September 2020 No. 43726 71 No. Species
Government Gazette, 18 September 2020 No. 43726 71 No. Species Common Name Category / Area Scope of Exemption from the Provisions of Section 71(3) / Prohibition In Terms Of Section 71a (1) Changes made to the Invasive Species List of 18 September, 2020 List 1: National list of Invasive Terrestrial and Fresh-water Plant Species Old name for Torch Cactus removed. New name appears on the list. • OLD: Echinopsis schickendantzii F.A.C.Weber (= E. spachiana (Lem.) Friedrich & G.D.Rowley) - Torch cactus 1b • NEW: Trichocereus spachianus Riccob. (= Echinopsis spachiana) - Torch cactus 1b List 2: National List of Invasive Marine Plant Species No changes List 3: National List of Invasive Mammal Species SPECIES ADDED: • Bos frontalis Lambert, 1804 Gaur 2 • Giraffa camelopardalis (Linnaeus, 1758) (all subspecies with the exception of giraffa). • Giraffe (except the South African giraffe) 2 • Hippotragus niger Harris, 1838 (all subspecies except of H. n. niger) Sable 2 SPECIES REMOVED: • Diceros bicornis michaeli Zukowsky, 1965 Black rhinoceros (Kenya) 2 List 4: National List of Invasive Bird Species SPECIES ADDED: • Streptopelia picturata (Temminck, 1813) Madagascar (Malagasy) turtle-dove 2 • Struthio camelus molybdophanes Reichenow, 1883 North African (Somali) ostrich 2 SPECIES REMOVED: • Acridotheres fuscus Wagler, 1827 Jungle mynah 2 • Acridotheres tristis (Linnaeus, 1766) Indian mynah 3 • Carduelis carduelis (Linnaeus, 1758) European goldfinch 2 • Carduelis chloris (Linnaeus, 1758) European greenfinch 2 • Carduelis flammea (Linnaeus, 1758) Common -
Biolphilately Vol-64 No-3
BIOPHILATELY OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE BIOLOGY UNIT OF ATA MARCH 2020 VOLUME 69, NUMBER 1 Great fleas have little fleas upon their backs to bite 'em, And little fleas have lesser fleas, and so ad infinitum. —Augustus De Morgan Dr. Indraneil Das Pangolins on Stamps More Inside >> IN THIS ISSUE NEW ISSUES: ARTICLES & ILLUSTRATIONS: From the Editor’s Desk ......................... 1 Botany – Christopher E. Dahle ............ 17 Pangolins on Stamps of the President’s Message .............................. 2 Fungi – Paul A. Mistretta .................... 28 World – Dr. Indraneil Das ..................7 Secretary -Treasurer’s Corner ................ 3 Mammalia – Michael Prince ................ 31 Squeaky Curtain – Frank Jacobs .......... 15 New Members ....................................... 3 Ornithology – Glenn G. Mertz ............. 35 New Plants in the Philatelic News of Note ......................................... 3 Ichthyology – J. Dale Shively .............. 57 Herbarium – Christopher Dahle ....... 23 Women’s Suffrage – Dawn Hamman .... 4 Entomology – Donald Wright, Jr. ........ 59 Rats! ..................................................... 34 Event Calendar ...................................... 6 Paleontology – Michael Kogan ........... 65 New Birds in the Philatelic Wedding Set ........................................ 16 Aviary – Charles E. Braun ............... 51 Glossary ............................................... 72 Biology Reference Websites ................ 69 ii Biophilately March 2020 Vol. 69 (1) BIOPHILATELY BIOLOGY UNIT -
OBSERVATIONS on a GREAT EGRET Ardea Alba and NANKEEN NIGHT HERON Nycticorax Caledonicus COLONY at the PERTH ZOO, WESTERN AUSTRALIA
Corella, 2004, 28(3): 82-86 OBSERVATIONS ON A GREAT EGRET Ardea alba AND NANKEEN NIGHT HERON Nycticorax caledonicus COLONY AT THE PERTH ZOO, WESTERN AUSTRALIA ROBYN L. PHILLIMORE' and HARRY F. RECHER2 'School of Natural Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia 6027 email: [email protected]: [email protected] 'Corresponding author. Present address: P.O. Box 154, Brooklyn, New South Wales, Australia 2083 Received: I I Augusr 2003 A colony of Great Egrets Ardea alba and Nankeen Night Herons Nycticorax caledonicus has existed at the Perth Zoo, Western Australia for over 25 years. The colony of egrets is one of very few in the region and hence is significant for the conservation and management of Great Egrets in Western Australia. From 1996 to 1998, surveys were conducted to determine the number of breeding pairs, clutch size, breeding success, and nest site selection of birds in the colony. Most observations were ground based, but a 30-metre cherry picker was used to inspect nests and determine clutch size. One hundred and thirty night heron and 49 egret nests were found in 1996; 92 night heron and 41 egret nests in 1997; and, 153 night heron and 36 egret nests in 1998. Nesting commenced in September, with peak numbers in early November. Both species nested in tall trees well above zoo visitors and animals. Egrets nested only in pines, whereas night herons nested mainly in figs. Great Egrets had an average clutch size of 2.6-2.7 by early November compared with a clutch of 1.6-1.8 for Nankeen Night Herons. -
B.Sc. II YEAR CHORDATA
B.Sc. II YEAR CHORDATA CHORDATA 16SCCZO3 Dr. R. JENNI & Dr. R. DHANAPAL DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY M. R. GOVT. ARTS COLLEGE MANNARGUDI CONTENTS CHORDATA COURSE CODE: 16SCCZO3 Block and Unit title Block I (Primitive chordates) 1 Origin of chordates: Introduction and charterers of chordates. Classification of chordates up to order level. 2 Hemichordates: General characters and classification up to order level. Study of Balanoglossus and its affinities. 3 Urochordata: General characters and classification up to order level. Study of Herdmania and its affinities. 4 Cephalochordates: General characters and classification up to order level. Study of Branchiostoma (Amphioxus) and its affinities. 5 Cyclostomata (Agnatha) General characters and classification up to order level. Study of Petromyzon and its affinities. Block II (Lower chordates) 6 Fishes: General characters and classification up to order level. Types of scales and fins of fishes, Scoliodon as type study, migration and parental care in fishes. 7 Amphibians: General characters and classification up to order level, Rana tigrina as type study, parental care, neoteny and paedogenesis. 8 Reptilia: General characters and classification up to order level, extinct reptiles. Uromastix as type study. Identification of poisonous and non-poisonous snakes and biting mechanism of snakes. 9 Aves: General characters and classification up to order level. Study of Columba (Pigeon) and Characters of Archaeopteryx. Flight adaptations & bird migration. 10 Mammalia: General characters and classification up -
A Classification of the Rallidae
A CLASSIFICATION OF THE RALLIDAE STARRY L. OLSON HE family Rallidae, containing over 150 living or recently extinct species T and having one of the widest distributions of any family of terrestrial vertebrates, has, in proportion to its size and interest, received less study than perhaps any other major group of birds. The only two attempts at a classifi- cation of all of the recent rallid genera are those of Sharpe (1894) and Peters (1934). Although each of these lists has some merit, neither is satisfactory in reflecting relationships between the genera and both often separate closely related groups. In the past, no attempt has been made to identify the more primitive members of the Rallidae or to illuminate evolutionary trends in the family. Lists almost invariably begin with the genus Rdus which is actually one of the most specialized genera of the family and does not represent an ancestral or primitive stock. One of the difficulties of rallid taxonomy arises from the relative homo- geneity of the family, rails for the most part being rather generalized birds with few groups having morphological modifications that clearly define them. As a consequence, particularly well-marked genera have been elevated to subfamily rank on the basis of characters that in more diverse families would not be considered as significant. Another weakness of former classifications of the family arose from what Mayr (194933) referred to as the “instability of the morphology of rails.” This “instability of morphology,” while seeming to belie what I have just said about homogeneity, refers only to the characteristics associated with flightlessness-a condition that appears with great regularity in island rails and which has evolved many times. -
California Red-Legged Frog (Rana Aurora Draytonii)
AMPHIBIANS California Red-Legged Frog (Rana aurora draytonii) California Red-Legged Frog (Rana aurora draytonii) Status State: Meets requirements as a “rare, threatened or endangered species” under CEQA Federal: Threatened Critical Habitat: Designated in 2001 (USFWS 2001) but rescinded in 2002 by court order except for one unit in the Sierra Nevada; proposed again in 2004 (USFWS 2004) Population Trend Global: State endemic; declining State: Declining Within Inventory Area: Apparently stable in some areas Data Characterization The location database for the California red-legged frog (Rana aurora draytonii) within its known range in California includes 419 data records dated from 1919 to 2001. Of these records, 344 were documented within the past 10 years; of these, 203 are of high precision and may be accurately located within the inventory area. Approximately 81 of these high-precision records are located within or near the inventory area. These records occur within non-native grassland, riparian forest, riparian woodland, riparian scrub, freshwater marsh, and wetland. A moderate amount of literature is available regarding the California red-legged frog because of its threatened status and the recent trend in global decline in amphibians. Most of the literature pertains to habitat requirements, population trends, ecological relationships, threats, and conservation efforts. A final recovery plan for the California red-legged frog has been published by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (2002). Range The historical range of the California red-legged frog extended along the coast from the vicinity of Point Reyes National Seashore, Marin County, California and inland from Redding, Shasta County southward to northwestern Baja California, Mexico (Jennings and Hayes 1985, Hayes and Krempels 1986). -
Historical Biology: an International Journal of Paleobiology Added
This article was downloaded by: [ETH Zurich] On: 23 September 2013, At: 04:58 Publisher: Taylor & Francis Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number: 1072954 Registered office: Mortimer House, 37-41 Mortimer Street, London W1T 3JH, UK Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/ghbi20 Added credence for a late Dodo extinction date Andrew Jackson a a Institute for Geophysics , Sonneggstr. 5, Zurich , Switzerland Published online: 23 Sep 2013. To cite this article: Andrew Jackson , Historical Biology (2013): Added credence for a late Dodo extinction date, Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08912963.2013.838231 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE Taylor & Francis makes every effort to ensure the accuracy of all the information (the “Content”) contained in the publications on our platform. However, Taylor & Francis, our agents, and our licensors make no representations or warranties whatsoever as to the accuracy, completeness, or suitability for any purpose of the Content. Any opinions and views expressed in this publication are the opinions and views of the authors, and are not the views of or endorsed by Taylor & Francis. The accuracy of the Content should not be relied upon and should be independently verified with primary sources of information. Taylor and Francis shall not be liable for any losses, actions, claims, proceedings, demands, costs, expenses, damages, and other liabilities whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with, in relation to or arising out of the use of the Content. -
Dodo' Award Title for Record Period with No New Named Endangered Species by Shirley Gregory
http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/358072/conservation_group_awards_interior.html Conservation Group Awards Interior Secretary 'Dodo' Award Title for Record Period with No New Named Endangered Species by Shirley Gregory By not placing a single plant or animal on the federal list of endangered species since his confirmation, U.S. Secretary of Interior Dirk Kempthorne has earned the first-ever "Rubber Dodo Award," according to news from the Center for Biological Diversity. Kempthorne has not listed a single species as endangered during the 472 days he has served as secretary, the center said, thereby passing the previous record held by former Interior Secretary James Watt, who placed no plants or animals on the endangered species list for 376 days during his term between 1981 and 1982. "Kempthorne is eminently deserving of the first annual Rubber Dodo award," said Kieran Suckling, policy director for the center, which established the award. "His refusal to protect a single imperiled species in more than 15 months gives him the worst record of any interior secretary in the history of the Endangered Species Act. His policies should go the way of the dodo as soon as possible." The award is named for the dodo bird, a three-foot-tall, flightless bird discovered on the uninhabited island of Mauritius by Dutch sailors in 1598. Within less than a century, the bird had been wiped out -- hunted by humans and other animals it had before never encountered nor developed a natural fear of. "Political appointees like Kempthorne come and go, but extinction is forever," Suckling said. "No politician has the right to destroy the future of an endangered species." As of July, according to a report by the Washington Post, only 60 species have been added to the Endangered Species list during the George W. -
Coevolution of Cycads and Dinosaurs George E
Coevolution of cycads and dinosaurs George E. Mustoe* INTRODUCTION TOXICOLOGY OF EXTANT CYCADS cycads suggests that the biosynthesis of ycads were a major component of Illustrations in textbooks commonly these compounds was a trait that C forests during the Mesozoic Era, the depict herbivorous dinosaurs browsing evolved early in the history of the shade of their fronds falling upon the on cycad fronds, but biochemical evi- Cycadales. Brenner et al. (2002) sug- scaly backs of multitudes of dinosaurs dence from extant cycads suggests that gested that macrozamin possibly serves a that roamed the land. Paleontologists these reconstructions are incorrect. regulatory function during cycad have long postulated that cycad foliage Foliage of modern cycads is highly toxic growth, but a strong case can be made provided an important food source for to vertebrates because of the presence that the most important reason for the reptilian herbivores, but the extinction of two powerful neurotoxins and carcin- evolution of cycad toxins was their of dinosaurs and the contemporaneous ogens, cycasin (methylazoxymethanol- usefulness as a defense against foliage precipitous decline in cycad popula- beta-D-glucoside) and macrozamin (beta- predation at a time when dinosaurs were tions at the close of the Cretaceous N-methylamine-L-alanine). Acute symp- the dominant herbivores. The protective have generally been assumed to have toms triggered by cycad foliage inges- role of these toxins is evidenced by the resulted from different causes. Ecologic tion include vomiting, diarrhea, and seed dispersal characteristics of effects triggered by a cosmic impact are abdominal cramps, followed later by loss modern cycads. a widely-accepted explanation for dino- of coordination and paralysis of the saur extinction; cycads are presumed to limbs. -
Data Sources for 18Th Century French Encyclopaedists – What They Used and Omitted: Evidence of Data Lost and Ignored from the Mascarene Islands, Indian Ocean
Journal of the National Museum (Prague), Natural History Series Vol. 177 (9): 91-117; published on 28 April 2009 ISSN 1802-6842 (print), 1802-6850 (electronic) Copyright © Národní muzeum, Praha, 2009 Data sources for 18th century French encyclopaedists – what they used and omitted: evidence of data lost and ignored from the Mascarene Islands, Indian Ocean Anthony S. Cheke 139 Hurst St., Oxford OX4 1HE, United Kingdom; e-mail: [email protected] ABSTR A CT . The pioneering encyclopaedias of Brisson (1756, 1760) and Buffon (1749-1767, 1770-1783, and supplements) were the first to be solidly based on specimens examined by theauthors.CollectorsintheMascarenesassembledsubstantialmaterialfortheseworks,but onlyapartendedupinthepublishedencyclopaedias.Partofthiswasduetolossintransit, butmorewasapparentlysimplyoverlookedamidstthemassofmaterialthewritersweredeal- ing with. As a result, several species collected &/or illustrated in the mid-18th century and apparentlyavailabletotheencyclopaedistswerenotformallydescribedforseveraldecades or even a century later, notably Pseudobulweria aterrima, Coracina newtoni and Taphozous mauritianus from Réunion, Alectroenas nitidissima, Nesoenas mayeri, Mascarenotus sauzieri, Mormopterus acetabulosus and Phelsuma ornata from Mauritius, and Psittacula exsul and Cylindraspis peltastes from Rodrigues. The colonial collector-correspondents also sent much useful life history data that also did not make it into print at the time. KEY WORDS . Brisson, Buffon, Réaumur, Lanux, Cossigny, Commerson, Jossigny, de Querhoënt, Mauritius,Réunion,Rodrigues,birds,mammals,reptiles. INTRODUCTION In the mid-18th century, French scientific writers published extensive natural history encyclo- paedias of world fauna based for the first time on actual specimens and travel literature instead of being largely or partly informed by myth and legend (Newton & Gadow 1896, Farber 1982). -
Cucurbitaceae Enrichment for Our Parrots Study of the Presence Of
Parrots and climate change Cucurbitaceae enrichment for Study of the presence of our parrots pheomelanin in parakeet Page 4 Page 23 feathers VOL 32 Page 24 NO 8-11 CONTENTS 3 VoLume 32 / Number 8-11 Editorial 4 Parrots and climate change 6 MY BREEDING WITH THE AFRICAN DAMARALAND PARROT The Brown parrot, as they are called in Africa, are widely spread in six sub-species over a big part of Africa, from Southern Chad, Sudan and Ethiopia, to the more southern countries like Angola, Namibia, Botswana and Zimbabwe. 12 Survey confirms upward trend of the Blue- » p.6 throated Macaw in Bolivia Getting birds to reproduce in controlled spaces is a process that requires dedication, a lot of attention, resources and, above all, knowledge. Only in this way can good results be obtained. In the past, scientists had to resort to museum skins collections to obtain samples or to observe biological parameters in dissected animals. 14 Bleeding Heart Pigeons Gallicolumba is a mid-sized genus of ground-dwelling doves (family Columbidae) which occur in rainforests on the Philippines, Indonesia Islands and in the Pacific region. They are not closely related to the American ground doves (genus Columbina and related genera). Rather, the present genus is closest to the thick-billed ground pigeon. » p.22 22 Calabash for parrots 23 Cucurbitaceae enrichment for our parrots 24 Study of the presence of pheomelanin in par- akeet feathers The colors in a bird’s feathers are formed in two different ways: pigments and light refraction caused by the structure of the feather. -
According to Dictionary
Extinction: The Parrots We’ve Lost By Desi Milpacher The definition of extinction is “the act or process of becoming extinct; a coming to an end or dying out: the extinction of a species.” Once extinction has been determined, there is usually no chance of a species recurring in a given ecosystem. In mankind’s active history of exploration, exploitation and settlement of new worlds, there has been much loss of natural resources. Parrots have suffered tremendously in this, with over twenty species having been permanently lost. And there are many more that are teetering on the edge, towards the interminable abyss. In this article we find out what happened to these lost treasures, learn which ones are currently being lost, and why this is important to our world. The Old and New Worlds and Their Lost Parrots Little is known of the natural history of most of the world’s extinct parrots, mainly because they disappeared before in-depth studies were conducted on them. It is generally believed, save the Central American macaws which were least known, that most fed on diets similar to today’s parrots (leaves, blossoms, seeds, nuts and fruits), frequented heavy forested areas and nested mainly in tree cavities. A number could not fly well, or were exceptionally tame, leading to their easy capture. Nearly all of these natural treasures vanished between the 18th and early 20th centuries, and the main reason for their loss was overhunting. Some lesser causes included egg collecting (popular with naturalists in the 19th century), diseases (introduced or endemic), drought, natural disasters, predation by introduced species, and habitat alternation.