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EAO HAZARD MONITORING SUMMARY REPORT (August) Date: 16/08/2016 Introduction

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EAO HAZARD MONITORING SUMMARY REPORT (August) Date: 16/08/2016 Introduction: This is the fifth summary of hazard monitoring report for 2016. The reporting period covers 1st to 15th August 2016. As part of WFP’s revised Food Security Assessment plan in Cambodia, hazard monitoring activities are to be carried out from the 1st of June till the end of October each year. The idea behind this report is to ensure that the CO team is fully abreast of any imminent or ongoing hazards at field level that potentially affect food security of target populations. During the period under review, programme staff (as a routine) established contact with key representatives of Provincial and District Committee for Disaster Management (P/DCDM) or Provincial Department of Agriculture (PDA). A. Rainfalls/ Droughts/Climate patterns: Cambodia is under the influence of La Nina which impacts the global/ regional climate and disrupts normal weather patterns, which as a result can lead to intense storms in some places. Rainfalls appeared to be fair but sparsely a bit late in all provinces; the rainfalls sometimes are accompanied by mild and/or strong storms/ thunderstorms that cause concerns over human safety and house damage/ overturns. In addition, there is no any information on drought at this moment. There was a flush flood from upper part of Mondul Kiri province and it caused serious damage of a 70-m rural road and a wooden bridge located at Chruos Chrov Posal village, Kranhoung Senchey commune, Snuol District (Kratie province) on 12 August. This road leads the National Road No. 74 to Vietnam border. As results, the transport of agricultural produce and trade with Vietnam has been affected (Photo 1). This case has not affected WFP operation because WFP has no project in that area. Photo 1: Road and wooden bridge has been damaged by flush flood in Snuol district of Kratie province. B. Mekong Water Levels: Apart from rainfalls, flooding in Cambodia and especially in provinces covered by the Eastern Area Office is mainly caused by rising water levels of the Mekong River. The water levels along the Mekong Stations as reported daily by the Mekong River Commission MRC and extracted into Table 1 (from Stung Page 1/5 Treng to Neak Loeung) on 15 August 2016 show that: 1) they were far below the Alarm Levels, 2) they were falling if compared to the water levels on 15 August 2015, and 3) they kept raising if compared to 1 August 2016. The current water levels along the Mekong River have not caused any flooding damages to crop production yet. In addition, MRC forecasted that the water levels (see Table 2) will keep rising from 15 to 20 August 2016, but the water levels would stay below the Alarm Levels. Charts showing historical data of water levels and on 15 August 2016 is provided as on Table 3. Table 1: Brief update on Water Level (WL) in metre at 4 stations downstreams from the Laos border along the Mekong River covered by EAO (1-15 August 2016) WL 15- WL 1-year day Difference WL WL Difference N _ Station - - _ Alarm Flood o. 15Aug16 15Aug16 15Aug15 15Aug16 vs. vs. 15Aug15 1Aug16 1 Stung Treng 6.82 7.78 -0.96 +2.21 10.70 12.00 2 Kratie 15.70 17.86 -2.16 +3.95 22.00 23.00 3 Kampong Cham 9.70 12.05 -2.35 +2.80 15.20 16.20 4 Neak Loeung 3.69 5.06 -1.37 +0.85 7.50 8.00 Table 2: MRC Forecast at 4 stations downstreams from the Laos border along the Mekong River covered by EAO (16 to 20 August 2016) 24-hr Observ Zero Observed W. There is currently no flood ed gauge Flood level against Forecasted Water Level (m) warning in place at monitored LOCATION Rainfall above level zero gauge (m) sites on the Mekong (mm) M.S.L (m) (m) 14- 15- 16- 17- 18- 19- 20- 14-Aug 15 16 17 18 19 20 Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Stung Treng nr 36.790 12.00 6.81 6.82 6.81 6.88 7.00 7.15 7.30 Kratie 0.0 -1.101 23.00 15.20 15.70 15.93 15.90 16.01 16.23 16.50 Kampong Cham nr -0.930 16.20 9.17 9.70 9.98 10.10 10.15 10.24 10.41 Neak Luong nr -0.330 8.00 3.48 3.69 3.88 3.99 4.04 4.08 4.16 Page 2/5 Table 3: Charts illustrating historical water levels and on 15 August 2016 (recorded at specific stations) Page 3/5 C. Wet season rice cultivation for 2016: It is observed that the 2016 planned cultivated areas for the wet season rice have been reduced at amount of 92,684ha and 24,360 ha respectively at country level and provinces under EAO compared to the 2015’s plan. Table 4: Rice crops cultivation situation Area of wet season rice crops – Cumulative as of report date Wet Season Rice Cultivation Plan, ha Cultivated Area No. Province Report 2015 2016 Diff. ha % Date 1 2 3 (2 vs 1) 4 5 (4 vs 2) 1 Kampong Cham 87,300 86,540 - 760 75,851 87.67% 26-07-16 2 Kampong Thom 213,300 213,300 0 204,720 95.98% 02-08-16 3 Kratie 33,000 33,000 0 24,658 74.72% 02-08-16 4 Mondul Kiri 23,000 23,000 0 15,745 68.46% 01-08-16 5 Prey Veng 272,800 250,000 - 22,800 216,510 86.60% 02-08-16 6 Ratanak Kiri 26,100 26,200 + 100 17,958 68.54% 01-08-16 7 Stung Treng 27,900 27,800 - 100 20,350 73.20% 03-08-16 8 Svay Rieng 167,000 167,000 0 11,943 67.03% 02-08-16 9 Tboung Khmum 79,100 78,300 - 800 76,460 97.65% 13-08-16 EAO TOTAL 929,500 905,140 - 24,360 Cambodia 2,567,130 2,474,446 -92,684 TOTAL Even though the area of wet season rice cultivation is progressing well as shown in Table 4, but it has been largely represented by using direct-seeding cropping method. Page 4/5 Actually there are two popular rice-cropping methods: direct-seeding and transplanting. Each technique has its own advantages and disadvantages. Nowadays, farmers prefer direct-seeding over transplanting. The reasons are simply because it requires less manpower (which is currently becoming scarce at local areas because of out-migration) and it could be applied in dry or semi-dry condition (i.e., no need to wait for rain to come). In the meantime, MAFF / DOAs discover that the areas applying direct-seeding technique are facing a number of challenges such as limited water for survival, insufficient fertility, high density of rice stems, weed infestation, and susceptible to pests, and these factors may contribute to lowering the yield. For the agricultural experts, they express their opinion that pests are most likely related to the use of chemicals. The DOAs have been actively involved in undertaking vaccination for foot-and-mouth disease to cattle. The outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease in Peam Chileang commune, Tboung Khmum district (Tboung Khmum province) has now been contained. This is to note that the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries announced prohibition of fresh water catch from 1 June to 30 September because it is the period in which fish lay eggs and hatch their eggs. It appears that fresh water fish become scarce at the markets and it costs more expensive. Interviews/ Communication with relevant authorities and Key informants: Prey Veng: 1. Mr. Hul Chamroeun, Vice chief of Administration Provincial Hall; in charge of Disaster Management Tel: 092 640 207 & e-mail: [email protected] 2. Ms. Yim Uth, Deputy Director, Provincial Department of Agriculture Tel: 012 273 706 3. Mr. Y Kadum, - Official, Provincial Department of Agriculture Tel: 012 700 277 Svay Rieng: 1. Mr. Men Tha, Secretary of PCDM Tel: 016 597 944 or 097 894 0056 2. Mr. Bun Saborn, Tel: 097 09 7 76 36 325 & E-mail: [email protected] 3. Mr. Sam Savan, Chief of Agronomy Office, Tel: 077 771 800 4. Mr. Uch Saroeun, DCDM, Kampong Ro District Tel: 017 754 017 5. Mr. Mao Savuth, DCDM, Romeas Hek District Tel: 089 587 068 6. Mr. Tang Sarun, DCDM, Svay Chrum District Tel: 097 2898 106 7. Mr. Chheung Chay, DCDM, Chantrea District Tel: 088 4618 226 8. Mr. Yuk Sine, DCDM, Romduol District Tel: 097 7141 344 9. M. Men Saran, DCDM Svay Teab District Tel: 011 271 383 10. Mr. Sin Kim San, DCDM, Krong Svay Rieng Tel: 011 704 183 11. Mr. Yin Chanthy, DCDM Krong Bavet Tel: 097 691 71 23 Kampong Cham: 1. Mr. Han Kosal, Director of Administration, Tel: 012 446 856 & E-mail: [email protected] 2. Mr. Soliden Tel: 017 944 555 & E-mail: [email protected] 3. Mr. Kim Savoeun, Director of Provincial Department of Agriculture, Tel: 012 824 425 Tboung Khmum: 1. Mr. Chhin Chanty Tel: 012 825 567 & E-mail: [email protected] Page 5/5 Kampong Thom: 2. Mr. Im Saroeun, Secretary of PCDM, Tel: 012 899 093 & E-mail: [email protected] Stung Treng: 1. Mr. Khuon Kanhara Tel: 097 725 5525 & E-mail: [email protected] 2. Ms. Eng Sophea Tel: 012 919 288 & E-mail: [email protected] 3.
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