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Download?Doi=10.1.1.446.8608Andrep=Rep1andtype=Pdf Du Sol Du Burkina Faso
ORIGINAL RESEARCH published: 22 April 2021 doi: 10.3389/fsufs.2021.632624 Assessment of Livestock Water Productivity in Seno and Yatenga Provinces of Burkina Faso Tunde Adegoke Amole 1*, Adetayo Adekeye 1 and Augustine Abioye Ayantunde 2 1 International Livestock Research Institute, Ibadan, Nigeria, 2 International Livestock Research Institute, Dakar, Senegal The expected increase in livestock production to meet its increasing demand could lead to increased water depletion through feeds production. This study aimed at estimating the amount of water depletion through feeds and its corresponding productivity in livestock within the three dominant livestock management systems namely sedentary-intensive, sedentary-extensive, and transhumance in Yatenga and Seno provinces in the Sahelian zone of Burkina Faso. Using a participatory rapid appraisal and individual interview, beneficial animal products, and services were estimated, and consequently, livestock water productivity (LWP) as the ratio of livestock products and services to the amount of water depleted. Our results showed feed resources are mainly natural pasture and crop residues are common in all the management Edited by: Yaosheng Wang, systems though the proportion of each feed type in the feed basket and seasonal Chinese Academy of Agricultural preferences varied. Consequently, water depleted for feed production was similar across Sciences, China the systems in both provinces and ranged from 2,500 to 3,200 m−3 ha−1 yr−1. Values Reviewed by: Katrien Descheemaeker, for milk (40 US$US$/household) and flock offtake (313 US$/household) derived from Wageningen University and the transhumant system were higher (P < 0.05) than those from other systems in the Research, Netherlands Seno province. -
The Vegetation of Robinson Crusoe Island (Isla Masatierra), Juan
The Vegetation ofRobinson Crusoe Island (Isla Masatierra), Juan Fernandez Archipelago, Chile1 Josef Greimler,2,3 Patricio Lopez 5., 4 Tod F. Stuessy, 2and Thomas Dirnbiick5 Abstract: Robinson Crusoe Island of the Juan Fernandez Archipelago, as is the case with many oceanic islands, has experienced strong human disturbances through exploitation ofresources and introduction of alien biota. To understand these impacts and for purposes of diversity and resource management, an accu rate assessment of the composition and structure of plant communities was made. We analyzed the vegetation with 106 releves (vegetation records) and subsequent Twinspan ordination and produced a detailed colored map at 1: 30,000. The resultant map units are (1) endemic upper montane forest, (2) endemic lower montane forest, (3) Ugni molinae shrubland, (4) Rubus ulmifolius Aristotelia chilensis shrubland, (5) fern assemblages, (6) Libertia chilensis assem blage, (7) Acaena argentea assemblage, (8) native grassland, (9) weed assemblages, (10) tall ruderals, and (11) cultivated Eucalyptus, Cupressus, and Pinus. Mosaic patterns consisting of several communities are recognized as mixed units: (12) combined upper and lower montane endemic forest with aliens, (13) scattered native vegetation among rocks at higher elevations, (14) scattered grassland and weeds among rocks at lower elevations, and (15) grassland with Acaena argentea. Two categories are included that are not vegetation units: (16) rocks and eroded areas, and (17) settlement and airfield. Endemic forests at lower elevations and in drier zones of the island are under strong pressure from three woody species, Aristotelia chilensis, Rubus ulmifolius, and Ugni molinae. The latter invades native forests by ascending dry slopes and ridges. -
Role of Wild Leguminous Plants in Grasslands Management in Forest Ecosystem of Protected Areas of Madhya Pradesh State
Vol-6 Issue-2 2020 IJARIIE-ISSN(O)-2395-4396 Role of wild leguminous plants in grasslands management in forest ecosystem of Protected Areas of Madhya Pradesh State Muratkar G. D. , Kokate U. R G. D. Muratkar Department of Environmental Science , Arts , Science and Commerce college Chikhaldara , District Amravati 444807 U. R. Kokate Department of Botany , Arts , Science and Commerce college Chikhaldara , District Amravati 444807 ABSTRACT Grasslands in melghat forest are of annual , taller type with course grasses. The dominant grasses are Themeda quadrivalvis , Heteropogon contortus , Apluda mutica , Chloris barbata . The soil is murmi red with low water holding capacity , in some parts the soil diversity observed black , red soil with clay , silt , sand and loam. The grasses are annual and very few are perennials like Dicanthium annulatum , Dicanthium caricosum , Cynodon barberi , Bothrichloa bladhii. The palatability of th grasses depends upon the soil nutrients , chemicals. The soil in which the wild leguminous plants like Vigna trilobata , Phaseolus radiate , Glycine max , Rhyncosia minima shows the more distribution of wild leguminous plants the soil is with more nitrogenous content due to biological nitrogen fixation and the soil shows the effects on fodder value of the grasses. Keywords : Grasslands Protected Areas , palatable grasses , soil fertility , Wild leguminous plants Introduction Madhya Pradesh is one of those promising states in India.Whether it's Bandhavgarh or Kanha or Pench, each and every national park is far from the civilization and has a rustic charm of its own. Remarkable flora and fauna of these nine National Parks is matched by scenic landscapes along with the incredible diversity. -
SHARKARA - a REVIEW with MODERN and AYURVEDIC POINT of VIEW 1Dr Meenakshi Amrutkar 2Drashwini Deshmukh 3Dr Shardulchavan 1&2Reader, 3PG Scholar, Dept
REVIEW ARTICLE ISSN 2456-0170 SHARKARA - A REVIEW WITH MODERN AND AYURVEDIC POINT OF VIEW 1Dr Meenakshi Amrutkar 2DrAshwini Deshmukh 3Dr ShardulChavan 1&2Reader, 3PG Scholar, Dept. of Rasashastra & Bhaishajya Kalpana Y.M.T. Ayurvedic Medical College, Navi Mumbai ABSTRACT Sugar is a natural sweet substance produced by sugar cane plant and is one of the most valued as well as appreciated natural substance known to mankind since ancient times. Of all the natural foods rich in carbohydrates sugar is the most wholesome and delicious. The medicinal quality, taste, texture, color and aroma of sugar differs according to the geographical area and the species of plants from which it has been made. Sugar is called as sharkara in Ayurveda. Three types of sharkara are described in Ayurveda depending on their physical appearance and properties. Etymology, synonyms, varieties, method of collection, chemical constituents, properties, adulterants, chemical tests, and the usages ofJaggeryare gathered from text books, experienced Ayurvedic physicians and from internet.Sharkara usedto treatjwara, raktavikara, pittavikara, vatavikara. Sharkara is used in many Ayurvedicpreparations like gutivati i.e. tablets and also used as binding material. It is also used as prakshepakadravya in kwatha, used in churna, for preparation of asava and arishta it is a main mediator and also act as a preservative, hence sharkarakalpana (syrup) having more stability period. The present work aims at the review of sugar or sharkara explained in Ayurveda andbiomedical science. Keywords:Sugar, Sharkara, Ayurveda, Syrup, Prakshepakadravya INTRODUCTION For many centuries, sugar has been used Originally, people chewed raw sugarcane to in vital alternative medicine of Ayurveda extract its sweetness. -
A Preliminary Phytolith Reference Collection for the Mountains of Dhufar, Oman
The use of phytoliths as a proxy for distinguishing ecological communities: A preliminary phytolith reference collection for the mountains of Dhufar, Oman Undergraduate Research Thesis Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Graduation “with Honors Research Distinction in Evolution and Ecology” in the Undergraduate Colleges of The Ohio State University by Drew Arbogast The Ohio State University May 2019 Project Co-Advisors: Professor Ian Hamilton, Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology Professor Joy McCorriston, Department of Anthropology 2 Table of Contents Page List of Tables...................................................................................................................................3 List of Figures..................................................................................................................................4 Abstract............................................................................................................................................5 Introduction......................................................................................................................................6 Background......................................................................................................................................7 Materials and Methods...................................................................................................................11 Results............................................................................................................................................18 -
CATALOGUE of the GRASSES of CUBA by A. S. Hitchcock
CATALOGUE OF THE GRASSES OF CUBA By A. S. Hitchcock. INTRODUCTION. The following list of Cuban grasses is based primarily upon the collections at the Estaci6n Central Agron6mica de Cuba, situated at Santiago de las Vegas, a suburb of Habana. The herbarium includes the collections made by the members of the staff, particularly Mr. C. F. Baker, formerly head of the department of botany, and also the Sauvalle Herbarium deposited by the Habana Academy of Sciences, These specimens were examined by the writer during a short stay upon the island in the spring of 1906, and were later kindly loaned by the station authorities for a more critical study at Washington. The Sauvalle Herbarium contains a fairly complete set of the grasses col- lected by Charles Wright, the most important collection thus far obtained from Cuba. In addition to the collections at the Cuba Experiment Station, the National Herbarium furnished important material for study, including collections made by A. H. Curtiss, W. Palmer and J. H. Riley, A. Taylor (from the Isle of Pines), S. M. Tracy, Brother Leon (De la Salle College, Habana), and the writer. The earlier collections of Wright were sent to Grisebach for study. These were reported upon by Grisebach in his work entitled "Cata- logus Plant arum Cubensium," published in 1866, though preliminary reports appeared earlier in the two parts of Plantae Wrightianae. * During the spring of 1907 I had the opportunity of examining the grasses in the herbarium of Grisebach in Gottingen.6 In the present article I have, with few exceptions, accounted for the grasses listed by Grisebach in his catalogue of Cuban plants, and have appended a list of these with references to the pages in the body of this article upon which the species are considered. -
Notes on Identification Works and Difficult and Under-Recorded Taxa
Notes on identification works and difficult and under-recorded taxa P.A. Stroh, D.A. Pearman, F.J. Rumsey & K.J. Walker Contents Introduction 2 Identification works 3 Recording species, subspecies and hybrids for Atlas 2020 6 Notes on individual taxa 7 List of taxa 7 Widespread but under-recorded hybrids 31 Summary of recent name changes 33 Definition of Aggregates 39 1 Introduction The first edition of this guide (Preston, 1997) was based around the then newly published second edition of Stace (1997). Since then, a third edition (Stace, 2010) has been issued containing numerous taxonomic and nomenclatural changes as well as additions and exclusions to taxa listed in the second edition. Consequently, although the objective of this revised guide hast altered and much of the original text has been retained with only minor amendments, many new taxa have been included and there have been substantial alterations to the references listed. We are grateful to A.O. Chater and C.D. Preston for their comments on an earlier draft of these notes, and to the Biological Records Centre at the Centre for Ecology and Hydrology for organising and funding the printing of this booklet. PAS, DAP, FJR, KJW June 2015 Suggested citation: Stroh, P.A., Pearman, D.P., Rumsey, F.J & Walker, K.J. 2015. Notes on identification works and some difficult and under-recorded taxa. Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland, Bristol. Front cover: Euphrasia pseudokerneri © F.J. Rumsey. 2 Identification works The standard flora for the Atlas 2020 project is edition 3 of C.A. Stace's New Flora of the British Isles (Cambridge University Press, 2010), from now on simply referred to in this guide as Stae; all recorders are urged to obtain a copy of this, although we suspect that many will already have a well-thumbed volume. -
Modeling Gas Exchange and Biomass Production in West African Sahelian and Sudanian Ecological Zones
Geosci. Model Dev., 14, 3789–3812, 2021 https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-3789-2021 © Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Modeling gas exchange and biomass production in West African Sahelian and Sudanian ecological zones Jaber Rahimi1, Expedit Evariste Ago2,3, Augustine Ayantunde4, Sina Berger1,5, Jan Bogaert3, Klaus Butterbach-Bahl1,6, Bernard Cappelaere7, Jean-Martial Cohard8, Jérôme Demarty7, Abdoul Aziz Diouf9, Ulrike Falk10, Edwin Haas1, Pierre Hiernaux11,12, David Kraus1, Olivier Roupsard13,14,15, Clemens Scheer1, Amit Kumar Srivastava16, Torbern Tagesson17,18, and Rüdiger Grote1 1Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research, Atmospheric Environmental Research (IMK-IFU), Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany 2Laboratoire d’Ecologie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin 3Biodiversity and Landscape Unit, Université de Liège Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Gembloux, Belgium 4International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso 5Regional Climate and Hydrology Research Group, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany 6International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Nairobi, Kenya 7HydroSciences Montpellier, Université Montpellier, IRD, CNRS, Montpellier, France 8IRD, CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France 9Centre de Suivi Ecologique (CSE), Dakar, Senegal 10Satellite-based Climate Monitoring, Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD), Offenbach, Germany 11Géosciences Environnement Toulouse -
Biodiversity: the UK Overseas Territories. Peterborough, Joint Nature Conservation Committee
Biodiversity: the UK Overseas Territories Compiled by S. Oldfield Edited by D. Procter and L.V. Fleming ISBN: 1 86107 502 2 © Copyright Joint Nature Conservation Committee 1999 Illustrations and layout by Barry Larking Cover design Tracey Weeks Printed by CLE Citation. Procter, D., & Fleming, L.V., eds. 1999. Biodiversity: the UK Overseas Territories. Peterborough, Joint Nature Conservation Committee. Disclaimer: reference to legislation and convention texts in this document are correct to the best of our knowledge but must not be taken to infer definitive legal obligation. Cover photographs Front cover: Top right: Southern rockhopper penguin Eudyptes chrysocome chrysocome (Richard White/JNCC). The world’s largest concentrations of southern rockhopper penguin are found on the Falkland Islands. Centre left: Down Rope, Pitcairn Island, South Pacific (Deborah Procter/JNCC). The introduced rat population of Pitcairn Island has successfully been eradicated in a programme funded by the UK Government. Centre right: Male Anegada rock iguana Cyclura pinguis (Glen Gerber/FFI). The Anegada rock iguana has been the subject of a successful breeding and re-introduction programme funded by FCO and FFI in collaboration with the National Parks Trust of the British Virgin Islands. Back cover: Black-browed albatross Diomedea melanophris (Richard White/JNCC). Of the global breeding population of black-browed albatross, 80 % is found on the Falkland Islands and 10% on South Georgia. Background image on front and back cover: Shoal of fish (Charles Sheppard/Warwick -
Arundinelleae; Panicoideae; Poaceae)
Bothalia 19, 1:45-52(1989) Kranz distinctive cells in the culm of ArundineUa (Arundinelleae; Panicoideae; Poaceae) EVANGELINA SANCHEZ*, MIRTA O. ARRIAGA* and ROGER P. ELLIS** Keywords: anatomy, Arundinella, C4, culm, distinctive cells, double bundle sheath, NADP-me ABSTRACT The transectional anatomy of photosynthetic flowering culms of Arundinella berteroniana (Schult.) Hitchc. & Chase and A. hispida (Willd.) Kuntze from South America and A. nepalensis Trin. from Africa is described and illustrated. The vascular bundles are arranged in three distinct rings, the outermost being external to a continuous sclerenchymatous band. Each of these peripheral bundles is surrounded by two bundle sheaths, a complete mestome sheath and an incomplete, outer, parenchymatous Kranz sheath, the cells of which contain large, specialized chloroplasts. Kranz bundle sheath extensions are also present. The chlorenchyma tissue is also located in this narrow peripheral zone and is interrupted by the vascular bundles and their associated sclerenchyma. Dispersed throughout the chlorenchyma are small groups of Kranz distinctive cells, identical in structure to the outer bundle sheath cells. No chlorenchyma cell is. therefore, more than two cells distant from a Kranz cell. The structure of the chlorenchyma and bundle sheaths indicates that the C4 photosynthetic pathway is operative in these culms. This study clearly demonstrates the presence of the peculiar distinctive cells in the culms as well as in the leaves of Arundinella. Also of interest is the presence of an inner bundle sheath in the vascular bundles of the culm whereas the bundles of the leaves possess only a single sheath. It has already been shown that Arundinella is a NADP-me C4 type and the anatomical predictor of a single Kranz sheath for NADP-me species, therefore, either does not hold in the culms of this genus or the culms are not NADP-me. -
Notes from Grasses Workshop
NATIVE GRASSES OF THE MELBOURNE AREA WORKSHOP AT BRIMBANK PARK March 25, 1988 For the Melbourne and Metropolitan Board of Works By Paget and Shim m en Bushland Seeds (14 Seascape Close, FTG 3156. PH:758.5416) INTRODUCTION: Native Grasses covers a wide range of grass species, of wkich there are . species suital~le for a variety of uses, induding erosion control, lawns, parklands, coastal sand dune stabilization, and low fire-hazard plantings. Most grasslands in Victoria are now exotic pastures, co m posed of grasses which have been bred for high l~iomass product5on so they produce Large a mounts of feed for stock, and these grasses are usually winter-growing and die-back severely over sum m er. These sa m e grasses do not necessarily have the rn ost desired characteristics for those orher uses. In lawns, for example, high biomass production means regular mowing, and growing in winter m cans they browning off during summer. Many of our native grasses are not as vigorous and grow over sum mcr, so do not grow so fast as to require constant mowing, and do not brown off over summer. ATTRIBUTES: The above introduction is a broad generalization, and it is important Lo study the charactemcs of each grass species to determine both its suitabtkity for any use, and the manage rn cnt it: requires. The most important attribute to contider is that of the grass's growth period. The table below ouflines the growth periods of the major native grass species: COMMON NAME BOTANICAL NAME GROWS COMMON WHEAT-GRASS A gropyron scabru m Winter COMMON BLOWN GRASS -
Distribution and Diversity of Grass Species in Banni Grassland, Kachchh District, Gujarat, India
Patel Yatin et al. IJSRR 2012, 1(1), 43-56 Research article Available online www.ijsrr.org ISSN: 2279-0543 International Journal of Scientific Research and Reviews Distribution and Diversity of Grass Species in Banni Grassland, Kachchh District, Gujarat, India 1* 2 3 Patel Yatin , Dabgar YB , and Joshi PN 1Shri Jagdish Prasad Jhabarmal Tibrewala University, Jhunjhunu, Rajasthan 2R.R. Mehta Colg. of Sci. and C.L. Parikh College of Commerce, Palanpur, Banaskantha, Gujarat. 3Sahjeevan, 175-Jalaram Society, Vijay Nagar, Bhuj- Kachchh, Gujarat ABSTRACT: Banni, an internationally recognized unique grassland stretch of Western India. It is a predominantly flat land with several shallow depressions, which act as seasonal wetlands after monsoon and during winter its converts into sedge mixed grassland, an ideal dual ecosystem. An attempt was made to document ecology, biomass and community based assessment of grasses in Banni, we surveyed systematically and recorded a total of 49 herbaceous plant species, being used as fodder by livestock. In which, the maximum numbers of species (21 Nos.) were recorded in Echinocloa and Cressa habitat; followed by Sporobolus and Elussine habitat (20 species); and Desmostechia-Aeluropus and Cressa habiat (19 species). A total of 21 highest palatable species were recorded in Echinocloa-Cressa communities followed by Sporobolus-Elussine–Desmostechia (20 species and 18 palatable species) and Aeluropus–Cressa (19 species and 17 palatable species). For long-term conservation of Banni grassland, we also suggest a participatory co-management plan. KEY WORDS: Banni, Grassland, Palatability, Communities, Conservation. *Corresponding Author: Yatin Patel Research Scholar, Shri Jagdish Prasad Jhabarmal Tibrewala University, Jhunjhunu, Rajasthan E-mail: [email protected] IJSRR 1(1) APRIL-JUNE 2012 Page 43 Patel Yatin et al.