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(1974) Isles of the Pacific
ISLES OF THE PACIFIC- I The Coming of the Polynesians By KENNETH P. EMORY, Ph.D. HE ISLES of the South Seas bathed in warm sunlight in the midst of the vast Pacific-were Tsurprise enough to their European discoverers. But more astonishingly, they were inhabited! And the tall, soft featured, lightly clad people who greet ed the Europeans possessed graces they could only admire, and skills at which they could but wonder. How had these brown-skinned peo ple reached the many far-flung islands of Polynesia? When? And whence had they come? The mystery lingered for centuries. Not until 1920-the year I joined the staff of the Bernice P. Bishop Museum in Honolulu-was a concerted search for answers launched, with the First Pan-Pacific Scientific Conference, held in the Hawaiian capital. In subsequent years scientists fanned out over the Pacific to salvage whatever knowledge of their past the Polynesians retained. The field was vast, for Polynesia sprawls in a huge triangle, from Hawaii in the north to Easter Island in the southeast to New Zealand in the southwest. I have taken part in many of these expe Nomads of the wind, shipmates drop sail ditions from Mangareva to outlying Ka as they approach Satawal in the central pingamarangi, some 5,000 miles away Carolines. The past of their seafaring and beyond the Polynesian Triangle. ancestors, long clouded by mystery and After the Tenth Pacific Science Con gress in 1961, scientists from New 732 NICHOLAS DEVORE Ill legend, now comes dramatically to light author, dean of Polynesian archeologists, after more than half a century of research. -
Supplemental Readings for Archaeology Southwest Magazine Vol
Supplemental Readings for Archaeology Southwest Magazine Vol. 29, No. 1 COMPILED BY LEWIS BORCK Bahti, Thomas N. 1949 A Largo-Gallina Pit House and Two Surface Structures. El Palacio 56, no. 2: 52–59. Bain, James, Brian Blanchard, Bruce Campbell, Jr. Sinclair Hatch, John Hayden, Mary Lu Moore, Cheryl Muceus, et al. 1993 The Teacher, the Ghosts and the Snake: Preliminary Results of Eight Field Seasons at Rattlesnake Ridge. Manuscript on file at the Ghost Ranch Museum. Blumenthal, E. H. 1940 An Introduction to Gallina Archaeology. New Mexico Anthropologist 4, no. 1: 10–13. Borck, Lewis 2012 Patterns of Resistance: Violence, Migration, and Trade in the Gallina Heartland. Master’s Thesis, University of Arizona. In press They Sought a Country: Gallina Resistance and Identity in the New Mexican Highlands. Social Identity in Frontier and Borderland Communities of the North American Southwest, edited by Karen G. Harry and Sarah Herr. Boulder: University Press of Colorado. Bremer, J. Michael 2013 The Big Picture: Eleventh to Thirteenth Century Gallina Phase Archaeology in Northern New Mexico Along the Continental Divide. From Mountain Top to Valley Bottom: Understanding Past Land Use in the Northern Rio Grande Valley, New Mexico, edited by Bradley J. Vierra. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press. Brugge, David M. 1983 Navajo Prehistory and History to 1850. Handbook of North American Indians, 489–501. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. Ceram, C. W. 1971 Towers of Silence. The First American, 272–78. Constan, Connie 2011 Ceramic Resource Selection and Social Violence in the Gallina Area of the American Southwest. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of New Mexico. -
12. an Outline of Easter Island Archreology
12. An Outline ofEaster Island Archreology CARLYLE S. SMITH [Revision of original paper presented at Ioth Pacific Science Congress, Honolulu, Hawaii] This presentation is based upon the findings of the Norwegian Archreological Expedition to Easter Island and the East Pacific. For further details see Archceology of Easter Island: Reports of the Norwegian Archreological Expedition to Easter Island and the East Pacific, Vol. I, (Monographs ofthe School ofAmerican Research and Museum of New Mexico, 24, Part I) edited by Thor Heyerdahl and Edwin N. Ferdon Jr, with William Mulloy, Arne Skjolsvold and Carlyle S. Smith. The archreology of Easter Island may be divided into three periods: Early, Middle, and Late. Alternate designations are Ahu Moroki, Ahu Moai, and Huri Moai. The periods are based upon stratigraphy of image ahu and habitation sites, a study of the quarries at Rano Raraku, radio-carbon dates, seriation, and cor relation of legends with archreological facts. EARLY PERIOD Time span: From before 400 to about 1100 A.D. Ceremonial architecture: The ahu with carefully fitted masonry (ahu moroki), with sloping landward ramp, with or without wings, associated with a court enclosed by earth embankments or in the form of a leveled area. Two varieties of masonry: (I) Slabs with long axes horizontal. Irregularities filled with triangular or loaf shaped stones. Outer surfaces smoothed to convex form. (2) Slabs with long axes vertical. Not squared at the top. Irregularities at the tops filled with fitted stones. Structures oriented frequently in relation to solstice or equinox. Burial cists absent in ahu. Crematory areas may belong to this period. -
Spatial Analysis of the Ghost Cave (24YL2) Archaeological Assemblage
University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers Graduate School 1988 Spatial analysis of the Ghost Cave (24YL2) archaeological assemblage David Charles Schwab The University of Montana Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Schwab, David Charles, "Spatial analysis of the Ghost Cave (24YL2) archaeological assemblage" (1988). Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers. 3630. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/3630 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. COPYRIGHT ACT OF 1976 THIS IS AN UNPUBLISHED MANUSCRIPT IN WHICH COPYRIGHT SUBSISTS, ANY FURTHER REPRINTING OF ITS CONTENTS MUST BE APPROVED BY THE AUTHOR. MANSFIELD LIBRARY UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA DATE: 19 87 A SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF THE GHOST CAVE (24YL2) ARCHAEOLOGICAL ASSEMBLAGE By David Charles Schwab B.A., University of Montana, 1981 Presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts University of Montana 1987 Approved by YA:.C, t Chairman,"Board atExaminers Dean, Graduate School /, •/ Date UMI Number: EP36405 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. -
Hagen Site, 24DW1| a Review of Historical Data and a Reassessment of Its Ceramic Assemblage and Position in Northern Plains Prehistory
University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers Graduate School 1996 Hagen site, 24DW1| A review of historical data and a reassessment of its ceramic assemblage and position in Northern Plains prehistory W. Jeffrey Kinney The University of Montana Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Kinney, W. Jeffrey, "Hagen site, 24DW1| A review of historical data and a reassessment of its ceramic assemblage and position in Northern Plains prehistory" (1996). Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers. 2503. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/2503 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Maureen and Mike MANSFIELD LIBRARY Tlie University ofM[ONTANA Permission is granted by the author to reproduce tliis material in its entirety, provided that this material is used for scholarly purposes and is properly cited in published works and reports. *« Please check "Yes'* or "No" and provide signature ** Yes, 1 grant permission No, I do not grant permission Author's Signaturei g n a t u r e ^ ^ Date / A Any copying for commercial purposes or financial gain may be undertaken only with the author's explicit consent. THE HAGEN SITE, 24DW1: A REVIEW OF HISTORICAL DATA AND A REASSESSMENT OF ITS CERAMIC ASSEMBLAGE AND POSITION IN NORTHERN PLAINS PREHISTORY. -
Building Diachronic and Lasting Relationships with the Local Rapa Nui (Easter Island) Community
20 CONDUCTING RESPONSIBLE AND ETHICAL ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH ON EASTER ISLAND: BUILDING DIACHRONIC AND LASTING RELATIONSHIPS WITH THE LOCAL RAPA NUI (EASTER ISLAND) COMMUNITY. Dale F. Simpson Jr. Adjunct Faculty, Anthropology, College Of DuPage, School Of Social Science, University Of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Rapa Nui Geochemical Project Figure 1. a: Tree planting on Poike in 2014; b: AMD pollution clean–up in 2017; c: Manu Iri field trip to ʻAnakena to clean–up AMD in 2017; d: Manu Iri field trip to a basalt quarrying site in Pu Tokitoki in 2016; e: Geoarchaeological documentation of a basalt mine on the southwest coast in 2014 (All photos courtesy of the RNGP). Rapa Nui (RN) has been the focus of countless scientific studies, which have investigated the famous ahu (platform), moai (statue), pukao (topknot), and almost millennium–long Polynesian culture1–4. Since 2001, I have had the honor and the responsibility to carry out ethical anthropological research on Easter Island5. This long–term relationship between the Rapa Nui community and myself has been actively fostered through the creation of social rapport, 21 bolstered by: 1) environmental activism; 2) educational outreach; and 3) academic research, presentation, and publication. 1) While RN faces many environmental problems, two of recent focus points include the island’s deforestation and anthropogenic marine debris (AMD) pollution. To deal with the former, many initiatives have been conducted around the island, especially on Poike, where the islanders, multiple Chilean and local agencies, and even tourists have participated in tree planting campaigns (Figure 1a). This, in turn, has led to the reforestation of many parts of the island. -
Rapa Nui Notes 2#1 Spring 1988
Rapa Nui Journal: Journal of the Easter Island Foundation Volume 2 Article 1 Issue 1 Rapa Nui Notes Spring 1988 1988 Rapa Nui Notes 2#1 Spring 1988 Follow this and additional works at: https://kahualike.manoa.hawaii.edu/rnj Part of the History of the Pacific slI ands Commons, and the Pacific slI ands Languages and Societies Commons Recommended Citation (1988) "Rapa Nui Notes 2#1 Spring 1988," Rapa Nui Journal: Journal of the Easter Island Foundation: Vol. 2 : Iss. 1 , Article 1. Available at: https://kahualike.manoa.hawaii.edu/rnj/vol2/iss1/1 This Research Report is brought to you for free and open access by the University of Hawai`i Press at Kahualike. It has been accepted for inclusion in Rapa Nui Journal: Journal of the Easter Island Foundation by an authorized editor of Kahualike. For more information, please contact [email protected]. et al.: Rapa Nui Notes 2#1 Spring 1988 the premier source for cu"enf Easter Island events and scientific studies . .... Rap" Nai Notes Bill Mulloy Se VA, Se Va La Lancha A Rememberonce Recuerdos de Ropo Nui Patrick C. McCoy Emily Ross Mulloy Se va, se va la lancha 1\111 THE REMEMBRANCE OF BILL MULLOY, who died ten years ago at the age of 61, stirs a lot of Se va la 'Christian Bjelland' memories. A short obituary article that I En esta lancha que cruz el mar wrote for the Journal of the Polynesian Society Se va tambien mi amor. (1979, Vo1.88 (4); pp.373-374) helped to clear -From a song popular on Rapa Nui in 1%0 my mind of the weight of bereaving a man ~ IN EARLIER DAYS, whentravel to and from Rapa so admired. -
Geoarchaeology of the Burntwood Creek Rockshelter (14Rw418), Northwest Kansas
GEOARCHAEOLOGY OF THE BURNTWOOD CREEK ROCKSHELTER (14RW418), NORTHWEST KANSAS BY © 2008 Laura Renee Murphy Submitted to the graduate degree program in Anthropology and the Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Kansas In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master’s of Arts ______________________________ Chairperson: Dr. Rolfe D. Mandel, Anthropology Committee Members: ______________________________ Dr. Jack Hofman, Anthropology ______________________________ Dr. Steven Bozarth, Geography Date Defended_____________________________ 1454277 Copyright 2008 by Murphy, Laura Renee All rights reserved 1454277 2008 The Thesis Committee for Laura Renee Murphy certifies That this is the approved Version of the following thesis: GEOARCHAEOLOGY OF THE BURNTWOOD CREEK ROCKSHELTER (14RW418), NORTHWEST KANSAS Committee: ______________________________ Chairperson: Dr. Rolfe D. Mandel, Anthropology Committee Members: ______________________________ Dr. Jack Hofman, Anthropology ______________________________ Dr. Steven Bozarth, Geography Date approved ______________________________ ii ABSTRACT The Burntwood Creek rockshelter (14RW418) in northwestern Kansas is a large, amphitheater-shaped alcove formed in the Ogallala Formation, a late Miocene/Pliocene-age lithostratigraphic unit underlying the High Plains surface. The processes of rockshelter formation are ascertained through (1) description of the soils and sediments, (2) analysis of the geometry of sedimentary units, (3) grain-size analysis, and (4) thin-section analysis of a carbonate mass. Stable carbon isotope and phytolith data are used to reconstruct late-Quaternary paleoenvironments, and to explore prehistoric Native American subsistence strategies. Results indicate the rockshelter formed by groundwater sapping, and that a complex plant community existed in or around the rockshelter and changed in composition during the late Holocene. Archaeological excavations exposed a 3 m-thick package of late- Quaternary alluvial and colluvial deposits in front of the shelter. -
Intrasite Spatial Analysis of the Eaglenest Portage Site
Advancing Boreal Forest Archaeology: Intrasite Spatial Analysis of the Eaglenest Portage Site A Thesis Submitted to the College of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts in the Department of Archaeology and Anthropology University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon By Matthew Rawluk © Copyright, Matthew Rawluk, March 2019. All Rights Reserved PERMISSION TO USE In presenting this thesis in partial fulfilment of the requirements for a Postgraduate degree from the University of Saskatchewan, I agree that the Libraries of this University may make it freely available for inspection. I further agree that permission for copying of this thesis in any manner, in whole or in part, for scholarly purposes may be granted by the professor or professors who supervised my thesis work or, in their absence, by the Head of the Department or the Dean of the College in which my thesis work was done. It is understood that any copying, publication, or use of this thesis or parts thereof for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. It is also understood that due recognition shall be given to me and to the University of Saskatchewan in any scholarly use which may be made of any material in my thesis. Requests for permission to copy or to make other use of material in this thesis in whole or part should be addressed to: Head of the Department of Archaeology and Anthropology 55 Campus Drive University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B1 OR Dean College of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies University of Saskatchewan 116 Thorvaldson Building, 110 Science Place Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5C9 Canada i ABSTRACT This thesis presents the results of an intrasite spatial analysis study of an archaeological assemblage from the Eaglenest Portage site in the Birch Mountains of northern Alberta. -
Saving the Moai by Chris Hardman (Pdf)
saving the saving by Chris Hardman he giant stone heads on the island of Rapa Nui (Easter Island), Chile, have captured the imagination of Tcountless explorers, dreamers, and scientists. Hundreds of monoliths Scientists are working to of solid volcanic rock provide indestruc- tible evidence of man’s mastery over his environment. They hint at great feats of reconstruct and restore the engineering and the ingenuity of men. Up close, the statues show their vulnerabili- ty. Their sharp features have eroded, massive monoliths of Easter Island in effort to growths invade their surface, and many lie in piles of rubble. A combination of natural and human preserve these world monuments forces threatens the statues, which are called moai in the native Rapa Nui lan- guage. To combat these forces and save the moai, teams of native and interna- tional scientists are working on recon- struction and restoration projects. AMÉRICAS 7 At 400 to 1,000 years-old the moai are attraction to the heads. Archaeologists One of the first scientists to realize the young compared to other archaeological estimate that between 1100–1500 AD While nature has been hard on the moai, archaeological and cultural significance monuments in the Americas, but the very islanders meticulously carved approxi- of the site was University of Wyoming properties of the stone that make them mately 900 statues and their accompany- Professor William Mulloy, who tirelessly ideal for carving also make them suscep- ing stone platforms from the island’s soft man has been even harder. campaigned UNESCO for support to tible to rapid deterioration. -
A Case of Mistaken Identity: Shield Bearing Warriors on the Northwestern Plains
A Case of Mistaken Identity: Shield Bearing Warriors On the Northwestern Plains David Moyer Office of the State Archaeologist University of Iowa Iowa City, IA 52240 [email protected] Paper presented at the 51st Annual Northwest Anthropological Conference, Missoula, Montana, April 17, 1999 ABSTRACT Archaeologists have debated the ethnic or tribal affiliation of the shield bearing warrior rock art motif since the 1950s. Much of the discussion has occurred independently of the development of anthropological ethnicity theory. This paper reviews the approaches employed by various scholars in assigning affiliations to these figures and examines the content of rock art through generally held anthropological views regarding the nature of ethnic identity. Shield bearing warriors are a distinctive rock art motif which depict an individual carrying or hiding behind a large circular shield which obscures the majority of their body. Often the head and feet are exposed and hands and weapons are occasionally depicted. In many cases the figures wear horned headdresses, probably representative of bison hunting. Another possibly related rock art motif include circular designs thought to represent shields but which do not show an individual. These designs are thought to be much more common in Wyoming rather than in Alberta or Montana. Occasionally, these shields are later retouched and a figure is depicted behind the shield to create a shield bearing warrior. Shield bearing warriors demonstrate a variety of techniques in their manufacture, including pecked, incised and painted forms. Occasionally, combinations of techniques are used. These figures are widely distributed throughout Western North American and extend from Alberta south into New Mexico and Texas and from western Nevada to central Kansas (Figure 1). -
Toward a History of Plains Archeology
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Great Plains Quarterly Great Plains Studies, Center for Winter 1981 Toward A History Of Plains Archeology Waldo R. Wedel Smithsonian Institution Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/greatplainsquarterly Part of the Other International and Area Studies Commons Wedel, Waldo R., "Toward A History Of Plains Archeology" (1981). Great Plains Quarterly. 1919. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/greatplainsquarterly/1919 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Great Plains Studies, Center for at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Great Plains Quarterly by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. TOWARD A HISTORY OF PLAINS ARCHEOLOGY WALDO R. WEDEL First viewed by white men in 1541, the North the main areas of white settlement, the native American Great Plains remained little known peoples of the plains retained their tribal iden and largely misunderstood for nearly three tities and often colorfullifeways long after the centuries. The newcomers from Europe were entry of Euroamericans. Since early in the impressed by the seemingly endless grasslands, nineteenth century, following acquisition of the the countless wild cattle, and the picturesque Louisiana territory by the United States, perti tent-dwelling native people who followed the nent observations by such persons as Meri herds, subsisting on the bison and dragging their wether Lewis, William Clark, Zebulon M. Pike, possessions about on dogs. Neither these Stephen H. Long, George Catlin, Prince Maxi Indians nor the grasslands nor their fauna had milian of Wied-Neuwied, and a host of others any counterparts in the previous experience of less well known, have left a wealth of ethno the Spaniards.