Leonardo Da Vinci Society Newsletter, Emeritus Professor Francis Ames-Lewis, 52, Prebend Gardens, London W6 0XU; Tel
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Leonardo da Vinci Society Newsletter editor: Francis Ames-Lewis Issue 30, May 2008 Recent and forthcoming events The Annual General Meeting and Annual Lecture, 2008. The Society’s Annual General Meeting was held The three-dimensional diagrams to show on Friday 9 May 2008 at 5.30 pm, in the Kenneth possible interpretations of the perspective scheme Clark Lecture Theatre at the Courtauld Institute of of the Last Supper (again from the 1989 Art, Somerset House, and was followed by the exhibition) hinted at the usefulness of this kind of Annual Lecture at 6.00 pm. We are as ever very thing for research. At this point Dr Criminisi grateful to the Courtauld Institute for their stepped in to explain his Computer Vision (CV) generous hospitality of this event. This year’s program, which was originally designed to give Annual Lecture was given jointly by Dr Antonio possible three-dimensional interpretations of Criminisi (Microsoft Research Ltd, Cambridge, photographs, but can also be used on works of art. UK) and Professor Martin Kemp (University of The program works by modelling the projective Oxford) on ‘The Appliance of Science: computer relationship between points in the 2-D image and vision and the analysis of space in Italian and those in the 3-D object that is represented in the Netherlandish paintings’. picture. It handles coordinates of points and Dr J.V. Field writes: The speakers took makes no assumptions whatsoever about turns, each discussing the parts in which he was regularities without explicit sanction from the the expert. The result was a lively account of a user. There are none of the built-in assumptions of lively and fruitful cooperation. regularity that vitiate results from Computer We began with Prof Kemp, whose subject Aided Design (CAD) programs. The CV program was wider than is implied by the title, including duly found all the non-conformities to discussion of the uses of computer animations in mathematical exactness that scholars laboriously exhibitions. We started with examples from the working by hand had found in such famous Leonardo da Vinci exhibition held at the Hayward examples of perspective as Piero della Gallery (London) in 1989. The graphics for this, Francesca’s Flagellation of Christ and Masaccio’s designed by Prof Philip Steadman, showed a Trinity fresco. stately ballet of polyhedra, advancing, turning and We then turned to Jan van Eyck’s retreating as they underwent the processes of Arnolfini Double Portrait (1434, National truncation, together with studies of the fall of light Gallery, London) and Robert Campin’s St. John and a series of architectural plans that blossomed the Baptist with a Donor (from the Heinrich von into buildings topped with cupolas. These were Werl triptych, 1438, Museo del Prado, Madrid). In purely illustrative, as were some similar these pictures, the CV program did something that animations of mathematical solids from the could not be done by hand methods: it worked out Leonardo exhibition at the Victoria & Albert what should have been seen in the convex mirrors Museum in 2006, from which we also saw that, in both pictures, show us the scene from animations made from Leonardo’s sets of behind (considering a variety of shapes for the drawings of a running man and a man wielding a mirrors). The results were that the scenes as hammer. In this last case, the vividness of the shown in the mirrors were astonishingly close to animation was testimony to the exactness of what one would have seen had the scene been Leonardo’s observation. real. To calculate such images would have been immensely tedious – and why should the painter have bothered? – so it seems we have evidence the fact that in recent years they have devoted that van Eyck and Campin actually set up the increasing attention to the technical and scientific scenes they were to paint. As Prof Kemp said, this culture of the Renaissance period, resulting in a is no longer a fashionable opinion. So a most number of in-depth studies of prominent figures enjoyable lecture left us with plenty to think like Francesco di Giorgio Martini, Luca Pacioli, about. Benvenuto Cellini and Niccolò Tartaglia. It would be useful to do something similar for Leonardo, For further information on Computer Vision see: embarking on a systematic investigation of the Antonio Criminisi, ‘Accurate Visual Metrology various components of his language (graphic from Single and Multiple Uncalibrated Images’, signs, phonomorphology, syntax, vocabulary) and Distinguished Dissertation Series, London: making use of the tools offered by an up-to-date Springer-Verlag, 2001. linguistic bibliography, which permit a specific assessment of individual traits from a structural point of view and in relation to registers and A Symposium on ‘Art and Science in the variety of use. Italian Renaissance: The animal world’ Furthermore, it is evident that investigations of this kind can benefit hugely from new The Society’s autumn 2008 symposium will be computer technologies, available both in the field held on Friday 7 November, from 10.00 am to of Leonardo studies and in that of linguistics. Any 6.00 pm, in the Basement Lecture Theatre at 43 examination of Leonardo’s language will of Gordon Square, London WC1 (Birkbeck, course have to include careful consideration of the University of London). It is another in the very particular typology of Leonardo’s texts, occasional series on ‘Art and Science in the which are inextricably bound up with their Italian Renaissance’, this time considering the material form, namely the manuscript, and are animal world. At the time of going to press, the distinguished by a symbiotic relationship between programme is not yet complete; but the text and drawing. Nor can it be ignored that the symposium will be introduced by Vivian Nutton, mass of texts produced by Leonardo and written and will include papers on Leonardo’s drawings in a typical mercantile script cover a vast range of of the horse (Martin Kemp) and on his work on situations, communicative models and degrees of the flight of birds (Juliana Barone), and on formality: besides various forms of notes on research on animals by William Harvey (Andrew technical-scientific matters, there is a gamut of Gregory), by Athanasius Kircher (J.V. Field) and, genres including letters and personal reflections, it is hoped, by Fabricius ab Acquapendente stories and witty remarks, prophecies and fantastic (Maurizio Rippa-Bonati). visions, grammatical exercises and word lists, poetic citations and translated passages, notes of expenses, inventories and so forth. The lines of Leonardesque news enquiry that were briefly explored in the lecture focused on and threw up ideas regarding the use The Lettura Vinciana 2008 of graphic signs, phonomorphological structure, textual-syntactic organization and vocabulary. The forty-eighth Lettura Vinciana was delivered The texts examined were from the Codex at Vinci on Saturday 12 April 2008 by Paola Atlanticus and the Codex Madrid, in other words Manni (University of Florence). Her title was from the corpus of manuscripts that can already ‘Percorso nella lingua di Lenardo: grafie, forme, be consulted on the web via the digital archive e- parole’ (Exploring the language of Leonardo: Leo (www.leonardodigitale.com), which is greatly graphic signs, forms, words). Leonardo’s use of facilitating the work of linguists. language has been studied by generations of scholars in their efforts to interpret or edit his mass of writings, and an invaluable body of notes, observations and comments has been produced. However, not many contributions have been forthcoming from historians of language, despite The Leonardo da Vinci Society Page 2 Registered Charity 1012878 A Conference on ‘Building up Europe: Turin, from September 28 to November 9, 2008. Leonardo da Vinci and Heinrich Schickhardt. The exhibition will bring to the U.S. the On the circulation of technics in premodern unprecedented loan from Turin of eleven Europe’ (‘Europe Bauen: Leonardo da Vinci und drawings and the celebrated Codex on the Flight Heinrich Schickhardt. Zum Transfer technischen of Birds. The drawings have never before Wissens im vormodernen Europa’) travelled as a group outside of Italy. They include the celebrated metalpoint sketch of a young girl, a This conference was held in Stuttgart and preparatory drawing for the angel in the Virgin of Herrenberg on 29-30 May 2008, in conjunction the Rocks; a sheet of figure sketches for the Battle with the exhibition at the Hauptstaatarchiv of Anghiari; a proportion study for the head and Stuttgart entitled Zwischen Vision und eyes; and several equine sketches, among others. Verwirklichung. Leonardo da Vinci, Heinrich To accompany the exhibition, the Birmingham Schickhardt und die Technik ihrer Zeit (27 March Museum of Art will publish a fully illustrated to 4 July 2008). Papers included: ‘Drawing mills, catalogue. In addition to entries on each work, the pumps and other machines from Di Giorgio and catalogue will include essays by leading scholars, Leonardo to Heinrich Schickhardt. Some case Martin Kemp, Carmen Bambach, and the studies’ (Dr Romano Nanni, Vinci), ‘The ornithologist Richard Prum. Birmingham will also “database machine drawings” as a new possibility host a mini-symposium on Saturday 27 September to analyse and contextualize Heinrich 2008 entitled Leonardo: Imagination, Inspiration, Schickhardt’s technical drawings’ (Dr Marcus and Invention. Speakers will be David Alan Popplow, Berlin), ‘Leonardo da Vinci and shared Brown, Curator of Italian