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Phytoseiid Mites (Acari: Mesostigmata) from Tunisia: Catalogue, Biogeography, and Key for Identification

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Phytoseiid Mites (Acari: Mesostigmata) from Tunisia: Catalogue, Biogeography, and Key for Identification Phytoseiid Mites (Acari: Mesostigmata) from Tunisia: Catalogue, Biogeography, and Key for Identification Serge Kreiter and Marie-Stéphane Tixier, Montpellier SupAgro, UMR CBGP (CIRAD/INRA/IRD/SupAgro), Campus International de Baillarguet, CS 30016, 34988 Montferrier-sur-Lez cedex, France, Hajer Sahraoui, Kaouthar Lebdi- Grissa, and Samah Ben Chabaan, Institut National Agronomique de Tunisie, Département de Protection des Plantes et Maladies Post-Récoltes, Laboratoire d'Entomologie-Acarologie, 43 Avenue Charles Nicolle, 1082 Tunis, Université de 7 Novembre à Carthage, Tunisia, Amel Chatti, Institut de l’Olivier, Unité de Recherche Protection des Plantes Cultivées et Environnement, BP 1087, 3000 Sfax, Université de Sfax, Tunisia, Brahim Chermiti, Institut Supérieur Agronomique de Chott-Mariem, Département de Protection des Plantes, Laboratoire de Zoologie Agricole, 4042 Sousse, Université de Sousse, Tunisia, Othman Khoualdia, Centre Régional de Recherche en Agriculture Oasienne de Déguèche, Tozeur, Université de Gafsa, Tunisia, and Mohieddine Ksantini, Institut de l’Olivier, Unité de Recherche Protection des Plantes Cultivées et Environnement, BP 1087, 3000 Sfax, Université de Sfax, Tunisia __________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT Kreiter, S., Tixier, M.-S., Sahraoui, H., Lebdi-Grissa, K., Ben Chabaan, S., Chatti, A., Chermiti, B., Khoualdia, O., and Ksantini, M. 2010. Phytoseiid mites (Acari: Mesostigmata) from Tunisia: Catalogue, biogeography, and key for identification. Tunisian Journal of Plant Protection 5: 151- 178. The authors give a report on results of several surveys carried out to collect Phytoseiid mites, between 1994 and 2008, from the main crops and surrounding vegetation in some regions of Tunisia. A catalogue of all species found is provided with some information on their biology, when available, and biogeography. Almost all species are new to Tunisian and two to African fauna. One genus and one species are new to Science and previously described. A key for the identification of the species found is also provided. Keywords: Collection, key, phytoseiid mites, systematics, Tunisia __________________________________________________________________________ INTRODUCTION (111)]. Recently, Kreiter et al. (78) For a long time, only one species of reported results of surveys carried out phytoseiid mite, Phytoseiulus persimilis during seven years in five regions of Athias-Henriot, had been reported from Northern Tunisia (North, West Center, Tunisia [from Gafsa region, by Rambier Cap-Bon, Bizerte and Sahel regions), on four main crops: vegetable production in Corresponding author: Serge Kreiter greenhouses, apple and citrus orchards, Email: [email protected] and grapevines. Among the thirty-seven species of mites found, belonging to 8 families, 30 species were new to the Accepted for publication 18 November 2010 Tunisian Journal of Plant Protection 151 Vol. 5, No. 2, 2010 Tunisian fauna and thirteen species of follow Rowell et al. (115) for dorsal setae phytoseiid mites were identified. In and Chant and Yoshida-Shaul (45) for another paper, Kreiter et al. (81) reported ventral idiosomal setae. Adenotaxy and results of surveys carried out in 2000 and poroidotaxy terminologies are those 2001 in the South of Tunisia, mainly in proposed by Athias-Henriot (13). The date palm production areas. Twelve material examined was deposited in the species of phytoseiid mites were found, mite collection of SupAgro / INRA including a new genus and a new species Acarology laboratory at Montpellier, to Science (79) and 11 species new to the France. The following abbreviations are Tunisian fauna (81). We report here a used in this paper: INRA (Institut synthesis of the knowledge on the National de la Recherche Agronomique; Tunisian fauna with some additional data Centre de recherche de Montpellier, resulting from surveys carried out from France), MSA (Montpellier SupAgro, 1994 to 2008 and an identification key of France), UMR (Unité Mixte de all species found until now. recherche); CBGP (Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations); INAT MATERIALS AND METHODS (Institut National Agronomique de Plant inhabiting mites were Tunisie). collected from various cultivated or uncultivated plants from 1994 to 2008, RESULTS AND DISCUSSION during different seasons. Mites were Thirteen species of phytoseiid mites directly collected from leaves with a fine were found in a first survey (78). In a paint brush using a stereoscopic second one, twelve additional species microscope, or with a leaf washing were found (81), including a new genus method (24) where mites are collected on and a new species (79) and 11 species a filter and by beating shrubs and trees. new for Tunisia. Only 2 species were then Mites were then transferred with a fine added from 2005 to 2008. A total of 27 paintbrush into small plastic vials species, belonging to 14 genera, are containing 70° alcohol. They were reported from Tunisia and included in the mounted on slides using Hoyer's medium present catalogue. These species belong and identified using a phase and to the three sub-families of the family interferential contrast microscope. The Phytoseiidae: Amblyseiinae, Typhlo- sub-family and generic classification keys drominae and Phytoseiinae. The most of Chant and McMurtry (34, 41) were diverse genera were Neoseiulus (sub- used for mite classification and the family Amblyseiinae, with 5 species) and catalogue of Moraes et al. (95) for Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) (sub-family faunistic and biogeographical aspects. Typhlodrominae, with 6 species). Setal nominations used in this paper CATALOGUE OF THE TUNISIAN PHYTOSEIIDS AND THEIR DISTRIBUTION Sub-family Amblyseiinae Typhlodromus (Amblyseius) Chant (31): 292. Amblyseiinae Muma (96): 273; Chant & McMurtry (41): 12. Amblyseiini Schuster & Pritchard (119): 225. Tunisian Journal of Plant Protection 152 Vol. 5, No. 2, 2010 Tribe Amblyseiini Wainstein Amblyseiinae Muma (96): 273. Amblyseini Muma, Wainstein (132): 26; Chant & McMurtry (41): 68. Sub-tribe Amlyseiina Chant & McMurtry Amlyseiina Muma, Chant & McMurtry (37): 179; (41): 69. Graminaseius Chant & McMurtry Graminaseius Chant & McMurtry (37): 215; (41): 83. graminis complex Athias-Henriot (12): 181. 1. Graminaseius graminis (Chant) Amblyseius graminis Chant (30): 34. Previous Records: Algeria, Armenia, Australia, Azerbaijan, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Moldavia, Morocco, Norway, Poland, Russia, Spain, Turkey, Ukraine, and USA (95). Specimens examined: Menzel Bou Zelfa, Grombalia, Mraïssa (Cap-Bon region), on Citrus spp. (lemon and orange), July 2006. Tribe Euseiini Chant & McMurtry Euseiini Chant & McMurtry (39): 191; (41): 107. Sub-tribe Euseiina Chant & McMurtry Euseiina Chant & McMurtry (39): 209; (41): 118. Euseius Wainstein finlandicus species group, Athias-Henriot (6): 23; Chant (33): 67. Amblyseius (Amblyseius) section Euseius Wainstein (132): 15. Amblyseius (Amblyseius) section Afrodromus Wainstein (132): 17. Amblyseius (Euseius) De Leon (51): 121. Euseius De Leon (52): 86; Muma et al. (101): 92; McMurtry (89): 257; Chant & McMurtry (41): 118. victoriensis species group Schicha (118): 24. Amblyseius (Amblyseius) finlandicus group Ueckermann & Loots (126): 61. 2. Euseius gallicus Kreiter & Tixier Euseius gallicus Kreiter & Tixier, 2010, in Tixier et al. (123): 242. Nothing is known on the biology of this species, recently described. Previous Records: Paris and South-East of France (Okassa et al. [103]; Tixier et al. [123]). Specimens examined: Karkena Island, on Olea europea, May 2008. Tunisian Journal of Plant Protection 153 Vol. 5, No. 2, 2010 3. Euseius scutalis (Athias-Henriot) Typhlodromus scutalis Athias-Henriot (7): 183. This species seems very common all along the Mediterranean Coast-line. It was described from Algeria (7). This species seems to be common in the dry regions of Northern Tunisia. Previous Records: Algeria, Canary Islands, Cape Verde, Ghana, Egypt, India, Iran, Israel, Italy, Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco, Pakistan, Spain, and Turkey (95). Specimens examined: Mateur (North region), Sousse (Sahel region), Takilsa and Slimane (Cap-Bon region), on Malus domestica, July 2000; Sousse (Sahel region), on Citrus spp., April 2000; Sidi Saheb, near Kairouan (Sahel region), on Hibiscus sp. near citrus orchard, May 2001; Tozeur City, on Hibiscus sp., Musa paradisiaca, Ricinus communis, Malus pumila and Vitis vinifera, April 2000; Tozeur, Jardin du Paradis, on Hibiscus arboreus, April 2000; Douz, Hôtel Sahara, on Hibiscus sp. and an unknown Verbenaceae, April 2000, and on Lantana camara, April 2001; Oasis of Douz, on R. communis, April 2000; Tataouine, Hôtel Dak Yanus, on Althea rosea, April 2000; Palmeraie Ibn Chabbat, on Cynodon dactylon, July 2000; Oasis of Tozeur, on Prunus persica, V. vinifera, Punica granatum, Morus sp., Ficus carica, C. dactylon and an unknown Asteraceae, July 2000; Nefta, on Phoenix dactylifera, April 2000; Segdoud, on Abelmoschus esculentus, November 2006; Degache, on Urtica dioica, October 2005, August 2006, on V. vinifera, June 2004, September 2006, on P. dactylifera cv. Deglet Noor, May 2004, May 2005, on F. carica, November 2005, on P. granatum, May 2005; Mraïssa, Soliman, Takilsa (Cap-Bon region), on Citrus spp. (orange and lemon), May 2006. 4. Euseius stipulatus (Athias-Henriot) Amblyseius stipulatus Athias-Henriot (9): 294. This species was described from Algeria (9, 10). Euseius stipulatus feeds on red spider and eriophyid mites and also consumes pollen (68). Previous Records:
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