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University of Edinburgh Postgraduate Journal of Culture and the Arts Issue 05 | Autumn 2007
University of Edinburgh Postgraduate Journal of Culture and the Arts Issue 05 | Autumn 2007 Title ‘The Four Horsemen of the Greenhouse Apocalypse’: Apocalypse in the Science Fiction Novels of George Turner Author Roslyn Weaver Publication FORUM: University of Edinburgh Postgraduate Journal of Culture and the Arts Issue Number 05 Issue Date Autumn 2007 Publication Date 12/12/2007 Editors Jack Burton & Hanna Sommerseth FORUM claims non-exclusive rights to reproduce this article electronically (in full or in part) and to publish this work in any such media current or later developed. The author retains all rights, including the right to be identified as the author wherever and whenever this article is published, and the right to use all or part of the article and abstracts, with or without revision or modification in compilations or other publications. Any latter publication shall recognise FORUM as the original publisher. “The Four Horsemen of the Greenhouse Apocalypse”: Apocalypse in the Science Fiction Novels of George Turner Roslyn Weaver, (University of Wollongong) … the realities of overpopulation, ineradicable pollution, rampant nationalism, and plain entrepreneurial greed – the four horsemen of the greenhouse apocalypse – closed around the planet. - George Turner, Down There in Darkness 13 In Postmodern Apocalypse , Richard Dellamora writes of a “pervasive sense of unease in contemporary existence”, arguing that the “lack of confidence in the possibility of shaping history in accord with human desire(s) provides the bass line of culture – political, economic, and aesthetic” (xi). More than a decade after Dellamora’s remarks, a collective dread evident in literature and film has not abated; rather, it has perhaps intensified. -
A Universal Severity Classification for Natural Disasters H. Jithamala Caldera1 and S. C. Wirasinghe2 1Department of Civil Engin
A Universal Severity Classication for Natural Disasters H. Jithamala Caldera ( [email protected] ) University of Calgary Schulich School of Engineering https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8896-7846 S. C. Wirasinghe University of Calgary Schulich School of Engineering Research Article Keywords: Universal Disaster Severity Classication Scheme, Global Disaster Severity Scale, Universal Standard Severity Index System, Extreme Natural Events, Disaster Denitions, Impact Assessment Posted Date: May 7th, 2021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-333435/v1 License: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Read Full License 1 1 A Universal Severity Classification for Natural Disasters 2 H. Jithamala Caldera1 and S. C. Wirasinghe2 3 1Department of Civil Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, [email protected], 4 0000-0001-8896-7846 5 2Department of Civil Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, 0000-0001-5739-1290 6 ABSTRACT 7 The magnitude of a disaster’s impact cannot be easily assessed because there is no global method that provides 8 real magnitudes of natural disaster severity levels. Therefore, a new universal severity classification scheme for natural 9 disasters is developed and is supported by data. This universal system looks at the severity of disasters based on the 10 most influential impact factor and gives a rating from zero to ten; zero indicates no impact and ten is a world-wide 11 devastation. This universal system is for all types of natural disasters, from lightning strikes to super volcanic eruptions 12 and everything in between, that occur anywhere in the world at any time. -
The Theory of Hurricanes
Annual Reviews www.annualreviews.org/aronline Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 1991.23 : 179 96 Copyright © 1991 by Annual Reviews Inc. All rights reserved THE THEORY OF HURRICANES Kerry A. Emanuel Center for Meteorology and Physical Oceanography, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 KEYWORDS: tropical cyclones, convection,moist convection,finite-amplitude instability INTRODUCTION The hurricane remains one of the outstanding enigmas of fluid dynamics. This is so, in part, because the phenomenonis comparatively difficult to observe and because no laboratory analogue has been discovered. To this it must be added that hurricanes have received surprisingly little attention from the theoretically inclined fluid dynamicist, perhaps owing to an understandable tendency to avoid problems that involve complex thermo- dynamics and lack laboratory analogues. Yet hurricanes involve a rich spectrum of fluid-dynamical processes, including rotating, stratified flow dynamics, boundary layers, convection, and air-sea interaction; as such, they provide a wealth of interesting and consequential research problems. This article reviews recent developments in the theory of hurricanes and delineates the important remaining scientific challenges. THE MATURE HURRICANE: A NATURAL CARNOT ENGINE About 80 rotating circulations knowngenerically as tropical cyclones form over the tropical oceans each year. Of these, roughly 60%reach an intensity (maximumwinds in excess of 32 m s- 1) that qualifies them as hurricanes, a term applied only in the Atlantic and eastern Pacific. (Similar storms in other parts of the world go by different names.) Anexcellent review of the climatology and observed characteristics of these storms is provided by Anthes (1982). Here we use the term hurricane in place of the generic term tropical cyclone. -
Friday, March 26, 2021 Home-Delivered $1.90, Retail $2.20
TE NUPEPA O TE TAIRAWHITI FRIDAY, MARCH 26, 2021 HOME-DELIVERED $1.90, RETAIL $2.20 PAGE 2 WORLD FIRST AT COVID-19 PAGES 3, 6-7, 10, 13, 18 NGATA • GISBORNE-DESIGNED WASTEWATER TEST AERO GATHERING INTEREST COLLEGE • COOK ISLAND TRAVEL BUBBLE ON THE CARDS CLUB’S • NO JAB, NO FRONT-LINE JOB FOR BORDER ‘MOVING WORKERS 60TH • KEY SUMMIT IN EUROPE AS ‘THIRD WAVE’ FORWARD’ THREATENS PAGE 4 ANDY WARHOL, RIVERDALE STYLE: Te Wiremu House manager Lynette Stankovich admires portraits created by Year 4 Riverdale School students and displayed on a wall at Te Wiremu’s newly-renovated dementia ward. The artwork is based on American pop artist Andy Warhol imagery. “I see real value in art for children and anyone who supports it,” says Ms Stankovich. Other Riverdale student works inspired by the likes of Vincent Van Gogh are also on display. Picture by Liam Clayton ACCOUNT CLOSED Kiwibank Gisborne to shut doors for good from June 30 by Jack Marshall them know about the other ways they and over, improves digital know-how with but had still not heard anything back. can bank with us,” said a Kiwibank phones and computers. “It’s a worrying trend but we will not DESPITE a significant half-yearly spokesperson. Maurice Alford, of TaiTech, said he was give up on this,” said Mayor Beijen. profit and mayoral outcry, Kiwibank has Kiwibank received 11 submissions saddened by the closure news. “We will be following up with this until announced the bank’s Gisborne branch regarding the Gisborne branch closure “I had hoped that community responses we get action.” will close as of June 30. -
Fossil Fuels
Gonzaga Debate Institute 1 Warming Core Warming Bad Gonzaga Debate Institute 2 Warming Core ***Science Debate*** Gonzaga Debate Institute 3 Warming Core Warming Real – Generic Warming real - consensus Brooks 12 - Staff writer, KQED news (Jon, staff writer, KQED news, citing Craig Miller, environmental scientist, 5/3/12, "Is Climate Change Real? For the Thousandth Time, Yes," KQED News, http://blogs.kqed.org/newsfix/2012/05/03/is- climate-change-real-for-the-thousandth-time-yes/) BROOKS: So what are the organizations that say climate change is real? MILLER: Virtually ever major, credible scientific organization in the world. It’s not just the UN’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Organizations like the National Academy of Sciences, the American Geophysical Union, the American Association for the Advancement of Science. And that's echoed in most countries around the world. All of the most credible, most prestigious scientific organizations accept the fundamental findings of the IPCC. The last comprehensive report from the IPCC, based on research, came out in 2007. And at that time, they said in this report, which is known as AR-4, that there is "very high confidence" that the net effect of human activities since 1750 has been one of warming. Scientists are very careful, unusually careful, about how they put things. But then they say "very likely," or "very high confidence," they’re talking 90%. BROOKS: So it’s not 100%? MILLER: In the realm of science; there’s virtually never 100% certainty about anything. You know, as someone once pointed out, gravity is a theory. BROOKS: Gravity is testable, though.. -
Educators Guide
EDUCATORS GUIDE 02 | Supervolcanoes Volcanism is one of the most creative and destructive processes on our planet. It can build huge mountain ranges, create islands rising from the ocean, and produce some of the most fertile soil on the planet. It can also destroy forests, obliterate buildings, and cause mass extinctions on a global scale. To understand volcanoes one must first understand the theory of plate tectonics. Plate tectonics, while generally accepted by the geologic community, is a relatively new theory devised in the late 1960’s. Plate tectonics and seafloor spreading are what geologists use to interpret the features and movements of Earth’s surface. According to plate tectonics, Earth’s surface, or crust, is made up of a patchwork of about a dozen large plates and many smaller plates that move relative to one another at speeds ranging from less than one to ten centimeters per year. These plates can move away from each other, collide into each other, slide past each other, or even be forced beneath each other. These “subduction zones” are generally where the most earthquakes and volcanoes occur. Yellowstone Magma Plume (left) and Toba Eruption (cover page) from Supervolcanoes. 01 | Supervolcanoes National Next Generation Science Standards Content Standards - Middle School Content Standards - High School MS-ESS2-a. Use plate tectonic models to support the HS-ESS2-a explanation that, due to convection, matter Use Earth system models to support cycles between Earth’s surface and deep explanations of how Earth’s internal and mantle. surface processes operate concurrently at different spatial and temporal scales to MS-ESS2-e form landscapes and seafloor features. -
8.01 the Early History of Life E
8.01 The Early History of Life E. G. Nisbet and C. M. R. Fowler Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, UK 8.01.1 INTRODUCTION 2 8.01.1.1 Strangeness and Familiarity—The Youth of the Earth 2 8.01.1.2 Evidence in Rocks, Moon, Planets, and Meteorites—The Sources of Information 3 8.01.1.3 Reading the Palimpsests—Using Evidence from the Modern Earth and Biology to Reconstruct the Ancestors and their Home 3 8.01.1.4 Modeling—The Problem of Taking Fragments of Evidence and Rebuilding the Childhood of the Planet 3 8.01.1.5 What Does a Planet Need to be Habitable? 4 8.01.1.6 The Power of Biology: The Infinite Improbability Drive 4 8.01.2 THE HADEAN (,4.56–4.0 Ga AGO) 5 8.01.2.1 Definition of Hadean 5 8.01.2.2 Building a Habitable Planet 5 8.01.2.3 The Hadean Record 7 8.01.2.4 When and Where Did Life Start? 7 8.01.3 THE ARCHEAN (,4–2.5 Ga AGO) 8 8.01.3.1 Definition of Archean 8 8.01.3.2 The Archean Record 8 8.01.3.2.1 Greenland 8 8.01.3.2.2 Barberton 9 8.01.3.2.3 Western Australia 9 8.01.3.2.4 Steep Rock, Ontario, and Pongola, South Africa 10 8.01.3.2.5 Belingwe 11 8.01.4 THE FUNCTIONING OF THE EARTH SYSTEM IN THE ARCHEAN 11 8.01.4.1 The Physical State of the Archean Planet 11 8.01.4.2 The Surface Environment 13 8.01.5 LIFE: EARLY SETTING AND IMPACT ON THE ENVIRONMENT 14 8.01.5.1 Origin of Life 14 8.01.5.2 RNA World 15 8.01.5.3 The Last Common Ancestor 17 8.01.5.4 A Hyperthermophile Heritage? 19 8.01.5.5 Metabolic Strategies 21 8.01.6 THE EARLY BIOMES 21 8.01.6.1 Location of Early Biomes 21 8.01.6.2 Methanogenesis: Impact on the Environment 22 -
Five Global Mass Extinctions in the Geological History and Their Traces
Geological Society of Hong Kong Bulletin No. 13, Issue No.1 GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF HONG KONG Bulletin No.13, Issue No.1 Five Global Mass Extinctions in The Geological History and Their Traces in the Hong Kong Region January, 2018 the specific geological and palaeontological evidence observed in the ‘Greater Hong Kong The readers who are interested in discussing the content of the article please email to the Geological Society of Region’ to the overall perspective of the global Hong Kong at mass extinctions, in order to better understand the [email protected] geological impacts and imprints associated with the Editors: Ir. Raymond S. M. Chan and Dr. George S. K. Ma global mass extinctions in this part of the world. Five Global Mass Extinctions in The Geological History and Their Traces in The Big Bang theory has been used to explain the the Hong Kong Region origin of the Universe (e.g. Peebles et al, 2009). It By Foo Wah Yan suggests that the Universe began to form about 13.8 billion years ago (Ga) (ESA, 2013) and led to the (M.Sc. Petroleum Geology, D.I.C., Imperial College) birth of the Solar System, in which the Earth formed General Manager, Energy Business, Polytec Resources Ltd., as an integral part, about 4.6 Ga. The first live forms Hong Kong on Earth started shortly after its formation as basic single cells bacteria about 4.3 to 3.8 billion years ago, based on the oldest fossils (single cells bacteria) Introduction found recently in Quebec, Canada, as reported in Dodd et al (2017). -
Downloaded 10/07/21 05:16 PM UTC 15.2 METEOROLOGICAL MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 59
CHAPTER 15 EMANUEL 15.1 Chapter 15 100 Years of Progress in Tropical Cyclone Research KERRY EMANUEL Lorenz Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts ABSTRACT A century ago, meteorologists regarded tropical cyclones as shallow vortices, extending upward only a few kilometers into the troposphere, and nothing was known about their physics save that convection was somehow involved. As recently as 1938, a major hurricane struck the densely populated northeastern United States with no warning whatsoever, killing hundreds. In the time since the American Meteorological Society was founded, however, tropical cyclone research blossomed into an endeavor of great breadth and depth, encompassing fields ranging from atmospheric and oceanic dynamics to biogeochemistry, and the precision and scope of forecasts and warnings have achieved a level of success that would have been regarded as impossible only a few decades ago. This chapter attempts to document the extraordinary progress in tropical cyclone research over the last century and to suggest some avenues for productive research over the next one. 1. Introduction As valuable as these contributions were, almost nothing was known about the vertical structure of tropical cyclones, By the time that the American Meteorological Society or the basic physical mechanism that drives them. Indeed, (AMS) was founded in 1919, mariners, engineers, and up through the 1930s, it was widely believed, on the basis scientists had made great strides in characterizing the of the observed rapid diminution of surface winds after climatology of tropical cyclones, including their favored landfall, that their circulation extended upward only 3 km formation regions, tracks, seasonal variability, and sur- or so, while the reigning theory for their power source was face wind field. -
Revelation How You Can Help Them Achieve Their Full Potential 1St Edition Download Free
REVELATION HOW YOU CAN HELP THEM ACHIEVE THEIR FULL POTENTIAL 1ST EDITION DOWNLOAD FREE Ross Campbell | 9780802473127 | | | | | MAMMOMAT Revelation God's covenant required loyalty from his people and provided consequences both for obedience and for disobedience. Key technologies. First, we'll explore the historical background of the book of Revelation. So far in our lesson, we've discussed the historical and theological background of the book of Revelation. And Jewish theologians increasingly longed for the coming of the messiah to end this age and usher in the age to come. End times Apocalypticism. We can see this in Revelation ;10, 13; and We have to think about how the unexpected delay of God's kingdom, how it affected the outlook of the original audience, the original readers of the book of Revelation. James D. I'll also read these very differently than I'll read for instance a psalm of lament in which God's people lament the suffering that they're undergoing. For instance, in 1 Corinthianshe wrote that the fulfillment of the ages had come in Christ. But more recent biblical scholars have used the word "eschatology" to refer to the study of the climactic character of the entire period from Christ's first coming to his return. A group called the Nicolaitans is condemned in Revelation Specifically, those who were loyal received Revelation How You Can Help Them Achieve Their Full Potential 1st edition, and those who were disloyal received curses. But most of the symbols in the book of Revelation weren't confusing to John's original audience, because they were drawn from the Old Testament and from the world around them. -
Twelve Minutes to Midnight PDF Book
TWELVE MINUTES TO MIDNIGHT PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Christopher Edge | 256 pages | 02 Feb 2012 | Nosy Crow Ltd | 9780857630506 | English | London, United Kingdom Twelve Minutes to Midnight PDF Book Anders Sandberg of the Future of Humanity Institute has stated that the "grab bag of threats" currently mixed together by the Clock can induce paralysis. Penny eventually figures out what's going on--readers will recognize early on that the writings are torn from the pages of the future--and goes up an unlikely foe. Nov 16, Isla MacLean rated it did not like it. May 13, Jenny rated it it was ok. Metacritic Reviews. The villain and journalist are one-dimensional remaining flat characters versus complex ones. In my opinion I believe that the charecter felt relived to solve that big mystery. Out of this history, author Christopher Edge tries to recreate the penny dreadful. I don't understand how a rough-looking orderly, a mysterious heiress, and spiders might be involved, but I'm getting close. So far I think the book is very good. In , during the Cold War , the Clock was started at seven minutes to midnight. Retrieved January 29, Location Please enter your location, but not an exact address. January 24, National Review. If I can remember correctlly penny dreadful went to bedlem to investigate I can not wait to read on thank you for this amazing book. We had memorized the book on the back of our hand, it was so catchy and full of terrors. Publisher: Nosy Crow. Stories of Joy and Hope: share your story to win a school visit from our Writer in Resi Having read the third in this trilogy beforehand, I expected as much and was able to enjoy this volume without questioning the validity of the details. -
Crisis-Proof Manufacturing: How to Enable Long-Term Resilience COVID-19: a Litmus Test for Factory Resilience
Crisis-Proof Manufacturing: How to Enable Long-Term Resilience COVID-19: A Litmus Test for Factory Resilience “COVID-19 will likely follow the pattern of a broad crisis, resulting in a rather deep decline and a lengthy recovery.” – Harvard Business Review1 Crises like the COVID-19 pandemic are a litmus test for factory resilience. It exposes the known and unknown vulnerabilities of manufacturing systems and processes. It spurs manufacturers to reevaluate their factory resilience and rethink their crisis management seriously. The impact of COVID-19 on manufacturing processes and supply chain is highly disruptive and rippling. Global process manufacturers had to contend with the following challenges: Larger-scale supply disruptions. Manufacturers heavily dependent on sourcing materials from China, where the outbreak started, faced supply chain shortages.2 Significant demand reduction. The demand for automotive paints and coating, for example, has plummeted due to the pandemic.3 Drastic labor shortage. According to a French trade group ANIA study, food makers suffered a 22% loss in turnover globally due to the health crisis. Personal care and cosmetics manufacturers, on the other hand, had to shut down their firms due to lack of manpower.4 Costly delays. Pharmaceutical manufacturers that conduct clinical trials in China faced study disruptions and slower regulatory approvals.5 Reactive, Uncoordinated According to a study published in IEEE Engineering Management Review in July 2020, faculty members saw that the response of manufacturers to COVID-19 disruptions “has been largely reactive and uncoordinated.”6 To keep their operations running, some manufacturers have taken these temporary measures: Reactive cost-cutting such as overtime reduction, layoff, and discretionary spend cuts.1 Repurposing production to meet new demands goals, which can be costly and full of challenges.7 Partial operations capacity.