Hotel Market in Poland 2017 Report

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Hotel Market in Poland 2017 Report HOTEL MARKET IN POLAND table of content I. INTRODUCTION 3 IV. DEMAND II. SUPPLY Number of Polish and foreign tourists and their percentage share in the years 2012-2016 24 Supply of hotels and accommodation places in 2015 and 2016 and the change 2016/2015 4 Top 10 foreign tourist nationalities in Poland and the average length of stay in 2016 25 Supply of hotels and hotel rooms – business and tourist hotels 5 Number of accommodation places and number of tourists Supply of hotels and hotel rooms according using hotels in the years 2012-2016 26 to the hotel’s category 6 Hotel room occupancy rate in the years 2009-2016 Percentage of hotels according to the hotel’s category 10 and according to hotel’s category in 2015 and 2016 27 Percentage of hotel rooms according to the hotel’s category 12 Average hotel rooms occupancy in particular voivodeships and change in the occupancy rate 2016/2015 28 Number of chain and private hotels according to the hotel’s category 14 V. ADR and REVPAR INDICES FOR HOTELS IN THE 3-,4- AND 5-STAR CATEGORY 29 Hotel management structure according to type of operator 18 VI. MAJOR HOTEL TRANSACTIONS IN THE YEAR 2015-2017 30 Tourist and business hotels – number of rooms per hotel 20 VII. CONDOHOTELS IN POLAND 31 Average number of rooms in a hotel and share of chain hotels 20 VIII. FORECAST 33 III. SELECTED, PLANNED AND EXECUTED HOTEL INVESTMENTS 21 IX. GLOSSARY OF TERMS 34 2 INTRODUCTION Dear Sirs, We are presenting you our report on the hotel market in Poland. In the recent years What sets our report apart from similar publications is a vast collection of standar- this is one of the most dynamically developing segments of the Polish real estate dized information about the major hotel transactions, which have taken place over market. Continuously growing demand for hotel services driven by tourists and cor- the last two years. porate clients, both Polish and foreign, has translated into a considerable growth Let us not forget about the supplementary condo hotels market, which – over in the number of new hotel investments. Hotels are becoming a more popular the last years – has gained a lot of popularity both among developers as well as indi- investment option among individual and chain investors alike as well as developers. vidual investors. Being a part of investment processes while estimating the value of this kind of invest- ment allowed us to gain experience and broad knowledge about this particular seg- Based on the conducted analysis of the situation on the hotel market, the current ment of the real estate market. trends and conditions, we attempt to foresee the future development options for this real estate segment in Poland. Today we would like to share our knowledge with you by providing you with an aggre- gated report, including various graphs and charts. We have outlined the most impor- We hope you will enjoy reading our report. If you have any questions or you would like tant information that summarizes the current situation on the hotel market. to obtain an even more detailed analysis or another set of data, contact us. To start with, we carefully examine the current supply of hotels and hotel rooms in the particular voivodeships and the selected Polish cities. Due to the growing in- Dariusz Książak, terest of international hotel chains, we analyze the proportions between the num- Chairman of Emmerson Evaluation Sp. z o.o. ber of operating chain and private hotels. We outline the most important executed and planned hotel investments divided into business and tourist hotels as well as hotels in regional cities. We provide information about the hotel room occupancy rate and the current key fnancial indicators for this sector. 3 Supply of hotels and accommodation places 2015 2016 IN 2015 AND 2016 AND THE CHANGE 2016/2015 For a few years now, the Polish hotel market has been growing considerably both the number of accommodation places ofered across Poland. Last year such situation in terms of the number of tourists, the number of facilities, the occupancy rate as was recorded in over 80% of voivodeships. The largest number of new accommo- well as the sector’s fnancial results. Increased tourist trafc is related, among other dation places in 2016 appeared in the mazowieckie and małopolskie voivodeships things, to security concerns in other regions of Europe and the generally good fnan- (respectively 4.1 and 3.3 thousand) where Warsaw and Krakow generated, respecti- cial situation of Polish households. Every year Poland is visited by a growing number vely over 1/3 and 2/3 of fresh demand. A considerable number of accommodation of foreign tourists. The number of national tourists is growing even faster than that. places appeared also in dolnośląskie voivodeship (1.6 thousand), śląskie voivodeship These positive factors boost investment in the sector. The number of modern facilities (1.5 thousand) and lubelskie voivodeship (1.4 thousand). The remaining regions re- built both by private investors as well as chain hotels, including international ones, corded a less dynamic growth. In 2016, in łódzkie and lubuskie voivodeships the num- is growing. One can notice a considerable growth in the number of hotels, including ber of accommodation places did not change compared to 2015. POMORSKIE POMORSKIE WARMIŃSKO-MAZ. WARMIŃSKO-MAZ. 188 193 ▲ 19,119,9 ▲ ZACHODNIOPOM. ZACHODNIOPOM. tys. tys. 2,7% 105 113 ▲ 4,0% 12,5 13,2 ▲ ▼ 7,6% 16,5 16,7 ▲ tys. tys. 5,0% 124 120 PODLASKIE PODLASKIE tys. tys. -3,2% KUJAWSKO-POM. 1,3% KUJAWSKO-POM. 36 47 ▲ 9,1 10,1 3,8 4,7 ▲ ▲ ▲ tys. tys. 112 121 30,6% tys. tys. MAZOWIECKIE 23,7% 8,0% 11,3% MAZOWIECKIE 33,5 37,6 ▲ WIELKOPOLSKIE tys. tys. 220 251 ▲ WIELKOPOLSKIE 12,3% LUBUSKIE 230 229 ▼ 14,1% LUBUSKIE -0,4% 17,8 18,2 ▲ ▲ 4,6 4,6 tys. tys. 2,1% 63 65 tys. tys. 3,2% ŁÓDZKIE 0,0% ŁÓDZKIE LUBELSKIE LUBELSKIE 11,2 11,2 DOLNOSLĄSKIE 5,9 7,3 ▲ 113 113 ▲ DOLNOSLĄSKIE tys. tys. tys. tys. 0,0% 89 107 0% 24,6% 232 245 ▲ 20,2% 26,0 27,6 ▲ 5,6% ŚWIĘTOKRZYSKIE tys. tys. 6,4% ŚWIĘTOKRZYSKIE OPOLSKIE ŚLĄSKIE ŚLĄSKIE 7,4 8,0 ▲ ▲ OPOLSKIE 98 104 tys. tys. ▲ 198209 ▲ 6,1% 20,822,3 ▲ 7,7% 58 64 5,6% 3,2 3,8 ▲ tys. tys. 7,1% 10,3% PODKARPACKIE tys. tys. 16,2% PODKARPACKIE MAŁOPOLSKIE MAŁOPOLSKIE 135147 ▲ 9,4 10,0 ▲ 315335 ▲ 8,9% 34,8 38,1 ▲ tys. tys. 7,0% 6,3% tys. tys. 9,6% HOTELS ACCOMMODATION PLACES Source: Own study based on CSO data 4 number of hotels Supply of hotels and hotel rooms number of hotel rooms IN SELECTED CITIES BUSINESS HOTELS TOURIST HOTELS 15242 250 16000 60 4000 WARSZAWA 14096 KOŁOBRZEG 3481 3510 KRAKÓW 14000 ŚWINOUJŚCIE 200 WROCŁAW 12000 PÓŁWYSEP HELSKI 3000 POZNAŃ 40 ZAKOPANE 150 ŁÓDŹ 10000 KARPACZ KATOWICE 8000 BESKIDY 2000 TRÓJMIASTO 5933 100 4863 6000 1163 20 4000 769 1000 50 1828 2000 93 21 75 242 102 41 4 20 59 25 8 0 0 0 0 mountain region (Zakopane, Karpacz, Beskidy) MOUNTAIN AND SEASIDE REGION seaside region (Kołobrzeg, Świnoujście, Półwysep Helski) NUMBER OF HOTELS NUMBER OF HOTEL ROOMS PER HOTEL 45 41 300 40 250 250 35 30 200 177 25 17 18 150 20 14 94 15 11 100 78 82 54 51 10 5 36 3 3 3 50 26 5 1 15 0 0 5 number of hotels Supply of hotels and hotel rooms number of rooms per hotel ACCORDING TO THE HOTEL’S CATEGORY IN SELECTED CITIES 270 300 80 108 120 243 94 30 60 73 200 80 20 131 50 50 112 40 73 100 40 10 20 6 15 34 16 12 6 16 80 41 10 0 0 0 0 116 114 112 120 105 120 30 30 80 76 80 69 80 20 20 48 41 40 40 10 10 20 5 4 31 11 7 2 11 31 11 4 0 0 0 0 6 number of hotels Supply of hotels and hotel rooms number of rooms per hotel ACCORDING TO THE HOTEL’S CATEGORY IN SELECTED CITIES 180 15 181 200 10 200 8 10 108 6 82 82 79 100 79 100 4 5 47 2 2 9 15 5 6 6 5 1 0 0 0 0 50 150 122 40 106 100 30 58 57 20 50 10 14 45 13 7 0 0 7 number of hotels Supply of hotels and hotel rooms number of rooms per hotel ACCORDING TO THE HOTEL’S CATEGORY IN SELECTED CITIES 10 8 340 400 206 200 6 300 107 5 89 4 200 100 88 93 2 32 100 7 5 2 1 7 4 1 0 0 0 0 5 80 65 64 4 60 43 3 40 2 15 20 JASTARNIA 1 JURATA 1 2 4 2 0 0 CHAŁUPY 8 number of hotels Supply of hotels and hotel rooms number of rooms per hotel ACCORDING TO THE HOTEL’S CATEGORY IN SELECTED CITIES 78 79 458 15 80 20 500 57 60 15 10 44 44 40 10 250 5 20 5 27 43 1 4 14 6 4 4 17 2 0 0 0 0 10 182 200 8 150 6 97 100 4 55 36 50 SZCZYRK 2 17 WISŁA 2 9 10 6 1 0 0 USTROŃ 9 Percentage of hotels ACCORDING TO THE HOTEL’S CATEGORY IN SELECTED CITIES 3% 4% 15% 7% 6% 12% 9% 7% 11% 7% 19% 18% 19% 27% 19% 19% 52% 41% 53% 52% 6% 16% 7% 9% 18% 33% 16% 29% 28% 48% 33% 57% 10 Percentage of hotels ACCORDING TO THE HOTEL’S CATEGORY IN SELECTED CITIES 8% 8% 11% 14% 22% 22% 50% 30% 36% 54% JASTARNIA 45% JURATA CHAŁUPY 3% 4% 9% 7% 14% 14% 17% 21% 21% 32% 48% 36% SZCZYRK 74% WISŁA USTROŃ 11 Percentage of hotel rooms ACCORDING TO THE HOTEL’S CATEGORY IN SELECTED CITIES 1% 4% 6% 11% 8% 16% 8% 9% 23% 8% 8% 16% 30% 38% 26% 37% 39% 37% 33% 42% 5% 6% 13% 14% 30% 27% 25% 28% 51% 16% 45% 40% 12 Percentage of hotel rooms ACCORDING TO THE HOTEL’S CATEGORY IN SELECTED CITIES 3% 3% 26% 25% 29% 40% 29% 45% 27% JASTARNIA 34% JURATA 39% CHAŁUPY 2% 2% 5% 6% 17% 10% 15% 53% 41% 26% 52% 26% 45% SZCZYRK WISŁA USTROŃ 13 private hotels Number of chain and private hotels chain hotels ACCORDING TO THE HOTEL’S CATEGORY IN SELECTED CITIES Despite the growing interest in the Polish market among international hotel networks, in Poland there is a large fragmentation in terms of the ownership structure.
Recommended publications
  • Portraits of Emigration: Sour Milk and Honey in the Promised Land
    Portraits of Emigration: Sour Milk and Honey in the Promised Land Mary Patrice Erdmans, University of North Carolina, Greensboro This article analyzes the moral tones of public emigration stories through an ex- ploratory analysis of newspaper stories published between 1990 and 1993 in a region in Poland with a century-old tradition of out-migration. Media stories arc fertile ground for examining values and myths because they negotiate between the micro-level process of individuals constructing meanings and the macro-level process of political economies producing meanings. I identified two sets of contradictory stories: (1) stories about the sending country cast emigrants as either home builders or home wreckers, and (2) sto- ries about the receiving country depicted America as either Horatio Alger's land of pos- sibility or a morally degenerate place where greed corrupts the soul. To explain these contradictions, I compare the institution of migration to (post)modcm culture and note that both contribute to social diversity and structural differentiation which lead to value inconsistencies. An article titled "The bitter taste of America," published in the Tygodnik Podhalanski in Poland, opens with a description of an aging elegant woman dressed in fading American clothes carefiilly counting her change as she does her daily shopping in Zakopane, a town in the mountainous Podhale region in southeastern Poland (Sowa 1991). The husband of this impoverished woman had emigrated to the United States in the 1970s, leaving her and their three children behind on the family land. He never returned, yet neither did he sever ties with the family. Over the years he sent them money and presents from Chicago, and eventually each of his children joined him there.
    [Show full text]
  • East of Eden: the Place of Poland in the Little Divergence Debate
    East of Eden: The Place of Poland in The Little Divergence Debate Polen in het debat omtrent de ‘Kleine Divergentie’ (met een samenvatting in het Nederlands) Proefschrift ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de Universiteit Utrecht op gezag van de rector magnificus, prof.dr. G.J. van der Zwaan, ingevolge het besluit van het college voor promoties in het openbaar te verdedigen op dinsdag 21 juni 2016 des ochtends te 10.30 uur door Mikołaj Malinowski geboren op 21 juni 1987 te Warschau, Polen Promotoren: Prof.dr. Jan Luiten van Zanden Prof.dr. Michał Kopczyński -2- Contents Chapter 1: Introduction ......................................................................................... 6 1. Overview ............................................................................................................................ 6 2. Identification of The Little Divergence .............................................................................. 9 2.1. Wages .......................................................................................................................... 9 2.2. Gross Domestic Product per capita ........................................................................... 14 2.3. Market conditions ...................................................................................................... 19 3. Explanation of The Little Divergence .............................................................................. 20 3.1. Rise of the North Sea region.....................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Historia Administracji W Gminie Lipno
    LESZEK ZUGAJ HISTORIA ADMINISTRACJI W GMINIE LIPNO LUBLIN 2016 Spis treści DO POŁOWY XIX WIEKU ...................................................................................................... 3 LATA 1859-1915 ....................................................................................................................... 8 I WOJNA ŚWIATOWA .......................................................................................................... 15 II RZECZPOSPOLITA ............................................................................................................ 16 II WOJNA ŚWIATOWA ......................................................................................................... 30 LATA 1945-1954 ..................................................................................................................... 31 GROMADZKIE RADY NARODOWE 1954-1972 ................................................................ 35 GROMADA BARANY 1954 - 1959 ................................................................................... 38 GROMADA BRZEŹNO 1954-1959 ................................................................................... 38 GROMADA GŁODOWO 1954-1961 ................................................................................. 39 GROMADA JANKOWO 1954-1968 .................................................................................. 39 GROMADA JASTRZĘBIE 1954-1968 ............................................................................... 40 GROMADA KARNKOWO 1954 ......................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Role of Communities in the Transmission of Political Values: Evidence from Forced Population Transfers
    The Role of Communities in the Transmission of Political Values: Evidence from Forced Population Transfers Volha Charnysh ∗ and Leonid Peisakhin† This article evaluates the role of community bonds in the long-term transmission of political values. At the end of World War II, Poland’s borders shifted westward, and the population from the historical region of Galicia (now partly in Ukraine) was displaced to the territory that Poland acquired from Germany. In a quasi-random process, some migrants settled in their new villages as a majority group, preserving communal ties, while others ended up in the minority. The study leverages this natural experiment of history by surveying the descendants of these Galician migrants. The research design provides an important empirical test of the theorized effect of communities on long-term value transmission, which separates the influence of family and community as two competing and complementary mechanisms. The study finds that respondents in Galicia-majority settlements are now more likely to embrace values associated with Austrian imperial rule and are more similar to respondents whose families avoided displacement. Keywords: legacies, persistence, community, cultural values, forced migration, Poland, Habsburg Empire ∗Assistant Professor of Political Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, [email protected] †Assistant Professor of Political Science, New York University-Abu Dhabi, [email protected] We are indebted for excellent comments to Avital Livny, Edmund Malesky, Didac Queralt, Arturas Rozenas, Peter van der Windt, Tomasz Zarycki, Christina Zuber, and to seminar participants at George Washington University, Juan March Institute, NYU-Abu Dhabi, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, University of Wisconsin-Madison, and Washington University in St.
    [Show full text]
  • The Role of Communities in the Transmission of Political Values: Evidence from Forced Population Transfers Volha Charnysh Leonid Peisakhin
    The Role of Communities in the Transmission of Political Values: Evidence from Forced Population Transfers Volha Charnysh Leonid Peisakhin [email protected] [email protected] Online Appendix/Supplementary Information Table of Contents Additional figures 1 Sources used for historical data at the village and municipality level 4 Differences between partitions in contemporary Poland 5 Establishing historical composition of villages 12 Survey 14 Pre-treatment balance with weights 18 Post-treatment balance 19 Robustness checks and additional regression analyses 20 References 26 APPENDIX 1 Additional figures Figure A.1: Main railway routes used for population transfers from the USSR to the formerly German territories, 1945. 2 APPENDIX Figure A.2: Historical divisions of Poland. APPENDIX 3 Figure A.3: Map of villages populated by Galician migrants (majority and minority) in western Poland and non-resettled villages west of the Curzon line. 4 APPENDIX Sources used for historical data at the village and municipality level We digitized data on the pre-WWII population at the settlement level from following volumes of the Index of Polish Localities (Skorowidz Miejscowości Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej) published by the Main Statistical Office of Poland (Glówny Urz˛adStatystyczny Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej, GUS) in Warsaw in 1923-24: • Województwo Lwowskie: Volume XIII; • Województwo Stanisławowskie: Volume XIV; • Województwo Tarnopolskie: Volume XV; • Województwo Poleskie: Volume VIII; • Województwo Wołyńskie: Volume IX; • Województwo Lubelskie: Volume IV; The data on interwar elections was compiled from the following publications: • GUS. 1926. Statystyka Wyborow do Sejmu i Senaty odbytych w dniu 5 i 12 listopada 1922 roku. Tom VIII. Glówny Urz˛adStatystyczny Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej: Warszawa. • GUS. 1930.
    [Show full text]
  • The Way Toward Democracy in Poland: the Question Af Reorganization Af Territorial Division Af the State
    DEVELOPMENT OF ... • ANDRZEJ KOWALCZYK & MIROSLAW GRCHOWSKI 107 The way toward democracy in Poland: The question af reorganization af territorial division af the state Andrzef Kowalczyk ja Miroslraw Grochowski Summary munism in Poland the issue of territorial divi­ sion remains the key element of the restructur­ The purpose of this paper is to present Pol­ ing of the Polish economy and society. The fu­ ish experience concerning introduction of ture of democracy in Poland and its model democracy in post-communist country. The which will be work out depends to large extent question of administrative structure of the state on how we decide to divide territory of Poland, has servedas an example of serious problems and competences and responsibilities of the which must be solved by new government. state administration and representatives of The first part of the paper presents very short­ regional/local communities (Gorzelak, 1990). ly history of territorial organization of Poland since 1945. Economic, political and social Territorial organization of Poland aspects of implemented changes are briefly dis­ after World War 11 cussed. Then the last transformation of territori­ al division under communist conditions is New social reality of Poland after World War described. Against this background the system 11 consisted not only in the new political sys­ of local government in Poland and results of tem imposed from outside, but also in new ter­ two elections: to the Parliament and to the lo­ ritorial organization of the state which was the cal councils are presented. result of territorial changes in Europe after The second part of the paper is devoted to Potsdam's Treaty (Kuklir'lski, Swianiewicz, the question of strategy of democratic institu­ 1990).
    [Show full text]
  • Continuity and Change Village Court Records and Peasant Credit in Fifteenth- and Sixteenth-Century Poland
    Continuity and Change http://journals.cambridge.org/CON Additional services for Continuity and Change: Email alerts: Click here Subscriptions: Click here Commercial reprints: Click here Terms of use : Click here Village court records and peasant credit in fteenth- and sixteenth-century Poland PIOTR GUZOWSKI Continuity and Change / Volume 29 / Special Issue 01 / May 2014, pp 115 - 142 DOI: 10.1017/S0268416014000101, Published online: 01 May 2014 Link to this article: http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0268416014000101 How to cite this article: PIOTR GUZOWSKI (2014). Village court records and peasant credit in fteenth- and sixteenth-century Poland . Continuity and Change, 29, pp 115-142 doi:10.1017/S0268416014000101 Request Permissions : Click here Downloaded from http://journals.cambridge.org/CON, IP address: 141.211.155.157 on 19 May 2015 Continuity and Change 29 (1), 2014, 115–142.©Cambridge University Press 2014 doi:10.1017/S0268416014000101 Village court records and peasant credit in fifteenth- and sixteenth-century Poland PIOTR GUZOWSKI* ABSTRACT.Infifteenth- and sixteenth-century Poland, village courts facilitated the registration of a variety of private transactions among peasants. This article uses the surviving court books of this period to explore the courts’ development and func- tions, and to analyse the numerous peasant credit contracts found in their records. The aim of the article is to show that in late medieval and early modern Poland the village courts provided a well-established system for registering peasant transactions, and that this played an important role in the development of credit and land markets. 1. INTRODUCTION East European peasants at the end of the middle ages have frequently been portrayed as serfs who were an indispensable element in but victims of the backward socio-economic system in this part of the continent.
    [Show full text]
  • Życie Społeczne Chłopów W Zachodniej Małopolsce W Epoce Reform Agrarnych Na Przełomie XVIII I XIX Wieku*
    ZESZYTY NAUKOWE UNIWERSYTETU JAGIELLOŃSKIEGO Prace Historyczne 144, z. 1 (2017), s. 101–118 doi: 10.4467/20844069PH.17.006.5866 www.ejournals.eu/Prace-Historyczne żYcIE SPOłEcZNE cHłOPóW W ZAcHOdNIEJ mAłOPOLScE W EPOcE REfORm AGRARNYcH NA PRZEłOmIE XVIII I XIX WIEKU* Tomasz Kargol, Krzysztof ślusarek Uniwersytet Jagielloński w Krakowie ABSTRACT PEASANT SOcIAL LIfE IN WESTERN LESSER POLANd IN THE AGE Of AGRARIAN REfORmS at THE TURN Of THE 18TH CENTURY The article discusses some of the aspects of the broadly understood social life of peasantry in western Lesser Poland at the turn of the 18th century, which was a period of dynamic geopolitical and social changes brought about by, among others, the Partitions of Poland, as well as social and legal reforms introduced at the time. Special attention was given to the following issues: relations within the peasant community, peasants’ participation in the village self-government and their at- titude towards the clergy, as well as the matter of the social awareness, religiousness and customs and traditions of peasants. Of course, the study does not fully explore the problems, but it points at issues that need to be further examined within systematic research. Key words: western Lesser Poland, peasants, agrarian reforms Słowa kluczowe: zachodnia Małopolska, chłopi, reformy agrarne Celem artykułu jest omówienie szeroko rozumianego życia społecznego ludno- ści chłopskiej w zachodniej Małopolsce na przełomie XVIII i XIX stulecia. Bada- niami objęto obszar południowo-zachodniej części Małopolski, na którą w czasach przedrozbiorowych składały się dwa województwa – krakowskie i sandomierskie (do 1795 r.), w dobie rozbiorów zachodnia część Galicji (cyrkuły: wadowicki, sądecki, bocheński, tarnowski, rzeszowski i jasielski), w latach 1795–1809 południowa i za- chodnia część Nowej Galicji (cyrkuły: krakowski, sandomierski, konecki, kielecki * Niniejszy artykuł powstał w ramach projektu badawczego „Dwór, wieś i plebania w przestrzeni społecznej zachodniej Małopolski w latach 1772–1815”.
    [Show full text]
  • Wprowadzenie W Życie Przepisów Ustawy Scaleniowej Z 1933 Roku W Gminach Wiejskich Zachodniej Rzeczypospolitej
    Acta Universitatis Wratislaviensis No 3864 PRAWO CCCXXV Wrocław 2018 DOI: 10.19195/0524-4544.325.11 MAREK PODKOWSKI ORCID: 0000-0002-4128-1983 Uniwersytet Wrocławski [email protected] Wprowadzenie w życie przepisów ustawy scaleniowej z 1933 roku w gminach wiejskich zachodniej Rzeczypospolitej Dnia 13 lipca 1933 roku weszła w życie ustawa z 23 marca 1933 roku o czę- ściowej zmianie ustroju samorządu terytorialnego1, zwana potocznie ustawą sca- leniową. Była ona jedną z najobszerniejszych i najważniejszych ustaw w dziedzi- nie prawa publicznego w II Rzeczypospolitej. Przedmiot ustawy stanowiła przede wszystkim zmiana ustroju, tj. organizacji władz samorządu terytorialnego. Ustawa scaleniowa nie uregulowała ustroju samorządu wojewódzkiego, który istniał tylko w województwach poznańskim i pomorskim, oraz nie obowiązywała w ogólności na Górnym Śląsku. Uregulowała ona jednolicie w gminach wiej- skich i miejskich oraz w samorządzie powiatowym prawie całej Polski: 1. prawa wyborcze i system wyborczy; 2. organy „ustrojowe” (rodzaj, skład, nazwy i kom- petencje); 3. nadzór państwowy w zakresie zarówno zleconym, jak i własnym; 4. kontrolę wewnętrzną; 5. ustrój gminy wiejskiej i gromady2. Reforma ustroju samorządu terytorialnego najistotniejsze zmiany w ustroju gminy wiejskiej wprowadziła przede wszystkim w województwach zachodnich (poznańskim i pomorskim) oraz w województwach południowych (krakowskim, stanisławowskim, lwowskim, tarnopolskim), w których do tego czasu działały gminy jednostkowe. Ustawodawca zmienił nie tylko postanowienia o gminnych organach ustrojowych (ich skład, kompetencje, system wyborczy), przepisy o nadzorze — zmianie uległo całe założenie gminy wiejskiej w województwach 1 Dz.U. Nr 35, poz. 294 (dalej: u.s.). 2 W. Dalbor, Zmiana i ujednolicenie samorządu terytorialnego w Polsce, „Ruch Prawniczy, Ekonomiczny i Socjologiczny” 1933, z. 4, s.
    [Show full text]
  • Leszek Zugaj HISTORIA ADMINISTRACJI W GMINIE OSIEK
    Leszek Zugaj HISTORIA ADMINISTRACJI W GMINIE OSIEK LUBLIN 2015 II RZECZPOSPOLITA Obszary współczesnej gminy pierwotnie związane były z państwem polskim - I Rzeczpospolitą. W wyniku rozbiorów Pomorze Gdańskie znalazło się w państwie pruskim i następnie niemieckim. W efekcie I wojny światowej i ustaleń pokoju wersalskiego z czerwca 1919 roku dawne Pomorze Gdańskie (ale bez Gdańska) włączono w skład państwa polskiego – II Rzeczpospolitej. Na tym obszarze utworzono województwa pomorskie (od 12 sierpnia 1919 roku). Nowe województwo objęła ustawa z dnia 1 sierpnia 1919 roku „o tymczasowej organizacji zarządu byłej dzielnicy pruskiej”. 1 Dopiero w lutym 1920 roku nastąpiło faktyczne włączenie Pomorza do Polski. Województwo pomorskie podzielone było na powiaty, w tym powiat starogardzki z większością obszarów współczesnej gminy. W pierwszych kilkunastu latach po I wojnie światowej pozostawiono ustrój samorządu terytorialnego z dawnych, niemieckich czasów. W mocy utrzymano zasadnicze rozwiązanie niemieckiej ustawy z 3 lipca 1891 roku. Gminę jako jednostkę samorządu i korporację prawa publicznego tworzyła pojedyncza wieś, bez względu na obszar. Poza obszarem gminy tak rozumianej pozostawał obszar dworski- „gmina dworska”. Jej właściciel sprawował administrację na własny koszt i bez udziału mieszkańców obszaru dworskiego. 2 Nad działalnością samorządu czuwał wydział powiatowy (samorząd powiatowy) i starosta. Wydziały powiatowe zatwierdzały ważniejsze uchwały organów gminy. Miały też prawo oceniać akty gminne co do ich legalności i celowości. Podobne uprawnienia posiadał starosta. Gminy wiejskie miały prawo łączyć się ze sobą oraz obszarami dworskimi i miastami w związki celowe o charakterze publicznoprawnym. Dzięki temu gminy mogły realizować większe inwestycje (drogi, szkoły itp.). 3 Do 1919 roku prawo faworyzowało bogatszych mieszkańców samorządowej gminy, głównie Niemców. Posiadali oni wszelkie prawa w gminie, a nawet głosy pluralne, czyli po kilka głosów na radzie gminy.4 Organem wykonawczym pozostawał sołtys oraz dwóch ławników, jego pomocników.
    [Show full text]
  • MUTUAL IMPACT: Conflict, Tension and Cooperation in Opole Silesia Edited by Petr Skalník, Wrocław 2018
    MUTUAL IMPACT: Conflict, Tension and Cooperation in Opole Silesia Edited by Petr Skalník, Wrocław 2018 Petr Skalník, rtd Department of Politics University of Hradec Králové Introduction: Opole Power Station as a socio-political catalyzer1 0.0. Energy security and decarbonization Energy security appears as one of the decisive factors in keeping the human civilization in balance. On the one hand most of 200 nation states and territories would like to be autarkic energetically, on the other, however, they realise that it is virtually impossible. Not every country is rich in energy resources and thus is compelled to seek these resources abroad by way of trade or territorial annexation. Those energetically rich sell their surplus in energy to other coun- tries. Some wars, both historically distant and recent, were fought over energy resources. It can be argued that future wars are to be fought in direct dependence on the demand for energy resources. Even without energy wars the unequal distribution of energy re- sources will lead to regional and global tensions. 1 The chapter was written as part of research grant “Conflict, tension and cooperation. A case study of mutual impact between Opole Power Station and the community of Dobrzeń Wielki.” The project was financed by National Science Foundation (NCN), decision no. DEC-2013/11/B/HS3/03895. 19 Globalisation has brought about an ever increasing realisation that energy resources should be treated with economic cautiousness, especially those deemed exhaustible such as fossil fuels. Viewing the limited supply of these fuels, some countries have embarked on gaining energy from nuclear fuel and the most advanced even rejected nuclear energy in favour of renewable energy resources such as wind, sun, and water.
    [Show full text]
  • Poland Research Outline
    RESEARCH OUTLINE Poland UNITING FAMILIES CONTENTS HELPS FOR USING THIS RESEARCH OUTLINE Helps for Using This Research Outline 1 The Family History Library Catalog 2 Before using this outline, choose the information Internet 2 you would like to know about one of your Records Selection Table: Poland 4 ancestors, such as a birth date or a maiden name. Maps of Poland 5 After you have decided what information you Archives and Libraries 8 want to learn, use the records selection table (see Biography 9 page 4) in this outline to find the best types of Census 10 records for locating that information. Church Directories 10 Church History 11 There is a section in the outline for each type of Church Records 12 record listed in columns 2 and 3 of the records Civil Registration 16 selection table. The sections give more information Directories, Secular 18 about these records and how to find them. The Emigration and Immigration 19 sections are in alphabetical order. Encyclopedias and Dictionaries 20 Gazetteers 21 References to the Family History Library Genealogy 22 Catalog Heraldry 23 Historical Geography 24 The Family History Library Catalog (see page 2) History 25 lists all the records available at the Family History Jewish Records 26 Library. The catalog is available at the Family Land and Property 27 History Library and at each family history center. Language and Languages 27 Staff there can help you learn to use the catalog. Maps 27 This outline gives instructions for finding Military Records 29 information in the catalog. For example, in the
    [Show full text]