DOCSLIB.ORG

Sector Assistance Program Evaluation on Education in Uzbekistan

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Sector Assistance Program Evaluation on Education in Uzbekistan Evaluation Study Reference Number: SAP:UZB 2010-29 Sector Assistance Program Evaluation: 26194 September 2010 Uzbekistan: Education Independent Evaluation Department CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 31 July 2010) Currency Unit – sum (SUM) SUM1.00 = $0.000621 $1.00 = SUM1,610.60 ABBREVIATIONS ADB – Asian Development Bank ADF – Asian Development Fund BETDP – Basic Education Textbook Development Project CAPE – country assistance program evaluation CAR – Central Asian republic COM – Cabinet of Ministers CSP – country strategy and program CSPU – country strategy and program update CSSE – Center for Senior Secondary Education DMC – developing member country ESDP – Education Sector Development Program GDP – gross domestic product ICT – information and communication technology ICTBEP – Information and Communications Technology in Basic Education Project IED – Independent Evaluation Department IFI – international financial institution IMF – International Monetary Fund INSETT – in-service teacher training M&E – monitoring and evaluation MDG – Millennium Development Goal MOPE – Ministry of Public Education MOHSSE – Ministry of Higher and Secondary Specialized Education MTEF – medium-term expenditure framework MTS II – medium-term strategy II NPBED – National Program for Basic Education Development NPPT – National Program for Personnel Training OCR – ordinary capital resources PCR – project completion report PIU – project implementation unit PPP – public–private partnership PSD – private sector development RBEP – Rural Basic Education Project RDTA research and development technical assistance RTRFF – republican textbook revolving fund foundation RRP – report and recommendation of the President SAPE – sector assistance program evaluation SDP – sector development program SHS – senior high school SSE – senior secondary education SSEP – Senior Secondary Education Project STDP – Second Textbook Development Project TA – technical assistance TCR – technical assistance completion report TPAR – technical assistance project audit report TRS – textbook rental scheme TVET – technical and vocational education and training UNESCO – United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization UNICEF – United Nations Children's Fund WISP – Welfare Improvement Strategy Paper GLOSSARY hokimiyat – local government mahalla – community oblast – provincial or regional government and administration Oliy Majilis – state representative legislative body raion – district government and administration NOTES (i) The fiscal year (FY) of the government ends on 31 December. (ii) In this report, "$" refers to US dollars. KEYWORDS adb; asian development bank; country partnership strategy; country strategy and program; education; employment; evaluation; human resource development, independent evaluation department; national program for basic education development; national program for personnel training; productivity; sector assessment; sector assistance program evaluation; skills development; uzbekistan Director R. B. Adhikari, Independent Evaluation Division 1, IED Team leader K. Hardjanti, Principal Evaluation Specialist, IED Team members A. Anabo, Senior Evaluation Officer, IED S. Labayen, Senior Operations Evaluation Assistant, IED Independent Evaluation Department, SE-22 In preparing any evaluation report, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Independent Evaluation Department does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. CONTENTS Page EXECUTIVE SUMMARY I. INTRODUCTION 1 A. Objective, Scope, and Rationale 1 B. Evaluation Framework and Methodology 1 II. SECTOR BACKGROUND AND DEVELOPMENT CONTEXT 2 A. The Evolving Political, Economic, and Social Setting 2 B. Key Development Challenges 3 C. Government's Strategies and Priorities in Education 5 D. The Education System in Uzbekistan 6 E. ADB's Strategies and Programs 10 F. Other Development Partners' Strategies and Programs 12 G. Findings and Lessons from Earlier Evaluations 13 III. ASSESSMENT OF ADB'S ASSISTANCE IN THE EDUCATION SECTOR 17 A. Strategic and Institutional-Level (Top–Down) Performance Assessment 17 B. Project/Program-Level (Bottom–Up) Performance Assessment 21 C. Overall Assessment 30 IV. KEY FINDINGS, LESSONS, KEY ISSUES, AND RECOMMENDATIONS 30 A. Key Findings 30 B. Lessons 32 C. Key Issues 33 D. Recommendations 34 APPENDIXES 1. ADB Lending and Nonlending Assistance for the Education Sector in Uzbekistan 35 2. Evaluation Framework 37 3. Selected Socioeconomic Data in Uzbekistan 40 4. ADB’s and Other Development Partners' Strategies and Activities for the Education Sector in Uzbekistan 45 5. Lessons from ADB's Past Assistance in the Sector 47 6. Outputs, Outcomes, and Impacts of Completed and Ongoing Loan Projects for the Education Sector in Uzbekistan (1997–2009) 51 7. Ratings of Education Projects in Uzbekistan (1997–2008) 79 The guidelines formally adopted by the Independent Evaluation Department (IED) on avoiding conflict of interest in its independent evaluations were observed in the preparation of this report. Director General, IED recused himself from the review and approval of this report, and delegated this to Director, IED1 due to his previous involvement in all aspects of ADB’s operations in Uzbekistan. B. Prakash, R. Jamon, and M. Shagazatova were the consultants. To the knowledge of the management of IED, there were no conflicts of interest of the persons preparing, reviewing, or approving this report. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The objective of this sector assistance program evaluation (SAPE) is to assess the performance of Asian Development Bank (ADB) assistance in the education sector of Uzbekistan for the period 1996–2009. It also identifies factors affecting the performance, and draws lessons and recommendations to feed into the preparation of a country assistance program evaluation and future education sector operations. The SAPE undertakes strategic and institutional as well as project and program-level performance evaluation of the sector assistance. The Government of Uzbekistan gives high priority to human development. After gaining independence in 1991, Uzbekistan continues to provide quality education to its citizens. It developed a National Program for Personnel Training (NPPT) in 1997, which has been implemented in three stages and is coming into full effect from 2010. Uzbekistan also adopted the National Program for Basic Education Development in 2004. In 2007, a Welfare Improvement Strategy Paper was developed to reduce the poverty incidence in Uzbekistan. Development challenges. Uzbekistan, the most populous in the Central Asian region, is a doubly landlocked country. It is endowed with precious natural resources such as copper, gold, natural gas, oil, and uranium. In recent years, the Uzbekistan economy has been growing at the rate of 8.5%–9.5% per annum. It has weathered the global financial and economic crisis well, certainly better than many economies at its level of development in the region. In this sense, the key challenge is to stay the course, complete the transition, and keep on removing the "binding constraints" that are precluding better economic performance and private sector development. It needs to absorb newer technologies rapidly to boost the productivity of economic operations. Backed with good governance, its investment climate needs to be transparent, stable, and predictable for the global investors. Despite the high rate of economic growth, poverty incidence has risen. The main challenge of human development in Uzbekistan lies in the development of skilled and knowledgeable personnel who are able to facilitate the transition to an internationally competitive economy. The availability of quality human resources is critical in effecting this transformation. The government, with the assistance of ADB and other development partners, is seeking to accelerate this transformation. Uzbekistan spends about 8%–9% of its gross domestic product on education, which is much higher than in countries at a comparable level of development. Ensuring efficiency, effectiveness, and sustainability of such high investment in education is a challenge for the country. ADB’s assistance to the education sector. ADB’s medium-term strategy II prioritized addressing the goal of poverty reduction and emphasized catalyzing investments through human resource development, and strengthening inclusiveness through key social development interventions. ADB’s medium-term strategy II included education as one of the core operational sectors where ADB should focus its expertise and assistance. ADB’s Strategy 2020 also identifies education as one of the five core areas for specialization. It recognizes that investments in and access to education and vocational training are necessary for more inclusive growth, achieving gender equality, and for promoting public–private partnership (PPP) and regional cooperation. ADB assistance also supports the Millennium Development Goals, especially those seeking to reduce poverty, enhance the status of women, and augment knowledge and skills. The education sector strategy also supports the alignment of ADB assistance with the inclusive growth needs of the country. ii The total value of ADB loans to Uzbekistan from 1996 to 2009 is $1.29 billion, of which $290.5 million (22.5%) were loans to the education sector. These were sourced from both the ordinary capital resources (72.5%) and the Asian Development Fund (27.5%). In addition, ADB extended 15
Load more

Recommended publications
  • EDUCATION SECTOR PLAN for 2013-2017
    REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN EDUCATION SECTOR PLAN For 2013-2017 September 2013 Education Sector Plan 2 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS СА Coordinating Agency CCM Child-Centered Methodology CER Centre for Economic Research CFS Child-Friendly Schools CIRI Avloni Central In-Service and Retraining Institute of Public Education Staff named after A. Avloni CPOPPDS Republican Centre for Professional Orientation and Psychological and Pedagogical Diagnosis of Students CSO Civil Society Organization CSSPE Centre for Secondary Specialized Professional Education DACUM Developing a Curriculum DF Director’s Fund DP Development Partner DPG Development Partner Group ECD Early Childhood Development EFA Education for All ELDS Early Learning and Development Standards EMIS Education Management and Information System EQF European Qualifications Framework ESCAP Economic and Social Survey of Asia and the Pacific ESP Education Sector Plan FGD Focus Group Discussion FMS Fund for Material Stimulation FTI Fast Track Initiative GER Gross Enrollment Ratio GDF Global Development Finance GNI Gross National Income GPE Global Partnership for Education HEI Higher Education Institution ICT Information and Communication Technology ILO International Labor Organization INSET In-service Education and Training IOC Indicator related to Outcome IOP Indicator related to Output KAMOLOT Youth Union of Uzbekistan PEI Preschool Education Institution Education Sector Plan 3 KPI Key Performance Indicator LEG Local Education Group M+E Monitoring and Evaluation MDG Millennium Development
    [Show full text]
  • On the Legal Regulation of Electronic Education in the Republic of Uzbekistan
    Review of law sciences Volume 3 Issue 1 Review of law science 2019-1 Article 25 12-25-2018 On the legal regulation of electronic education in the Republic of Uzbekistan A.Z. Karimov Tashkent state university of law, Tashkent, 100047, Uzbekistan, [email protected] N.N. Xikmatov Tashkent state university of law, Tashkent, 100047, Uzbekistan, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://uzjournals.edu.uz/rev_law Part of the Education Law Commons Recommended Citation Karimov, A.Z. and Xikmatov, N.N. (2018) "On the legal regulation of electronic education in the Republic of Uzbekistan," Review of law sciences: Vol. 3 : Iss. 1 , Article 25. Available at: https://uzjournals.edu.uz/rev_law/vol3/iss1/25 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by 2030 Uzbekistan Research Online. It has been accepted for inclusion in Review of law sciences by an authorized editor of 2030 Uzbekistan Research Online. For more information, please contact [email protected]. On the legal regulation of electronic education in the Republic of Uzbekistan Cover Page Footnote This issue of scientific-practical legal journal Review of Law Sciences has been launched on the behalf of International Legal Forum “Tashkent Law Spring” with special focus on “Law in the Era of Rapid Modernization”. Our great appreciation to the founder This article is available in Review of law sciences: https://uzjournals.edu.uz/rev_law/vol3/iss1/25 Yuridik fanlar axborotnomasi-Вестник юридических наук-Review of Law Sciences 1 (2019) 112-115 ON THE LEGAL REGULATION OF ELECTRONIC EDUCATION IN THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN Karimov Akramjon Zaynobidinovich, Tashkent state university of law, Tashkent, 100047, Uzbekistan Xikmatov Nodir Nazimjanovich, Tashkent state university of law, Tashkent, 100047, Uzbekistan Annotation: the article deals with the current state of legal regulation of electronic education in the Republic of Uzbekistan.
    [Show full text]
  • Digital Development of Education and Universities: Global Challenges of the Digital Economy
    International Journal of Instruction January 2021 ● Vol.14, No.1 e-ISSN: 1308-1470 ● www.e-iji.net p-ISSN: 1694-609X pp. 743-760 Article submission code: Received: 06/02/2019 Accepted: 18/08/2020 20200206093641 Revision: 26/07/2020 OnlineFirst:15/11/2020 Digital Development of Education and Universities: Global Challenges of the Digital Economy Abdumalik Maxkamovich Abduvakhidov Tashkent states university of economics, Uzbekistan, [email protected] Elzara Toraxanovna Mannapova Tashkent states juridical university, Uzbekistan, [email protected] Elvir Munirovich Akhmetshin Kazan Federal University, Elabuga Institute of KFU, Russia, [email protected], [email protected] The article deals with the main aspects of the digital technology impact on education. The aim of the research is to collect and analyze most of digital technologies that have been implemented into educational system of Uzbekistan recently and to find out how they have influenced upon the development of the modern educational methods. The paper presents an assessment of the quality of education on the basis of system performance indicators, which makes it possible to evaluate education in the framework of management criteria based on the results of the participants' preparedness for practical activities. Analysing the foreign and domestic experience, the solution was found out to manage the educational system of the higher education organizations. At the same time, the work stipulates that such an approach should not violate the existing academic traditions and prevent commercial orientation of university management. Keywords: digital technology, digital economy, training, education, digital competence, information system INTRODUCTION The relevance of the study The relevance of the current work is determined by the fact that the modern technologies are developed quickly and they are involved into many spheres of the society life including the educational issues.
    [Show full text]
  • Higher Education As a Significant Factor of Uzbekistan's Sustainable
    ISSN 0798 1015 HOME Revista ESPACIOS ! ÍNDICES / Index ! A LOS AUTORES / To the AUTORS ! Vol. 40 (Number 9) Year 2019. Page 15 Higher education as a significant factor of Uzbekistan’s sustainable development Educación Superior como factor importante en el desarrollo sustentable de Ubezkistán ABDURAKHMANOV, Kalandar Khodzhaevich 1; KHAKIMOV, Nazar Khakimovich 2; RUZIEVA, Ruhsora Hodievna 3; MAKHMUTKHODJAEVA, Luiza Saifullovna 4 & TOZHALIEV, Abdukosim Aldulhakimovich 5 Received: 13/02/2019 • Approved: xx/03/2019 • Published 25/03/2019 Contents 1. Introduction 2. Methodology 3. Results 4. Conclusions Acknowledgements Bibliographic references ABSTRACT: RESUMEN: On the basis of scientific analysis and critical assessment of the state of Sobre la base del análisis científico y la evaluación crítica del estado de la higher education, the authors consider the most relevant trends in its educación superior, los autores consideran las tendencias más relevantes development as a significant factor in training competitive specialists for en su desarrollo como un factor significativo en la capacitación de various sectors of the economy and the social sector. The authors note the especialistas competitivos para diversos sectores de la economía y el sector need to expand and reform the higher education system, adjust the social. Señalan la necesidad de expandir y reformar el sistema de content of university curricula, update the facilities of the universities, educación superior, ajustar el contenido de los planes de estudios create new generation universities, including opening branches of leading universitarios, actualizar las instalaciones de las universidades, crear universities of the developed countries. The conclusion is made about the universidades de nueva generación, incluidas las sucursales de las need for an innovative approach to further improve the work of higher principales universidades de los países desarrollados.
    [Show full text]
  • Education Sector Overview
    Annexure Financial Solutions August 2019 Uzbekistan Market Education Sector Overview General Overview of Education Sector Schoo School age population Annexure Financial Solutions Until 2017 in Uzbekistan the government had played almost l age exclusive role in education sector. The involvement of private Milllions Firdavs Olimov, CFA | Managing Partner sector in Education had been highly limited. The reforms in 2017 2.0 1.9 +86 21 5472 1773 had crucial effect on improving education sector and increasing 1.8 1.7 1.7 [email protected] 1.5 1.6 1.5 private sector participation in private sector. The Education 1.4 1.3 system of Uzbekistan is managed by three ministries - Ministry of 1.4 1.2 Kenneth Lai, CFA | Managing Partner Preschool Education (MoPSE), Ministry of Public Education 1.2 +6012 2252251 (MoPE) and Ministry of Higher and Secondary Specialized 1.0 [email protected] Education (MoHSSE). 0.8 The population of Uzbekistan is growing fast and consists of 0.6 Shawn Abdurakhimov | Research Associate largely young people. Between 2009 and 2016, the population 0.4 +998 71 212 1194 grew from 27.5 million to 33.3 million, 20.8% increase in ten 0.2 [email protected] years. About 37% of the population is under age of 19, indicating 0.0 0-4 5-9 10-14 15-19 that the demand for education is driven by demographic pressure. Men Women Compared to other CIS counties, the government of Uzbekistan has been much larger portion of its budget in education. In 2017 Source: The State Committee of Uzbekistan on Statistics the government spent 6.4% of its GDP on education, which is more that did other CIS counties such as Kazakhstan (2.8%), Tajikistan (5.2%), Belarus (5%), and Russia (3.8%).
    [Show full text]
  • EDUCATION in UZBEKISTAN the Armed Forces Academy of Uzbekistan
    Defense Reform and Professional Military EDUCATION in UZBEKISTAN The Armed Forces Academy of Uzbekistan By Col. Murad Ibragimov, Armed Forces Academy of Uzbekistan, and Dr. Gregory Gleason, Marshall Center professor s the entire system of international rela- Uzbekistan’s nearest neighbors. Defense reform is tions is transformed, Central Eurasia playing a key role in the improvement of foreign is experiencing mounting threats to relations. Improvement in professional military international and regional security. To education in Uzbekistan is one of the fundamental Ameet these challenges, Uzbekistan has instituted pillars in the formation of stable and constructive unprecedented reforms across the entire spectrum relations with foreign countries. of government and society, emphasizing defense Sweeping governmental reforms were intro- reform in particular. duced soon after Shavkat M. Mirziyoyev was The unique challenges to international security elected president of Uzbekistan in December 2016. and cooperation brought about by the COVID- Uzbekistan’s reforms had an immediate, discernible 19 pandemic in 2020 have placed a premium on effect on the public atmosphere and soon had an the responsibility, agility and resourcefulness of empirically demonstrable effect on leading indica- governments around the world. The more capable tors of social and economic progress. From his of adaptation and adjustment, the more likely the first days in office, Mirziyoyev brought in a skilled, government is to successfully address the multiple innovative team of government officials to begin security challenges caused by the shifting contours implementing profound reforms in all areas of state of the international security terrain. The modern- development, particularly in defense and security ization of defense capacity requires updating institutions.
    [Show full text]
  • Education and Skills for Employment in Central and West Asia: Technical
    Completion Report Project Number: 47312-001 Technical Assistance Number: 8774 August 2018 Education and Skills for Employment in Central and West Asia This document is being disclosed to the public in accordance with ADB’s Public Communications Policy 2011. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. TA Number, Country, and Name: Amount Approved: $1,000,000.00 TA 8774-REG: Education and Skills for Employment in Central Revised Amount: Not Applicable and West Asia Executing Agency: Source of Funding: Amount Undisbursed: Amount Utilized: Asian Development Bank Japan Fund for Poverty $150,525.27 $849,474.73 Reduction TA Approval TA Signing Fielding of First TA Completion Date Date: Date: Consultant: Original:28 Feb 2017 Actual: 28 Feb 2018 3 Dec 2014 3 Dec 2014 15 Feb 2015 Account Closing Date Original:28 Feb 2017 Actual: 31 July 2018 Description In the past two decades, countries in Central and West Asia (CWA) have carried out reforms of their education and skills development systems. However, despite the achievements, challenges remain with modernizing education and skills to meet current and future labor market demand and improve economic competitiveness. Realizing the challenges they face, the governments of Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Uzbekistan requested the Asian Development Bank (ADB) to provide the captioned regional technical assistance (TA) to support education sector assessment and help build capacity for planning reforms in education and skills development.
    [Show full text]
  • Education and Change in Religious Practices in Uzbekistan
    Research Journal of Educational Sciences ______________________________________________ ISSN 2321-0508 Vol. 3(3), 1-5, April (2015) Res. J. Educational Sci. Education and Change in Religious Practices in Uzbekistan Sabina Mushtaq Research Scholar in Sociology, Centre of Central Asian Studies University of Kashmir, INDIA Available online at: www.isca.in, www.isca.me Received 18 th February 2015, revised 15 th March 2015, accepted 30 th March 2015 Abstract Islamic education in Uzbekistan had a long history like other sister republic states. Uzbekistan was a hub of Islamic learning from thousand years. Soviets tried to discard the religious activities from the life of the people of Central Asia and an example of which is that mosques, Churchs and other religious centres were banned and finally closed, and the same was the case with Islamic education. Soviets ideology was that religious activities or teaching gave an orthodox view about life which hinders the growth of development or change for betterment. The main reasons for changing religious practices in soviet were due to renaissance, growth of science, expansion of modern education, urbanization etc. Soviets succeeded in suppressing Islam in public life. However, in both suppression and repression conditions, Islam and Islamic education continued to survive in Central Asia including Uzbekistan. After obtaining independence Uzbek government assesses the content of Islam in public life through Islamic education and restores mosques and Churchs. Keywords: Education, religion, uzbekistan, people, society. Introduction Methodology Religious education in Uzbekistan lost their dynamism after the In the present research paper the study is mainly based on Timurid period and Russian conquest in the nineteenth century secondary data.
    [Show full text]
  • (ALE) NATIONAL REPORT of the REPUBLIC of UZBEKISTAN 1. Poli
    THE DEVELOPMENT AND STATE OF THE ART OF ADULT LEARNING AND EDUCATION (ALE) NATIONAL REPORT OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN 1. Policy, Legislation and Financing 1.1. Legislative and policy frameworks of ALE 1.1.1. The legislative and policy environment of ALE The education policy of the Government is based on the Constitution of Uzbekistan (adopted in 8 th December 1992), the Constitution of Karakalpakstan (adopted in 9 th April 1993), the Law of Uzbekistan on Education and the National Programme for Personnel Training (both adopted in 29 th August 1997), Decrees of the President of Uzbekistan and Resolutions of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The Article 41 of the Constitution of Uzbekistan stipulates: “All people shall have the right to education. The State provides guarantee for free compulsory general education for everyone. School education is under the control of the State.” The Article 3 of the Law on Education: “Education is the highest priority of the Republic of Uzbekistan for social development. The guiding principles of State education policy are: humanization and democratization of education; continuity of education; compulsory general secondary and vocational education; voluntary selection of vocational education – academic lyceums and professional colleges; secular education system; universal state education provision within the framework of the educational standards; diversity of training programs; supervising from both government and society”. The Article 4 of the Law on Education: “The right to receive education is given to all, irrespective of gender, language, age, race, nationality, politics, region, social origin, occupation class, social status, place of residence or length of residence in the Republic of Uzbekistan.
    [Show full text]
  • Central-Asian-Caucasus-Countries
    EAIE 2004 Session 9.02 ”Countries of the Caucasus and Central Asia -Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia.” Katarina G. Witek, advisor & credential evaluator NOKUT- Norwegian Agency for Quality Assurance in Education +47 21 02 18 62 [email protected] EAIE 2004 Session 9.02 ”Countries of the Caucasus and Central Asia” Katarina G. Witek, advisor & credential evaluator NOKUT- Norwegian Agency for Quality Assurance in Education Erik Johansson, credential evaluator National Agency for Higher Education, Sweden Dept. for evaluation of Foreign Higher Education, Session 9.02 EAIE 2004 ”Countries of the Caucasus and Central Asia - Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia.” The handout can be downloaded from: www.nokut.no clikk on the British flag clikk on the word Speeches on the left bar clikk on EAIE 2004, presentation: K.G.Witek Katarina G. Witek, advisor & credential evaluator NOKUT- Norwegian Agency for Quality Assurance in Education +47 21 02 18 62 [email protected] 01.10.2004 | NOKUT - Norwegian Agency for Quality Assurance in Education | 3 Republic of Armenia 01.10.2004 | NOKUT - Norwegian Agency for Quality Assurance in Education | 4 Republic of Armenia HAYASTANI HANRAPETOUTUN A short history 800 BC – 600 BC the birth of the nation 190 BC foundation of the Armenian state 64 BC part of the Roman Empire 301 adoption of Christianity 4th and 19th centuries ruled by: Persians, Byzantines, Arabs, Mongols, and Turks 1918 to 1920 an independent republic 1920, the communists came to power following an invasion of Armenia by the Red Army 1922 became part of the Trans-Caucasian Soviet Socialist Republic. 1936 Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic. September 21, 1991 Armenia declared its independence from the Soviet Union.
    [Show full text]
  • Contemporary Issues of Religious Studies in Uzbekistan
    European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine ISSN 2515-8260 Volume 7, Issue 2, 2020 547 CONTEMPORARY ISSUES OF RELIGIOUS STUDIES IN UZBEKISTAN M.F.Alimova, D.U.Qalandarova, L.Alimjonova International Islamic academy оf Uzbekistan, Republic of Uzbekistan. [email protected] Abstract: The paper deals with the actual problems, major directions and development trends of the field of Religious Studies in Uzbekistan. It is clear that the youths have become the main target of different destructive ideas in the period of globalization. The paper focuses on the prevention of these threats and formation of a spiritual immunity against them as well as on the improvement of healthy lifestyle and respect towards national and universal values in souls and minds of the youths in order to prevent a gap to be appeared in their spiritual world. National and religious values have developed for better in Uzbekistan recent years. A special attention has been paid on the deep study and analysis of the religious-educational heritage of ancestors and continuation of their scientific traditions worthily. It was explained that the fact that increase of an interest towards a religion gives a chance to solve the modern complicated issues providing a harmonization of problems in society, thoughts about the solution of them, secular and religious values. Thousands of sects such as Christianity, Buddhism, Islam and other religions were emerged in the second half of the 20th century. The paper emphasizes a possibility to suppose that such kind of processes may be continued in the future. A special attention was paid on the formation of a critical and conscious approach in the youths towards religious news for choosing an objective way in the cyberspace and using the system of the modern information and communication technologies.
    [Show full text]
  • What Factors Are Associated with Positive Primary Education Outcomes in Uzbekistan?
    Goal Area TWO • Every child learns Best of UNICEF Research and Evaluation 2020 UZBEKISTAN Student Learning at Primary Grades in Uzbekistan: Outcomes, Challenges, and Opportunities: A summary of Uzbekistan National Learning Achievement Study, Grade IV, 2018 What factors are associated with positive primary education outcomes in Uzbekistan? Research Manager and Author: Deepa Sankar, Chief, Education, UNICEF EDITORIAL INSIGHT Reviewers commended this piece of research for filling an obvious evidence gap in understanding quality education in Uzbekistan and for representing the first comprehensive assessment of student learning quality in the country. The research adopts a holistic, well-designed conceptual framework, drawing on international best practices for learning measurement, and develops an impressive base of tools. Reviewers also commented that the research has a strong potential for impact on policymaking, especially thanks to the collaboration with the Ministry of Education, hence ensuring ownership of the process and its results, as well as informing ongoing educational reforms. It is also highly relevant to UNICEF’s broader work in a global context of learning poverty. © UNICEF Uzbekistan/2015/Pirozzi Students in the Fergana region, Uzbekistan solve mathematical problems. Goal Area TWO • Every child learns Uzbekistan’s new government has prompted broad political reforms with the introduction of its Development Strategy 2017–2021. These changes aim to expand economic growth, increase employment, encourage innovation, and improve skills and experience. A key focus is to improve the quality of education and learning among children and youth. This long-term economic investment will ultimately support the introduction of a more skilled and competent workforce. While Uzbekistan has made remarkable progress in improving access to general secondary education and achieving gender parity in school enrolment, the quality of education is not well understood.
    [Show full text]