The Type Method: an Introduction
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JVP 26(3) September 2006—ABSTRACTS
Neoceti Symposium, Saturday 8:45 acid-prepared osteolepiforms Medoevia and Gogonasus has offered strong support for BODY SIZE AND CRYPTIC TROPHIC SEPARATION OF GENERALIZED Jarvik’s interpretation, but Eusthenopteron itself has not been reexamined in detail. PIERCE-FEEDING CETACEANS: THE ROLE OF FEEDING DIVERSITY DUR- Uncertainty has persisted about the relationship between the large endoskeletal “fenestra ING THE RISE OF THE NEOCETI endochoanalis” and the apparently much smaller choana, and about the occlusion of upper ADAM, Peter, Univ. of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; JETT, Kristin, Univ. of and lower jaw fangs relative to the choana. California, Davis, Davis, CA; OLSON, Joshua, Univ. of California, Los Angeles, Los A CT scan investigation of a large skull of Eusthenopteron, carried out in collaboration Angeles, CA with University of Texas and Parc de Miguasha, offers an opportunity to image and digital- Marine mammals with homodont dentition and relatively little specialization of the feeding ly “dissect” a complete three-dimensional snout region. We find that a choana is indeed apparatus are often categorized as generalist eaters of squid and fish. However, analyses of present, somewhat narrower but otherwise similar to that described by Jarvik. It does not many modern ecosystems reveal the importance of body size in determining trophic parti- receive the anterior coronoid fang, which bites mesial to the edge of the dermopalatine and tioning and diversity among predators. We established relationships between body sizes of is received by a pit in that bone. The fenestra endochoanalis is partly floored by the vomer extant cetaceans and their prey in order to infer prey size and potential trophic separation of and the dermopalatine, restricting the choana to the lateral part of the fenestra. -
1 an Annotated Checklist of the Chondrichthyans of South Africa 1 2 3
1 An annotated checklist of the chondrichthyans of South Africa 2 3 4 DAVID A. EBERT1, 2, 3, 6, SABINE P. WINTNER4 & PETER M. KYNE5 5 6 1 Pacific Shark Research Center, Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, Moss Landing, 7 USA 8 2 South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Grahamstown, South Africa 9 3 Department of Ichthyology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, USA 10 4 University of KwaZulu-Natal, School of Life Sciences, Durban, South Africa 11 5 Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, 12 Darwin, Australia 13 14 6 Corresponding author: E-mail: [email protected] 15 16 David A. Ebert ORCID ID 0000-0003-4604-8192 17 Sabine P. Wintner ORCID ID 0000-0001-7350-5999 18 Peter M. Kyne ORCID ID 0000-0003-4494-2625 19 20 21 1 1 Abstract 2 3 An annotated checklist of chondrichthyan fishes (sharks, batoids, and chimaeras) 4 occurring in South African waters is presented. The checklist is the result of decades of 5 research and on-going systematic revisions of the regional fauna. The chondrichthyan 6 fauna of South Africa is one of the richest in the world with 191 species, comprising 50 7 families and 103 genera. It consists of 30 families, 64 genera, and 111 species of sharks; 8 17 families, 36 genera, and 72 species of batoids; and, 3 families, 5 genera, and 8 species 9 of chimaeras. The most species-rich shark families are the whaler sharks Carcharhinidae 10 with 20 species followed by the deepwater catsharks Pentanchidae with 13 species. -
DNA Barcoding Reveals Limited Accuracy of Identifications Based on Folk Taxonomy
DNA Barcoding Reveals Limited Accuracy of Identifications Based on Folk Taxonomy Hugo J. de Boer1,2,3., Abderrahim Ouarghidi4,5., Gary Martin5, Abdelaziz Abbad4, Anneleen Kool3* 1 Department of Organismal Biology, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden, 2 Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, The Netherlands, 3 Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway, 4 Faculty of Science Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco, 5 Global Diversity Foundation, Marrakech, Morocco Abstract Background: The trade of plant roots as traditional medicine is an important source of income for many people around the world. Destructive harvesting practices threaten the existence of some plant species. Harvesters of medicinal roots identify the collected species according to their own folk taxonomies, but once the dried or powdered roots enter the chain of commercialization, accurate identification becomes more challenging. Methodology: A survey of morphological diversity among four root products traded in the medina of Marrakech was conducted. Fifty-one root samples were selected for molecular identification using DNA barcoding using three markers, trnH-psbA, rpoC1, and ITS. Sequences were searched using BLAST against a tailored reference database of Moroccan medicinal plants and their closest relatives submitted to NCBI GenBank. Principal Findings: Combining psbA-trnH, rpoC1, and ITS allowed the majority of the market samples to be identified to species level. Few of the species level barcoding identifications matched the scientific names given in the literature, including the most authoritative and widely cited pharmacopeia. Conclusions/Significance: The four root complexes selected from the medicinal plant products traded in Marrakech all comprise more than one species, but not those previously asserted. -
Checklist of Philippine Chondrichthyes
CSIRO MARINE LABORATORIES Report 243 CHECKLIST OF PHILIPPINE CHONDRICHTHYES Compagno, L.J.V., Last, P.R., Stevens, J.D., and Alava, M.N.R. May 2005 CSIRO MARINE LABORATORIES Report 243 CHECKLIST OF PHILIPPINE CHONDRICHTHYES Compagno, L.J.V., Last, P.R., Stevens, J.D., and Alava, M.N.R. May 2005 Checklist of Philippine chondrichthyes. Bibliography. ISBN 1 876996 95 1. 1. Chondrichthyes - Philippines. 2. Sharks - Philippines. 3. Stingrays - Philippines. I. Compagno, Leonard Joseph Victor. II. CSIRO. Marine Laboratories. (Series : Report (CSIRO. Marine Laboratories) ; 243). 597.309599 1 CHECKLIST OF PHILIPPINE CHONDRICHTHYES Compagno, L.J.V.1, Last, P.R.2, Stevens, J.D.2, and Alava, M.N.R.3 1 Shark Research Center, South African Museum, Iziko–Museums of Cape Town, PO Box 61, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa 2 CSIRO Marine Research, GPO Box 1538, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia 3 Species Conservation Program, WWF-Phils., Teachers Village, Central Diliman, Quezon City 1101, Philippines (former address) ABSTRACT Since the first publication on Philippines fishes in 1706, naturalists and ichthyologists have attempted to define and describe the diversity of this rich and biogeographically important fauna. The emphasis has been on fishes generally but these studies have also contributed greatly to our knowledge of chondrichthyans in the region, as well as across the broader Indo–West Pacific. An annotated checklist of cartilaginous fishes of the Philippines is compiled based on historical information and new data. A Taiwanese deepwater trawl survey off Luzon in 1995 produced specimens of 15 species including 12 new records for the Philippines and a few species new to science. -
MYOPOPONE Bakeri
BARRY BOLTON’S ANT CATALOGUE, 2020 (latest update) MYOPOPONE bakeri. Myopopone castanea var. bakeri Viehmeyer, 1916b: 283 (w.) PHILIPPINES (Leyte I.). Type-material: holotype worker. Type-locality: Philippines: Leyte, Tacloban (C.F. Baker). Type-depository: MNHU. Subspecies of castanea: Wheeler, W.M. & Chapman, 1925: 57; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 23; Baltazar, 1966: 233. Subspecies of moelleri: Donisthorpe, 1942c: 31. Junior synonym of castanea: Brown, 1960a: 215; Bolton, 1995b: 270. beccarii. Myopopone beccarii Emery, 1887b: 447 (w.) INDONESIA (Ternate I.). Type-material: syntype workers (number not stated). Type-locality: Indonesia: Ternate I. (Beccari). Type-depository: MSNG. Subspecies of castanea: Emery, in Dalla Torre, 1893: 15; Emery, 1911d: 26; Donisthorpe, 1942c: 31; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 23. Status as species: Wilson, 1958a: 143. Junior synonym of castanea: Brown, 1960a: 215; Bolton, 1995b: 270. bugnioni. Myopopone castanea var. bugnioni Forel, 1913k: 5 (footnote) (q.m.) SRI LANKA. Type-material: syntype workers (number not stated), 1 syntype queen, 1 syntype male. Type-locality: Sri Lanka (“Ceylon”): Peradeniya (Bugnion). Type-depository: MHNG. NHMB. Subspecies of moelleri: Forel, 1915a: 22; Donisthorpe, 1942c: 31. Subspecies of castanea: Chapman & Capco, 1951: 23. Junior synonym of castanea: Brown, 1960a: 215; Bolton, 1995b: 270. castanea. Amblyopone castaneus Smith, F. 1860b: 105, pl. 1, fig. 6 (w.) INDONESIA (Bacan I.). Type-material: 2 syntype workers. Type-locality: Indonesia: Bachian (= Bacan) I., “Bac” (A.R. Wallace). Type-depository: OXUM. Mayr, 1867a: 90 (q.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1964b: 446 (l.). Combination in Myopopone: Roger, 1862c: 292. Status as species: Roger, 1862c: 292; Smith, F. 1863: 18; Roger, 1863b: 20; Mayr, 1867a: 90 (redescription); Smith, F. -
Listado De Todas Las Plantas Que Tengo Fotografiadas Ordenado Por Familias Según El Sistema APG III (Última Actualización: 2 De Septiembre De 2021)
Listado de todas las plantas que tengo fotografiadas ordenado por familias según el sistema APG III (última actualización: 2 de Septiembre de 2021) GÉNERO Y ESPECIE FAMILIA SUBFAMILIA GÉNERO Y ESPECIE FAMILIA SUBFAMILIA Acanthus hungaricus Acanthaceae Acanthoideae Metarungia longistrobus Acanthaceae Acanthoideae Acanthus mollis Acanthaceae Acanthoideae Odontonema callistachyum Acanthaceae Acanthoideae Acanthus spinosus Acanthaceae Acanthoideae Odontonema cuspidatum Acanthaceae Acanthoideae Aphelandra flava Acanthaceae Acanthoideae Odontonema tubaeforme Acanthaceae Acanthoideae Aphelandra sinclairiana Acanthaceae Acanthoideae Pachystachys lutea Acanthaceae Acanthoideae Aphelandra squarrosa Acanthaceae Acanthoideae Pachystachys spicata Acanthaceae Acanthoideae Asystasia gangetica Acanthaceae Acanthoideae Peristrophe speciosa Acanthaceae Acanthoideae Barleria cristata Acanthaceae Acanthoideae Phaulopsis pulchella Acanthaceae Acanthoideae Barleria obtusa Acanthaceae Acanthoideae Pseuderanthemum carruthersii ‘Rubrum’ Acanthaceae Acanthoideae Barleria repens Acanthaceae Acanthoideae Pseuderanthemum carruthersii var. atropurpureum Acanthaceae Acanthoideae Brillantaisia lamium Acanthaceae Acanthoideae Pseuderanthemum carruthersii var. reticulatum Acanthaceae Acanthoideae Brillantaisia owariensis Acanthaceae Acanthoideae Pseuderanthemum laxiflorum Acanthaceae Acanthoideae Brillantaisia ulugurica Acanthaceae Acanthoideae Pseuderanthemum laxiflorum ‘Purple Dazzler’ Acanthaceae Acanthoideae Crossandra infundibuliformis Acanthaceae Acanthoideae Ruellia -
Gathered Food Plants in the Mountains
34063_Rivera.qxd 7/2/07 2:03 PM Page 1 Gathered Food Plants in the Mountains of Castilla–La Mancha (Spain): Ethnobotany and Multivariate Analysis1 Diego Rivera*,2, Concepción Obón3, Cristina Inocencio3, Michael Heinrich4, Alonso Verde2, José Fajardo2, and José Antonio Palazón5 2 Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain 3 Departamento de Biología Aplicada, EPSO, Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03312 Orihuela, Alicante, Spain 4 Centre for Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, The School of Pharmacy, Univ. London, 29–39 Brunswick Sq. London, WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom 5 Departamento de Ecología e Hidrología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain * Corresponding author: Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; e-mail: [email protected] GATHERED FOOD PLANTS IN THE MOUNTAINS OF CASTILLA–LA MANCHA (SPAIN): ETHNOBOTANY AND MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS. Gathered food plants (GFPs) (wild and weeds) are crucial for under- standing traditional Mediterranean diets. Combining open interviews and free–listing ques- tionnaires, we identified 215 GFP items, i.e., 53 fungi and 162 from 154 vascular plant species. The variation in frequency and in salience among the items follows a rectangular hyperbola. Highly salient species were Silene vulgaris (Moench) Garcke, Scolymus hispani- cus L., and Pleurotus eryngii (DC.: Fr.) Quélet. Salience and frequency showed no correlation with the expected health benefits of each species. Regional frequency in the Mediter- ranean and local frequency are directly related. Thus, local food plants are much less “local” than expected. Different types of culinary preparations provide the most information in the cluster analysis of variables. -
Name-Bearing Fossil Type Specimens and Taxa Named from National Park Service Areas
Sullivan, R.M. and Lucas, S.G., eds., 2016, Fossil Record 5. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 73. 277 NAME-BEARING FOSSIL TYPE SPECIMENS AND TAXA NAMED FROM NATIONAL PARK SERVICE AREAS JUSTIN S. TWEET1, VINCENT L. SANTUCCI2 and H. GREGORY MCDONALD3 1Tweet Paleo-Consulting, 9149 79th Street S., Cottage Grove, MN 55016, -email: [email protected]; 2National Park Service, Geologic Resources Division, 1201 Eye Street, NW, Washington, D.C. 20005, -email: [email protected]; 3Bureau of Land Management, Utah State Office, 440 West 200 South, Suite 500, Salt Lake City, UT 84101: -email: [email protected] Abstract—More than 4850 species, subspecies, and varieties of fossil organisms have been named from specimens found within or potentially within National Park System area boundaries as of the date of this publication. These plants, invertebrates, vertebrates, ichnotaxa, and microfossils represent a diverse collection of organisms in terms of taxonomy, geologic time, and geographic distribution. In terms of the history of American paleontology, the type specimens found within NPS-managed lands, both historically and contemporary, reflect the birth and growth of the science of paleontology in the United States, with many eminent paleontologists among the contributors. Name-bearing type specimens, whether recovered before or after the establishment of a given park, are a notable component of paleontological resources and their documentation is a critical part of the NPS strategy for their management. In this article, name-bearing type specimens of fossil taxa are documented in association with at least 71 NPS administered areas and one former monument, now abolished. -
Asteraceae 33 II
REPUBLIQUE ALGERIENNE DEMOCRATIQUE ET POPULAIRE MINISTERE DE L’ENSEIGNEMENT SUPERIEUR ET DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE UNIVERSITE MUSTAPHA STAMBOULI DE MASCARA Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie Laboratoire de Bioconversion, Génie-microbiologie et Sécurité Sanitaire THESE ème En vue de l’obtention du diplôme de Doctorat 3 cycle En Sciences Biologiques Option : Science, Technologie et Santé Potentiel du contenu Polyphénolique et Huiles Essentielles de Quelques Plantes Médicinales à Activités Anticartilagineuse et Biologiques Présentée par Melle SIDE LARBI Khadidja Devant le Jury : Mr BELABID Lakhdar Pr Université de Mascara Président Mme DJAFRI Ayada Pr Université d’Oran 1 Examinatrice Mr SLIMANI Miloud Pr Université de Saida Examinateur Mme CHOUITAH Ourida MCA Université de Mascara Examinatrice Mr HARIRI Ahmed MCA Université de Mascara Examinateur Mr MEDDAH Boumediene Pr Université de Mascara Directeur de thèse Année Universitaire : 2015-2016 « La science n’a pas de patrie, parce que le savoir est le patrimoine de l’humanité, le flambeau qui éclaire le monde» Cité par Henri Mondor dans Pasteur (1945). Citations de Louis Pasteur Remerciements Ce travail de thèse a été réalisé au niveau du laboratoire de Bioconversion, Génie Microbiologique et Sécurité Sanitaire, Faculté SNV, Université de Mascara, sous la direction de Monsieur le Professeur MEDDAH Boumediène (Université de Mascara). Monsieur, je tiens à vous remercier vivement d’avoir accepté la direction scientifique de ma thèse de doctorat, de m’avoir soutenue et aidée à réaliser ce travail avec rigueur et patience. Malgré vos obligations professionnelles, vous avez été omniprésent. J’ai bénéficié de votre grande compétence, de votre rigueur intellectuelle, de votre dynamisme et de votre efficacité certaine. -
La Taxonomía, Por Antonio 9 G
Biodiversidad Aproximación a la diversidad botánica y zoológica de España José Luis Viejo Montesinos (Ed.) MeMorias de la real sociedad española de Historia Natural Segunda época, Tomo IX, año 2011 ISSN: 1132-0869 ISBN: 978-84-936677-6-4 MeMorias de la real sociedad española de Historia Natural Las Memorias de la Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural constituyen una publicación no periódica que recogerá estudios monográficos o de síntesis sobre cualquier materia de las Ciencias Naturales. Continuará, por tanto, la tradición inaugurada en 1903 con la primera serie del mismo título y que dejó de publicarse en 1935. La Junta Directiva analizará las propuestas presentadas para nuevos volúmenes o propondrá tema y responsable de la edición de cada nuevo tomo. Cada número tendrá título propio, bajo el encabezado general de Memorias de la Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural, y se numerará correlativamente a partir del número 1, indicando a continuación 2ª época. Correspondencia: Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural Facultades de Biología y Geología. Universidad Complutense de Madrid. 28040 Madrid e-mail: [email protected] Página Web: www.historianatural.org © Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural ISSN: 1132-0869 ISBN: 978-84-936677-6-4 DL: XXXXXXXXX Fecha de publicación: 28 de febrero de 2011 Composición: Alfredo Baratas Díaz Imprime: Gráficas Varona, S.A. Polígono “El Montalvo”, parcela 49. 37008 Salamanca MEMORIAS DE LA REAL SOCIEDAD ESPAÑOLA DE HISTORIA NATURAL Segunda época, Tomo IX, año 2011 Biodiversidad Aproximación a la diversidad botánica y zoológica de España. José Luis Viejo Montesinos (Ed.) REAL SOCIEDAD ESPAÑOLA DE HISTORIA NATURAL Facultades de Biología y Geología Universidad Complutense de Madrid 28040 - Madrid 2011 ISSN: 1132-0869 ISBN: 978-84-936677-6-4 Índice Presentación, por José Luis Viejo Montesinos 7 Una disciplina científi ca en la encrucijada: la Taxonomía, por Antonio 9 G. -
Tracking a Syntype of the Australian Skink Anomalopus Leuckartii
66 (2): 169 – 177 © Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, 2016. 20.10.2016 Tracking a syntype of the Australian skink Anomalopus leuckartii (Weinland, 1862): ‘lost’ treasures in the Senckenberg Natural History Collections Dresden highlight the importance of reassessing and safe guarding natural history collections Sven Mecke 1 *, Felix Mader 2, Max Kieckbusch 1, Hinrich Kaiser 3, Wolfgang Böhme 4 & Raffael Ernst 5 1 AG Evolution und Systematik der Tiere und Zoologische Sammlung Marburg, Fachbereich Biologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Karl-von- Frisch-Straße 8, 35032 Marburg, Germany — 2 Janusstraße 5, 93051 Regensburg, Germany —3 Department of Biology, Victor Valley College, 18422 Bear Valley Road, Victorville, California 92395, USA; and Department of Vertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smith- sonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013, USA — 4 Sektion Herpetologie, Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Adenauer- allee 160, 53113 Bonn, Germany — 5 Sektion Herpetologie, Museum für Tierkunde, Senckenberg Naturhistorische Sammlungen Dresden, Königsbrücker Landstraße 159, 01109 Dresden, Germany — *Corresponding author; meckes(at)staff.uni-marburg.de Accepted 15.vii.2016. Published online at www.senckenberg.de / vertebrate-zoology on 28.ix.2016. Abstract We here report the rediscovery of a type specimen of the Australian skink Anomalopus leuckartii (WEINLAND, 1862) in the Museum of Zoology (Museum für Tierkunde), Senckenberg Natural History Collections Dresden (accession number MTKD 10205), heretofore pre- sumed lost during World War II. Eidonomic data for the specimen conform to the original species description, and combined with the specimen’s history, we are able to unequivocally identify it as part of the original syntype series. WEINLAND’S description was based on two specimens, one of which does indeed appear to be lost. -
Type Specimens and Scientific Memory
Type Specimens and Scientific Memory Lorraine Daston Now the whole earth had one language and few words. And as men migrated in the east, they found a plain in the land of Shinar and settled there. And they said to one another, “Come, let us make bricks, and burn them thoroughly.” And they had brick for stone, and bitumen for mortar. Then they said, “Come, let us build ourselves a city, and a tower with its top in the heavens, and let us make a name for ourselves, lest we be scattered abroad upon the face of the whole earth.” And the Lord came down to see the city and the tower, which the sons of men had built. And the Lord said, “Behold, they are one people, and they have all one language; and this is only the beginning of what they will do; and nothing that they propose to do will now be impossible for them. Come, let us go down, and there confuse their language, that they may not understand one another’s speech.” So the Lord scattered them abroad from there over the face of all the earth, and they left off building the city. Therefore its name was called Babel, because there the Lord confused the language of all the earth; and from there the Lord scattered them abroad over the face of all the earth. —Genesis, 11:1–9 After Babel Botany is the science that strives to undo the mischief of Babel. Botanists have no interest in restoring the purity of the prelapsarian language of par- adise, in which Adam called the beasts of the field and the fowl of the air and presumably also the plants of the meadow “‘by their own names,’”those proper to them in the deepest possible sense.1 They are untroubled by the yawning gap between word and thing and the conventionalism of linguistic signs.