Moses to Disband Swanu
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The Immediate and Long-Term Effects of Namibia's Colonization Process
The Immediate and Long-Term Effects of Namibia’s Colonization Process By: Jonathan Baker Honors Capstone Through Professor Taylor Politics of Sub-Saharan Africa Baker, 2 Table of Contents I. Authors Note II. Introduction III. Pre-Colonization IV. Colonization by Germany V. Colonization by South Africa VI. The Struggle for Independence VII. The Decolonization Process VIII. Political Changes- A Reaction to Colonization IX. Immediate Economic Changes Brought on by Independence X. Long Term Political Effects (of Colonization) XI. Long Term Cultural Effects XII. Long Term Economic Effects XIII. Prospects for the Future XIV. Conclusion XV. Bibliography XVI. Appendices Baker, 3 I. Author’s Note I learned such a great deal from this entire honors capstone project, that all the knowledge I have acquired can hardly be covered by what I wrote in these 50 pages. I learned so much more that I was not able to share both about Namibia and myself. I can now claim that I am knowledgeable about nearly all areas of Namibian history and life. I certainly am no expert, but after all of this research I can certainly consider myself reliable. I have never had such an extensive knowledge before of one academic area as a result of a school project. I also learned a lot about myself through this project. I learned how I can motivate myself to work, and I learned how I perform when I have to organize such a long and complicated paper, just to name a couple of things. The strange inability to be able to include everything I learned from doing this project is the reason for some of the more random appendices at the end, as I have a passion for both numbers and trivia. -
Your Record of 2019 Election Results
Produced by the Institute for Public Policy Research (IPPR) Issue No 1: 2020 Your Record of 2019 Election Results These results are based on a spreadsheet received from the Electoral Commission of Namibia (ECN) on February 20 2020 with the exception that a mistake made by the ECN concerning the Windhoek Rural constituency result for the Presidential election has been corrected. The mistake, in which the votes for Independent candidate and the UDF candidate had been transposed, was spotted by the IPPR and has been acknowledged by the ECN. National Assembly Results REGION & Constituency Registered APP CDV CoD LPM NDP NEFF NPF NUDO PDM RDP RP SWANU SWAPO UDF WRP Total Votes 2019 2014 Voters Cast Turnout Turnout ZAMBEZI 45303 Judea Lyaboloma 3122 12 12 8 3 47 4 1 5 169 12 9 3 1150 5 2 1442 46.19 62.86 Kabbe North 3782 35 20 5 20 30 8 2 5 224 17 8 8 1780 14 88 2264 59.86 73.17 Kabbe South 3662 16 10 6 13 20 3 3 3 97 9 6 1 1656 4 4 1851 50.55 72.47 Katima Mulilo Rural 6351 67 26 12 25 62 12 4 6 304 26 8 7 2474 16 3 3052 48.06 84.78 Katima Mulilo Urban 13226 94 18 24 83 404 23 10 18 1410 70 42 23 5443 30 12 7704 58.25 58.55 Kongola 5198 67 35 17 21 125 10 5 5 310 32 40 17 1694 22 5 2405 46.27 65.37 Linyanti 3936 22 17 7 4 150 4 2 5 118 84 4 4 1214 12 0 1647 41.84 70.61 Sibbinda 6026 27 27 17 13 154 9 2 6 563 42 11 9 1856 27 5 2768 45.93 55.23 23133 51.06 ERONGO 113633 Arandis 7894 74 27 21 399 37 159 6 60 1329 61 326 8 2330 484 20 5341 67.66 74.97 Daures 7499 39 29 2 87 11 13 12 334 482 43 20 80 1424 1010 18 3604 54.86 61.7 Karibib 9337 78 103 -
Election Update 2004 Namibia No 1
ELECTION UPDATE 2004 NAMIBIA number 1 5 November 2004 contents Pre-election political and policy settings 1 Political Parties 3 The Presidential Elections 5 General Elections 6 Manifestos 6 Regional Elections 9 Civil Society Participation 10 Framework for Election Conflict Prevention and Management 11 Compiled by Phaneul Kaapama EISA Editorial Team Jackie Kalley, Khabele Matlosa, Denis Kadima Published with the assistance of NORAD and OSISA Pre-election Political and dictates that the election of the Hence, in a few weeks time Policy Settings President should be by direct, Namibians will be going to the universal and equal suffrage. polls to participate in the third Introduction presidential and general Moreover, the same Article elections that are scheduled for At independence in 1990, the stipulates that no person shall November 15 and 16, 2004. Republic of Namibia, through be elected as President unless these will be followed by the its Constitution, embraced the he/she has received more than third Regional Council principles of democracy based fifty per cent (50%) of the votes elections that will be taking on electoral choice and cast and the necessary number place on November 29 and 30, multipartism. Hence, in line of ballots shall be cast until 2004. with these principles, the such result is reached. Article constitution as the formal 46(1)(a) of the constitution The raison d'etre of this source for the understanding of deals with the elections of the briefing paper is to examine the the political and governance members of the National political setting for the processes in the country lays Assembly. -
IPPR Briefing Paper NO 44 Political Party Life in Namibia
Institute for Public Policy Research Political Party Life in Namibia: Dominant Party with Democratic Consolidation * Briefing Paper No. 44, February 2009 By André du Pisani and William A. Lindeke Abstract This paper assesses the established dominant-party system in Namibia since independence. Despite the proliferation of parties and changes in personalities at the top, three features have structured this system: 1) the extended independence honeymoon that benefits and is sustained by the ruling SWAPO Party of Namibia, 2) the relatively effective governance of Namibia by the ruling party, and 3) the policy choices and political behaviours of both the ruling and opposition politicians. The paper was funded in part by the Danish government through Wits University in an as yet unpublished form. This version will soon be published by Praeger Publishers in the USA under Series Editor Kay Lawson. “...an emergent literature on African party systems points to low levels of party institutionalization, high levels of electoral volatility, and the revival of dominant parties.” 1 Introduction Political reform, democracy, and governance are centre stage in Africa at present. African analysts frequently point to the foreign nature of modern party systems compared to the pre-colonial political cultures that partially survive in the traditional arenas especially of rural politics. However, over the past two decades multi-party elections became the clarion call by civil society (not to mention international forces) for the reintroduction of democratic political systems. This reinvigoration of reform peaked just as Namibia gained its independence under provisions of the UN Security Council Resolution 435 (1978) and the supervision of the United Nations Transition Assistance Group (UNTAG). -
Multiparty Democracy and Elections in Namibia
MULTIPARTY DEMOCRACY AND ELECTIONS IN NAMIBIA ––––––––––––– ❑ ––––––––––––– Published with the assistance of NORAD and OSISA ISBN 1-920095-02-0 Debie LeBeau 9781920 095024 Edith Dima Order from: [email protected] EISA RESEARCH REPORT No 13 EISA RESEARCH REPORT NO 13 i MULTIPARTY DEMOCRACY AND ELECTIONS IN NAMIBIA ii EISA RESEARCH REPORT NO 13 EISA RESEARCH REPORT NO 13 iii MULTIPARTY DEMOCRACY AND ELECTIONS IN NAMIBIA BY DEBIE LEBEAU EDITH DIMA 2005 iv EISA RESEARCH REPORT NO 13 Published by EISA 2nd Floor, The Atrium 41 Stanley Avenue, Auckland Park Johannesburg, South Africa 2006 P O Box 740 Auckland Park 2006 South Africa Tel: 27 11 482 5495 Fax: 27 11 482 6163 Email: [email protected] www.eisa.org.za ISBN: 1-920095-02-0 EISA All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of EISA. First published 2005 EISA is a non-partisan organisation which seeks to promote democratic principles, free and fair elections, a strong civil society and good governance at all levels of Southern African society. –––––––––––– ❑ –––––––––––– Cover photograph: Yoruba Beaded Sashes Reproduced with the kind permission of Hamill Gallery of African Art, Boston, MA USA EISA Research Report, No. 13 EISA RESEARCH REPORT NO 13 v CONTENTS List of acronyms viii Acknowledgements x Preface xi 1. Background to multiparty democracy in Namibia 1 Historical background 1 The electoral system and its impact on gender 2 The ‘characters’ of the multiparty system 5 2. -
ANGOLA ZAMBIA Ovausciland RHODESIA BOTSWANA SOUTH
4 • • ANGOLA ZAMBIA OvAUSCILAND : AV ANOO RHODESIA BOTSWANA SWAKOPMUND, • WINDHOEK WALVIS BAY LUDERITZ SOUTH AFRICA NAMIBIA IN OUTLINE Formerly known as South West Africa, Namibia was officially renamed in June 1968 by resolution of the United Nations General Assembly. On 27 October 1966, the UN formally assumed direct responsibility amibia for Namibia after unilaterally revoking the Mandate over the territory granted to South Africa by the League of Nations in 1920. However, the UN has so far been unable to translate this formal responsibility into effective control. South Africa refuses to recognize UN authority 1. Introduction in Namibia and continues to administer the country. Amnesty International is particularly concerned about the following issues in A relatively large but sparsely populated country, Namibia has a Namibia: total land area of some 825,000 square kilometers. It is strategically located in the south-western corner of Africa and is bordered on the the widespread use of detention without trial to suppress political west by the Atlantic Ocean. Neighbours to the north are Angola and opposition and intimidate opponents of continued South African rule Zambia, to the east Botswana, and to the south and east South Africa. in Namibia; Walvis Bay, the main port, is a South African enclave. the torture of political detainees; In 1974, Namibia's population was estimated at 852,000. Africans the application to Namibia of various South African security laws such comprised 88%, the whites constituted the remaining 12%. as the Terrorism Act, the Internal Security Act and the "Sabotage Act"; Despite this extreme racial imbalance, 43% of Namibia's land area the imprisonment in South African—rather than in Namibian—prisons is reserved for occupation by the white settler minority under South of Namibians convicted of political offences, and the South African Africa's 1964 Odendaal Commission proposals. -
Biography-Sam-Nujoma-332D79.Pdf
BIOGRAPHY Name: Sam Nujoma Date of Birth: 12 May 1929 Place of Birth: Etunda-village, Ongandjera district, North- Western Namibia – (Present Omusati Region) Parents: Father: Daniel Uutoni Nujoma - (subsistence farmer) Mother: Helvi Mpingana Kondombolo- (subsistence farmer) Children: 6 boys and 4 girls. From Childhood: Like all boys of those days, looked after his parents’ cattle, as well as assisting them at home in general work, including in the cultivation of land. Qualifications: Attended Primary School at Okahao Finnish Mission School 1937-1945; In the year 1946, Dr. Nujoma moved to the coastal town of Walvisbay to live with his aunt Gebhart Nandjule, where in 1947 at the age of 17 he began his first employment at a general store for a monthly salary of 10 Shillings. It was in Walvis Bay that he got exposed to modern world politics by meeting soldiers from Argentina, Norway and other parts of Europe who had been brought there during World War II. Soon after, at the beginning of 1949 Dr. Nujoma went to live in Windhoek with his uncle Hiskia Kondombolo. In Windhoek he started working for the South African Railways and attended adult night school at St. Barnabas in the Windhoek Old Location. He further studied for his Junior Certificate through correspondence at the Trans-Africa Correspondence College in South Africa. Marital Status: On 6 May 1956, Dr Nujoma got married to Kovambo Theopoldine Katjimune. They were blessed with 4 children: Utoni Daniel (1952), John Ndeshipanda (1955), Sakaria Nefungo (1957) and Nelago (1959), who sadly passed away at the age of 18 months, while Dr. -
Institute for Public Policy Research
Institute for Public Policy Research Afrobarometer Briefing Paper No. 88 August 2010 Namibia Political Party Prospects Leading to the 2009 Elections Introduction The structure of government and opposition in Namibia as a dominant party system became solidified after independence in 1990 (Du Pisani and Lindeke, IPPR 2009). But, over the past year a number of new political parties have been formed to challenge the established ruling party, SWAPO Party of Namibia, as it has been officially called since independence. These new parties are also challenging the existing opposition parties in Namibia. These new parties raise the possibility of breaking the effective monopoly of voters from the north-central regions, where up to now SWAPO has received enough votes to automatically win a majority. Furthermore, the new parties may receive votes reallocated from different ethnic groups and populations allied to existing opposition parties or from those who have fallen out of electoral participation. The fixation among politicians and voters on the coming elections scheduled in November 2009 has already challenged the peace and stability of the country in ways unseen since independence. Popular emotions are running high, judging by the unprecedented confrontations around recent by-elections and rallies. Missing so far has been reliable information as represented here by the Afrobarometer survey, which gives a national picture of potential party support a year ahead of elections. Support For Political Parties Figure 1 below shows the current projections of the parties likely to gain votes according to respondents’ preferences. Namibians were asked, If a presidential election were held tomorrow, which party’s candidate would you vote for? The current preferences reported in the survey are SWAPO at 50%, opposition parties at 25%, and undecided at 25%. -
The Transformation of the Lutheran Church in Namibia
W&M ScholarWorks Undergraduate Honors Theses Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 5-2009 The Transformation of the Lutheran Church in Namibia Katherine Caufield Arnold College of William and Mary Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/honorstheses Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Arnold, Katherine Caufield, "The rT ansformation of the Lutheran Church in Namibia" (2009). Undergraduate Honors Theses. Paper 251. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/honorstheses/251 This Honors Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Undergraduate Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 1 Introduction Although we kept the fire alive, I well remember somebody telling me once, “We have been waiting for the coming of our Lord. But He is not coming. So we will wait forever for the liberation of Namibia.” I told him, “For sure, the Lord will come, and Namibia will be free.” -Pastor Zephania Kameeta, 1989 On June 30, 1971, risking persecution and death, the African leaders of the two largest Lutheran churches in Namibia1 issued a scathing “Open Letter” to the Prime Minister of South Africa, condemning both South Africa’s illegal occupation of Namibia and its implementation of a vicious apartheid system. It was the first time a church in Namibia had come out publicly against the South African government, and after the publication of the “Open Letter,” Anglican and Roman Catholic churches in Namibia reacted with solidarity. -
National Archives of Namibia Findaid 2/238
National Archives of Namibia Findaid 2/238 Findaid 2/238 A.1058 United Nations Oral History on Namibia October 2017 National Archives of Namibia Findaid 2/238: A.1058 United Nations Oral History on Namibia Arranged by Werner Hillebrecht Windhoek, October 2017 © National Archives of Namibia & Dag Hammarskjöld Library Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike CC BY-NC-SA Republic of Namibia Ministry of Education, Arts and Culture National Archives of Namibia P/Bag 13250 Windhoek Namibia Tel. +264–61–2935211 (switchboard), 2935210 or 2935208 (reading room) Fax +264–61–2935207 [email protected] ii Findaid 2/238 United Nations Oral History A.1058 Private Accession A. 1058 United Nations Oral History on Namibia Introduction The United Nations, in cooperation with Yale University, embarked on an oral history project about the history of the UN. This included United Nations action with regard to Namibia, in particular the involvement in the transition to independence. Sixteen interviews with key players in this process were conducted in 1998 – 1999. The oral interviews as well as the transcriptions are available at Yale University and on the website of the United Nations’ Dag Hammarskjöld Library, New York. This accession consists of downloads of the digital transcriptions, which can be accessed on the local server, and printouts of the texts. The oral recordings are not available at the National Archives, and can only be accessed online via the Dag Hammarskjöld Library. Researchers should take note that the transcriptions frequently contain misspellings of personal names and place names. No effort from the side of the National Archives has been made to correct the spelling. -
Namibia Goes to Vote 2015
ProducedElection by the Institute for Public Policy Research W (IPPR)atch Issue No. 6 2015 NAMIBIA GOES TO VOTE 2015 FILL IN YOUR OWN RECORD OF THE REGIONAL AND LOCAL AUTHORITY ELECTIONS n November 27 2015 Namibians go to vote in the Regional Council and Local Authority elections. 95 constituencies will be contested in the Regional Council elections while 26 are uncontested meaning the sole candidate standing wins the Regional Council seat. 52 Local Authorities will be contested while five are uncontested. This edition of the Election Watch bulletinO lists all the regional council candidates (below) and the parties/organisations standing in the local authority elections. You can fill out the election results as they are announced in the spaces provided. Follow the fortunes of your party and candidates and see who will be elected. Constituency for Total number Political party/independent Votes per Regional Council in of votes Full names candidate candidate respect of a Region recorded ERONGO REGION Surname First names Arandis /Gawaseb Elijah Hage United Democratic Front of Namibia Imbamba Benitha Swapo Party of Namibia Prins Andreas Independent Candidate Daures !Haoseb Joram United Democratic Front of Namibia Katjiku Ehrnst Swapo Party of Namibia Ndjiharine Duludi Uahindua DTA of Namibia Rukoro Manfred Verikenda National Unity Democratic Organisation Karibib Ndjago Melania Swapo Party of Namibia Nguherimu Christiaan Rally for Democracy and Progress Tsamaseb Zedekias United Democratic Front of Namibia Omaruru Hamuntenya Johannes Tuhafeni -
The Hon Usutualje MAAMBERUA MP, President of SWANU
The Hon USUTUAlJE MAAMBERUA MP, President of SWANU 1. INTRODUCTION Honorable Speaker and Honorable Members of Parliament I rise to make my third budget maiden speech in this august house. Last year in my contribution to the budget disucussions, I said that political parties are products of their own experiences and ideas if not ideological perspectives with which they have been confronted in the past. In the Namibian context the two oldest liberation movements namely SWANU and SWAPO adopted a socialist ideological stance because of the imperatives of the liberation struggle. We, thus, stood shoulder-to- shoulder, shared poliltical platforms together, languished in and shared prison cells together, defied the Apartheid policies and programmes individually and collectively, we all mobilized the international community for various resources endeavouring to liberate our country for the common good of all our people. As refugees and liberation cadres we faced attacks by the common enemy and had to endure untold sufferings. As a mother of all the political parties in Namibia, SWANU would like to take this opportunity to implore all her offsprings in Parliament to receive 1 t' this marathon submission with patience and deep reflection of the role that this still active mother has played to shape the past and future of this country. Currently there are several socialist oriented parties in the country, some also represented here today. It is evident that our struggle was not in vain and thus our socialists ideological decision was to benefit all Namibians upon attaining independence. This is a stark reminder that ideology is not confined to liberation struggle times only but is a continuum even beyond attainment of the aspirations of the people, for continous fullfilment of the needs of the grass-roots is an imperative.