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Playfish Playfish SpeSpecialeciale CiclidiCiclidi PPLAYLAYFFISHISH Collaborano alla diffusione di Playfi sh: AFAE - AIAM - AIG Copadichromis AIK - AIPC - AT - AVS borley “mdoka” CICHLIDPOWER CIR - DCI - GAB GAEM - GAF GAP - GARB GAS - OC Copadichromis sp. Yellow Jumbo Copadichromis trevavasae Nyassachromis prostoma Copadichromis ilesi nkanda irregolari irregolari sce ad intervalli ad sce Foto di Vlado Arnautovic Vlado di Foto Anno 2006 Anno Diffusione libera e gratuita e libera Diffusione proprio in Stampato E Playfi sh Speciale Ciclidi Cari amici di Playfi sh, ringraziarli a nome di tutti gli ac- Questo è il secondo numero spe- quariofi li che seguono l’iniziativa Speciale ciale per quest’anno, dedicato inte- (che sono davvero tanti). ramente alla revisione del genere Vi sorprenderebbe sapere il nu- Copadichromis. Il tutto è frutto del mero di copie scaricate media- lavoro di una squadra affi atata, mente per ogni numero. Il numero alla quale per l’occasione si sono speciale AIPC, poi, è fi nito dritto aggiunti Gianmarco e Ivan, pro- dritto su un forum tedesco, mentre venienti dal forum “Cichlidpower” alcuni forum centroamericani mi La redazione di Playfi sh (www.cichlidpower.it), che da oggi chiedono se è possibile la traduzio- impaginazione entra di diritto a far parte dei so- ne in lingua spagnola. Graziano Fiocca stenitori di Playfi sh. Tutto ciò fa enorme piacere, ma correzione bozze e grafi ca Ivan Salvatori è l’autore di que- preferisco, e con me lo Staff, “vo- Chiara di Biase sto corposo lavoro di traduzione lare basso”, perchè Playfi sh è nato copertina e ricerca, mentre Gianmarco si è come un gioco e tale deve restare; Carlo Carraro Graziano Fiocca “sbattuto” come pochi per riuscire certo, mira sempre a raggiungere ad ottenere tutti i permessi per l’uso il massimo della qualità possibile, revisione Graziella Antonello e la pubblicazione delle foto e delle ma senza dimenticare che siamo Enrico Carraro immagini. Gianmarco ed Ivan, pur semplici appassionati e non pro- Stefano Della Puppa Paolo Casagrande disponendo di un forum molto se- fessionisti della carta stampata, guito e di un sito ben avviato, han- che siamo pur sempre acquariofi li Gli indirizzi e-mail per inviare articoli no scelto Playfi sh per questa loro e piantofi li, non scienziati o bota- redazione@playfi sh.it importante fatica, per dare modo a nici. La serie dei “numeri specia- per segnalazioni graziano@playfi sh.it tutti i gruppi di condividere il loro li” ha anche altre uscite in vista, per la grafi ca sforzo, e con l’obiettivo di renderlo ormai per il prossimo anno, dopo chiaradibi@playfi sh.it disponibile ad un maggior numero il calendario 2007, ma se qualche possibile di appassionati. gruppo o singolo avesse voglia di Da parte mia e dello Staff di lavorare su un numero speciale... Il sommario del numero: La revisione del genere Playfi sh non posso fare altro che Graziano Copadichromis pag. 3 Per inviare articoli sarebbe op- bile; l’invio dell’articolo e delle foto portuno entrare in contatto con a PF autorizza automaticamente una Associazione tra quelle che la loro pubblicazione attraverso il promuovono l’iniziativa, selezio- bollettino da parte delle altre as- nandone una dalla relativa pa- sociazioni. L’uso delle foto è con- gina sul sito www.playfi sh.it o in cesso dagli autori per il solo scopo ultima pagina di questo bolletti- della pubblicazione sul bollettino. no. In Italia queste Associazioni Qualsiasi altro uso deve essere au- sono numerose ed equamente di- torizzato. La pubblicità non trova stribuite lungo tutta la penisola spazio nelle pagine di PlayFish, e le isole maggiori. Potete anche perché le Associazioni che sosten- inviare uno scritto all’indirizzo gono il bollettino hanno ritenuto redazione@playfi sh.it di lasciare la massima libertà di Lo scritto deve essere corredato espressione possibile a chi scrive, da almeno un paio di foto di buona senza condizionamenti di sorta. qualità e non dovrebbe eccedere di La diffusione è libera e gratuita: 2 molto le 6000 battute. chiunque può stamparlo e diffon- Esso rimarrà di proprietà del suo derlo nei luoghi dove si “fa attivi- autore, il quale ne può disporre li- tà”: mostre, manifestazioni, nego- Come collaborare a Playfi sh Come collaborare a Playfi beramente, restandone responsa- zi, serre. Anno 2006 In uno studio pubblicato recen- Nello stesso studio, sono state di Ivan Salvatori Basato sul lavoro: temente (2006), compiuto da Jay descritte sei nuove specie, tutte “Review of Copadichromis, R.Stauffer e Adrianus F. Konings, del gruppo C. mbenjii: C. melas Jay R. Stauffer, Jr. and Adrianus F.Konings viene rivisto, fi nalmente, il genere (ex Copadichromis sp. “midni- Ichthjol.Explor.Freshwater” Copadichromis. Questo viene fat- ght mloto”), C. chizumuluensis e sul lavoro: “The cichlid diversity of Lake to attraverso la descrizione di un (ex Copadichromis sp.”chizumulu Malawi/Nyasa/Niassa: nuovo genere, il genere Mchenga, blu”), C. diplostigma (ex Copadi- identifi cation, distribution and taxonomy nel quale vengono inserite le spe- chrmis sp.”likoma blu”), C. insu- Jos Snoeks – Cichlidpress” cie: C. cyclicos, C. conophoros, C. laris (una parte di C. azureus), C. fl avimanus, C. inornatus e C. euci- cyanocephalus (ex Copadichromis nostomus, prima ascritte al genere sp.”verdujni bluface”) e C. parvus Copadichromis. (ex Copadichromis sp.”verdujni Inoltre, C. prostoma e C. boa- dwarf”). dzulu, vengono inseriti nel genere Prima però di entrare nel meri- Nyassachromis. to del discorso, bisogna aver suf- Le specie che rimangono nel ge- fi cientemente chiaro il signifi cato nere Copadichromis sono identifi - di alcune parole e misurazioni che cate come appartenenti a tre grup- sono alla base di uno studio del ge- pi. Il gruppo C. quadrimaculatus, nere. Cercherò di rendere questo il gruppo C. virginalis ed il gruppo discorso il meno tecnico possibile, C. mbenjii. ma ci sono comunque certi vocabo- Fig.1 1 - Lunghezza standard 2 - Altezza del corpo 3 - Lunghezza della testa 16 - Lunghezza della base della pinna dorsale 17 - Lunghezza della base della pinna anale 18 - Distanza pre-dorsale 19 - Distanza pre-anale 20 - Distanza pre-pettorale 21 - Distanza pre-pelvica 22 - Lunghezza del pedunco- lo caudale 23 - Altezza del peduncolo caudale 3 Playfi sh Speciale Ciclidi I dati meristici sono inve- Fig.2 ce quei dati presi in base 4 - Altezza della testa ai conteggi fatti su vari 5 - Larghezza interorbitale 6 - Lunghezza del muso elementi. Ad esempio sono 7 - Lunghezza della ma- dati meristici il numero di scella inferiore 8 - Lunghezza del pedicello raggi duri sulla pinna dor- premascellare sale od il numero di bran- 9 - Altezza della guancia 10 - Diametro dell’occhio chiospine. Nella fi gura 4, 11 - Larghezza lacrimale vengono spiegati certi vo- caboli che utilizzeremo in riferimento a dati meristi- ci. Altra cosa importante è capire cosa sono e dove si trovano certi organi del pe- Fig.2 sce, soprattutto quelli che si riferiscono all’apparato li che dovremmo utilizzare e quin- “masticatorio” che è preso di conoscere. Bisogna innanzi tutto avere pre- Fig.4 sente il signifi cato degli aggettivi “morfologico” e “meristico”. Fig.4 Le misurazioni, o i dati morfo- Ossa ed elementi dell’arco logici, sono appunto le misure o i branchiale rapporti tre esse, presi sul pesce. 1 - Osso feringobranchiale 2 - Osso epibranchiale Un esempio di dato morfologico è 3 - Osso ceratobranchiale la lunghezza standard o l’altezza 4 - Osso ipobranchiale 5 - Osso basibranchiale della testa o ancora il diametro 6 - Branchiospine dell’occhio. Per conoscere il signifi - 7 - Filamenti branchiali cato di alcuni dati morfologici dob- biamo far riferimento alle fi gure 1, 2 e 3 in grande considerazione per cata- Fig.3 logare le varie specie. In fi gura 5 vengono indicate le 12 - Lunghezza della mascel- posizioni degli elementi più impor- la fareingeale inferiore 13 - Larghezza della mascel- tanti che lo compongono. la fareingeale inferiore La fi gura 6 invece è importante 14 - Lunghezza dell’area dentigera (dei denti) per capire in modo particolare il 15 - Lunghezza dell’area signifi cato di alcuni vocaboli che dentigera useremo e che riguardano parti- colari ossa molto importanti nella 4 classifi cazione delle specie. Trewavasae ed Eccles nel 1989 Fig.3 hanno posto le basi dell’attuale classifi cazione dei ciclidi del Ma- Anno 2006 Fig.5 Schema dell’apparato ma- sticatorio di un ciclide 1 - Neurocranio 2 - Cavità oculare 3 - Mascella faringeale superiore 4 - Mascella faringeale inferiore 5 - Premascella 6 - Mascella inferiore 7 - Denti esterni Le aree in rosso indicano le fasce muscolari che fanno da supporto alle mascelle faringeali. Fig.5 lawi che è largamente basata sui le femmine e nei piccoli, un pedi- vari tipi di pigmentazione di base. cello premascellare allungato, che Questi sono senz’altro tra i carat- può essere esterofl esso in avanti teri più importanti per indicare i formando una bocca protrattile. rapporti di parentela tra i vari ge- Piccoli e fi tti denti sulla mascella neri. faringeale inferiore, ed un elevato Proprio nel 1989, Eccles e Trewa- numero (12-28) di branchiospine vas descrivevano il nuovo gene- sul primo ceratobranchiale. re Copadichromis (specie tipo Il genere inizialmente conteneva Fig.6 Haplochromis quadrimaculatus) 17 specie comprese le sette spe- Ossa della mascella e del Lago Malawi. Sono ciclidi, che cie originariamente descritte da del sospensorio di un si nutrono di plancton, di piccola Trewavas nel 1935: Haplochromis ciclidide. e media taglia. Gli ambienti che pleurostigma, H. eucinostomus, H. Abbreviazioni: frequentano sono sia quelli roccio- inornatus, H. cyaneus, H. prosto- AA, osso angoloarticolare; DN, osso dentale; si, sia la zona di transizione, sia ma, H. chrysonotus, H. quadrima- ECT, octoperigoide; l’acqua aperta. Sono caratterizzati culatus. END, endopterigoide; HM, iomomandibolare; dall’avere una bocca piccola, con Altre 10 specie, H. fl avimanus, MPT, metapterigoide; deboli mandibole, piccoli denti ri- H. mloto, H.
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