Prelims 3..16
Contents Preface to the First Edition xvii Preface to the Second Edition xix Preface to the Third Edition xx Preface to the Fourth Edition xxi Preface to the Fifth Edition xxii Hints on using the book xxiv Useful background information xxvi Part I: Foundation topics 1 Programme F.1 Arithmetic 3 Learning outcomes 3 Quiz F.1 4 Types of numbers ± The natural numbers, Numerals and place value, 5 Points on a line and order, The integers, Brackets, Addition and subtraction, Multiplication and division, Brackets and precedence rules, Basic laws ofarithmetic Revision summary 12 Revision exercise 13 Factors and prime numbers ± Factors, Prime numbers, Prime 14 factorization, Highest common factor (HCF), Lowest common multiple (LCM), Estimating, Rounding Revision summary 18 Revision exercise 18 Fractions ± Division of integers, Multiplying fractions, Of, Equivalent 20 fractions, Dividing fractions, Adding and subtracting fractions, Fractions on a calculator, Ratios, Percentages Revision summary 28 Revision exercise 28 Decimal numbers ± Division of integers, Rounding, Significant figures, 30 Decimal places, Trailing zeros, Fractions as decimals, Decimals as fractions, Unending decimals, Unending decimals as fractions, Rational, irrational and real numbers Revision summary 35 Revision exercise 35 Powers ± Raising a number to a power, The laws ofpowers, Powers on a 36 calculator, Fractional powers and roots, Surds, Multiplication and division by integer powers of10, Precedence rules, Standard form, Working in standard form, Using a calculator, Preferred
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