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Clement S. Stacy Memorial Undergraduate Research Conference Proceedings 27th Annual CLEMENT S. STACY MEMORIAL UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS F R I D A Y | A P R I L 1 2 , 2 0 1 9 College of Humanities, Education, and Social Sciences The Clement S. Stacy Undergraduate Research Conference, sponsored by the College of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences at Purdue University Northwest, was convened for the 27th consecutive year on April 12, 2019. We hosted students form Indiana, Illinois, Iowa, Michigan, Ohio, and Wisconsin. Research is an essential part of a university’s mission, and Purdue Northwest places great emphasis on affording undergraduates the opportunity to engage in research and disseminate their findings. At the conference, the students presented their research; they honed their skills in public speaking and scholarly presentations; and they responded to vigorous questioning from attendees. In the proceedings, students become authors, polishing research-writing skills such as analysis, synthesis, and citation of evidence. I am very pleased their work is published in this electronic proceedings, and I hope you enjoy reviewing the outstanding papers contained herein. To the faculty mentors, friends and family of the students, I send heartfelt thanks for your support of the students and their important work. I would also like to publically acknowledge Purdue Northwest’s Graduate Assistant Sonja Dimovski for her work in coordinating the conference, our Web & Events Coordinator Rachel Pollack, for her supervision, as well as CHESS Administrative Assistant Liz Rodriguez, Graduate Assistant Kirsten Markusic, and Student Clerical Worker Martha Gallegos for their assistance with the. Their efforts were crucial to the success of this year’s event. New developments were the addition of poster presentations, research projects by high school students for poster presentations, and the awards ceremony for best papers. We were excited to recognize Elizabeth Davis, Michelle Horton, and Kayla Vasilko for participating in the first poster session within the Clement S. Stacy Undergraduate Research Conference. We would like to thank those that submitted full papers for award consideration. Our winners were: 3rd Place Matthew Ruiz for his research paper titled “Explaining U.S. Foreign Aid to Israel”, 2nd Place Michelle Horton for her research paper titled “Parental Perception of Public Safety”, and 1st Place Kayla Vasilko and Joseph Stewart for their research paper titled “The Power of Kindness & Positivity in the College Environment.” I would also like to thank the faculty review committee, Dr. Mary Beth Connolly, Dr. Bethany Lee, Dr. Yu Ouyang, Dr. Christina Ragan, and Dr. Kelly Vaughan for helping make the conference a success. Again, congratulations to the authors of these papers. I very much hope to see you continue your excellent work in the liberal arts, education, and social sciences. Sincerely yours, Elaine K. Carey Elaine K. Carey, Ph.D. – Dean College of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences Purdue University Northwest 27th Annual Clement S. Stacy Undergraduate Research Conference Proceedings Table of Contents Culturally Responsive Teaching: A Dual Perspective………………………………………………1 Karlee Berglund Giovanna Urbina Purdue University Northwest Post Conflict Reconstruction……......................................................................................................18 Bowerman, Fanose Carroll University Ruin, Gothic Literature, and Living Conditions in Midwest Rust Belt Cities……………………...38 Butler, Trumere Purdue University Northwest Discriminatory Practices & Effects on Protest Participation..............................................................51 Castaneda, Paloma Purdue University Northwest Analysis of Latin American Literature through a Mathematical Lens ……………………….....….68 Cedeno, Hugo Purdue University Northwest Shirley Chisholm: Unbossed……………………………………………………………………….84 Clements, Elizabeth Purdue University Northwest Analyzing the Disaster in “Reflections on Little Rock”...................................................................100 Detmer, Arlo Grinnell College The Relationship between Parental Perceptions of Public Safety and Degree of Freedom Given to Children to be Away From Home…………………………………………………………...….....116 Horton, Michelle Purdue University Northwest World Languages in France……………………………………………………………………….127 Jones, Rachael Purdue University Northwest Women’s Political Consciousness in the Revolutionary Era…….........……………………..……142 McWaters, Aaron Purdue University Northwest An Investigation of the Isleño Spanish Dialect………………………….……………..….………156 Miloshoff, Andrew Purdue University Northwest i 27th Annual Clement S. Stacy Undergraduate Research Conference Proceedings Conceptualizing Perspective in Rural America: An analysis of individual assumptions and responses influenced by televised programming……………………………………………………………..167 Parker, Courtney Michigan State University American Women’s Wage War for Equal Pay and Work-Life Resources………………………………………………….…..……………………….…184 Rehn, BeLinda Purdue University Northwest What Turns on the Tap?.....................................................................................................................202 Matthew Ruiz Purdue University Northwest Peggy Guggenheim During World War II: Preserving a Generation of Art………………………221 Meghan Ruyle Illinois College The Power of Rhetoric: How the Idea of a Border Wall Incites Violence………………..………236 Salaza, Natalia Purdue University Northwest Documenting & Exhibiting T. Berry Brazelton’s Multidisciplinary Reach……………………....253 Hunter Saporiti Purdue University Northwest Does it Matter the Educator’s Race when Teaching about Race?..................................................273 Megan Schmidt Purdue University Northwest An Analysis of the Implications, Content, & Effectiveness of Sex Offender Registration & Notification Laws………………………………………………………………………….282 Kristen Smith Jacob Paulson Purdue University Northwest A Philosophical View of the Importance of Honesty in Romantic Relationships…………….......292 Kayla M. Vasilko Purdue University Northwest The Power of Kindness & Positivity in the College Environment …………..................................303 Kayla M. Vasilko Joseph T. Stewart Purdue University Northwest Language Creation, its Sound, & its Relationship to Gender & Culture…………………………..314 Brianna Zimmerman Purdue University Northwest ii 27th Annual Clement S. Stacy Undergraduate Research Conference Proceedings Culturally Responsive Teaching: A Dual Perspective Karlee Berglund Purdue University Northwest [email protected] Giovanna Urbina Purdue University Northwest [email protected] 1 | Page 27th Annual Clement S. Stacy Undergraduate Research Conference Proceedings Finding what it takes to tether each student to a path of success in the classroom is the primary job of educators. With classrooms growing more diverse every year, teachers are required to put time into finding out how they can best teach students from different backgrounds. Most in the field of education would agree there is a need for cultural responsiveness in the classroom. A major issue that plagues education today is that students of color who enter the classroom are feeling disconnected from the curriculum, the material, their peers, teachers, or the environment as a whole (or any combination of these factors). This leads to these students falling academically behind their peers and remaining there indefinitely. The implication is that these students may have the chance to thrive under different conditions, but currently are just surviving at best. What form those conditions that would best serve these students should take is a topic of ongoing debate. Educators want to do better for these students but doing so effectively has yet to become common practice. What brought the two of us to together for this project and fueled our passion for all this research were two poignant experiences in our individual lives that forever changed how we viewed the world. In the few following sections, we will each briefly explain these experiences. Gio’s Story What pivoted this moment for me was when I was in the seventh grade attending a school in an increasingly low socio-economic area and my teacher would sell chips, water and candy at the back of our classroom to buy textbooks. We were a class of 30 students and only had a handful of textbooks, forcing us to huddle together and share the materials. I remember 2 | Page 27th Annual Clement S. Stacy Undergraduate Research Conference Proceedings thinking how cool and fun it was to have access to all my favorite snacks during silent reading time but then it clicked in me. Do students in the fancy town over have to buy a bag of hot chips to get a textbook? Why did my friends and I have to spend a dollar every other day at school in hopes we would get a book in return? I remember our teacher would bring the jar of money out and show us much we collectively raised so we could buy books and we would cheer and dance in excitement. But the very moment that my teacher had to buy textbooks for our class was the second this all was wrong. Why didn’t my school provide any of these essential materials? This was my “aha” moment when I began to understand that because we lived in a poor neighborhood and we weren’t white we weren’t treated the same. Karlee’s Story As I gave the front desk security officer my ID, he asked if I had drawn the short straw. If he had asked me this once, he had asked me a dozen times. This was his same greeting each time I came to substitute teach
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