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Utilization of treated wood, steel, fibreglass, ferrocement and aluminium in the construction of modern fishing boats and their comparative cost analysis Item Type article Authors Balasubramanyan, R. Download date 03/10/2021 18:01:09 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/1834/33611 LIZ OF EATE OD, EGlASS, FERROCE E I E CO CTION F FISH I EIR CO E COST lYSIS. R. RALASUBRAMANYAN Central Institute of Fisheries Technology Croft & Gear Division, Cochin-11. Modern fishing boats have to be built not only on perfect Jines but also with sound and strong construction materials that will ensure a long lasting trouble free service commensurate with the heavy capital investment involved. Choice of construction materials for fishing boats need careful scrutiny as they have to perform too well under most aggressive environments- sea-water and marine atmosphere. A number of alternative boat-building materials are now available whose comparative merits and deme­ rits as well as comparative costs are brought out in this paper. INTRODUCTION gress of construction of these vessels and the programme of fleet expansion have been The Fishing Industry in India today, considerably retarded due to shortage of has assumed a v~ry great economic impor­ the required constructional materials and tance and our fishing fleet comprising of due to their spiraling high costs. Owning boats of different types, shapes and sizes, of fishing fleet now warrants heavy capi­ represent the larg~st single collective in­ tal investment against uncertain returns. vestment on whose efficient performance The fishing industry ·in India to-day has depends the economy of millions of people reached a stage where it is in need of and the lives of an untold number of technically, economically and socially sound fisherman. Apart from the innumerous propositions to develop her fishing fleet indigenous fishing crafts spread out aU further with special reference to the pro­ along our Indian coast line, there are grammed exploitation of the fishery re­ nearly 8000 mechanised wooden fishing sources of the deeper waters. It is not boats and about 50 ·steel trawlers active­ only a sound design, proper size or type ly engaged to-day in the exploitation of of fishing vessel that is the need of the the marine fishery resources of India. hour but also what exactly is the choice Nearly 5000 wooden trawlers and 200 of material that is required for their steel trawlers are likely to be added to construction. The need for an efficient the existing fleet of fishing vessels in the boat to stand all the rigorous conditions near future. However, of late, the pro- of fishing in the open sea with a rna- VoL X No 1 1973 33 'Balasulhamanyan: Utilization of treated mood, steel, fifheglass, (errocement and aluminium in tfre construction of medium fisf'ting boats and tfteir compa1·atiue analysis. ximum economy in its working and main­ demerits in the overall technological cha­ tenance under the existing operational con­ racteristics of each material has to be ditions in India has to be fulfilled as analysed in greater details and the best much as possible in the light of the tra­ characteristics of that material selected, ditional construction materials available has to be taken to greater advantage be­ like wood and steel as also the modern fore the final construction is decided. materials like Aluminium-alloy, Fibreglass The present paper is an attempt in the Reinforced Plastics (FRP) and "Ferroce above lines wherein the salient characteris­ ment" (steel and cement). tics of newer construction materials are brought out in comparison with the weB Before a careful selection of the pro­ known wood and steel along with their com­ per material for the construction of the parative cost analysis (Table I, II, III & IV). fishing vessels is made, both merits and TABLE I Approximat cost Normal service ~life Area where in Timber species in fishing -boats. use. per ft3/m 3 in long form. Untreated Teak 10 to 12 years Gujarat, Maharashtra. Rs 14 to 16/­ (Tectona grandis) Rs 484 to 565/- , " 10 to 12 years Andhra Pradesh Rs 15 to 18/­ Rs 530 to 635/- ,, 10 to 12 years Kerala, Mysore, Rs 25 to 30/- Tamil Nadu. Rs 883 to 1059 (- Kerala, Mysore, Untreated Aini Tamil Nadu, Rs 17 to 20/­ 10 to 12 years (Artocarpus hirsuta) Pondicherry & Rs 600 to 705/- Laccadives. Untreated Venteak (Lagerstroemia Lanceo­ Rs 7 to 8/­ 10 to 12 yerrs Kerala, Tamil Nadu. Rs to _ lata) 296 3381 (C.I. F.T. Finding) Seasoned and treated Untreated Rs 4 woods like mango Seasoning Rs 2 (Mangifera indica) A recommendation Treatment Rs 4 About 15 years. Haldu (Adina cardi­ for future use. Handing Rs 2 folia) Total Rs 12j- (C.I.F.T. finding) Rs 424/ms 34 FISHERY TECHNOLOGY < t;;J 0 " t""' ~ ~·;s I'! TABLE 2 COMPARATIVE COST OF BASIC RAW MATERIALS FOR BOAT CONSTRUCTION IN INDIA, 0'> ... :>< -~l:J (Based on 1971 Price Level) (\) :i z Q 0 0" 1::::s :; Q (/) :; :;- .. --------·--~----------------------~---~--~----~--------------------------------------- - Type of Specific Average hull Approximate cost per :::: " ("""' S.No. Remarks ~;:::' \0 hull gravity Thickness Ton 0 :.::..:. --....) ~ ..... w (/) "' 0 a.... .,_,._0 Considerable fluctuation in prices from region to ;s regin and from species to species. ~ ,, o.::... P... Teak wood : Rs 15--30 per Cu.foot in rounds. (1) .... ... ... Venteak wood; Rs 7-3 " , ;s (1) Boat building timber: ;::, Aini wood : Rs 17-22 " _<; 0.6-0.7 Rs 400-1500/- S d o, ~· ~ " ;:;:, easone o~ without faste- ;;· Cj . 11" Boat fastenings assorted: Treated Man-: Rs 12-13 , <0 0 , 0 mngs. ~ - 2f' 1 Wood Galvanized iron: go & Haldu 0'>-P... 0.9-0.95 with (37.5-62.5 mm) 0 Rs BOOO- 9000/- Price very much depands upon 0 the choice of me- (/) (/)..... - (1) fastenings. Copper/Brass: tal and surface coating: (1) 0 -- Rs 18,000-22,000/- Ordinary iron : Rs 2.50-3,50 ;:; per kg. ~:::- 0';> Galvanised iron ......... ;::.,g (Hot dip) Rs 7-8 :. S' . (/) Copper/Brass Rs 18-22 " , -"' Aluminized iron Rs 10/- , "0:;!--. ... (1) '1:l' ... Copper/Brass : Rs 18-22 p ... " ... 0 ;::, " - (1) Special · quolity high car­ ;· ::: Material· has restriced supply; very high (1) ;s(1) bon ship-building steel cost .... with retailers at 2 Steel 7.9 4-8 mm. 0 0 plates. (/)" ... ""- ... Rs 2000 to 2300/- per ton. ~ Rs 1600-1700/~ p ;:; p -::::0 - t:.:: :: (/) - .....~· ;· w :::: v-. Contd/ ;:: w I:X:l Q'< I 2 5 6 a. .,_=--=~-~,..,..,·y·~·.,...~-------~ .... t:l ;. "'<:: 'A'~ glass chopped strand o• .....~t:l '"' mat as per B.S. 3496/ t'>l ;s l;l 1962. (") :::: Tbe superior materials like 'E' variety of glass 0 <.:::: ;::; .. 300 g/M~ [J> ;:: fibre and Epoxy resins are still costlier in ::- ., 450 " India. ~ 600 ,, &~ Fibreglass 0 ~. 25,000/~ Price in foreign marKets: r:s !:":' 3 reinforced 1.4~1.8 10~20 mm. 750 , Fibreglass • Rs 14000/ = per ton 0 "!;. plastics. 30 ends wo- ~a· Resin - Rs 4000/ ~ " - ;:! ven roving; ;:: Cost will increase considerably with the slight u Q Polyester resin bl- ~ increase in hull thikness. (0 ;:: Rs 20,000/~ "' '"j..... II> .._,>:> ( Accelerater, Catalyst, .......... Pigments etc) "'i""l:l... "' ;;:· \';) g~ Mild steel rods , 0'>0 (,) l:l,. Rs 1100-1200/-per ton p - ..... Cement: (Jl "'..... (I) Rs 200-240/- " !:) ~ Price with retailere at Rs 2000/- per ton. ;s - Galvanized iron pipe : P-..._ 3 ,_. II'' Steel and cement content has to be maintain­ .... 4 "2' ..... '-"' Rs 3500/- per tons ~"( Ferro­ (Q (I) 2.4-2,6 ed at 1:4 by weight; excessive cement plas­ ..... '.J::l 4 (18.75- Galvanized iron chicken cement '"' 37.50 mm) tering over the reinforcement should be -"' wire machine made we­ ('\ "' discouraged. 0 ·"' bbing of 20 SWG: ;;!--. 't:7 (I) Rs 6500-7000/- per ton p "'I "'p '"j0 .... <) Good quality river ..... (I> ":rj ~ :! {/) sand extra. (I) -::p :::: (") l"l"l 0 - id Marine quality Alumini­ ~ t:l >< :::: um -magnesium alloy pla­ Range of magnesium content in the alloy: !:) P­ ~ ;:: tes and extrusions similar 2 to 5% c l:l g Aluminium 4- gmm. 5 2.5-2.7 c2'~ z -alloy to 5086, 5052 of U.S.A. Welding by metal Inert Gas or Tungsten Inert (I) = (I).... -.... ;:s ~ and 57S' E45S of Canada Gas and revtting with compatible alloys for best 0 ;::· Q at Rs. 12,500/-per ton. results. s >-< 1 7'-3" (17.10m. 5.40m. 2.2m.) s TABLE III CoNPARATIVE cosT ESTIMATION OF A 57' OAL :X 18 X :X X c:; t"" ~ FISHING TRAWLER MADE OUT OF DIFFERENT MATERIALS IN INDIA. ... p ;:l "' 0'0-= >< .... ""! (Approximate values + or - 10%) ~p "' 3 z Note - (1) Hull, deck and sup?r str~tcture inclusive. 0 () § 0\!;! Main engine, auxiliary deck fittings and fishing gear exclusive. ;:: p ..... (2) Estimation exclusively based on cost of rmv materials and ~;:: '"';:: .. \0 Labour but not inclusive of overheads and profits. ~~ 0........ .... w---.J ;s;;:' N Normol life in 1:>.... _0- S.No. Trawler details Price range 0 tropical waters· ;s ;i 0 0 P..."""' Steel trawler with aluminium sup~r structure All India Price ""!-"' 1 About 15 years ;::: ""! (Indig~n')m) Rs 5.50 L:tkhs (Ex.yard) "'0 ....."' -­"' P... ~ Rs 2.25 Lakhs in Gujerat area (Ex.yard) ~a 0 Rs 2.40 Lakhs in Andhra Pradesh (Ex. yard) 0 o-P... Wooden trawler (without hull sheathing) 0 " Rs 3.75 to 4.25 L:tkhs in Kerala, Mysore, p & Madras Pondicherry. About 10 to 12 "''"'""' (a) Conventional wooden trawler. -(1) "' years. 1:> -- Teak/ G.l. fastenings. ;:;: Rs 2.10 Lakhs (Ex.yard) p_,.,.... 2 .... 0'0 (b) Cheaper version of C.I.F.T' Venteak Cost of hull protection for the W:Joden trawler: ,..,._., treatd woJd wlf1 G.L Copper : Rs 38,000/- 10 to 12 years (1)\CJ~"' and other 1.
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  • Marine Advisory China Fishing Vessels 03-2017.Pdf

    Marine Advisory China Fishing Vessels 03-2017.Pdf

    8619 Westwood Center Drive Suite 300 THE REPUBLIC OF LIBERIA Vienna, Virginia 22182, USA Tel: +1 703 790 3434 LIBERIA MARITIME AUTHORITY Fax: +1 703 790 5655 Email: [email protected] Web: www.liscr.com 16 May 2017 Marine Advisory: 03/2017 SUBJECT: Precautions when Navigating Waters in and around Ningbo-Zhoushan, China Dear Owner, Operator, Master and Designated Person Ashore: Purpose The purpose of this Advisory is to bring attention to recent collisions involving Chinese fishing and Liberian flagged vessels and provide additional information to assist Master’s in safely navigating highly congested waters off Ningbo-Zhoushan in the East China Sea. These collisions occurred mostly at night or in fog conditions where visibility was restricted and additional lookouts were not engaged. Discussion The Chinese port Port of Ningbo-Zhoushan is located in Ningbo and Zhoushan on the coast of the East China Sea, in Zhejiang province and is ranked the busiest cargo port in the world. Large fleets of fishing junks may be encountered on the coast of China. The junks may not be carrying lights. They are solidly built and serious damage could be incurred by colliding with them. Fishing vessels vary from traditional rowing or sailing craft as little as 3m long to modern trawlers 15m long and over. We recently met with China Maritime Safety Administration (MSA) to review the collision cases and explore possible measures to help prevent similar casualties and loss of life. Attached is an Advisory prepared by Ningbo MSA that provides guidance for Master’s on navigating through the East China Sea and areas where there may be high concentrations of fishing vessels.