An Evolutionary Timescale for Terrestrial Isopods and a Lack of Molecular Support for the Monophyly of Oniscidea (Crustacea: Isopoda)
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The 2014 Golden Gate National Parks Bioblitz - Data Management and the Event Species List Achieving a Quality Dataset from a Large Scale Event
National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Natural Resource Stewardship and Science The 2014 Golden Gate National Parks BioBlitz - Data Management and the Event Species List Achieving a Quality Dataset from a Large Scale Event Natural Resource Report NPS/GOGA/NRR—2016/1147 ON THIS PAGE Photograph of BioBlitz participants conducting data entry into iNaturalist. Photograph courtesy of the National Park Service. ON THE COVER Photograph of BioBlitz participants collecting aquatic species data in the Presidio of San Francisco. Photograph courtesy of National Park Service. The 2014 Golden Gate National Parks BioBlitz - Data Management and the Event Species List Achieving a Quality Dataset from a Large Scale Event Natural Resource Report NPS/GOGA/NRR—2016/1147 Elizabeth Edson1, Michelle O’Herron1, Alison Forrestel2, Daniel George3 1Golden Gate Parks Conservancy Building 201 Fort Mason San Francisco, CA 94129 2National Park Service. Golden Gate National Recreation Area Fort Cronkhite, Bldg. 1061 Sausalito, CA 94965 3National Park Service. San Francisco Bay Area Network Inventory & Monitoring Program Manager Fort Cronkhite, Bldg. 1063 Sausalito, CA 94965 March 2016 U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Natural Resource Stewardship and Science Fort Collins, Colorado The National Park Service, Natural Resource Stewardship and Science office in Fort Collins, Colorado, publishes a range of reports that address natural resource topics. These reports are of interest and applicability to a broad audience in the National Park Service and others in natural resource management, including scientists, conservation and environmental constituencies, and the public. The Natural Resource Report Series is used to disseminate comprehensive information and analysis about natural resources and related topics concerning lands managed by the National Park Service. -
Global Diversity of Marine Isopods (Except Asellota and Crustacean Symbionts)
Collection Review Global Diversity of Marine Isopods (Except Asellota and Crustacean Symbionts) Gary C. B. Poore1*, Niel L. Bruce2,3 1 Museum Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 2 Museum of Tropical Queensland and School of Marine and Tropical Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia, 3 Department of Zoology, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, South Africa known from the supralittoral and intertidal to depths in excess of Abstract: The crustacean order Isopoda (excluding six kilometres. Isopods are a highly diverse group of crustaceans, Asellota, crustacean symbionts and freshwater taxa) with more than 10,300 species known to date, approximately comprise 3154 described marine species in 379 genera 6,250 of these being marine or estuarine. In the groups under in 37 families according to the WoRMS catalogue. The discussion here (about half the species) the vast majority of species history of taxonomic discovery over the last two centuries are known from depths of less than 1000 metres. is reviewed. Although a well defined order with the Peracarida, their relationship to other orders is not yet The Isopoda is one of the orders of peracarid crustaceans, that resolved but systematics of the major subordinal taxa is is, those that brood their young in a marsupium under the body. relatively well understood. Isopods range in size from less They are uniquely defined within Peracarida by the combination than 1 mm to Bathynomus giganteus at 365 mm long. of one pair of uropods attached to the pleotelson and pereopods of They inhabit all marine habitats down to 7280 m depth only one branch. Marine isopods are arguably the most but with few doubtful exceptions species have restricted morphologically diverse order of all the Crustacea. -
Changes in Species Composition of Haploniscidae (Crustacea Isopoda)
Progress in Oceanography 180 (2020) 102233 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Progress in Oceanography journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/pocean Changes in species composition of Haploniscidae (Crustacea: Isopoda) across T potential barriers to dispersal in the Northwest Pacific ⁎ Nele Johannsena,b, Lidia Linsa,b,c, Torben Riehla,b, Angelika Brandta,b, a Goethe University, Biosciences, Institute for Ecology, Evolution und Diversity, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany b Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, Marine Zoology, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany c Ghent University, Marine Biology Research Group, Krijgslaan 281/S8, 9000 Ghent, Belgium ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Speciation processes as drivers of biodiversity in the deep sea are still not fully understood. One potential driver Hadal for species diversification might be allopatry caused by geographical barriers, such as ridges or trenches, or Ecology physiological barriers associated with depth. We analyzed biodiversity and biogeography of 21 morphospecies of Sea of Okhotsk the deep-sea isopod family Haploniscidae to investigate barrier effects to species dispersal in the Kuril- Deep sea Kamchatka Trench (KKT) area in the Northwest (NW) Pacific. Our study is based on 2652 specimens from three Abyssal genera, which were collected during the German-Russian KuramBio I (2012) and II (2016) expeditions as well as Isopoda Kuril Kamchatka Trench the Russian-German SokhoBio (2015) campaign. The sampling area covered two potential geographical barriers Distribution (the Kuril Island archipelago and the Kuril-Kamchatka Trench), as well as three depth zones (bathyal, abyssal, Northwest Pacific hadal). We found significant differences in relative species abundance between abyssal and hadal depths. -
The Coume Ouarnède System, a Hotspot of Subterranean Biodiversity in Pyrenees (France)
diversity Article The Coume Ouarnède System, a Hotspot of Subterranean Biodiversity in Pyrenees (France) Arnaud Faille 1,* and Louis Deharveng 2 1 Department of Entomology, State Museum of Natural History, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany 2 Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), UMR7205, CNRS, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, 75005 Paris, France; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Located in Northern Pyrenees, in the Arbas massif, France, the system of the Coume Ouarnède, also known as Réseau Félix Trombe—Henne Morte, is the longest and the most complex cave system of France. The system, developed in massive Mesozoic limestone, has two distinct resur- gences. Despite relatively limited sampling, its subterranean fauna is rich, composed of a number of local endemics, terrestrial as well as aquatic, including two remarkable relictual species, Arbasus cae- cus (Simon, 1911) and Tritomurus falcifer Cassagnau, 1958. With 38 stygobiotic and troglobiotic species recorded so far, the Coume Ouarnède system is the second richest subterranean hotspot in France and the first one in Pyrenees. This species richness is, however, expected to increase because several taxonomic groups, like Ostracoda, as well as important subterranean habitats, like MSS (“Milieu Souterrain Superficiel”), have not been considered so far in inventories. Similar levels of subterranean biodiversity are expected to occur in less-sampled karsts of central and western Pyrenees. Keywords: troglobionts; stygobionts; cave fauna Citation: Faille, A.; Deharveng, L. The Coume Ouarnède System, a Hotspot of Subterranean Biodiversity in Pyrenees (France). Diversity 2021, 1. Introduction 13 , 419. https://doi.org/10.3390/ Stretching at the border between France and Spain, the Pyrenees are known as one d13090419 of the subterranean hotspots of the world [1]. -
"Philosciidae" (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea)
Org. Divers. Evol. 1, Electr. Suppl. 4: 1 -85 (2001) © Gesellschaft für Biologische Systematik http://www.senckenberg.uni-frankfurt.de/odes/01-04.htm Phylogeny and Biogeography of South American Crinocheta, traditionally placed in the family "Philosciidae" (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea) Andreas Leistikow1 Universität Bielefeld, Abteilung für Zoomorphologie und Systematik Received 15 February 2000 . Accepted 9 August 2000. Abstract South America is diverse in climatic and thus vegetational zonation, and even the uniformly looking tropical rain forests are a mosaic of different habitats depending on the soils, the regional climate and also the geological history. An important part of the nutrient webs of the rain forests is formed by the terrestrial Isopoda, or Oniscidea, the only truly terrestrial taxon within the Crustacea. They are important, because they participate in soil formation by breaking up leaf litter when foraging on the fungi and bacteria growing on them. After a century of research on this interesting taxon, a revision of the terrestrial isopod taxa from South America and some of the Antillean Islands, which are traditionally placed in the family Philosciidae, was performed in the last years to establish monophyletic genera. Within this study, the phylogenetic relationships of these genera are elucidated in the light of phylogenetic systematics. Several new taxa are recognized, which are partially neotropical, partially also found on other continents, particularly the old Gondwanian fragments. The monophyla are checked for their distributional patterns which are compared with those patterns from other taxa from South America and some correspondence was found. The distributional patterns are analysed with respect to the evolution of the Oniscidea and also with respect to the geological history of their habitats. -
Crustacea, Malacostraca)*
SCI. MAR., 63 (Supl. 1): 261-274 SCIENTIA MARINA 1999 MAGELLAN-ANTARCTIC: ECOSYSTEMS THAT DRIFTED APART. W.E. ARNTZ and C. RÍOS (eds.) On the origin and evolution of Antarctic Peracarida (Crustacea, Malacostraca)* ANGELIKA BRANDT Zoological Institute and Zoological Museum, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany Dedicated to Jürgen Sieg, who silently died in 1996. He inspired this research with his important account of the zoogeography of the Antarctic Tanaidacea. SUMMARY: The early separation of Gondwana and the subsequent isolation of Antarctica caused a long evolutionary his- tory of its fauna. Both, long environmental stability over millions of years and habitat heterogeneity, due to an abundance of sessile suspension feeders on the continental shelf, favoured evolutionary processes of “preadapted“ taxa, like for exam- ple the Peracarida. This taxon performs brood protection and this might be one of the most important reasons why it is very successful (i.e. abundant and diverse) in most terrestrial and aquatic environments, with some species even occupying deserts. The extinction of many decapod crustaceans in the Cenozoic might have allowed the Peracarida to find and use free ecological niches. Therefore the palaeogeographic, palaeoclimatologic, and palaeo-hydrographic changes since the Palaeocene (at least since about 60 Ma ago) and the evolutionary success of some peracarid taxa (e.g. Amphipoda, Isopo- da) led to the evolution of many endemic species in the Antarctic. Based on a phylogenetic analysis of the Antarctic Tanaidacea, Sieg (1988) demonstrated that the tanaid fauna of the Antarctic is mainly represented by phylogenetically younger taxa, and data from other crustacean taxa led Sieg (1988) to conclude that the recent Antarctic crustacean fauna must be comparatively young. -
Woodlice in Britain and Ireland: Distribution and Habitat Is out of Date Very Quickly, and That They Will Soon Be Writing the Second Edition
• • • • • • I att,AZ /• •• 21 - • '11 n4I3 - • v., -hi / NT I- r Arty 1 4' I, • • I • A • • • Printed in Great Britain by Lavenham Press NERC Copyright 1985 Published in 1985 by Institute of Terrestrial Ecology Administrative Headquarters Monks Wood Experimental Station Abbots Ripton HUNTINGDON PE17 2LS ISBN 0 904282 85 6 COVER ILLUSTRATIONS Top left: Armadillidium depressum Top right: Philoscia muscorum Bottom left: Androniscus dentiger Bottom right: Porcellio scaber (2 colour forms) The photographs are reproduced by kind permission of R E Jones/Frank Lane The Institute of Terrestrial Ecology (ITE) was established in 1973, from the former Nature Conservancy's research stations and staff, joined later by the Institute of Tree Biology and the Culture Centre of Algae and Protozoa. ITE contributes to, and draws upon, the collective knowledge of the 13 sister institutes which make up the Natural Environment Research Council, spanning all the environmental sciences. The Institute studies the factors determining the structure, composition and processes of land and freshwater systems, and of individual plant and animal species. It is developing a sounder scientific basis for predicting and modelling environmental trends arising from natural or man- made change. The results of this research are available to those responsible for the protection, management and wise use of our natural resources. One quarter of ITE's work is research commissioned by customers, such as the Department of Environment, the European Economic Community, the Nature Conservancy Council and the Overseas Development Administration. The remainder is fundamental research supported by NERC. ITE's expertise is widely used by international organizations in overseas projects and programmes of research. -
Report on the Bmig Field Meeting at Haltwhistle 2014
Bulletin of the British Myriapod & Isopod Group Volume 30 (2018) REPORT ON THE BMIG FIELD MEETING AT HALTWHISTLE 2014 Paul Lee1, A.D. Barber2 and Steve J. Gregory3 1 Little Orchard, Bentley, Ipswich, Suffolk, IP9 2DW, UK. E-mail: [email protected] 2 7 Greenfield Drive, Ivybridge, Devon, PL21 0UG. E-mail: [email protected] 3 4 Mount Pleasant Cottages, Church Street, East Hendred, Oxfordshire, OX12 8LA, UK. E-mail: [email protected] INTRODUCTION The 2014 BMIG field weekend, held from 24th to 27th April, was based at Saughy Rigg, half a mile north of Hadrian’s Wall, near Haltwhistle in Northumberland but very close to the border with Cumbria to the west and Scotland to the north. The main aim of the meeting was to record in central areas of northern England (VC 66, 67 and 70) where few records existed previously but many attendees were drawn also to sites on the east coast of England (VC 66) and to the Scottish coast on the Solway Firth (VC 73). All these vice counties had been visited by BMG/BISG or BMIG in the previous twenty years but large parts of them remained under-recorded. The annual joint field meeting of BMG and BISG in 1995 was held at Rowrah Hall near Whitehaven (VC 70). Gregory (1995) reports 24 millipede species found during the weekend including Choneiulus palmatus new to VC 70. A list of the centipede appears not to have been published. Bilton (1995) reports 14 woodlouse species including Eluma caelata found at Maryport, its most northerly global location, and Armadillidium pictum in the Borrowdale oakwoods. -
Lack of Taxonomic Differentiation in An
ARTICLE IN PRESS Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution xxx (2005) xxx–xxx www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev Lack of taxonomic diVerentiation in an apparently widespread freshwater isopod morphotype (Phreatoicidea: Mesamphisopidae: Mesamphisopus) from South Africa Gavin Gouws a,¤, Barbara A. Stewart b, Conrad A. Matthee a a Evolutionary Genomics Group, Department of Botany and Zoology, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa b Centre of Excellence in Natural Resource Management, University of Western Australia, 444 Albany Highway, Albany, WA 6330, Australia Received 20 December 2004; revised 2 June 2005; accepted 2 June 2005 Abstract The unambiguous identiWcation of phreatoicidean isopods occurring in the mountainous southwestern region of South Africa is problematic, as the most recent key is based on morphological characters showing continuous variation among two species: Mesam- phisopus abbreviatus and M. depressus. This study uses variation at 12 allozyme loci, phylogenetic analyses of 600 bp of a COI (cyto- chrome c oxidase subunit I) mtDNA fragment and morphometric comparisons to determine whether 15 populations are conspeciWc, and, if not, to elucidate their evolutionary relationships. Molecular evidence suggested that the most easterly population, collected from the Tsitsikamma Forest, was representative of a yet undescribed species. Patterns of diVerentiation and evolutionary relation- ships among the remaining populations were unrelated to geographic proximity or drainage system. Patterns of isolation by distance were also absent. An apparent disparity among the extent of genetic diVerentiation was also revealed by the two molecular marker sets. Mitochondrial sequence divergences among individuals were comparable to currently recognized intraspeciWc divergences. Sur- prisingly, nuclear markers revealed more extensive diVerentiation, more characteristic of interspeciWc divergences. -
OREGON ESTUARINE INVERTEBRATES an Illustrated Guide to the Common and Important Invertebrate Animals
OREGON ESTUARINE INVERTEBRATES An Illustrated Guide to the Common and Important Invertebrate Animals By Paul Rudy, Jr. Lynn Hay Rudy Oregon Institute of Marine Biology University of Oregon Charleston, Oregon 97420 Contract No. 79-111 Project Officer Jay F. Watson U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 500 N.E. Multnomah Street Portland, Oregon 97232 Performed for National Coastal Ecosystems Team Office of Biological Services Fish and Wildlife Service U.S. Department of Interior Washington, D.C. 20240 Table of Contents Introduction CNIDARIA Hydrozoa Aequorea aequorea ................................................................ 6 Obelia longissima .................................................................. 8 Polyorchis penicillatus 10 Tubularia crocea ................................................................. 12 Anthozoa Anthopleura artemisia ................................. 14 Anthopleura elegantissima .................................................. 16 Haliplanella luciae .................................................................. 18 Nematostella vectensis ......................................................... 20 Metridium senile .................................................................... 22 NEMERTEA Amphiporus imparispinosus ................................................ 24 Carinoma mutabilis ................................................................ 26 Cerebratulus californiensis .................................................. 28 Lineus ruber ......................................................................... -
Hepatopancreatic Endosymbionts in Coastal Isopods (Crustacea: Isopoda)
Marine Biology 2001) 138: 955±963 Ó Springer-Verlag 2001 M. Zimmer á J. P. Danko á S. C. Pennings A. R. Danford á A. Ziegler á R. F. Uglow á T. H. Carefoot Hepatopancreatic endosymbionts in coastal isopods Crustacea: Isopoda), and their contribution to digestion Received: 28 August 2000 / Accepted: 8 December 2000 Abstract Three isopod species Crustacea: Isopoda), phenolic compounds was most developed in one of the commonly found in the intertidal and supratidal zones more marine species, suggesting that this trait may have of the North American Paci®c coast, were studied with evolved independently in isopod species that consume a respect to symbiotic microbiota in their midgut glands phenolic-rich diet, whether in marine habitats or on hepatopancreas). Ligia pallasii Oniscidea: Ligiidae) land. contained high numbers of microbialsymbionts in its hepatopancreatic caeca. Numbers of endosymbionts were strongly reduced by ingestion of antibiotics. By contrast, Introduction the hepatopancreas of Idotea wosnesenskii Valvifera: Idoteidae) and Gnorimosphaeroma oregonense Sphae- Endosymbionts are well known to play a key role in the romatidea: Sphaeromatidae) did not contain any mic- digestive processes of many terrestrialspecies summa- robiota. Results of feeding experiments suggest that rized in Martin 1983; Slaytor 1992; Breznak and Brune microbialendosymbionts contribute to digestive pro- 1994); however, their role in marine invertebrate species cesses in L. pallasii, the most terrestrialof the three is poorly understood. While studies have shown that gut isopods that we studied. The acquisition of digestion- microbiota exist in some marine invertebrates, know- enhancing endosymbionts may have been an important ledge of their nutritional role is scanty cf. -
BMC Biology Biomed Central
BMC Biology BioMed Central Research article Open Access The diversity of reproductive parasites among arthropods: Wolbachia do not walk alone Olivier Duron*1, Didier Bouchon2, Sébastien Boutin2, Lawrence Bellamy1, Liqin Zhou1, Jan Engelstädter1,3 and Gregory D Hurst4 Address: 1University College London, Department of Biology, Stephenson Way, London NW1 2HE, UK, 2Université de Poitiers, Ecologie Evolution Symbiose, UMR CNRS 6556, Avenue du Recteur Pineau, 86022 Poitiers, France, 3Institute of Integrative Biology (IBZ), ETH Zurich, Universitätsstrasse, ETH Zentrum, CHN K12.1, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland and 4University of Liverpool, School of Biological Sciences, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK Email: Olivier Duron* - [email protected]; Didier Bouchon - [email protected]; Sébastien Boutin - [email protected]; Lawrence Bellamy - [email protected]; Liqin Zhou - [email protected]; Jan Engelstädter - [email protected]; Gregory D Hurst - [email protected] * Corresponding author Published: 24 June 2008 Received: 10 March 2008 Accepted: 24 June 2008 BMC Biology 2008, 6:27 doi:10.1186/1741-7007-6-27 This article is available from: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1741-7007/6/27 © 2008 Duron et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Background: Inherited bacteria have come to be recognised as important components of arthropod biology. In addition to mutualistic symbioses, a range of other inherited bacteria are known to act either as reproductive parasites or as secondary symbionts.