Modeling Flood Peak Discharge Caused by Overtopping Failure of a Landslide Dam
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
DEC Avalanche Preparedness in the Adirondacks Brochure (PDF)
BASIC AVALANCHE AWARENESS ADDITIONAL RESOURCES New York State Department of This brochure is designed to let the recreational Organizations Environmental Conservation user know that avalanche danger does exist in New York and gives basic ideas of what to look for U.S. Forest Service Avalanche Center PO Box 2356 and avoid. To learn more about avalanche Ketchum, Idaho, 83340 awareness consider attending professional Office Phone: (208) 622-0088 courses, reading and experience. www.fsavalanche.org Avalanche Westwide Avalanche Network Preparedness in the www.avalanche.org 1. Know basic avalanche rescue techniques. American Avalanche Association Adirondacks 2. Check the snow depth. www.avalanche.org/~aaap 3. Check how much new snow has fallen. Books 4. Practice safe route finding. Mountaineering: The Freedom of the Hills Published by The Mountaineer Books 5. Check the degree of the slope. Snow Sense: A Guide to Evaluating Snow Avalanche Hazard Published by Alaska Mountain Safety Center, Inc. 6. Check the terrain. 7. Carry basic avalanche rescue equipment. Thank You For Your 8. Never travel alone. Cooperation 9. Let someone know where you are going. NYSDEC - Region 5 Ray Brook, New York 12977 10. Do not be afraid to turn around. (518) 897-1200 Emergency Dispatch Number: (518) 891-0235 11. Use common sense. Visit the DEC Website at www.dec.ny.gov Photograph by: Ryland Loos Photograph by: Ryland Loos WHAT IS AN AVALANCHE? HOW CAN YOU KEEP FROM GETTING CAUGHT WHAT DO YOU DO WHEN CAUGHT IN AN IN AN AVALANCHE? AVALANCHE? An avalanche is a mass of snow sliding down a mountainside. Avalanches are also called You can reliably avoid avalanches by recognizing Surviving avalanches can depend on luck, but it is snowslides; there is no difference in these terms. -
Hydropower in China
Hydro power in China DEPARTMENTOFTECHNOLOGYAND BUILTENVIRONMENT Hydropower in China Jie Cai September 2009 Master’s Thesis in Energy System Program Examiner: Alemayehu Gebremedhin Supervisor: Alemayehu Gebremedhin 1 Hydro power in China Acknowledgement This master thesis topic is Hydropower in China. After several months’ efforts, I have finally brought this thesis into existence. Firstly, I appreciated the opportunity to write this topic with my supervisor, Alemayehu Gebremedhin. I would like to thank him for attention and helped me. He is instrumental and without his honest support or guidance, my thesis would not be possible. Secondly, I would like to thank my opponent Yinhao Lu. Thirdly, I would like to thank my uncle, aunt from Australia. They helped me translate the websites and correction grammar. Lastly, I acknowledge with gratitude the contributions of the scholars, presses and journals that I have frequently referred to for relevant first-hand data. I hope that readers would find this thesis somewhat useful. In addition, I promise that there are no copies in my thesis. Jie Cai September 2009 2 Hydro power in China Abstract Today, with the great development of science and technology, it seems to be more and more important to develop renewable energy sources. In this thesis, I would like to introduce something about Chinese water resources. The renewable energy sources can generate electricity. Furthermore, hydropower is the most often used energy in the world. Hydropower develops quickly in recent years in China and it is significant to Chinese industries. The data collection in this paper comes from China Statistics Yearbook and this study draws on the existing literature, which projects Chinese future hydropower development. -
The Politics of Information in Famine Early Warning A
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO Fixing Famine: The Politics of Information in Famine Early Warning A Dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the Requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Communication by Suzanne M. M. Burg Committee in Charge: Professor Robert B. Horwitz, Chair Professor Geoffrey C. Bowker Professor Ivan Evans Professor Gary Fields Professor Martha Lampland 2008 Copyright Suzanne M. M. Burg, 2008 All rights reserved. The Dissertation of Suzanne M. M. Burg is approved, and it is acceptable in quality and form for publication on microfilm: _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ Chair University of California, San Diego 2008 iii DEDICATION For my past and my future Richard William Burg (1932-2007) and Emma Lucille Burg iv EPIGRAPH I am hungry, O my mother, I am thirsty, O my sister, Who knows my sufferings, Who knows about them, Except my belt! Amharic song v TABLE OF CONTENTS Signature Page……………………………………………………………………. iii Dedication……………………………………………………………………….. iv Epigraph…………………………………………………………………………. v Table of Contents………………………………………………………………... vi List of Acronyms………………………………………………………………… viii List of Figures……………………………………………………………………. xi List of Tables…………………………………………………………………….. xii Acknowledgments……………………………………………………………….. xiii Vita………………………………………………………………………………. -
Investigating the El Capitan Rock Avalanche
BY GREG STOCK INVESTIGATING THE EL CapITAN ROCK AVALANCHE t 2:25 on the morning of March 26, 1872, one of avalanche, an especially large rockfall or rockslide that the largest earthquakes recorded in California extends far beyond the cliff where it originated. Most Ahistory struck along the Owens Valley fault near Yosemite Valley rockfall debris accumulates at the base the town of Lone Pine just east of the Sierra Nevada. The of the cliffs, forming a wedge-shaped deposit of talus. earthquake leveled most buildings in Lone Pine and sur- Occasionally, however, debris from a rock avalanche will rounding settlements, and killed 23 people. Although extend out much farther across the valley floor. seismographs weren’t yet available, the earthquake is esti- Geologist Gerald Wieczorek of the U.S. Geological mated to have been about a magnitude 7.5. Shock waves Survey and colleagues have identified at least five rock from the tembler radiated out across the Sierra Nevada. avalanche deposits in Yosemite Valley. The largest of these On that fateful morning, John Muir was sleeping in occurred in Tenaya Canyon, at the site of present-day a cabin near Black’s Hotel on the south side of Yosemite Mirror Lake. Sometime in the past, a rock formation on Valley, near present-day Swinging Bridge. The earth- the north wall of the canyon just east of and probably quake shook the naturalist out of bed. Realizing what similar in size to Washington Column collapsed into was happening, Muir bolted outside, feeling “both glad Tenaya Canyon. The rock debris piled up against the and frightened” and shouting “A noble earthquake!” He south canyon wall to a depth of over 100 feet. -
Controlled Avalanche – a Regulated Voluntary Exposure Approach for Addressing
medRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.12.20062687; this version posted April 22, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. 1 Controlled Avalanche – A Regulated Voluntary Exposure Approach for Addressing 2 Covid-19 ₤ 3 Eyal Klement1* DVM, Alon Klement2 SJD, David Chinitz3 PhD, Alon Harel4 Dphill, Eyal 4 Fattal5 PhD, Ziv Klausner5 PhD 5 6 1. Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Public 7 Health, the Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel 8 2. Buchmann Faculty of Law, Tel-Aviv University, Israel 9 3. Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Hebrew 10 University, Jerusalem, Israel 11 4. Phillip and Estelle Mizock Chair in Administrative and Criminal Law, The Faculty of 12 Law, the Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel 13 5. Department of Applied Mathematics, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness- 14 Ziona, Israel 15 ₤ 16 All authors contributed equally to the manuscript 17 18 * Corresponding author: 19 Address: Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of 20 Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, POB 12, 21 Rehovot 76100, Israel. 22 Tel: 972-8-9489560. Fax: 972-8-9489634 23 E-mail: [email protected] 24 25 NOTE: This preprint reports new research that has not been certified by peer review and should not be used to guide clinical practice. medRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.12.20062687; this version posted April 22, 2020. -
Avalanche Safety Tips
Submit Education Center | Photo Gallery Contents Avalanche Awareness: 1. Why avalanche awareness? Surviving an avalanche 2. Who gets caught in avalanches? A true account 3. When and where avalanches happen 4. Anatomy of an avalanche Avalanche Books 5. Avalanche factors: what conditions cause an avalanche? Credits & Citations 6. How to determine if the snowpack is safe 7. Avalanche gear For more information, see our 8. Tips for avalanche survival list of other avalanche sites 9. Avalanche danger scale 10. Avalanche quick checks 1. Why avalanche awareness? Mountains attract climbers, skiers and tourists who scramble up and down the slopes, hoping to conquer peaks, each in their own way. Yet, to do this they must enter the timeless haunt of avalanches. For centuries, mountain dwellers and travelers have had to reckon with the deadly forces of snowy torrents descending with lightning speed down mountainsides. Researchers and experts are making progress in detection, prevention and safety measures, but avalanches still take their deadly toll throughout the world. Each year, avalanches claim more than 150 lives worldwide, a number that has been increasing over the © Richard Armstrong past few decades. Thousands more are caught in avalanches, partly buried or injured. Everyone from An avalanche in motion. snowmobilers to skiers to highway motorists are (Photograph courtesy of caught in the "White Death." Most are fortunate Richard Armstrong, National enough to survive. Snow and Ice Data Center.) This is meant to be a brief guide about the basics of avalanche awareness and safety. For more in depth information, several sources are listed under "More avalanche resources" in the last section of these pages. -
List 3. Headings That Need to Be Changed from the Machine- Converted Form
LIST 3. HEADINGS THAT NEED TO BE CHANGED FROM THE MACHINE- CONVERTED FORM The data dictionary for the machine conversion of subject headings was prepared in summer 2000 based on the systematic romanization of Wade-Giles terms in existing subject headings identified as eligible for conversion before detailed examination of the headings could take place. When investigation of each heading was subsequently undertaken, it was discovered that some headings needed to be revised to forms that differed from the forms that had been given in the data dictionary. This occurred most frequently when older headings no longer conformed to current policy, or in the case of geographic headings, when conflicts were discovered using current geographic reference sources, for example, the listing of more than one river or mountain by the same name in China. Approximately 14% of the subject headings in the pinyin conversion project were revised differently than their machine- converted forms. To aid in bibliographic file maintenance, the following list of those headings is provided. In subject authority records for the revised headings, Used For references (4XX) coded Anne@ in the $w control subfield for earlier form of heading have been supplied for the data dictionary forms as well as the original forms of the headings. For example, when you see: Chien yao ware/ converted to Jian yao ware/ needs to be manually changed to Jian ware It means: The subject heading Chien yao ware was converted to Jian yao ware by the conversion program; however, that heading now -
1 Snow-Avalanche Impact Craters in Southern Norway: Their Morphology and 2 Dynamics Compared with Small Terrestrial Meteorite Craters
1 Snow-avalanche impact craters in southern Norway: their morphology and 2 dynamics compared with small terrestrial meteorite craters. 3 4 5 John A. Matthews1*, Geraint Owen1, Lindsey J. McEwen2, Richard A. Shakesby1, 6 Jennifer L. Hill2, Amber E. Vater1 and Anna C. Ratcliffe1 7 8 1 Department of Geography, College of Science, Swansea University, Singleton Park, 9 Swansea SA2 8PP, Wales, UK 10 11 2 Department of Geography and Environmental Management, University of the West 12 of England, Frenchay Campus, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK 13 14 15 * Corresponding author: [email protected] 16 17 18 ABSTRACT 19 20 This regional inventory and study of a globally uncommon landform type reveals 21 similarities in form and process between craters produced by snow-avalanche and 22 meteorite impacts. Fifty-two snow-avalanche impact craters (mean diameter 85 m, 23 range 10–185 m) were investigated through field research, aerial photographic 24 interpretation and analysis of topographic maps. The craters are sited on valley 25 bottoms or lake margins at the foot of steep avalanche paths (α = 28–59°), generally 26 with an easterly aspect, where the slope of the final 200 m of the avalanche path (β) 27 typically exceeds ~15°. Crater diameter correlates with the area of the avalanche start 28 zone, which points to snow-avalanche volume as the main control on crater size. 29 Proximal erosional scars (‘blast zones’) up to 40 m high indicate up-range ejection of 30 material from the crater, assisted by air-launch of the avalanches and impulse waves 31 generated by their impact into water-filled craters. -
Jeff Lukas, Western Water Assessment CIRES, University of Colorado Boulder Image: Shaune Goleman
http://wwa.colorado.edu Snowpocalypse A 2019 feast after a 2018 famine 2019 Annual Seminar Colorado River District Grand Junction, CO – September 18, 2019 Jeff Lukas, Western Water Assessment CIRES, University of Colorado Boulder Image: Shaune Goleman http://wwa.colorado.edu US Drought Monitor for Upper Colorado River Basin October 2, 2018 Source: US Drought Monitor; https://droughtmonitor.unl.edu/ http://wwa.colorado.edu CBRFC modeled antecedent soil moisture – Nov 2018 • Much below normal almost everywhere in Upper Basin • Near-record-low in San Juan and Gunnison basins Source: NOAA CBRFC; https://www.cbrfc.noaa.gov/ http://wwa.colorado.edu CBRFC forecast evolution plot – Lake Powell Apr-Jul inflows 10.40 maf 9.20 maf 4.55 maf Source: NOAA CBRFC; https://www.cbrfc.noaa.gov/wsup/ http://wwa.colorado.edu February – persistent trough, favorable flow http://wwa.colorado.edu March 1st-15th – persistent trough, favorable flow http://wwa.colorado.edu Rank of Feb-Mar 2019 precip at SNOTEL sites Source: NRCS Interactive Map; https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/wcc/home/quicklinks/imap http://wwa.colorado.edu “Historic” avalanche cycle in early March in CO mts From February 28th - March 10th: • 10-15 feet of snow • 6”-12” of SWE • Avalanche activity not seen since 1950s Conundrum Creek slide down Highlands Ridge, Aspen Source: Colorado Avalanche Information Center, from Telluride Helitrax http://wwa.colorado.edu Feb-Mar Upper Basin precip, 1900-2019 2019 Source: NOAA NCEI Climate at a Glance; https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/cag/ http://wwa.colorado.edu -
The Framework on Eco-Efficient Water Infrastructure Development in China
KICT-UNESCAP Eco-Efficient Water Infrastructure Project The Framework on Eco-efficient Water Infrastructure Development in China (Final-Report) General Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Planning and Design, Ministry of Water Resources, China December 2009 Contents 1. WATER RESOURCES AND WATER INFRASTRUCTURE PRESENT SITUATION AND ITS DEVELOPMENT IN CHINA ............................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 CHARACTERISTICS OF WATER RESOURCES....................................................................................................... 6 1.2 WATER USE ISSUES IN CHINA .......................................................................................................................... 7 1.3 FOUR WATER RESOURCES ISSUES FACED BY CHINA .......................................................................................... 8 1.4 CHINA’S PRACTICE IN WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT................................................................................10 1.4.1 Philosophy change of water resources management...............................................................................10 1.4.2 Water resources management system .....................................................................................................12 1.4.3 Environmental management system for water infrastructure construction ..............................................13 1.4.4 System of water-draw and utilization assessment ...................................................................................13 -
Session 6. Flood Risk Management September 29, 2016 Room 424
Session 6. Flood risk management September 29, 2016 Room 424 6.1 Theories, methods and technologies of hydrological forecasts 14.00–14.201. The new paradigm in hydrological forecasting (ensemble predictions and their improving based on assimilation of observation data) Lev Kuchment, Victor Demidov (RAS Institute of Water Problem, Russia) 14.20–14.402. The hydrological forecast models of the Siberian rivers water regime Dmitry Burakov (Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University, Krasnoyarsk Center for Hydrometeorology and Monitoring of the Environment, Russia), Evgeniya Karepova (Institute of Computational Modeling, Siberian Branch of RAS, Russia) 14.40–15.003. Short-term forecasts method of water inflow into Bureyskaya reservoir Yury Motovilov (RAS Institute of Water Problems, Russia), Victor Balyberdin (SKM Market Predictor, Russia), Boris Gartsman, Alexander Gelfan (RAS Institute of Water Problems, Russia), Timur Khaziakhmetov (RusHydro Group, Russia), Vsevolod Moreydo (RAS Institute of Water Problems, Russia), Oleg Sokolov (Far Eastern Regional Hydrometeorological Research Institute, Russia) 15.00–15.204. Forecast of spring floods on the upper Ob river Alexander Zinoviev, Vladimir Galаkhov, Konstantin Koshelev (Institute of Water and Environmental Problems, Siberian Branch of RAS, Russia) 15.20–15.405. Regional hydrological model: the infrastructure and framework for hydrological prediction and forecasting Andrei Bugaets (RAS Institute of Water Problems, Far Eastern Regional Research Hydrometeorological Institute, Russia), Boris Gartsman -
Multi-Pollutant Assessment for China
Multi-pollutant assessment for China M.Sc. student: Ziqing Ye Registration number: 960619980060 Co-supervisors: Dr. Maryna Strokal; Asst. Prof. Dr. Nynke Hofstra Examiner: Asst. Prof. Dr. Nynke Hofstra Multi-pollutant assessment for China Ziqing Ye MSc Thesis in Environmental Systems Analysis March 2020 Supervisors: Dr. Maryna Strokal Asst. Prof. Dr. Nynke Hofstra Examiner: Asst. Prof. Dr. Nynke Hofstra Disclaimer: This report is produced as a MSc thesis by a student of Wageningen University in Environmental Systems Analysis group. It is not an official publication of Wageningen University and Research. The content of this thesis does not represent any formal position of Wageningen University and Research. Copyright © 2020 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, without the prior consent of the Environmental Systems Analysis group of Wageningen University and Research. Acknowledgements: I would like to express my greatest appreciation to my supervisors, dr. Maryna Strokal & Asst. Prof. Dr. Nynke Hofstra, for their patience and guidance. I would like to express thanks to meditation, which made me patient and gave me strength when I encountered difficulties of this thesis. Summary Due to socio-economic developments and population growth, the surface water quality has been worsened in China. Models are useful tools to better understand the trends in water pollution, its causes and explore solutions. However, the water quality issues of Chinese rivers are not just related with one individual group of pollutants. Different pollutants in rivers from common sources might generate combined impacts on water quality, which is not accounted for in the existing individual pollutant models.