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Liublinas – Lietuvos Ir Lenkijos Unijos Miestas Lublin

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Liublinas – Lietuvos Ir Lenkijos Unijos Miestas Lublin Liublinas – Lietuvos ir Lenkijos unijos miestas Lublin – City of the Union of Lithuania and Poland Lublin – miasto unii Litwy i Polski Liublinas – Lietuvos ir Lenkijos unijos miestas Lublin – City of the Union of Lithuania and Poland Lublin – miasto unii Litwy i Polski sudarytojai Andrzej Frejlich, Anna Hałata ir Bożena Kasperowicz edited by Andrzej Frejlich, Anna Hałata and Bożena Kasperowicz pod redakcją Andrzeja Frejlicha, Anny Hałaty i Bożeny Kasperowicz Tarptautinės parodos katalogas International exhibition catalogue Katalog międzynarodowej wystawy 2019 m. liepos 6–lapkričio 24 d. 6 July–24 November 2019 6 lipca–24 listopada 2019 GARBĖS GLOBĖJAI | HONORARY PATRONAGE | PATRONAT HONOROWY PARODOS ORGANIZATORIAI | CO-ORGANISATION OF THE EXHIBITION | WSPÓŁORGANIZACJA WYSTAWY Marek Kuchciński Viktoras Pranckietis Liublino muziejus Liubline Nacionalinis muziejus Lenkijos Respublikos Seimo Maršalka Lietuvos Respublikos Seimo Pirmininkas Lublin Museum in Lublin Lietuvos Didžiosios Kunigaikštystės valdovų rūmai Marshal of the Sejm of the Republic of Poland Speaker of the Parliament of the Republic of Lithuania Muzeum Lubelskie w Lublinie National Museum – Palace of the Grand Dukes of Lithuania Marszałek Sejmu Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej Przewodniczący Sejmu Republiki Litewskiej Muzeum Narodowe – Pałac Wielkich Książąt Litewskich PARODOS PARTNERIAI | PARTNERS OF THE EXHIBITION | PARTNERZY WYSTAWY Lenkijos Respublikos ambasada Vilniuje Lenkijos institutas Vilniuje Embassy of the Republic of Poland in Vilnius Polish Institute in Vilnius Ambasada RP w Wilnie Instytut Polski w Wilnie RĖMĖJAI | FUNDING | FINANSOWANIE Lenkijos Respublikos kultūros ir nacionalinio paveldo ministerija Liublino vaivadijos maršalka Ministry of Culture and National Heritage of the Republic of Poland Marshal of Lublin Voivodeship Ministerstwo Kultury i Dziedzictwa Narodowego Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej Marszałek Województwa Lubelskiego Liublino miesto savivaldybė Lublin City Office Urząd Miasta Lublin INFORMACINIAI RĖMĖJAI | MEDIA SPONSORS | PATRONI MEDIALNI 20 21 us skiria 450 metų nuo vieno svarbiausių Euro- t has been 450 years since one of the most signifi- 50 lat dzieli nas od jednego z najdonioślejszych Liublino unija – Mpos istorijos įvykių. 1569 m. liepos 1 d. Lenkijos Icant events in the history of Europe. On 1 July 1569 4wydarzeń w historii Europy. 1 lipca 1569 roku Karalystė ir Lietuvos Didžioji Kunigaikštystė Liubli- in Lublin, the Kingdom of Poland entered a real union w Lublinie Królestwo Polskie zawarło unię realną ne sudarė tikrąją uniją. Abiejų šalių partnerystė plėto- with the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The union between z Wielkim Księstwem Litewskim. Związek obydwu dar gyva istorija josi jau beveik du šimtmečius, tačiau Liublino sąjunga the countries had already lasted for almost two cen- krajów trwał już od blisko dwóch stuleci, jednak unia buvo esminis įvykis, sujungęs dvi šalis į vieną valsty- turies. However, the Union of Lublin brought a signifi- lubelska przynosiła istotną zmianę, łącząc dwa kraje bę – Abiejų Tautų Respubliką. Tikroji unija buvo rezul- cant change by merging the two countries into one state w jedno państwo określane jako Rzeczpospolita Oboj- Union of Lublin – tatas kompromiso, kuriam Lenkija ir Lietuva brendo known as the Commonwealth of Two Nations. The real ga Narodów. Unia realna była dziełem kompromisu, do ištisas dvi kartas. Kyla daug dvejonių, klausimų ir spė- union was an act of compromise, to which the Polish którego strony polska i litewska dojrzewały przez dwa lionių dėl Liublino įvykių, tačiau praėjus beveik ketu- and Lithuanian sides were maturing for two gener- pokolenia. W kontekście wydarzeń lubelskich pojawia History Still Alive riems amžiams jau neabejojama, kad ši sąjunga buvo ations. In the context of the events that happened in się wiele wątków, pytań i wątpliwości, jednak bez- esminis elementas, formavęs Vidurio ir Rytų Euro- Lublin, one can notice a variety of aspects, questions sprzecznie po ponad czterech wiekach unia to istot- pos tautų tapatybę. and doubts; still, undoubtedly, after four centuries, the ny element kształtujący tożsamość narodów Europy Unia lubelska – Jau pirmoji unija su Lietuva buvo drąsus žingsnis Union is an important element that shapes the identity Środkowo-Wschodniej. ir, kaip vėliau paaiškėjo, lemiamas Lietuvos, Lenkijos ir of the nations of East-Central Europe. Już pierwsza unia z Litwą była krokiem odważnym historia wciąż żywa Rusios istorijoje. Iki Jogailos apsisprendimo vesti Jadvy- Already the first union with Lithuania was a brave i, jak się okazało, przełomowym dla dziejów Litwy, Pol- gą būta ilgų pokalbių, į kuriuos, be Lenkijos riterių, ypač and, as it turned out, crucial step for the history of Lith- ski i Rusi. Wybór Jagiełły na męża Jadwigi poprzedzono Mažosios Lenkijos atstovų, buvo įtraukta ir karalienė uania, Poland and Ruthenia. The election of Jagiełło as długimi rozmowami, w które obok rycerstwa polskiego, Marcin H. Gapski motina Elžbieta Bosnietė (Elzbieta Bosniaczka). 1385 m. the husband of Jadwiga was preceded by long talks, in w szczególności przedstawicieli Małopolski, była zaan- rugpjūčio 14 d. Krėvoje sudarytame dokumente Jogai- which – alongside Polish nobility, especially the repre- gażowana królowa matka Elżbieta Bośniaczka. W doku- Liublino muziejus Liubline la įsipareigojo su visu dvaru priimti krikštą ir katalikų sentatives of Lesser Poland – the queen mother Elis- mencie wystawionym 14 sierpnia 1385 roku w Krewie Lublin Museum in Lublin tikėjimą, paleisti Lietuvos teritorijoje laikomus lenkų abeth of Bosnia was involved. In the document issued Jagiełło zobowiązał się do przyjęcia chrztu w obrząd- Muzeum Lubelskie w Lublinie belaisvius, grąžinti Vokiečių ordino užgrobtas Lenki- on 14 August 1385 in Kreva, Jagiełło committed to con- ku katolickim wraz z całym dworem, uwolnienia pol- jos Karalystės žemes ir prijungti prie Lenkijos Karalys- vert, together with his whole court, to Roman Catholi- skich jeńców z terenu Litwy, odzyskania ziem utraco- tės lietuvių ir rusėnų žemes. Šis aktas įsigalėjo Liubline cism, to release Polish captives in Lithuania, to return nych na rzecz Krzyżaków przez Królestwo Polskie oraz 1386 m. vasario 2 d., Jogailą pakėlus Lenkijos karaliumi. the lands lost to the Teutonic Knights by the Kingdom włączenia ziemi litewskich i ruskich do Królestwa Pol- Jogaila išvyko į Krokuvą, ten vasario 15 d. buvo pakrikš- of Poland and to incorporate the Lithuanian and Ruthe- skiego. Akt ten został urzeczywistniony w elekcji Jagieł- tytas Vladislovo vardu. Vasario 18-ąją jis vedė Jadvygą, nian territories into the Kingdom of Poland. The act was ły na króla polskiego, która miała miejsce 2 lutego 1386 o kovo 4 d. buvo karūnuotas. Svarbu tai, kad Jogailos implemented through the election of Jagiełło as the Po- roku w Lublinie. Jagiełło udał się do Krakowa, gdzie paskelbimas karaliumi Liubline turėjo ypatingą reikš- lish king on 2 February 1386 in Lublin. Jagiełło then 15 lutego przyjął chrzest, na którym otrzymał imię Wła- mę vėlesnei unijos sujungtų šalių istorijai. Būtent rite- travelled to Kraków, where on 15 February he was bap- dysław. 18 lutego poślubił Jadwigę, 4 marca zaś został rija disponavo Lenkijos karūna ir nuo to laiko iki pat tised and obtained the name Władysław. On 18 Febru- koronowany. Co ważne, proklamowanie Jagiełły w Lub- Stanislovo Augusto Poniatovskio išrinkimo kiekvienas ary he married Jadwiga, and on 4 March he was crowned. linie miało szczególne znaczenie dla późniejszych dzie- valdovas buvo renkamas bajorijos atstovų. The proclamation of Jagiełło in Lublin had a significant jów krajów połączonych unią. To rycerstwo stało się Nuo Krėvos unijos laikų ir kvietimo Jogailą užimti influence on the future history of the united countries. dysponentem korony polskiej i od tej chwili, aż do elek- Lenkijos sostą iki Liublino unijos sudarymo abi šalys It was the nobility that became the disponent of the cji Stanisława Augusta Poniatowskiego, każdy władca nuėjo ilgą kelią siekdamos stiprinti tarpusavio santy- Polish crown and since then, up until the election of był obierany decyzją przedstawicieli szlachty. kius. Turime nepamiršti, kad oficialios sutartys buvo Stanisław August Poniatowski, each monarch was cho- Od czasów unii krewskiej i powołania Władysława abiejų šalių vidinio nusiteikimo ir lūkesčių išraiš- sen with a decision of the representatives of the estate. Jagiełły na tron polski, zanim doszło do zawarcia unii ka. Dar Lenkijos ir Lietuvos valdovui Jogailai gyvam From the times of the Union of Krewo and the elec- lubelskiej, obydwa kraje przeszły długą drogę wzmac- esant buvo sudarinėjamos naujos sutartys, tarp kurių – tion of Władysław Jagiełło for the Polish throne, before niania wzajemnych powiązań. Musimy pamiętać, że ofi- ir 1413 m. Horodlės unija. Šios sąjungos dokumentas iš the Union of Lublin was signed, both countries made cjalne umowy były tylko wypadkową wewnętrznych esmės pakeitė Lietuvos santvarką. Jame rašoma, kad a significant progress in strengthening the mutual rela- nastrojów i oczekiwań obydwu stron. Jeszcze za życia Lietuvoje buvo įsteigtas atskiro didžiojo kunigaikščio, tions. One has to remember that the official treaties were Jagiełły zawarto nowe porozumienia, między innymi pavaldaus Lenkijos karaliui, titulas, bendros bajorų only a resultant of interior opinions and expectations w 1413 roku unię w Horodle. Dokument ten w istotny sueigos bei vaivadų ir seniūnų pareigybės. Tačiau vie- of the two sides. Still during Jagiełło’s reign, new agree- sposób zmienił ustrój Litwy. Wprowadził
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