DOCSLIB.ORG

To: Mrs. Irina Bokova, UNESCO Director-General Copies: Mrs

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
To: Mrs. Irina Bokova, UNESCO Director-General Copies: Mrs To: Mrs. Irina Bokova, UNESCO Director-General Copies: Mrs. Mechtild Rössler, Director of Heritage Division & Director of the World Heritage Centre Mrs. Inger Andersen IUCN’s Director General Mr. Achim Steiner, UNEP Executive Director Dear ladies and gentlemen, Our organizations attract your attention to the serious threat for the Outstanding Universal Value of “Western Caucasus” World Heritage property as a result of possible construction of mountain ski complexes on the lands of Sochi National Park and Sochi Zakaznik (Sanctuary) that adjoin its boundaries. Currently the mentioned territories are located inside the boundaries of Sochi Zakaznik as well as of the reserve and specially protected zones of Sochi National Park where construction of any object or infrastructure is prohibited. With the direct UNESCO and UNEP participation, as one of the compensatory measures during preparation for the Olympic Games in the City of Sochi, Russian Federation has committed to expand the area of “Western Caucasus” World Natural Heritage property due to the inclusion of specially protected and reserve zones of Sochi National Park as well as Sochi Zakaznik to it. Besides, in accordance with the recommendations of UNEP expert mission, the Ministry of Natural Resources and Ecology of the Russian Federation has worked out and adopted the Plan of measures regarding questions of Mzymta River ecosystem restoration. In accordance with the Plan the part of Sochi Zakaznik in the upper courses of Mzymta River had to be included into the composition of the Caucasus State Nature Reserve. Pursuant to the commitments Russian Federation submitted to the UNESCO World Heritage Centre in 2014 the nomination for widening boundaries of the “Western Caucasus” World Heritage property. Ministry of Natural Resources and Ecology of the Russian Federation prepared the draft resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation “On widening of the Caucasus State Nature Biosphere Reserve territory”. But this draft Government resolution was rejected. Unfortunately during just-concluded IUCN mission that evaluated the submitted nomination for widening of the World Heritage property, the representatives of the Russian Government announced about the recall of the nomination. This fact not only causes serious concern of public organizations and the scientific community but also contradict to the international commitments made during the preparation for the Winter Olympic Games. Moreover in 2015 in contradiction to the previous commitments and prepared documents Ministry of Natural Resources and Ecology of Russia presented for public discussion the drafts of new Regulations of Sochi National Park and Sochi Republic-wide State Nature Zakaznik that legalize the construction on their territories. Thus according to the draft regulations of Sochi National Park the considerable part of territories of Krasnaya Poliana and Aibga forestry in the southeastern part of the park, it is proposed to transfer reserve and specially protected zones into the recreational one, where construction of recreational and tourist objects is admitted. The same kind of construction is proposed to be allowed inside the Sochi Zakaznik. We attract your attention that plans of Olympic objects construction on these territories were already accepted as threatening to the Outstanding Universal Value of the property in 2008 (WHC/IUCN mission, UNEP mission) with the result that the Russian Government made a decision about moving objects to another place. At present the plans for development of the area adjoining the nature reserve are even more dimensioned. Proposed changes to the Regulations about Sochi National Park and Sochi Zakaznik were criticized by scientists and NGOs. Leading specialists in Western Caucasus prepared reference note about value of the Mzymta River upper courses. On a base of this reference note the Public Council of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Ecology of the Russian Federation unanimously acknowledged the proposed changes in the regulations about National Park and Zakaznik as inadmissible. Development of the above-mentioned protected areas had started already in May 2015 as a result of illegal construction of the highway from “Roza Khutor” resort in the direction of Engelmanov meadows including the specially protected zone of the National Park. Plans of mountain ski resorts construction are lobbied by “Roza Khutor”, “Gazprom” and “Krasnaya Poliana” Companies. This, in particular, Sergey Bachin, the “”Roza Khutor” Director, said at the annual autumn session of the International Ski Federation (FIS) in Zurich on October 2, 2015. The same was confirmed by Vladimir Potanin, the “Interros” Company Director and the real owner of “Roza Khutor” on October 23, 2015 during his speech on “Russia 24” Federal channel. Destruction of natural complexes as a result of development of Sochi Zakaznik and adjoining parts of Sochi National Park will lead to the destruction of the Outstanding Universal Value and integrity of “Western Caucasus” World Natural Heritage property. Besides the development of Mzymta River upper courses will render meaningless the project of Caucasian leopard restoration, because these lands are the only corridor for leopards’ settlement in other Caucasian regions. In the opinion of our organizations decrease of the status of the above-mentioned areas of Sochi National Park and Sochi Zakaznik in the Mzymta River upper courses by itself even before the actual construction has to be counted as a base for inscription of the “Western Caucasus” property in the “World Heritage in Danger List”. In connection with the stated we ask UNESCO to take into account this appeal during preparation of the decision of the next Committee session regarding “Western Caucasus” World Heritage property, and to ask in particular the State Party of the Russian Federation to invite the WHC/IUCN reactive monitoring mission for assessment of the influence of the resorts development plans in the Mzymta River upper courses upon the Outstanding Universal Value of the property. We also hope that UNEP in partnership with the International Olympic Committee will necessarily influence upon the Russian Federation for the complete fulfillment of the Plan of activities for restoration of Mzymta River basin and recommendations of the expert mission including the widening of the area of the existing “Western Caucasus” World Natural Heritage property. Sergey Tsyplenkov, Executive Director, Greenpeace Russia Igor Chestin WWF-Russia Director Andrey Rudomakha, Coordinator of the Environmental Watch on North Caucasus Vitaly Kovalev, NABU Deputy Head of international Department, Head of the Caucasus program 29.10.2015 .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • MSC) Bere Zova Ya U Litsa 01 02 40°15'0"E 40°15'20"E 40°15'40"E 40°16'0"E 40°16'20"E FJ FJ
    Border Guard Post Troika Hotel Sochi 2014 Winter Olympics Image Graphic UNCLASSIFIED//LIMITED DISTRIBUTION Krasnaya Polyana, Krasnodarskiy Kray, Russia Media Village and Gorki Media Center (MSC) Bere zova ya U litsa 01 02 40°15'0"E 40°15'20"E 40°15'40"E 40°16'0"E 40°16'20"E FJ FJ E st on sk Estosadok ay a U li tsa Gorki Media Center (MSC) M z y m t a ) ) A [148 43°41'0"N ")^ 43°41'0"N Media Village 540 Level * +$ X ?! 525 X X X X X X X X M z X y m t a X X X X X X 37 X 37 X X X X X 43°40'40"N 43°40'40"N X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 43°40'20"N X 43°40'20"N X X X X X X X X N . m 0 0 X 0 36 6 3 8 X 4 X Media Village 960 Level * X ! ! ! ! ?!960 +$ X ! ! )^ ! ! +$ " ! ! ! ! +$ ! ! ! ! X ! ! ! ! X ! ! X ! ! ! ! ! ! X ! ! ! ! X ! ! ! ! X ! ! X ! ! ! ! ! ! X ! ! ! ! X ! ! ! ! ! ! X ! ! X ! ! ! ! X 43°40'0"N ! ! Construction housing ! ! X ! ! ! 43°40'0"N ! ! ! ! ! X ! © 2014 DigitalGlobe ! ! ! X NextView License ! ! ! ! X ! ! X ! ! ! ! ! FJ ! X FJ ! ! ! 40°15'0"E ! 40°15'20"E 40°15'40"E 40°16'0"E 40°16'20"E 6 000m. X ! ! 01 E 02 ! ! X ! ! X Scale 1:4,000 ! ! Prepared and published by the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency ! ! ! ! X 0 100 200 300 400 500 © COPYRIGHT 2014 BY THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT ! ! ! NO COPYRIGHT CLAIMED UNDER TITLE 17 U.S! .C.
    [Show full text]
  • Reporters' Guide
    Reporters’ Guide For Covering the 2014 Winter Olympic Games in Sochi, Russia Printed in the United States of America Cover design by Rafael Jimenez Human Rights Watch is dedicated to protecting the human rights of people around the world. We stand with victims and activists to prevent discrimination, to uphold political freedom, to protect people from inhumane conduct in wartime, and to bring offenders to justice. We investigate and expose human rights violations and hold abusers accountable. We challenge governments and those who hold power to end abusive practices and respect international human rights law. We enlist the public and the international community to support the cause of human rights for all. Human Rights Watch is an international organization with staff in more than 40 countries, and offices in Amsterdam, Beirut, Berlin, Brussels, Chicago, Geneva, Goma, Johannesburg, London, Los Angeles, Moscow, Nairobi, New York, Paris, San Francisco, Tokyo, Toronto, Tunis, Washington DC, and Zurich. For more information, please visit our website: http://www.hrw.org Reporters’ Guide For Covering the 2014 Winter Olympic Games in Sochi, Russia Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 1 Maps and Satellite ............................................................................................................. 3 Human Rights Abuses Linked to Preparations for the 2014 Olympic Games ......................... 5 Background: Sochi ..................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Final Project Report English Pdf 92.58 KB
    CEPF SMALL GRANT FINAL PROJECT COMPLETION REPORT I. BASIC DATA Organization Legal Name: Environmental Watch on the North West Caucasus Project Title (as stated in the grant agreement): Public Campaign for Western Greater Caucasus Biodiversity Protection from Planning of Olympic Games in Sochi Region / Russia Implementation Partners for This Project: International Socio-Ecological Union, Greenpeace Russia, NABU, Druzhinas for Nature Preservation Movement, WWF Russia, Center of Environmental Policy of Russia, Sochi Branch of Russian Geographical Society, NGO "Our Sochi", Krasnodar Regional Branch of All-Russia Public Association "United Civil Green Alternative" (GROZA) (NGO "ETnIСA"), Maikop City Organization of VOOP, Environmental group "For Life!", Center for the protection of constitutional rights and liberties of people, Public Environmental Council of Sochi, Public Council of Sochi, Public Chamber of Sochi, Committee of Sochi's Rescue, Design Laboratory "Ar-Ko", "Eco-Expert" Ltd, etc. Project Dates (as stated in the grant agreement): May 1, 2006 - October 31, 2006 Project Dates (really): Juny 15, 2006 – July 10, 2007 Date of Report (month/year): 12/2007 II. OPENING REMARKS Provide any opening remarks that may assist in the review of this report. In connection with the fact that it was extremely important to support the active public participation in the process of decision making relative to the Olympic Games 2014 location, and since the Environmental Watch on North Caucasus did not possess any other means for realization of these activities, the accomplishment of the project lasted longer than it was expected – more than one year. III. NARRATIVE QUESTIONS 1. What was the initial objective of this project? The initial objective of this project was the prevention of Olympic Games 2014 realization on the especially protected areas of Western Caucasus and within boundaries of World Heritage Site and also averting of negative and irreplaceable effect to its biodiversity.
    [Show full text]
  • RUSSIAN FEDERATION This Large Site on the Western End of the Greater Caucasus Mountains Is in One of the Few Great Mountain Ranges of Europe Almost Undisturbed by Man
    WESTERN CAUCASUS RUSSIAN FEDERATION This large site on the western end of the Greater Caucasus Mountains is in one of the few great mountain ranges of Europe almost undisturbed by man. Its extensive mountain forests, from subtropical to alpine, are unique in Europe and its high pastures have been grazed only by wild animals. The site is on the edge of the Colchian centre of plant diversity barely 30 kilometres from the Black Sea. Stretching between lowlands and alpine mountains, it includes four-fifths of the ecosystems of the Caucasus and includes many endemic and relict species such as the reintroduced European bison. Threats to the site: Construction of more than 250 facilities for the 2014 Winter Olympics is heavily impinging on the site and region. COUNTRY Russian Federation NAME Western Caucasus NATURAL WORLD HERITAGE SERIAL SITE 1999: Inscribed on the World Heritage List under Natural Criteria ix and x. STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING UNIVERSAL VALUE [pending] The UNESCO World Heritage Committee issued the following statement at the time of inscription: Justification for Inscription The Western Caucasus has a remarkable diversity of geology, ecosystems and species. It is of global significance as a centre of plant diversity. Along with the Virgin Komi World Heritage site, it is the only large mountain area in Europe that has not experienced significant human impact, containing extensive tracts of undisturbed mountain forests unique on the European scale. INTERNATIONAL DESIGNATION 1978: Kavkazskiy designated a Biosphere Reserve under the
    [Show full text]
  • The 2014 Sochi Olympics a Patchwork of Challenges
    JANUARY 2014 The 2014 Sochi Olympics A Patchwork of Challenges AUTHOR Sergey Markedonov A Report of the CSIS Russia and Eurasia Program The 2014 Sochi Olympics A Patchwork of Challenges AUTHOR Sergey Markedonov FOREWORD Andrew C. Kuchins A Report of the CSIS Russia and Eurasia Program January 2014 ROWMAN & LITTLEFIELD Lanham • Boulder • New York • Toronto • Plymouth, UK About CSIS For over 50 years, the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) has developed solutions to the world’s greatest policy challenges. As we celebrate this milestone, CSIS scholars are developing strategic insights and bipartisan policy solutions to help decisionmakers chart a course toward a better world. CSIS is a nonprofi t or ga ni za tion headquartered in Washington, D.C. The Center’s 220 full-time staff and large network of affi liated scholars conduct research and analysis and develop policy initiatives that look into the future and anticipate change. Founded at the height of the Cold War by David M. Abshire and Admiral Arleigh Burke, CSIS was dedicated to fi nding ways to sustain American prominence and prosperity as a force for good in the world. Since 1962, CSIS has become one of the world’s preeminent international institutions focused on defense and security; regional stability; and transnational challenges ranging from energy and climate to global health and economic integration. Former U.S. senator Sam Nunn has chaired the CSIS Board of Trustees since 1999. Former deputy secretary of defense John J. Hamre became the Center’s president and chief executive offi cer in April 2000. CSIS does not take specifi c policy positions; accordingly, all views expressed herein should be understood to be solely those of the author(s).
    [Show full text]
  • White Elephants, Environmental Degradation and Circassian Marginalization in Post-Olympics Sochi Bo Peter
    Vanished in the Haze: White Elephants, Environmental Degradation and Circassian Marginalization in Post-Olympics Sochi Bo Petersson & Karina Vamling Before the Olympic Winter Games in Sochi in 2014 there was an intense international discussion on the wanting Russian record on democracy and human rights and the appropriateness of organizing such mega-events in authoritarian settings. These kinds of discussions had a familiar ring to them; similar voices were heard before the Beijing Summer Olympics in 2008. However, what was notable in the scholarly discussion after the Beijing Olympics was a lack of substantiated follow-up with regard to political and social consequences of the Games. Once the Olympic Games were launched, the sports events themselves took over the public limelight. Further to this, media logics seem to dictate that once any Games are over, critical discussions are over and done with, and the attention is gradually shifted to the next mega-event to follow, in the Sochi case the Summer Games in Rio in 2016 and the FIFA World Cup in football which will be arranged in several locations in Russia in 2018. In the case of the Sochi Games, the fading from attention was exacerbated by the dramatic events which unfolded around Ukraine and the Russian role in them which came to dominate newscasts from a time when the Games had barely even been concluded. With regard to Sochi, as for all sites of major sports events, continued critical attention is called for to assess political developments on the local, regional and central levels of the state even after the conclusion of the Games.
    [Show full text]
  • Active Folded Structures of the Western Caucasus (Sochi Region)
    Geophysical Research Abstracts Vol. 16, EGU2014-14930, 2014 EGU General Assembly 2014 © Author(s) 2014. CC Attribution 3.0 License. Active folded structures of the Western Caucasus (Sochi region) Yaroslav Trikhunkov and Egor Zelenin Geological Institute of RAS, Moscow, Russia The Western Caucasus as a margin segment of folded system of the Greater Caucasus was formed at the periphery of collision interaction of the Scythian Plate and the Transcaucasian Massif. The estimated age of the primary folded deformations of the initial surface of that territory ranges from the late Eocene to late Neogene. We have obtained new data on modern folded deformations of the anticlinal ridges, which prevail in Sochi region in the southern macroslope of the mountain system. Very similar Alek, Galitsinsky, Akhun, Nikolaevsky anticlinal ridges are uplifting in the main Caucasus direction (NW – SE) and are crossed by narrow antecedent river valleys. These ridges stand out contrasting to sinclinal depressions, where fluviatile accumulation prevails. At the intersection of the Mzymta river and the Galitsinsky anticlinal ridge a narrow Akhshtyr canyon with steep, 150 meters high slopes were formed. Downstream in the neighboring Akhshtyr synclinal depression the valley expands. Here the floodplain and two levels of terraces with the height of 20 – 30 and 50 – 60 m correspondingly were formed. The age of the first terrace was defined by archeologic data of V. Shchelinsky (2007) and by correlation with marine Black Sea Late Karangat terrace as a 135 – 90 ka (Eemian interglacial). The second terrace is apparently older and dates back to Middle Pleistocene. The field research and analysis of the elevations by ASTER GDEM allowed us to trace both terraces in the southern structural slope of the Galitsinsky ridge above the canyon, adjacent to the Akhshtyr depression, at the heights 70 and 110 m correspondingly.
    [Show full text]
  • Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences
    ISSN: 0975-8585 Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences Ecological Aspect of Investment Projects for the Development of Specially Protected Nature Territories (by the Example of the Sochi National Park). Marina Ivanovna Ivleva1*, Irina Valeryevna Yablochkina2, Irina Mikhailovna Kornilova3, Sergey Davydovich Ludvig4, Bogdan Sergeevich Vasyakin5. 1Academic department of Philosophy, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Stremyannyy pereulok, 36, Moscow,117997, Russia. 2The Center of Humanities, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Stremyannyy pereulok, 36, Moscow,117997, Russia. 3Academic department of History, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Stremyannyy pereulok, 36, Moscow,117997, Russia. 4Academic department of International and Constitutional Law, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Stremyannyy pereulok, 36, Moscow,117997, Russia. 5Academic department of Psychology, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Stremyannyy pereulok, 36, Moscow,117997, Russia. ABSTRACT Ecological economics is one of the more widely used approaches in modern economic practice; it employs ecological and economic systematic analysis to solve the problem of sustainable social development in modern ecosystems. At the present time, allowing for the interdependence of the economic-, social- and
    [Show full text]
  • Incorporating Sustainable Tourism for the Olympic Games Monica Louise V
    Incorporating Sustainable Tourism for the Olympic Games Monica Louise V. Siasoco, Hospitality Management Mentor: Dr. Wan Yang Kellogg Honors College Capstone Project What is Sustainable Tourism? The (United Nations World Tourism Organization defines sustainable tourism as "Tourism that takes full account of its current and future economic, social and environmental impacts, Environmental Impact addressing the needs of visitors, the industry, the environment and host communities". • Raising tourists’ and local communities’ awareness about sustainability issues and promoting of Sports Tourism and Olympic Games sustainable tourism practices amongst them. Winter Sports • Sustainable tourism is culturally sensitive, encourages respect between tourists and hosts, and • Winter sports such as snowboarding or skiing need ample snow and unique slopes; these builds local pride and confidence International Conference on Responsible Tourism in mountains may face some deforestation and landscape alteration to remove trees and Destinations). rocks from the course (Standeven & DeKnop, p. 250). • These snow machines require ample amounts of local water and electricity to transform Importance of Sustainable Tourism mountains into snow-filled slopes. • Hospitality has a history of displacing communities and wasting natural resources to establish • Water is mixed with chemicals to increase the melting point of snow and prevent it from unique and unexplored destinations for adventurous tourists (Macneill & Wozniak, 2018). melting quickly (Standeven & DeKnop,
    [Show full text]
  • Small River Plumes Off the Northeastern Coast of the Black Sea Under Average Climatic and flooding Discharge Conditions
    Ocean Sci., 13, 465–482, 2017 https://doi.org/10.5194/os-13-465-2017 © Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. Small river plumes off the northeastern coast of the Black Sea under average climatic and flooding discharge conditions Alexander Osadchiev1 and Evgeniya Korshenko2 1Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia 2Zubov State Oceanographic Institute, Moscow, Russia Correspondence to: Alexander Osadchiev ([email protected]) Received: 2 January 2017 – Discussion started: 6 February 2017 Revised: 17 May 2017 – Accepted: 18 May 2017 – Published: 15 June 2017 Abstract. This study focuses on the impact of discharges of 1 Introduction small rivers on the delivery and fate of fluvial water and sus- pended matter at the northeastern part of the Black Sea un- der different local precipitation conditions. Several dozens Continental discharge is one of the main sources of terrige- of mountainous rivers flow into the sea at the study region, nous sediments, nutrients, and anthropogenic pollution in and most of them, except for several of the largest, have little the sea and can significantly affect seabed morphology, wa- annual runoff and affect adjacent coastal waters to a limited ter quality, primary productivity, and fishery in coastal areas extent under average climatic conditions. However, the dis- (e.g., Emmet, 2006; Milliman et al., 2007; Zhou et al., 2008; charges of these small rivers are characterized by a quick re- Rabalais, 2010). Generally, the majority of fluvial runoff and sponse to precipitation events and can significantly increase the related discharge of its suspended and dissolved con- during and shortly after heavy rains, which are frequent in stituents on a regional scale are provided by the largest local the considered area.
    [Show full text]
  • 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi: an Environmental and Human-Rights Disaster
    MOLLY O’HARA 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi: An Environmental and Human-Rights Disaster ypically when we think of environmental migration, what comes to mind is the forced displacement of a certain population as a result of a natural disaster, such as a hurricane, earthquake, etc. However, with the term ‘environmental migration’ itself constituting a fairly new kind of migration categorization, the parameters are not entirely fixed. While migration in the wake of natural disasters is perhaps the most explicit form of environmental migration, forced displacement can also be a result of slow onset climate change, such as sea-level rise or drought. In addition, although political, social and economic factors already make Tit difficult enough to assess traditional migration, the situation is further complicated when climate change and environmental factors enter the equation. As research in this field continues to grow, this paper seeks to shed light on yet another facet of environmental migration. In addition to natural disasters and slow onset climate change, migration can result from anthropogenic impacts or, in other words, human interference. Therefore, let us draw our attention towards one event in particular that has a history of creating situations of environmental degradation and forced displacement, namely the Olympics. Ever since the environmental destruction that took place during the 1992 Albert- ville Winter Olympic Games, awareness has grown concerning the environmental degradation that can result from construction and preparation of such ‘mega- events’. Subsequently, in 1994, the issue of environmental influence was presented for the first time at the XII Olympic Congress in Paris, followed by the International Olympics Committee (IOC) recognizing environmental protection as it became offi- cially included in the general principles of the Olympic Charter (Popelarova and Janiga 2008).
    [Show full text]
  • Jsc “Russian Railways” Railway Infrastructure
    JSC “RUSSIAN RAILWAYS” RAILWAY INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS for the XXII Winter Olympic Games 2014 in Sochi, Russia JSC “Russian Railways” implements six Infrastructure Projects which are of considerable importance with regard to the preparation for the XXII Winter Olympic Games 2014. The Projects are being implemented under the Program for construction of Olympic facilities and development of Sochi as a mountain climatic resort affirmed by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation. Combined railway and road from Adler to the «Alpika-Servis» mountain resort 1 Project design and reconnaissance, construction Tuapse—Adler railway line Project design and reconnaissance, reconstruction to the effect of capacity 2 increase Railway freight yards of Imeretinskaya lowlands 3 Project design and reconnaissance, construction Bedroom building with 49 rooms of non-government health establishment 4 «Health resort “Mys Vidniy”» in the Khosta region of Sochi Project design and reconnaissance, construction Railway passenger terminals in Dagomys, Sochi, Matsesta and Khosta 5 Project design and reconnaissance, reconstruction to the effect of adaptation for the disabled Railway line from Adler to Sochi airport 6 Project design and reconnaissance, construction 2 3 «Alpika-Servis» Project The most complicated infrastructure facility for the Olympic Games 2014 is the combined (railway and motorway) road from Adler to the «Alpika-Servis» mountain climatic resort. This road will provide transportation to the spectators and Olympians to the mountain stadiums of Krasnaya Polyana and to the ice stadiums of Olympic park in Imeretinskaya Lowlands. Being approximately 50 km in length the road’s altitude above sea level differs from 50 m at the beginning point to 560 m at the ending point.
    [Show full text]