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Hubungan Keanekaragaman Makrozoobentos Dengan Parameter Fisika Kimia Di Perairan Sei Nipah Desa Sei Nagalawan Provinsi Sumatera Utara

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Hubungan Keanekaragaman Makrozoobentos Dengan Parameter Fisika Kimia Di Perairan Sei Nipah Desa Sei Nagalawan Provinsi Sumatera Utara HUBUNGAN KEANEKARAGAMAN MAKROZOOBENTOS DENGAN PARAMETER FISIKA KIMIA DI PERAIRAN SEI NIPAH DESA SEI NAGALAWAN PROVINSI SUMATERA UTARA SKRIPSI Oleh: YULIANA RAMERIA PARDEDE 160302072 PROGRAM STUDI MANAJEMEN SUMBERDAYA PERAIRAN FAKULTAS PERTANIAN UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 2021 Universitas Sumatera Utara HUBUNGAN KEANEKARAGAMAN MAKROZOOBENTOS DENGAN PARAMETER FISIKA KIMIA DI PERAIRAN SEI NIPAH DESA SEI NAGALAWAN PROVINSI SUMATERA UTARA SKRIPSI Oleh: YULIANA RAMERIA PARDEDE 160302072 Skripsi Sebagai Salah Satu diantara Beberapa Syarat untuk Dapat Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana di Program Studi Manajemen Sumberdaya Perairan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Sumatera Utara PROGRAM STUDI MANAJEMEN SUMBERDAYA PERAIRAN FAKULTAS PERTANIAN UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 2021 Universitas Sumatera Utara PERNYATAAN MENGENAI SKRIPSI DAN SUMBER INFORMASI Saya yang bertanda tangan di bawah ini: Nama: Yuliana Rameria Pardede NIM : 160302072 Menyatakan bahwa Skripsi yang berjudul “Hubungan Keanekaragaman Makrozoobentos dengan Parameter Fisika Kimia di Perairan Sei Nipah Desa Sei Nagalawan Provinsi Sumatera Utara” adalah benar merupakan hasil karya saya sendiri dan belum diajukan dalam bentuk apapun kepada Perguruan Tinggi manapun. Semua sumber data dan informasi yang berasal atau dikutip dari karya yang diterbitkan maupun tidak diterbitkan dari penulis lain telah disebutkan dalam teks dan dicantumkan dalam Daftar Pustaka di bagian akhir skripsi ini. Medan, Maret 2021 Yuliana Rameria Pardede NIM. 160302072 Universitas Sumatera Utara Universitas Sumatera Utara ABSTRAK PARDEDE, YULIANA RAMERIA. Hubungan Keanekaragaman Makrozoobentos dengan Parameter Fisika Kimia di Perairan Sei Nipah Desa Sei Nagalawan Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Dibawah bimbingan IPANNA ENGGAR SUSETYA. Makrozoobentos merupakan salah satu organisme yang dapat menunjukkan perubahan parameter fisika dan kimia di perairan karena sifatnya yang cenderung menetap di dasar perairan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa hubungan keanekaragaman makrozoobentos dengan parameter fisika dan kimia di perairan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Perairan Sei Nipah, Desa Sei Nagalawan, Provinsi Sumatera Utara pada bulan Oktober 2020. Lokasi pengambilan sampel makrozoobentos dengan menentukan 3 stasiun yang ditarik sepanjang 20 meter dari garis pantai secara tegak lurus menuju laut menggunakan metode purposive sampling dengan membentuk kuadran/plot dari pipa ukuran 1x1 meter yang diletakkan secara horizontal. Nilai rata-rata keanekaragaman makrozoobentos yang diperoleh berdasarkan hasil penelitian adalah 1,9-2,4 yang termasuk ke dalam kategori sedang. Hubungan parameter fisika dan kimia dengan keanekaragaman makrozoobentos berdasarkan analisis PCA di perairan Sei Nipah berkorelasi negatif dengan kecerahan, DO, dan kecepatan arus. Sementara itu, perairan Sei Nipah berkorelasi positif dengan suhu, kedalaman, pH, salinitas, nitrat, fosfat, C-organik. Kata kunci: Sei Nipah, Keanekaragaman makrozobentos, substrat, parameter fisika dan kimia perairan, PCA i Universitas Sumatera Utara ABSTRACT PARDEDE, YULIANA RAMERIA. Relationship of macrozoobenthos diversity with chemical physical parameters in the waters of Sei Nipah village of Sei Nagalawan North Sumatera province. Under IPANNA ENGGAR SUSETYA guidance. Macrozoobenthos is one of the organisms that can show changes in the parameters of physics and chemistry in the water because of its volatile nature. The research aims to analyze the correlation of macrozoobenthos diversity to the parameters of physics and chemistry in the water. The study was carried out in the waters of Sei Nipah, village of Sei Nagalawan North Sumatera province on October 2020. The macrozoobenthic sampling location was determined by determining 3 stations which were drawn along 20 meters from the coastline perpendicular to the sea using a purposive sampling method of forming a quadrant / plot of a 1x1 meter pipe placed horizontally. The average value of macrozoobenthos diversity obtained through research is 1.9-2.4, which falls into the medium category. Relationship parameters of physics and chemistry with macrozoobenthos based on PCA analysis in Sei Nipah correlated negative with brightness, DO, and flow speed. Meanwhile, the waters of Sei Nipah are correlated positively with temperature, depth, pH, salinity, nitrates, phosphate, C-organic. Key words: Sei Nipah, Diversity of macrozoobenthos, substrate, chemical physical parameters, PCA ii Universitas Sumatera Utara RIWAYAT HIDUP Penulis lahir di Balikpapan pada tanggal 27 Juli 1998 dari Bapak Ir. Jumar Pardede dan Ibu Adelina Leomora Naibaho. Penulis merupakan anak ke pertama dari dua bersaudara. Penulis mengawali pendidikan formal di TK St. Maria, Balikpapan pada tahun 2003-2004. Selanjutnya penulis menempuh pendidikan di SD Katolik St. Theresia Balikpapan pada tahun 2004-2008, kemudian penulis melanjutkan pendidikan di SD Swasta YKPP Sungai Pakning pada tahun 2008-2010. Selanjutnya penulis menempuh pendidikan di SMP Swasta YKPP Sungai Pakning pada tahun 2010-2013. Kemudian pada tahun 2013 penulis diterima di SMA Negeri 1 Bukit Batu hingga tahun 2016. Pada tahun yang sama, penulis melanjutkan pendidikan S-1 di Program Studi Manajemen Sumberdaya Perairan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Sumatera Utara melalui Jalur Mandiri. Selain mengikuti perkuliahan, penulis pernah menjadi Asisten laboratorium pada beberapa praktikum yaitu Fisiologi Hewan Air pada tahun 2017-2018, Pengkajian Stok Ikan dan Pengelolaan Pesisir Terpadu pada tahun 2019-2020. Penulis telah melaksanakan Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) pada bulan Juli-Agustus 2019 di Desa Dokan, Kabupaten Karo dan penulis juga telah melaksanakan Praktik Kerja Lapangan (PKL) di Balai Karantina Ikan, Pengendalian Mutu, dan Keamanan Hasil Perikanan (BKIPM) Kelas I Medan I pada bulan Februari 2020. Penulis juga mengikuti organisasi luar kampus yaitu Earth Hour Medan pada tahun 2019. iii Universitas Sumatera Utara KATA PENGANTAR Segala hormat kemuliaan dan puji syukur hanya bagi Tuhan Yesus Kristus yang senantiasa menjadi penopang dan teman terbaik penulis sepanjang hidupnya. Atas kemurahan, kasih setia dan berkat-Nya yang melimpah, akhirnya penulis dapat menyelesaikan skripsi ini dengan judul “Hubungan Keanekaragaman Makrozoobentos dengan Parameter Fisika Kimia di Perairan Sei Nipah Desa Sei Nagalawan Provinsi Sumatera Utara” guna memenuhi salah satu persyaratan dalam mencapai Gelar Sarjana Perikanan di Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan. Penulisan skripsi ini tidak lepas berbagai pihak yang telah memberi dukungan kepada penulis. Oleh karena itu pada kesempatan ini, penulis ingin menyampaikan ucapan terima kasih kepada: 1. Kedua orang tua saya, ayahanda Ir. Jumar Pardede dan ibunda Adelina Leomora Naibaho, serta adik saya Hosea Paneantua Pardede yang selalu memberikan memberikan dukungan baik secara moral dan materil, serta doa yang tulus kepada penulis 2. Ibu Dr. Eri Yusni, M.Sc selaku Ketua Program Studi Manajemen Sumberdaya Perairan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Sumatera Utara. 3. Ibu Ipanna Enggar Susetya, S.Kel, M.Si selaku dosen pembimbing yang telah memberikan ilmu yang berharga serta memberikan bimbingan dan arahan kepada penulis. 4. Bapak Rusdi Leidonald, S.P, M.Sc dan Bapak Rizky Febriansyah Siregar, S.Pi, M.Si yang telah memberikan ilmu yang berharga serta masukan dan arahan kepada penulis. iv Universitas Sumatera Utara 5. Bapak dan Ibu dosen Program Studi Manajemen Sumberdaya Perairan yang banyak memberikan ilmu kepada penulis serta Bapak Fitriono selaku pegawai Tata Usaha Program Studi Manajemen Sumberdaya Perairan. 6. Tim Penelitian yang saya sayangi, Theresia Gabriela Sinurat, Reinhart Isidorus Lumbanbatu, Perdana Tarigan, Melania Kostanti, dan Unika Sari Naibaho yang senantiasa membantu penulis mulai dari pelaksanaan hingga penulisan skripsi ini. 7. Sahabat baik saya semasa perkuliahan khususnya Shalvia Jari Refomia Siahaan, Lidia Pratiwi Kaban, Lactumi Sihombing, dan Sri Indah Karina Sembiring, serta seluruh teman-teman MSP angkatan 2016. 8. Kakak saya Evita Rehulina Ginting, S.Pi dan Limartaida Siahaan, S.Agr yang selalu memberikan dukungan dan doa kepada penulis. 9. Seluruh masyarakat dan nelayan di Pantai Sei Nipah Desa Sei Nagalawan Kecamatan Perbaungan yang telah banyak membantu penulis di lapangan. Penulis berharap skripsi ini dapat berguna bagi pembaca maupun bagi peneliti selanjutnya. Oleh karena itu, penulis sangat mengharapkan kritik dan saran dari pembaca. Akhir kata, penulis mengucapkan banyak terima kasih kepada semua pihak yang telah membantu dalam penyelesaian skripsi ini. Medan, Maret 2021 Penulis v Universitas Sumatera Utara DAFTAR ISI Halaman ABSTRAK ............................................................................................... i ABSTRACT ............................................................................................. ii RIWAYAT HIDUP ................................................................................. iii KATA PENGANTAR ............................................................................. iv DAFTAR ISI ............................................................................................ vi DAFTAR TABEL ................................................................................... ix DAFTAR GAMBAR ............................................................................... x DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ........................................................................... xi PENDAHULUAN Latar Belakang ................................................................................... 1 Rumusan Masalah
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