Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 16, 675–704, 2016 www.nat-hazards-earth-syst-sci.net/16/675/2016/ doi:10.5194/nhess-16-675-2016 © Author(s) 2016. CC Attribution 3.0 License. Chronology and impact of the 2011 Cordón Caulle eruption, Chile Manuela Elissondo1, Valérie Baumann1, Costanza Bonadonna2, Marco Pistolesi3, Raffaello Cioni3, Antonella Bertagnini4, Sébastien Biass2, Juan-Carlos Herrero1, and Rafael Gonzalez1 1Servicio Geológico Minero Argentino (SEGEMAR), Buenos Aires, Argentina 2Department of Earth Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland 3Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Firenze, Firenze, Italia 4Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Pisa, Italia Correspondence to: Costanza Bonadonna (
[email protected]) Received: 7 July 2015 – Published in Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss.: 8 September 2015 Accepted: 29 January 2016 – Published: 10 March 2016 Abstract. We present a detailed chronological reconstruction 1 Introduction of the 2011 eruption of the Cordón Caulle volcano (Chile) based on information derived from newspapers, scientific re- Recent volcanic crises (e.g. Chaitén 2008, Cordón Caulle ports and satellite images. Chronology of associated volcanic 2011 and Calbuco 2015, Chile; Eyjafjallajökull 2010, Ice- processes and their local and regional effects (i.e. precursory land) clearly demonstrated that even small–moderate to sub- activity, tephra fallout, lahars, pyroclastic density currents, plinian eruptions, particularly if long-lasting, can paralyze lava flows) are also presented. The eruption had a severe entire sectors of societies with a significant economic im- impact on the ecosystem and on various economic sectors, pact. The increasing complexity of the impact of eruptions on including aviation, tourism, agriculture and fishing industry.