~ . ,.r; . ~ • 58/1964 •4.: • THE AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY RESEARCH SCHOOL OF PHYSICAL SCIENCES

DEPARTMENT OF ASTRONOMY

ANNUAL REPORT 1963

Staff

Professor of Astronomy and B.J. Bok, Ph.D. Director of Observatory

Professor of Optics T. Dunham, Ph.D.

Reader and Deputy Director A.R. Hogg, D.Sc., F. Inst. P., (Administration) F.A.A.

Reader and Assistant Director S.C.B. Gascoigne, M.Sc., Ph.D. (Research)

Reader B.E. Westerlund, Ph.D.

Head of Section on Positional H.J.McK. Abraham, M.Sc. Astronomy (Senior Fellow)

Senior Fellows w. Buscombe, M.A., Ph.D. Th. Walraven, Ph.D.

Fellows H. R. F. Go 11 now, Dr. Phi 1. A. Przybylski, Ph.D. A.W. Rodgers, Ph.D. L. Searle, Ph.D. Research Engineers (Fellows) K. Gottlieb, Dip. Ing. L.C. Witchard, B.Sc.

Visiting Fellow Madge G. Adam, D. Phil.

Research Assistants J.M. Basinski P. Morris Kennedy

Honorary Professor R.V.d.R. Woolley, Kt., O.B.E., M.Sc., F.A.Ao, F.R.S., Astronomer Royal

Honorary Fellow c. Roslund, Ph.D.

Research Scholars R. Bhavilai, M.Sc. R.D. Ekers, B.Sc. J. Koehler, B.Sc. D.K. Milne, B.sc. R.M. Price, B.Sc. LoF. Smith, B.Sc. N. Visvanathan, B.Sc. B.L. Webster, B.Sc.

Three major appointments were made during the : that of Dr. Walraven to the post of Senior Fellow, Dr. Searle to the post of Fellow and Mr. Witchard to the post of Research Engineer.

At the end of the year our Workshop Foreman, Mr. H.J. Banham, retired after nearly forty service to the Observatory. Another resignation was that of Mrs. C.M. Wehner, after sixteen years in which she did much good work in the Time Service and Section on Positional Astronomy and on the Computer Committee. 58/1964

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The year 1963 marked the end of eleven years of association between the Yale and Columbia Observatories and Mount Stromlo Observatory. In July the Yale-Columbia Observer, Mr. c. Jackson, left Canberra to return to South Africa and the Yale-Columbia 26-inch Refractor, an instrument that received great renown as the producer of most southern trigonometric parallaxes, was transferred as a gift to the Australian National University. The Uppsala Observer, Dr. G. LyngS, left in July and was replaced by Dr. c. Roslund. The close association between the Uppsala Station and Mount Stromlo Observatory continues.

Visitors

Dr. B.E. Pagel of the Royal Greenwich Observatory spent eight months at the Observatory on an exchange arrangement whereby Dr. Gascoigne was able to spend eight months at Hestmonceux Castle. Both Dr. Pagel and Dr. Gascoigne derived much benefit from their exchange. Dr. P.W. Hodge from the University of California was with us for three months; Dr. Madge G. Adam from Oxford University arrived in September and will remain at the Observatory for the first half of 1964.

During the year we had visits from many distinguished astronomers from Australia and overseas. The IAU/URSI Symposium No. 20 on "The and the Magellanic Clouds", which was held in Canberra and Sydney during March, brought to Australia more than twenty distinguished astronomers from overseas including the President of the Union, Professor V.A. Ambartsumian of the USSR, two Vice-Presidents, Dr. G. Haro of Mexico (who also gave a colloquium) and Dr. R.H. Stoy of the Royal Observatory of the Cape of Good Hope, and two Past Presidents, Professor J.H. Oort of the Netherlands and Professor B. Lindblad of Sweden, all of whom visited the Observatory. In addition we had the following visitors who gave colloquia:- Dr. R.A. Lyttleton of the University of Cambridge, Dr. W. Krzeminski of Warsaw Observatory, Dr. J.F. Heard of Toronto University, Professor L. Perek of Czechoslovakia, Professor A. Blaauw of Groningen, Dr. H.L. Johnson of the University of Arizona, Dr. G. Herzberg of Ottawa, Dr. J.W. Warwick of Boulder, Colorado, Dr. R.D. Davies of the Jodrell Bank Radio Observatory, Dr. M. Morimoto of Japan, Professor M.G.J. Minnaert of Utrecht and Dr. E.M. Purcell of Harvard University. Additional overseas visitors were Professor H. Bondi of the University of London and Dr. G.Z. Dimitroff of Dartmouth College, U.S.A. Among colloquia speakers from Australia we note Dr. Grote Reber and Professor G.R.H. Ellis from Tasmania and Dr. J. Ramsay from the National Standards Laboratory of the c.s.I.R.O. In August Dr. D. Mugglestone of the University of Queensland spent two weeks hereo Dr. F.J. Kerr of the Radiophysics Laboratory of the C.S.I.R.O. gave a series of seminars during April and May.

Dr. R.A. Bell from the University of Adelaide spent the period from March to August at the Observatory and participated in the Seminar Programme for the second term.

Student Activities

Five Doctoral Theses were completed during 1963. These were:- D.J. Faulkner 11 A study of the 30 Doradus and 7t, Carinae Nebulae"; R.R. Shobbrook "Photographic, specto­ graphic and photometric studies of southern "; I.J. Danziger "A high dispersion spectral study of one carbon and two barium "; D. Sher "Distances of some open clusters near '>t Carinae"; J.A. Graham 11 The application of hydrogen-line photometry to Milky Way research". 58/1964

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The Joint Programme with the C.S.l.R.O. is operating satisfactorily. Mr. Price and Mr. Koehler are working in the field of radio astronomy at Parkes and at Sydney (Radiophysics Laboratory); Mr. Bhavilai is about to complete his thesis on solar astronomy in Sydney (Division of Physics); Mr. Ekers will start work on his thesis in Sydney (Radiophysics Laboratory) about the middle of 1964.

The Summer Vacation Scholar scheme is again in operation this year with eight scholars attending.

Field Station and Site Testing

At Siding Spring Observatory, the buildings are ready to receive the 40-inch and 16·4 inch Reflectors when these arrive in January 1964. The two telescopes have been constructed by the firm of Boller and Chivens of Pasadena, California, and they have optics by the Perkins-Elmer Corporation of Casta Mesa, California. The 40-inch Reflector has Ritchey-Chretien optics and should have a usable field for photography of one square degree at f /8. The testing of the optics to the required tolerance has been kindly supervised by Dr. l.S. Bowen, Director of Mount Wilson and Palomar Observatories. Dr. Gascoigne, assisted by Mr. Wehner, will be in charge of mounting and adjusting the telescop~s prior to operation.

Two additional telescopes are scheduled for mounting at Siding Spring Observatory in the rext few years. The 26-inch Reflector from Mount Bingar has been dismantled, and the mirror, which was on loan from the Fund for Astrophysical Research, has been returned. New Cassegrain optics will be ordered for this instrument, which will be erected at Siding Spring. The 50-inch Reflector from Mount Stromlo Observatory will also be transferred to Siding Spring as soon as practicable. Work on the buildings for these two telescopes is in the advanced planning stage.

Records of the night sky at Coonabarabran are given below. The observations consist of noting cloud or haze at 9 p.m.; "zero cloud" being defined as no cloud or haze more than 10° above the horizon. Clear or cloudy skies the following morning are also noted - indicative of stability overnight. The mean percentage of "zero Cloud" at Coonabarabran is 58.5% and the mean of clear skies the following morning is 48.1%. It is of interest to compare these figures with those for Mount Stromlo, where the two means for 1963 were respectively 25.4% of "zero cloud" at 9 p.m. and 1410 of clear skies after "zero cloud'' at 9 p.m. The total obs~rving hours at Mount Stromlo Observatory during 1963 were photoelectric 785.5 hours, spectrographic 1413 hours.

Dr. Hogg has continued the Site Testing Surveys on an Australia-wide basis; results have been disappointing. However, records show that 1963 was an unusually poor year. The principal activity was the maintenance of an observing station on Mount Singleton in Western Australia from November to March inclusive. Observations of the Danjon seeing index, photoelectric extinction measures, wind velocity, cloud data, air and ground temperature records and estimates of duration of clear sky were obtained. The whole project has been hampered by unusually high rainfall, which not only prevented observations, but created difficulties with the access track to the mountain. Further, the volcanic eruption in Bali has undoubtedly resulted in much larger amounts of dust than usual being present at high levels in the atmosphere. 58/1964

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Estimates of the amount of clear sky occurring in runs of at least four consecutive hours have been made at Mount Stromlo by visual observation and at Mount Singleton by examination of net radiometer recordso The results are:

Percentage of nights on which runs of at least four hours took place: Mount Stromlo 23% Mount Singleton 32%

Expressed as the percentage of the possible observing hours covered by the four hour or longer runs, the results are: Mount Stromlo 17% Mount Singleton 25%

Another comparison can be based on the percentage frequency of occurrence of "zero cloud". Here the figures are: Mount Stromlo 23% Mount Singleton 24%

The results from Mount Singleton are extremely dis­ appointing, representing probably no more than 1000 hours of photoelectric time per year, though probably this would have been increased had the summer months been included. It is also difficult to assess just how far the test period represents abnormal conditions. Certainly earlier results for cloud were much better.

Some Danjon tests were made at Mount Robe near Broken Hill, but results were not encouraging, though here again conditions were regarded as abnormal.

Instrumental Developments

Mr. Wehner has been placed in charge of all construction and development at Siding Spring Observatory.

The setting accuracy of the 74-inch Reflector has been much improved. A completely new Magslip Readout System has been designed and is under construction.

A double-channel polarimeter is now in full-scale operation for use at the Cassegrain focus of the 50-inch Reflector. The Zeiss-Newtonian spectrograph has been transferred from the 74-inch Newtonian to the 50-inch Cassegrain focus, which made necessary the design and construction of a conversion objective.

The Nebular Spectrograph on the 74-inch Reflector is performing well. Most of the work has been done with the f /l camera, but the f /0.48 camera has now arrived; an f /2 camera is expected shortly. Provisions for off-setting are being constructed.

The Coude spectrograph on the 74-inch Reflector is now in full operation and observers were assigned 161 nights during the year. All temporary features are being replaced with permanent ones. The final design and construction of the 120-inch and 32-inch cameras is well advanced. A camera of 10 inches focal length and an aperture of 9 inches is on order. A five-stage secondary emission image amplifying tube with a resolution of 30 lines per mm will be installed for use with the 120-inch camera.

A major project is the construction by Dr. Walraven of a multi-colour photometer, which is a refinement of the Leiden 5-channel photometer. A 32-channel integrator records simultaneously the amount of light transmitted through adjacent spectral intervals. A new type of birefringent filter has been designed and is under construction. 58/1964

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At present Observatory staff and scholars are using the IBM 1620 computer of the Research School of Physical Sciences at the rate of about 13 hours each week. Increasing demand, and the inconvenience of the distance between the Observatory and the School make the installation of an IBM 1620 at the Observatory a matter of urgency.

Large Reflector for Australia

The long-range prospects for a 150-inch Reflector for Australia were advanced in 1963 by the appointment of a Large Reflector Committee, advisory to the Council of the Australian Academy of Science, of which Committee Dr. Bok and Dr. Gascoigne are members. The future of astronomy in Australia was debated in both the House of Representatives and the Senate during the year.

Research Programmes

A major item in the research work of the Observatory was the holding of IAU/URSI Symposium No. 20 on "The Galaxy and the Magellanic Clouds" in Australia in March. Mount Stromlo staff had an excellent opportunity for presenting the results of current research and of discussions with the eminent astronomers from overseas who attended the Symposium.

(a) The Magellanic Clouds. Dr. Hogg has published an Atlas of the Small Magellanic Cloud, based on 74-inch Reflector plates. He has obtained additional UBV photographs for NGC 330 and for two other Small Cloud fields; photoelectric sequences to m = 18 are available for all three. Dr. Hodge has obtained four UBV photoelectric sequences for the north central region of the Large Cloud to V'Vl8.0.

Dr. Gascoigne has completed colour-magnitude arrays for six Magellanic Cloud globular clusters. Two of these appear to be normal halo clusters, two intermediate age clusters and two are peculiar. He has also completed his programme of photo­ electric photometry of Cloud cepheid variables. The slope of the period- relation for the cepheids in the Small Cloud is not incompatible with that found at Herstmonceux for cepheids in the Large Cloud. The apparent moduli indicated for the Large and Small Clouds are: Small Cloud m - M = 19.0; Large Cloud m - M = 18.6

B.J. and P.F. Bok have extended their sequence in NGC 1929-37 to fainter limits and have obtained a new photo­ electric sequence for NGC 1770. Dr. Westerlund is continuing photometric work for regions in the wing of the Small Cloud and is engaged on six-colour photometry for the 30 Doradus region and several other fields in both Clouds. In collaboration with Dr. Lyng8 , he carried out an investigation of the cluster system in the outer parts of the Large Cloud, which led to the listing of 483 clusters, and which suggests a tilt of 45 0 for the Large Cloud. Together with Dr. Gascoigne, Dr. Lynge discovered a new outlying globular cluster on the preceding side of the S~all Cloud.

Dr. Gollnow, Miss M. Mowat and Professor Bok have obtained the spectra for 9 Henize emission nebulae in the Small Cloud with the Nebular Spectrograph; these are of special interest to Sydney ra~io astronomers. Spectra taken of the bright arc in the 30 Doradus show satisfactory agreement between radial velocities for emission nebulae observed at Stromlo and at Radcliffe Observatory. A similar programme for the Large Cloud is in progress. 58/1964

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Miss Smith is studying Wolf-Rayet stars in the Large Cloud. She and Dr. Westerlund have completed a study of the surface distribution, brightnesses and colours for 58 Wolf-Rayet stars in the Large Cloud. The evolutionary picture toemerge is one in which the Population I stars - including the massive blue field stars - originate in huge proto-clouds of gas with a diameter as great as 1000 . The Wolf-Rayet stars evolve by mass loss.

(b) Extra-Galactic Research. Dr. Hodge has established a UBV sequence in the Sculptor Dwarf Galaxy (to V = 18.4). This sequence will be applied to the brighter variable stars in the Sculptor system. He has also undertaken surface photometry of the system. UBV magnitudes were obtained for five globular clusters in the Fornax Dwarf Galaxy.

Dr. Westerlund continues his work on optical identifi­ cation of radio sources and now includes low-dispersion spectro­ scopy with the Nebular Spectrograph.

Mr. Price, in collaboration with members of the National Radio Astronomical Observatory, has made extensive use of the facilities at Parkes for much of his work. He has studied Centaurus A at three frequencies to obtain brightness distribution, polarisation parameters, a Faraday rotation measure and flux spectrum. He has made a similar study of Fornax Ab He has under way a source survey for - 60° to - 90 •

Mr. Koehler has been a partner in the successful efforts to detect neutral atomic hydrogen in the Virgo cluster of Galaxies.

Mr. Shobbrook's thesis contains a collection of photographs of southern galaxies and spectra and radial velocities for 20 galaxies, 17 of them new ones. He has derived distances for four groups.

(c) The Southern Milky Way. B.J. and P.F. Bok, with Mrs. Basinski and Mr. Graham, are continuing their work on a number of selected fields at low galactic latitudes. The work, which consists primarily of studies of oB stars based on UBV colours and magnitudes and H f3 indices, is being supplemented by work with the Nebular Spectrograph by Dr. Gollnow, Miss Mowat and Professor Bok. Special attention is being paid to a section in the of Centaurus, where the majority of OB stars appear to be at a distance of 1800 parsecs from the .

In Puppis, Dr. Westerlund reports a new OB association, Puppis III, at a distance of 1700 parsecs from the sun. Mount Stromlo astronomers, working in close collaboration with Dr. F.J. Kerr of the Radiophysics Laboratory find that all the evidence supports the presence of a spiral concentration at 4000 to 5000 parsecs from the sun for another field in Puppis.

Similar work is under way for fields in Carina and Centaurus and in Norma. In the Carina-Centaurus sector, Dr. Faulkner and Mr. Graham have re-examined the distance of the 'Yf. Carinae nebula, which has a probable distance of 2500 parsecs. Mr. Sher finds confirmation for the extent in depth of the Carina spiral features, with one galactic cluster at a distance of 5000 parsecs from the sun. The conc~ntration of OB stars at lII = 328° is at a distance of 2500- 300 parsecs, and possibly marks an edge of the Sagittarius Spiral Arm. 58/1964 \ - 7 -

Dr. Westerlund reports progress on his infrared survey of the southern Milky Way. He has identified 1326 carbon stars and 87 S stars and counts of M stars are in progress.

Dr. Hogg is working on an Atlas of Galactic Clusters from 74-inch photographs. Photoelectric sequences to V = 16 have been published for two clusters, NGC 4775 and 6925. Mr. Sher has obtained colour-magnitude arrays for five southern clusters and Dr. Westerlund is also studying several clusters. Dr. Buscombe reports on IC 2391, for which he has measured radial velocities for 30 stars of spectral classes B to K. Because of the intermediate age of this cluster, the distance modulus derived from hydrogen-line strength differs appreciably from that found from UBV photometry.

Dr. Westerlund is engaged upon extensive research work on southern planetary nebulae. Miss Webster has begun a programme of spectrographic and photometric work on southern planetary nebulae. Miss Smith is including galactic southern Wolf-Rayet stars in her general survey.

Mr. Koehler and Dr. Gascoigne have investigated the colours of southern globular clusters and they find some evidence for a correlation between the G-band index and the (B-V) colours for globular clusters in the galaxy, similar to that for the Magellanic Clouds.

Mr. Price has concentrated much of his time on radio astronomical work on the galactic centre, where he has obtained data on flux, structure and spectral information.

(d) Photometry and radial velocities of individual stars. Dr. Walraven, with the assistance of Mrs. Walraven, has spent much time on the reduction of the 150,000 readings which they accumulated during their years at Leiden Southern Station. The result of this work will be basic colour data for galactic and Magellanic Cloud supergiants and data on cepheid variables and short-period variable stars.

Dr. Hogg has observed the eclipsing binary S Capri­ corni for which complete coverage of the cycle is now available. A cycle of '1' Scorpii has also been observed. Dr. and Mrs. Walraven have data for BL Telescopii and Mr. J.s. Sommerville determined at Mount Bingar light curves for X Pictoris and ST Carinae.

In th~ concluding year at Mount Bingar, much effective multi-;olour photometric research was done with the 26-inch Reflector. Dr. Westerlund carried out six-colour photometry for a large number of bright stars. Dr. Pagel secured photoelectric measures on Kron's (I,R) system for 21 stars, including a number of K dwarfs. Differential blanketing effects are very pronounced. The range in metal mundances for the K dwarfs is much like that observed for G dwarfs. The correlation with space motion perpendicular to the galactic plane is also very much the same in both cases.

Dr. Przbylski and Mrs. Kennedy have continued UBV photometry for a number of high-velocity stars and have begun work on stars in the Scorpio-Centaurus Association. A First List of radial velocities for high-velocity stars is ready for publication and an analysis has been made of the measured radial velocities and results of UBV photometry for these 106 stars. 58/1964 ' - 8 - Dr. Buscome and Mr. C.R. Dickens have established numerical criteria for luminosity classification of G stars. Rotational velocities of B stars in the Scorpio-Centaurus Association are under investigations. Because of the observed differences in radial velocity, Dr. Buscombe concludes that the hypothesis that all B stars within 500 pa~secs of the sun form a single Super Association is untenable. He has prepared a catalogue of radial velocities for 800 southern OB stars, with UBV data and MK spectral types for 500 of these.

(e) Spectroscopic Research: Solar Research. Professor Dunham is continuing the work reported laJt year. Dr. Danziger's thesis dealt with the measurement and interpretation of Coude spectra for RY Sagittarii, a fine example of an R. Coronae Borealis , and of two barium stars, HD 116713 and Y Velocum. The emphasis in his work was on line identifications and interpretation in terms of element abundances. Dr. Rodgers and Dr. Bell have collaborated in several studies. Macro­ turbulent velocities were derived at each phase of K Pavonis, a cepheid variable. Work on (3 Doradus, another cepheid, is complete and again macroturbulent velocities have been determined. Chemical abundances were found to be normal info Doradus, and evidence has been given for a phase change in temperatures and densities for classical cepheids with periods of the order of 10 days. Macroturbulence appears to vary markedly with height in the atmosphere, which implies that rotational velocities near the cepheid strip are very low and that there is a flow of turbulent energy through the . In the disc supergiant star /3 Hydri, the iron group of elements were found to be deficient by a factor two and the s-elements by a factor 3 three. The existence of He in the spectrum of 3 Centaur! A has been confirmed.

Dr. Gollnow and Dr. Adam are collaborating in the study of magnetic stars. Dr. Adam intends to make a special study of the interpretation of the magnetic fields in the broader-line A stars, in addition to Ap type stars, which are most likely to show magnetic effects.

Dr. Przybylski and Mrs. Kennedy are analysing their Coude results for I< Indi and HD 214539. The spectrum of the star HD 101065 is found to have a remarkable nureber of strong holmium lines, whereas most normal lines are missing.

Mr. Bhavilai reports success with his filter work at the Division of Physics of the C.S.I.R.O. Doppler velocities of spicules in the upper chromosphere are indicative of mass motions. These spicules have been traced downwards to the limb of the sun. Movement of spicules in groups has been noted. Some of the groupings have lifetimes of hours, very much longer than the lifetimes of the individual spicules.

Sect ion on Pos _i_t_i_g_l}_a.l_As_t r_£n2t?Y_ (Naj:_i_onn 1 _ ~i~e_Se rvice)

During 1963 improvements were made in istrumentation and in procedures for reducing the observations. The PZT results are being utilised in an investigation of the rotation of the . The PZT was dismantled for maintenance during the year.

A number of computer programmes were written by Mrs. Wehner. In particular she elaborated and revised the PZT reduction progrnmme. Data for three years have been combined to provide improved corrections for the star places, and these are in good agreement with those previously adopted. 58/1964

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' The tine keeping was strengthened in January by the arrival of two Essen ring oscillators. The reference of clock rates to overseas atomic frequency standards has been greatly assisted by a VLF Tracking Receiver which was installed in May. With the new equipment Mr. Miller has increased the precision of the emitted time signals by about one order of nagnitude.

The PZT results and other material are being applied by Mr. Abraham in work on the secular motion of the pole and the changes in the length of the day. Mr. Boots arranged a series of colloquia comprising 26 talks in which all members of the Section briefly described their work or papers of immediate interest.

As in previous years, various astronomical tables have been prepared by Mr. Elep, and reports on PZT observations and interstate clock comparisons have been issued regularly. The latitude results since lst July 1963 are now communicated monthly to the International Polar Motion Service.

Other Activities

Library. Good progress has been made in the establishment of a small duplicate library for Siding Spring Observatory. The Observatory library is in very cramped quarters, but this situation will be eased with the completion of the Duffield Building.

New Building. Work on the Duffield Building is well advanced and it should be ready for occupancy before the middle of 1964. At a ceremony on March 17, 1963, Sir Richard Woolley, the second Director of Haunt Strornlo Observatory, 1'Turned the Firr: t Sod 11 • The daughter and son of the First Director, Miss Joan Duffield and Mr. Michael Duffield, were present. The widow of the Officer in Charge from 1929 to 1938, Mrs. W.B. Rimmer, also attended, thus completing the links with the past. The ceremony was also attended by the Chancellor and by p a rticipants in IAU/URSI Symposium No. 20.

Seminars, Colloquia and Symposia. The programme of seminars continues at the rate of two seminars for each term. During 1963 seminars were offered by Professor Dunham, Dr. Gollnow, Dr. Rodgers, Dr. Pagel, Dr. Bel 1, Dr. Przybylski, Dr. Walraven and Professor Bok. During June and July, Dr. Buscombe gave five lectures on Stellar Astronomy at the request of the Department of Physics, School of General Studies. These were aimed primarily at second year students.

Dr. Westerlund has continued as the active chairman of our Colloquium Committee. 26 regular Observatory Colloquia were offered during the year and there were also many informal lectures and meetings. We record here the fact that Dr. Westerlund continues to act as Australian Correspondent for the Information Bulletin for the Sou~her _ n Bemis _ pji~_;:_E}_, of which two further issues appeared in 1963, and which is fulfilling an increasingly important need.

Observatory staff and visitors participated in two symposia. The first of these was held at the Fourth Australian Spectroscopy Conference, the second was on Plans for the next Solar Cycle.

Public Lectures and Public Relations. Drs. Gascoigne, Gollnow, Rodgers and Professor Bok gave colloquia during their trips overseas. Professor Bok has continued his policy of presenting 58/1964 \ - 10 -

occasional public lectures in the capital cities and in country centres, and he delivered six half-hour TV talks on the ABC programme "University of the Air".

The regular programne of Visitor's Nights has continued during 1963, and there has been an ever increasing number of daytime visitors. The Stroralo Booklet has gone through two additional printings, and a new version is being prepared by Mr. Miller. Mr. Abraham continues his raonthly column of 11 The Sky, Month by Month'', published in the Australian Journal of Science, and available in duplicated forn to teachers and others interested.

Study Leave

As we have noted earlier, Dr. Gascoigne was overseas for eight months. Dr. Westerlund participated in the Symposium held in Bandung, Indonesia. Dr. Gollnow was overseas for three months, chiefly to attend !AU Synposium No. 22 on "Stellar and Solar Magnetic Fields", at which he had been invited to give two introductory lectures. He also made technical visits in the United Kingdom and Western Europe. Dr. Bok and Dr. Rodgers made a four week visit to the United States and the United Kingdom at the request of the Large Reflector Committee of the Australian Academy of Science. They gathered information on technical and financial problems relating to the construction of a 150-inch Reflector in the United States, and in the United Kingdom they conferred with British colleagues on many aspects of the problems surrounding the plan for a Joint British­ Australian Project. Mr. Wehner visited the United States for six weeks, spending his time at the firm of Boller and Chivens in California.

Publications

A. Papers contributed by Mount Stromlo Oveervatory Staff and Scholars to !AU/URS! Symposium No. 20, held in Canberra and Sydney, March 18 to 28, 1963

Aller, L.H.* and Faulkner, D.J. - 11 Spectrophotometry of fourteen southern planetary nebulae". Paper No. 11.

"Energy distribution in southern globular clusters". Paper No. 73.

Bok, B.J. - 11 An outline ~l the sgiral structure of the southern Milky Way (220° < 1 < 355 ) 11 • Paper No. 36.

11 A young association in the Large Magellanic Cloud 11 • Paper No. 68.

Buscombe, W. - "The total brightness of galactic clusters". Paper No. 6.

Cooper, B.F.C.* and Price, R.M. - 11 A high resolution 10 cm survey of the galactic centre region and spectral characteristics of the region". Paper No. 40.

Dickel, R.R.*, Aller, L.H.* and Faulkner, D.J. - i 1 Photoelectric spectrophotometry of emission nebulosities in the Magellanic Clouds". Paper No. 63.

Faulkner, D.J. - 11 A comparison of the 30 Doradus and 77_ Carinae Nebulae". Paper No. 64.

*Not a member of this University 58/1964 \. - 11 - Gascoigne, s.c.B. - "The red globular-like clusters in the Magellanic Clouds". Paper No. 72.

"Photoelectric observations of Cloud cepheids 11 • Paper No. 75.

Graham, J.A. - "The hydrogen lines as luminosity criteria for early-type stars". Paper No. 17.

Walraven, Th. - 11 Supergiants in the Magellanic Clouds and in the. Galaxy". Paper No. 66.

Westerlund, B.E. - "An infrared survey of the southern Milky Way". Paper No. 39.

11 The surface distribution of clusters, planetary nebulae, supergiant H stars and carbon stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud". Paper No. 53.

11 Planetary nebulae and Wolf-Rayet stars in the Hagellanic Clouds". Paper No. 65.

"The wing of the Small Magellanic Cloud 11 • Paper No. 69.

B. Published Papers and Articles

Bok, B.J. - 11 An international discussion of Milky Way Research". Sky and Telescope ~' 4, 1963.

llThe future of astronomy in Australia". Aust. J. Sci. ~' 281, 1963.

"Proposed British Commonwealth Southern Observatory " . Aust. J. Sci. ~' 6, 1963.

"Our expanding Universe". Proc. R. Soc. Vic. J..j_, 29, 1963.

"The Large Star Cloud of Magellan". Scientific American, January, 1964.

11 Buscombe, W. - 11 How far away are the stars? • J. Astr. Soc. Vic. l§., 29, 1963.

"The physical properties of the long-period variables". A.S.P. Leaflet 405, 1963.

11 "Photometric data for galactic clusters • Mt. Stromlo Mimeogram No. 6, 1963.

11 Photemetric and spectroscopic data for southern OB stars". Mt. Stromlo Mi~eogram No. 7, 1963.

"Radial velocities of bright southern stars. III". M.N.R.A.S. 126, 29, 1963.

1 Faulkner, D.J. - 11 0n the distance of the~ Carinae Nebula i • P.A.S.P. J2., 269, 1963.

"Current studies of the Hagellanic Clouds 11 • Sky and Telescope~' 69, 1963.

Gascoigne, S.C.B. - "Intermediate-age clusters in the Magellanic Clouds". Observatory~' 71, 1963. (Mt. Stromlo Reprint No. 80). 58/1964

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Gascoigne, S.C.B. - "Towards a southern Commonwealth Observatory". Nature 197, 1240, 1963.

Gascoigne, S.C.B. and Lyngg, G.* - '~ new cluster in the Small Magellanic Cloud". Observatory, .§1., 38, 1963. (Mt. Stromlo Reprint No. 77).

Gascoigne, S.C.B. and Ogston, F.A. - "The globular clusters NGC 6723 and NGC 6752 11 • Observatory, .§1., 64, 1963. (Mt. Stromlo Reprint No. 78).

Gascoigne, s.c.B. and Koehler, J. - 1'G-band photometry of globular clusters". Observatory .!Ll_, 66, 1963. (Mt. Stromlo Reprint No. 79).

Gollnow, H,R.F. - 11 The Newtonian two-prism spectrograph of the Mount Stromlo Observatoryn. z. Ap. 2!_, 241, 1963. (Mt. Stromlo Reprint No. 47).

Henize, K.a.~: and Westerlund, B.E. - 11 Dimensious of diffuse and planetary nebulae in the Small Magellanic Cloud ''· Ap. J. 137, 747, 1963. (Mt. Stromlo Reprint No. 69).

Hogg, A.R. - 11 A southern photoelectric magnitude sequence". P.A.S.P. J2., 194, 1963. (Mt. Stromlo Reprint No. 83).

"The galactic cluster NGC 3228 11 • U.N.R.A.S, 124, 307, 1963. (Mt. Stromlo Reprint No. 74).

"Eclipsing stars". J. Astr. Soc. Vic. ll, 71, 1963.

"The Ut. Agung eruption and atmospheric turbidity". Aust. J. Sci. ~' 119, 1963.

Hogg, A.R. and Hunt, v.o. - 11 Small Magellanic Cloud Charts". Australian National University, 1963.

Kennedy, P.M. and Przybylski, A. - "Radial Velocities of 50 hlaigh-velocity stars 11 • H.N.R.A.S. 126, 381, 1963. (Mt. Stromlo Reprint No. 86).

Mathewson, D.S.*, Healy, J.R.* and Westerlund, B.E. - 11 A super­ nova remnant in the Large Magellanic Cloudrt. Nature 199, 681, 1963. (Mt. Stromlo Reprint No. 97).

11 Miller, M.J. - "Impressions of an Observatory, IV, V, VI, VII • J. Astr. Soc. W.A., XIV, 3, 5 and 6, 1963.

Pagel ,B.E.* - "Ultraviolet emission from the sun". Plan and Space Science.!.!.., 333, 1963.

11 The analysis of starlight". The Advancement of Science, March , 1 9 6 3 •

"Differential curve of growth analysis of 1: Ceti and AD 122563 11 • J. Quant. Spectr. and Rad. Transfer 1., 139, 1963.

"Abundances of metals in subgiants 11 • Observatory, 83, 1963.

Robinson, B.J.*, van Damme, K.J.* and Koehler, J. - "Neutral hydrogen in the Virgo cluster 11 • Nature 199, 1176, 1963.

Rodgers, A.W. and Bell, R.A.* - 11 Abundances in the old subgiant /3 Hydri"· Observatory 83, 79, 1963. (Ht. Stromlo keprint No. 85).

*Not a member of this University 58/1964 -13-

Rodgers, W. A. and Bell, R.A. ** - "The atmosphere of K Pavonis I. A coarse analysis". M.N.R.A.S. 1£;i, 487, 1963. (Mt. Stromlo Reprint No . 71).

Sher, D. -"The distance of NGC 3766." Pb.servat.Ql:.¥~ 82, 63, (M~. Strom lo Reprint No. 66).

Shobbrook, R.R. - "A note on a radio source identification in Centaurus". Observatory .83 , 36, 1963. (Mt. Stromlo Reprint No. 70)

Westerlund, B. E. - "Low dispersion spectral classification and multi-colour photometry". Proc. Bandung Inst. Tech. Special Issue, p. 64, 1963.

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* Not a member of this University.

MM Based on work done while a member of the Department. pp Visiting Research worker .